JP2680714B2 - Ash treatment method for coal-fired boiler - Google Patents

Ash treatment method for coal-fired boiler

Info

Publication number
JP2680714B2
JP2680714B2 JP4566590A JP4566590A JP2680714B2 JP 2680714 B2 JP2680714 B2 JP 2680714B2 JP 4566590 A JP4566590 A JP 4566590A JP 4566590 A JP4566590 A JP 4566590A JP 2680714 B2 JP2680714 B2 JP 2680714B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
coal
ash
boiler
fired boiler
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP4566590A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH03252337A (en
Inventor
敏之 竹川
智規 小山
重泰 石神
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP4566590A priority Critical patent/JP2680714B2/en
Publication of JPH03252337A publication Critical patent/JPH03252337A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2680714B2 publication Critical patent/JP2680714B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は事業用、産業用の発電プラント等における石
炭焚ボイラの石炭灰(フライアッシュ)の処理方法に関
する。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating coal ash (fly ash) of a coal-fired boiler in a commercial or industrial power plant or the like.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

第2図は従来の石炭焚ボイラの一例の流れ系統を示す
図である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a flow system of a conventional coal-fired boiler.

石炭焚ボイラの主な構成は石炭を粉砕供給する石炭粉
砕ミル(02)、粉砕された微粉炭を燃焼させるボイラ
(04)、脱硝装置(07)、エアヒータ(09)、電気集塵
器(10)、脱硫装置(11)、押込通風機(03),(1
2)、誘引通風機(13)および煙突(14)である。図中
(01)は石炭バンカ、(05)はバーナ風箱である。石炭
はボイラ(04)内で燃焼し、その燃焼ガスはボイラ(0
4)を構成する伝熱管へ熱を与えながらボイラ後流へ流
れ、最終的には煙突(14)から排気される。
The main components of a coal-fired boiler are a coal crushing mill (02) for crushing and supplying coal, a boiler (04) for burning pulverized pulverized coal, a denitration device (07), an air heater (09), and an electrostatic precipitator (10 ), Desulfurization equipment (11), forced draft fan (03), (1
2), a draft fan (13) and a chimney (14). In the figure, (01) is a coal bunker and (05) is a burner box. Coal burns in the boiler (04), and the combustion gas burns the boiler (0
It flows to the downstream of the boiler while applying heat to the heat transfer tubes that make up 4), and is finally discharged from the chimney (14).

石炭には必ず鉱物質の灰を含むので、石炭焚ボイラ排
ガスには微粒灰いわゆるフライアッシュを含む。そこで
煙突(14)から排気する前にフライアッシュを電気集塵
器(10)で除去するようになっている。一般にフライア
ッシュは、この電気集塵器(10)で積極的に除去するほ
か、脱硝装置(07)の下方のホッパ(08)やボイラ下部
のホッパ(06)からも一部排出される。従来の石炭焚ボ
イラでは、これらのフライアッシュは集められて灰捨場
に廃棄されている。
Since coal always contains mineral ash, the coal-fired boiler exhaust gas contains fine ash, so-called fly ash. Therefore, the fly ash is removed by the electrostatic precipitator (10) before exhausting from the chimney (14). Generally, fly ash is positively removed by the electric dust collector (10), and is also partially discharged from the hopper (08) below the denitration device (07) and the hopper (06) below the boiler. In conventional coal-fired boilers, these fly ash are collected and disposed of in the ash dump.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problems to be solved by the invention]

前項で述べたように、石炭焚ボイラから排出されるフ
ライアッシュは、従来その大部分が廃棄されているが、
フライアッシュは嵩比重が0.5で、かつ未燃分を含み、
しかも重金属類が付着凝縮しているので、下記問題があ
る。
As mentioned in the previous section, most of the fly ash discharged from the coal-fired boiler is conventionally discarded,
Fly ash has a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 and contains unburned matter,
Moreover, since heavy metals are attached and condensed, there are the following problems.

1) 嵩比重が0.5と小さいので、処理する際、容量が
大きいという難点がある。
1) Since the bulk specific gravity is as small as 0.5, there is a problem that the capacity is large during processing.

2) 未燃分および溶質分を含むため、処理する際産業
廃棄物指定の処理、例えば排水対策、漏水対策等十分な
対策が必要である。また対策後も経年管理が必要で経費
がかかる。
2) Since it contains unburned components and solute components, it is necessary to take sufficient measures such as wastewater treatment and water leakage countermeasures designated as industrial waste when treating. In addition, even after the measures are taken, aging management is required and costs will be incurred.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving the problem]

本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するために、石炭を
燃料とするボイラの燃焼排ガスから分離される石炭灰
を、石炭が酸素または酸素富化空気により燃焼する高温
炉に供給して溶融させた後、水中で急冷して水砕スラグ
とすることを特徴とする石炭焚ボイラの灰処理方法を提
案するものである。
The present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, coal ash separated from the combustion exhaust gas of a boiler using coal as a fuel is supplied to a high-temperature furnace in which coal is burned with oxygen or oxygen-enriched air and melted. After that, it proposes an ash treatment method for a coal-fired boiler, which is characterized by rapidly cooling in water to produce granulated slag.

〔作用〕[Action]

本発明においては、石炭焚ボイラから排出されるフラ
イアッシュを一旦集め、これを石炭が酸素あるいは酸素
富化空気により燃焼する高温炉へ供給して溶融スラグと
する。更にこれを水中で急冷して、粒状の水砕スラグと
する。この粒状水砕スラグを定期的に系外へ排出する。
In the present invention, fly ash discharged from the coal-fired boiler is once collected and supplied to a high-temperature furnace in which coal burns with oxygen or oxygen-enriched air to form molten slag. Further, this is rapidly cooled in water to obtain granular granulated slag. This granular water granulated slag is regularly discharged out of the system.

一方、高温炉の燃焼排ガスは、熱回収された後、ボイ
ラ排ガス系統へ投入して更に熱回収することができる。
On the other hand, the combustion exhaust gas of the high temperature furnace can be fed to the boiler exhaust gas system for further heat recovery after the heat recovery.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す石炭焚ボイラの流れ
系統である。第1図において、前記第2図により説明し
た従来のものと同様の部分については、第2図中で用い
た符号の数字に20を加算した数字を符号として付け、詳
しい説明を省く。
FIG. 1 is a flow system of a coal-fired boiler showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the same parts as those of the conventional one described with reference to FIG. 2 are designated by the numerals added with 20 to the numerals used in FIG. 2, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

本実施例においては、ホッパ(26),(28)および電
気集塵器(30)で捕集されたフライアッシュは、破線で
示されるように、水冷壁で構成された高温炉(35)へ供
給される。一方高温炉(35)への燃料としては、石炭粉
砕ミル(22)から微粉炭を一点鎖線で示されるように分
岐供給する。また酸素あるいは酸素富化空気が、押込通
風機(32)の空気と酸素供給設備(41)の酸素とを混合
して供給される。その際、制御弁(40)によって、高温
炉(35)で必要な燃焼温度を得るための酸素濃度に調整
される。
In this embodiment, the fly ash collected by the hoppers (26), (28) and the electrostatic precipitator (30) is transferred to a high temperature furnace (35) composed of a water cooling wall as shown by a broken line. Supplied. On the other hand, as the fuel for the high temperature furnace (35), pulverized coal is branched and supplied from the coal crushing mill (22) as shown by the chain line. Oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is supplied by mixing the air in the forced draft fan (32) with the oxygen in the oxygen supply equipment (41). At that time, the control valve (40) adjusts the oxygen concentration to obtain the combustion temperature required in the high temperature furnace (35).

高温炉(35)でフライアッシュは溶融して溶融スラグ
となり、高温炉壁を流下して炉底に開口した開口部から
落下する。そして下部の水チャンバ(36)で急冷水砕さ
れ、粒状の水砕クラグ(42)となる。この粒状水砕スラ
グは定期的に系外へ排出される。
In the high temperature furnace (35), the fly ash melts and becomes molten slag, which flows down the high temperature furnace wall and falls from the opening portion opened to the furnace bottom. Then, it is rapidly cooled and water granulated in the lower water chamber (36) to form granulated water granulated crags (42). This granular granulated slag is regularly discharged out of the system.

一方高温炉(35)で燃焼した排ガスは、熱交換器(3
7)で熱回収した後、排ガス系統(38)を経由して脱硝
装置(27)の上流ダクトへ投入される。そして、ボイラ
(24)の排ガスとともに下流側各種機器を経由して煙突
(34)から排気される。
On the other hand, the exhaust gas burned in the high temperature furnace (35) is
After recovering the heat in 7), it is put into the upstream duct of the denitration device (27) via the exhaust gas system (38). Then, the exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney (34) together with the exhaust gas of the boiler (24) via various downstream devices.

上記のように本実施例では、フライアッシュを溶融ス
ラグ化するので、未燃分の低減と溶質成分の除去がで
き、石炭灰処分に当って排水管理が不要となる。また、
水砕スラグは崇比重が1.5〜2.0であり、フライアッシュ
の崇比重の約3倍となるので、処理容量が小さくなり、
処理費が低減するとともに、灰捨場を延命できる。更
に、ボイラからの灰排出が1か所に集約されるので、灰
処理系統が簡単となる。
As described above, in the present embodiment, the fly ash is made into molten slag, so that unburned components can be reduced and solute components can be removed, and wastewater management is unnecessary when disposing of coal ash. Also,
Granulated slag has a specific gravity of 1.5 to 2.0, which is about three times the specific gravity of fly ash, which reduces the processing capacity,
The disposal cost can be reduced and the ash disposal area can be extended. Further, since the ash discharge from the boiler is centralized in one place, the ash processing system becomes simple.

なお、ボイラ(24)の排ガスダクト部にルーバー式集
塵器(39)を設置することにより、石炭排ガス中のフラ
イアッシュを効果的に捕集することもできる。
By installing the louver type dust collector (39) in the exhaust gas duct part of the boiler (24), fly ash in the coal exhaust gas can also be effectively collected.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

本発明により下記の効果が得られる。 The following effects can be obtained by the present invention.

1) フライアッシュを溶融スラグ化することにより、
未燃分の低減と溶質成分の除去ができ、石炭灰処分に当
って排水管理が不要となる。
1) By converting fly ash into molten slag,
Unburned matter can be reduced and solute components can be removed, and wastewater management is not required for coal ash disposal.

2) 水砕スラグは崇比重が1.5〜2.0でフライアッシュ
のそれの約3倍となるので、処理容量が小さくなり、処
理費が低減するとともに、灰捨場を延命できる。
2) Granulated slag has a specific gravity of 1.5 to 2.0, which is about three times that of fly ash, so the processing capacity becomes smaller, the processing cost is reduced, and the ash disposal site can be extended.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す石炭焚ボイラの流れ系
統図、第2図は従来の石炭焚ボイラの一例を示す流れ系
統図である。 (01),(21)……石炭バンカ、 (02),(22)……石炭粉砕ミル、 (03),(23)……押込通風機、(04),(24)……ボ
イラ、 (05),(25)……バーナ風箱、 (06),(26)……アッシュホッパ、 (07),(27)……脱硝装置、 (08),(28)……アッシュホッパ、 (09),(29)……エアヒータ、 (10),(30)……電気集塵器、 (11),(31)……脱硫装置、 (12),(32)……燃焼用空気押込通風機、 (13),(33)……誘引通風機、(14),(34)……煙
突、 (35)……高温炉、(36)……水チャンバ、 (37)……排ガス熱交換器、 (38)……高温炉排ガス系統、 (39)……ルーバー式集塵器、(40)……調整弁、 (41)……酸素タンク、(42)……水砕スラグ。
FIG. 1 is a flow system diagram of a coal-fired boiler showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flow system diagram showing an example of a conventional coal-fired boiler. (01), (21) …… Coal bunker, (02), (22) …… Coal crushing mill, (03), (23) …… Indentation fan, (04), (24) …… Boiler, ( 05), (25) …… Burner box, (06), (26) …… Ash hopper, (07), (27) …… Denitration equipment, (08), (28) …… Ash hopper, (09 ), (29) ... Air heater, (10), (30) ... Electrostatic precipitator, (11), (31) ... Desulfurization equipment, (12), (32) ... Combustion air forced draft fan , (13), (33) …… Induced draft fan, (14) , (34) …… Chimney, (35) …… High temperature furnace, (36) …… Water chamber, (37) …… Exhaust gas heat exchanger , (38) …… High temperature furnace exhaust gas system, (39) …… Louver type dust collector, (40) …… Regulator valve, (41) …… Oxygen tank, (42) …… Granulated slag.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】石炭を燃料とするボイラの燃焼排ガスから
分離捕集される石炭灰を、石炭が酸素または酸素富化空
気により燃焼する高温炉に供給して溶融させた後、水中
で急冷して水砕スラグとすることを特徴とする石炭焚ボ
イラの灰処理方法。
1. A coal ash separated and collected from a combustion exhaust gas of a boiler using coal as a fuel is supplied to a high-temperature furnace in which coal is burned by oxygen or oxygen-enriched air to be melted, and then rapidly cooled in water. A method for treating ash in a coal-fired boiler, which is characterized by using water granulation slag.
JP4566590A 1990-02-28 1990-02-28 Ash treatment method for coal-fired boiler Expired - Fee Related JP2680714B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4566590A JP2680714B2 (en) 1990-02-28 1990-02-28 Ash treatment method for coal-fired boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4566590A JP2680714B2 (en) 1990-02-28 1990-02-28 Ash treatment method for coal-fired boiler

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03252337A JPH03252337A (en) 1991-11-11
JP2680714B2 true JP2680714B2 (en) 1997-11-19

Family

ID=12725684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4566590A Expired - Fee Related JP2680714B2 (en) 1990-02-28 1990-02-28 Ash treatment method for coal-fired boiler

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2680714B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110195133A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-09-03 河北科技大学 A kind of converter slag treatment system and processing method

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6433415A (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-02-03 Kobe Steel Ltd Disposal method for disposal waste and disposer for ash of incinerated disposal waste

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110195133A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-09-03 河北科技大学 A kind of converter slag treatment system and processing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03252337A (en) 1991-11-11

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