JP2673977B2 - Fluid transfer pressure generation method by phase change - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention utilizes a fluid phase change (evaporation / condensation) to generate a pressure for pumping a fluid without mechanical moving parts. It relates to the method of occurrence.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a fluid is transferred, it is customary to increase the pressure of the fluid on the low pressure side to transfer it to the high pressure side by means of a mechanical movement part, but it is difficult to obtain mechanical movement. In many cases, fluid transfer is performed in an environment where the presence of mechanical movement is undesirable, and in these cases, fluid transfer is difficult.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The technical problem of the present invention is that it does not have a mechanical moving part for pressure generation of fluid transfer, and phase change (evaporation
Effectively utilizing the volume change, pressure change, or the directionality of the pressure drop when flowing through a narrow gap, which occurs with the condensation), and stores the fluid from the low-pressure side fluid storage area to the high-pressure side fluid storage area. It is to provide a method of generating pressure for the flow of fluid to an area.

[0004]

The first fluid transfer pressure generating method of the present invention for solving the above problems should be transferred.
Low-pressure side fluid storage area where fluid exists and that fluid is transferred
The high-pressure side fluid storage area and the small
The chamber and the chamber are communicated with each other through a narrow gap flow path,
Periodic phase change of evaporation / condensation of fluid in the small chamber
And the fluid in both channels above is positioned in synchronization with the phase change.
By periodically heating and cooling with a phase difference, small
When the fluid in the chamber evaporates, the small chamber and the high-pressure side fluid storage area
Between the small chamber and the low-pressure side fluid storage area.
It is smaller than the path resistance, and when the fluid in the small chamber condenses, the small chamber
The flow path resistance between the low pressure side fluid storage area and
To be smaller than the flow resistance between the fluid intake area and
The high pressure side flow from the low pressure side fluid containing area.
Generating pressure for fluid flow to the body containment area
It is characterized by the following.

A second fluid transfer pressure generating method according to the present invention
The method is a low-pressure side fluid storage area where the fluid to be transferred exists.
And the fluid containing area on the high-pressure side where the fluid is transferred,
Fluid through the flow path of the gap
Independent heating and cooling hands along the flow direction of
Line up at least three temperature control units with steps
In the temperature control section of the
By changing the temperature, the flow path for each temperature control unit
A periodic phase change of evaporation and condensation is given to the fluid flowing inside,
Due to this phase change, the low pressure side is higher than the high pressure side fluid storage area.
Pressure condition that causes the fluid to flow from the fluid storage area into the flow path
And the fluid containing area on the high pressure side rather than the fluid containing area on the low pressure side.
To generate a pressure state for flowing the fluid to
It is characterized by the following.

[0006]

In the small chamber located between the low-pressure side fluid containing area and the high-pressure side fluid containing area, the fluid undergoes a periodic phase change of evaporation / condensation and is synchronized with the phase change.
Periodically heating the fluid in the channels on both sides of the chamber with a phase difference
And cooling and, or at a plurality of temperature adjustment section along the flow path between the fluid accommodating area of the fluid accommodating area and the high-pressure side of the low pressure side,
When the temperature is cyclically changed by giving a phase difference to each other, the pressure for the fluid flow from the low pressure side fluid storage area to the high pressure side fluid storage area is increased due to the directionality of the pressure drop in the flow path. Occur.

According to this method, no mechanical moving parts for the pressure generating fluid transfer, where produced in accordance with the phase change due to the periodic heating and cooling of the fluid, the volume change of the fluid, Effective use of pressure change or change in directionality of pressure drop when flowing through a narrow gap to generate pressure for fluid flow from low pressure side fluid storage area to high pressure side fluid storage area be able to.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is for explaining a first fluid transfer pressure generating method of the present invention. In this apparatus, a container 21 forming a low pressure side fluid containing area containing a fluid to be transferred is shown.
The container 22, which forms a high-pressure-side fluid storage area in which the fluid is transferred, and the small chamber 23 located between them are communicated with each other through channels 24 and 25 having narrow gaps. As the fluid to be transferred, it is desirable to use a fluid such as water, chlorofluorocarbon, ammonia, etc. that undergoes a phase change at a temperature close to room temperature.

In the small chamber 23, the heating device 26 and cooling by natural air cooling are used to give a periodic phase change of evaporation / condensation to the fluid. A forced cooling device may be used for cooling for condensing the fluid. The heating device 26 is controlled by a control device (not shown) to heat the fluid temperature Ta in the small chamber 23 so as to periodically fluctuate above and below the saturation temperature Ts at that pressure, as schematically shown in FIG. The fluid in the small chamber 23 is cooled by air cooling or a cooling device during the periodic heating. Further, in the channels 24 and 25 on both sides of the small chamber 23, a heating / cooling device 27 that heats and cools the fluid in the channels in synchronization with the phase change of the fluid in the small chamber 27.
By providing this heating / cooling device 27, the pressure drop of the flow of the fluid flowing in and out from the small chamber 23 through the flow paths 24, 25 is directed, and the symmetry of the pressure drop in the flow paths 24 and 25 is broken. ing.

Accordingly, when the chamber 23 of the fluid periodically heated and cooled, the fluid can give cyclic phase change of the evaporation and condensation, since a fast inflow and outflow speed of the fluid at chamber 23 associated therewith The influence of the directionality of the pressure drop in the flow paths 24 and 25 becomes remarkable. And small room 23
In synchronization with the phase change associated with heating and cooling of the
By periodically heating and cooling the fluid of 25 with a phase difference, when the fluid of the small chamber 23 evaporates, the flow path resistance between the small chamber 23 and the container 22 becomes small.
Is smaller than the flow passage resistance between the small chamber 23 and the container 21, and is smaller than the flow passage resistance between the small chamber 23 and the container 22 when the fluid in the small chamber 23 is condensed. Therefore, the low pressure side fluid storage area (container 2
It is possible to generate a pressure for the flow of fluid from 1) to the fluid containing area (container 22) on the high pressure side.

[0011] By repeating this way heating and cooling of the fluid evaporation and condensation and the passage 24, 25 of the chamber 23 of the fluid, effectively utilizing the directionality of the pressure drop in the flow path 24, a low pressure A pressure can be generated for the flow of fluid from the side fluid containment zone to the high pressure side fluid containment zone and the fluid can be transferred without mechanical drive parts.

FIG . 3 is for explaining the second fluid transfer pressure generating method of the present invention. In this device, a container 31 forming a low pressure side fluid containing area and a high pressure side fluid containing area are formed. With the container 32 forming the flow path through a narrow gap flow path 33, and at least three temperature adjusting portions 34, 35, 36 are arranged in parallel along the flow direction of the fluid in the flow path, and the respective temperature adjustments are performed. Independent heating / cooling means 34a, 35a, 36a are provided in the section. The heating / cooling means 34a, 35a, 36a are opened / closed by switches 34b, 35b, 3 controlled by a controller (not shown).
It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the heater is energized to heat by 6b and cooled by natural air cooling.

[0013] These temperature adjusting unit 34, 35,
By periodically changing the temperature with a phase difference between each other, each temperature control unit evaporates and evaporates in the fluid flowing in the flow path.
A cyclic phase change of condensation is applied, whereby the flow path 3
3 for generating a pressure for the flow of fluid from the low pressure side container 31 to the high pressure side container 32, and heating / cooling means 34a, 35a, 36 of their temperature control units.
For example, a is operated at the timing shown in FIG. The phase change that accompanies the operation of the heating / cooling means 34a, 35a, and 36a is caused by the pressure state in which the fluid flows from the fluid storage area on the low pressure side to the fluid storage area on the high pressure side and the fluid storage on the low pressure side. The pressure state for flowing the fluid toward the fluid containing area on the high pressure side of the area is periodically generated.

[0014] Incidentally, when such a structure is employed, heating and cooling means 34a, 35a, by changing the phase difference between operation of 36a, may be arbitrarily selected direction of fluid transport. Further, the smaller the cross-sectional area of the flow path 33 is, the more advantageous it is. Therefore, it is suitable for use in a seal and a micromachine described below.

[0015] Each method described above, but the can be used to transfer fluid from a container of the low pressure side to the container of the high pressure side is, of course, it can be suitably used for sealing of the fluid in the narrow flow passage. FIG. 5 exemplifies a case where the second method is used for a seal around a shaft. In this seal structure, a container 41 forming a low pressure side fluid storage area and a high pressure side fluid storage area are formed. The container 42 forming the
Through a flow path 45 having a narrow gap around the shaft 44, and a plurality of temperature control parts 46, 47, 48 are arranged in parallel along the flow direction of the fluid in the flow path 45. Independent heating and cooling means are provided. In the figure, 49 indicates a heat insulating material.

[0016] These temperature adjusting unit 46, 47, 48
Similar to the case described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, by periodically changing the temperature with a phase difference between each other, the fluid flowing in the flow path for each temperature control unit undergoes periodic evaporation / condensation. Phase change, thereby generating a pressure for the fluid flow from the low pressure side to the high pressure side in the flow path 45.

In the seal structure as shown in FIG . 5, when the shaft rotates, the structure as shown in FIG. 6 can be adopted. In this seal structure, in the device of FIG. 5, the plate-shaped heat-generating member 51 is arranged on the plane including the shaft 44 with the phase shifted around the shaft for each temperature adjusting unit, and The temperature control section is divided (FIG. 6), and both sides of the heat insulating material 51 are used as a heating section 52 and a cooling section 53.
In this case, it is not necessary to give a phase difference to each of the temperature adjusting units 46, 47 and 48 to change the temperature periodically,
The fluid in the flow path 45 is dragged by the surface of the rotating shaft and periodically passes through the heating section 52 and the cooling section 53 in accordance with the rotation of No. 5, so that the same function as in the case of periodically changing the temperature can be achieved. it can.

Further, in order to obtain an appropriate temperature distribution in the temperature adjusting section, each temperature adjusting section is provided with a shaft 44 as shown in FIG.
The heat insulating material 51 located on a plurality of planes including the area may be divided into a large number of regions, and these regions may be appropriately used as the heating unit 52 or the cooling unit 53, whereby an appropriate temperature distribution according to the shaft rotation speed is obtained. Can be obtained.

[0019]

According to the method of the present invention described in detail above,
It does not have a mechanical moving part for pressure generation of fluid transfer, but it changes volume of fluid, pressure change, or through a narrow gap, which occurs with phase change due to periodic heating and cooling of fluid. By effectively utilizing the directionality of the pressure drop when flowing, it is possible to generate the pressure for the flow of the fluid from the low pressure side fluid storage area to the high pressure side fluid storage area.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining details of a first method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph schematically showing a mode of controlling the temperature of a fluid in a small chamber of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining details of a second method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph schematically showing a control mode of a temperature of a fluid in a flow path of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration when the second method of the present invention is applied to a shaft seal.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the temperature adjusting unit in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration example of the temperature control unit in the apparatus of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

23 small chambers, 24, 25, 33, 45 channels, 26
Heating device, 27 Heating / cooling device, 34, 35,
36 temperature control part, 34a, 35a, 36a heating / cooling means, 46, 47, 48 temperature control part.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A low-pressure-side fluid storage area in which a fluid to be transferred is present, and a high-pressure-side fluid storage area in which the fluid is transferred,
The small chambers located between them are communicated with each other through narrow flow passages, and in the small chambers, a periodic phase change of evaporation / condensation is given to the fluid, and the two flows are synchronized with the phase change. By periodically heating and cooling the fluid in the passage with a phase difference, when the fluid in the small chamber evaporates, the flow path resistance between the small chamber and the high-pressure side fluid storage area is The flow path resistance between the small chamber and the low pressure side fluid storage area is smaller than the flow path resistance between the small chamber and the low pressure side fluid storage area when the fluid in the small chamber is condensed. A method for generating fluid transfer pressure by phase change, characterized in that the pressure for fluid flow from the low-pressure side fluid storage area to the high-pressure side fluid storage area is generated. 2. A low-pressure-side fluid storage area in which a fluid to be transferred is present and a high-pressure-side fluid storage area in which the fluid is transferred are communicated with each other through a flow path having a narrow gap. At least three temperature control sections having independent heating and cooling means are arranged in parallel along the flow direction, and the temperature control sections periodically change the temperature with a phase difference between them. This causes a periodic phase change of evaporation / condensation to the fluid flowing in the flow path for each temperature control unit, and this phase change causes the fluid flow inside the flow path from the fluid storage area on the low pressure side to the fluid storage area on the high pressure side. A phase change characterized by periodically generating a pressure state in which a fluid flows in and a pressure state in which a fluid flows toward a high-pressure side fluid storage area rather than a low-pressure side fluid storage area. Fluid transfer pressure generation method.