JP2673209B2 - Vibration compaction method and equipment for upper layer of ground - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Purpose of the Invention <Industrial field of application> The present invention is efficient and economical in the upper layer number m of the ground.
And device for compacting to desired state while holding
About. Here, the upper layer of the ground is the upper layer of the original ground.
In addition to the above, it also includes the upper layer of the ground newly created by reclamation.
Shall be considered. <Prior art> Conventional compaction technology for the upper layer of the ground, such as a compaction roller
There is a method of using. Compaction effect by this kind of machine
The fruit is only a few tens of centimeters underground, so
To create a compacted ground, sand (soil
(Sand) is removed, the surface is compacted, and compaction of all sections is compacted.
When the process is finished, return to the first process, add sand again, and roll it.
The pressing process is repeated, which is not sufficient for efficient operation of construction.
There is a place to open. In addition, as a compaction technology for deep ground, a long central cable is used.
So-called sand is used to create compacted sand piles using singing.
The compaction pile method or the long rod is vibrated.
While penetrating into the ground and compacting deep layers, so-called rot
The decompaction method is known. By the way, the compaction effect of this type and construction method is
In addition, there is a large constraint pressure related to the soil pressure of the ground.
It is effective for the ground, but the upper layer, for example, the ground of about 2 m underground
In compacting, the binding pressure is small, so
It is difficult to perform compaction. <Problems to be solved by the invention> By adopting the deep ground compaction method described above,
Even if it is hardened, its effect is not
It is often difficult to reach the upper ground at a depth of a few meters underground
No. By the way, according to the known compaction method of the upper layer of the ground,
Does the effect reach only a few tens of centimeters underground?
The deep compaction effect continuously up to the upper layer of the ground
In order to dig up to a depth of a few meters underground,
After the board is compacted by the conventional method, the surface of the required thickness is
Apply embankment and compact it by a well-known method.
The method of applying embankment on it and compacting it is repeated.
Return construction or replace constraining pressure in deep compaction method
We must prepare the means to produce the effect. And
Regardless of which method is used, efficient operation in construction
There are parts that are lacking. Therefore, the present invention has improved the above-mentioned problems inherent in the conventional construction method.
Good, construction efficiency for compaction up to a few meters above the ground
And enables optimal compaction construction for the ground.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration compaction method and device.
Things. (B) Configuration of the Invention <Means for Solving Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is described below.
Consists of configuration requirements. (1) A vibrator is mounted on the upper part of the tamper plate, and
By transmitting the operation of the vibrator to the ground through the plate
While vibration compacting the upper layer of the ground,
Sequentially move to compact the ground over the entire specified section
In the construction method to be performed, the vibrating force is applied to the vibrating machine: tens to hundreds
10 tons, acceleration: several g, vibration frequency: several tens of Hz
Adopted and the tamper plate is suspended.
Each time the plate is grounded, it is vibrated and compacted.
While scanning the whole section, when moving the plate
At least part of the already compacted ground is always
Put it under the tamper plate at the planned position.
Up to a few meters underground by inducing rate
The upper layer of the ground characterized by compaction of the ground layer at once
Vibration compaction method for parts. (2) A vibrator is mounted on the tamper plate,
By transmitting the operation of the vibrator to the ground through the plate
While vibration compacting the upper layer of the ground,
Sequentially move to compact the ground over the entire specified section
In the construction method to be performed, the vibrating force is applied to the vibrating machine: tens to hundreds
10 tons, acceleration: several g, vibration frequency: several tens of Hz
Adopt and move the plate along the ground surface
At this time, at least a part of the already compacted ground is always
Put it under the tamper plate at the planned position.
By inducing rate, land up to several meters underground
The upper layer of the ground, characterized by compaction of the ground layer at once
Vibration compaction method. (3) Tamper plate with multiple protrusions on the ground surface
By this, compaction of the ground layer up to several meters underground
The upper layer of the ground according to the above (1)
Vibration compaction method for parts. (4) Tamper plate with multiple protrusions on the ground surface
By this, compaction of the ground layer up to several meters underground
Of the upper layer of the ground according to the above (2)
Vibration compaction method. (5) Ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or the above
On the ground directly below the plate, the characteristics of the compacted ground and soil and
And the soil / soil is most effective depending on the water content at that time.
The amount of water determined to have the optimum water content ratio that is easy to compact
Sprinkle water or / and water injection before tampering or
According to item (1) above, which is applied by performing the work.
Vibration compaction method for the upper layer of the ground. (6) Ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or the above
On the ground directly below the plate, the characteristics of the compacted ground and soil and
And the soil / soil is most effective depending on the water content at that time.
The amount of water determined to have the optimum water content ratio that is easy to compact
Sprinkle water or / and water injection before tampering or
According to item (2) above, which is applied along with construction.
Vibration compaction method for the upper layer of the ground. (7) Ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or the above
On the ground directly below the plate, the characteristics of the compacted ground and soil and
And the soil / soil is most effective depending on the water content at that time.
The amount of water determined to have the optimum water content ratio that is easy to compact
Sprinkle water or / and water injection before tampering or
According to the above (3), which is applied along with the construction.
Vibration compaction method for the upper layer of the ground. (8) Ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or the above
On the ground directly below the plate, the characteristics of the compacted ground and soil and
And the soil / soil is most effective depending on the water content at that time.
The amount of water determined to have the optimum water content ratio that is easy to compact
Sprinkle water or / and water injection before tampering or
The method according to the above (4), which is applied along with the construction.
Vibration compaction method for the upper layer of the ground. (9) A vertical line passing through the center of the vibrator mounted above
The center of the ground plane of the damper plate does not match, or
Is the vibration direction of the vibrator inclined with respect to the ground plane?
Or the vibration phase of the pair of exciting eccentrics that compose the vibrator is
Use tamper plates that are different from each other
Towed by an inch or mounted on a self-propelled vehicle
Therefore, the tamper should be guided along the ground surface.
And a vibration compaction device for the upper layer of the ground. <Operation> A large-capacity vibrator, for example, on the tamper plate
Excitation force is from several tens tons to one hundred and several tens tons, acceleration from several g to 10 g, vibration
Moving number, tens of H _Z , With a virtual swing of 10 mm to 20 mm
By doing so, compaction construction with a low center of gravity and a sense of stability is possible
In addition, activate the tamper at a predetermined position to compact it.
After that, move the tamper horizontally for a predetermined length and tamper again.
Either operate it or lift the tamper and move it horizontally for a specified length.
After that, lower it to the surface of the earth and operate it again at that position.
When compacting the ground, in the latter compaction position
Always keep part of the ground covered by the tamper plate.
By making it a compaction ground,
Has difficulty in exerting up to several tens of cm underground by one construction.
Exerts the compaction effect of the ground on the basis of the number m of upper layers of the ground
I was able to do it. At that time, a plurality of protrusions are provided on the grounding surface of the tamper plate.
If provided, it is possible to concentrate the load only on the tip of the protrusion.
The ground compaction effect per unit ground contact area increases,
The compaction effect extends to the deep part of the
Effective in compacting by stepping on. Also, it has strong adhesiveness
In the case of soil, protrusions penetrate into the soil and resist soil compaction.
Shearing the frictional force to dissipate the pore water pressure in the soil
Facilitates compaction of. In the above construction, the water content of the soil to be compacted
Depending on the condition, the compaction resistance against the tamper changes.
And the density of soil obtained by constant compaction energy
It is known that there are different things. That is, the soil content
Since the compaction effect depends on the water ratio, it is generally
Moisture condition of the soil (optimum content) to maximize the compaction effect
(Water ratio) exists, so the ground should be poured before or during construction.
It is constant if it is watered and compacted with the optimum water content ratio.
Maximum compaction effect for compaction energy
be able to. The tamper guide moves vertically up and down to land.
In addition to moving or hoisting to move in the construction area, self-propelled vehicle
I tie it to both with a wire and pull it horizontally to move it,
With a stationary winch, towing or itself
By installing in a self-propelled vehicle,
It moves all around, but it is a self-propelled vehicle for tamper guidance
If both are used, the above-mentioned water injection, sprinkling, or water discharge
Steps, water volume adjustment means, water tank, etc. on the side of the self-propelled vehicle
Can be mounted on the
If it is activated, it is always compacted according to the construction position.
Will be able to water. Thus, the above-mentioned construction method is used to compact the upper layer of the ground.
To do this, divide all the areas to be compacted and
Performs compaction construction and scans all areas sequentially
A construction method that affects the other side edge, along with the outer peripheral side of the planned area
Compaction, and select the construction method that sequentially affects the inner area.
You can choose. For the former, the
Since the area is clear, compaction operation of the adjacent area
To the already compacted end area while
It becomes possible to remove sand from the sand, and in the latter case
Is accompanied by ground improvement because compaction starts from the outer peripheral area.
The displacement to the surrounding area can be reduced. <Examples> Examples of the method of the present invention and the same method were carried out below.
Specific examples of machines and equipment used for
However, these embodiments are merely specific examples.
Of the technical requirements of the present invention.
It should not be understood to be limited. (Part 1) FIG. 1 shows the vibro used for the construction method of the present invention.
The basic form of the tamper is shown. (A) is the front of the tamper.
In the figure, 1 is a tamper plate, 2 is a plate contact
At the center of the upper surface of the ground through the mounting part 3.
The vibrator 4 is installed. 5 is the entire vibro tamper
And a shock absorber inserted between the hanging wire 6 and
The shock absorber 7 on one side of the tamper plate 1 in the lateral direction.
A pull wire extends through. The vibrator 4 is of a biaxial or biaxial eccentric weight type.
The vibration force is from tens of tons to hundreds of tens of tons, and the frequency is from tens of H _Z Tentative
The feeling width is 15 to 25 mm, and the virtual acceleration is about 5 to 10 g.
I usually use an electric motor to drive this
Shake. The vibro tamper tightens the ground plane 2 of its plate 1.
Place it on the solid construction ground, and use the above-mentioned vibrator 4 with an electric motor.
If driven by the
Speed presses the ground / soil through the tamper plate 1
And compact the ground in the area in contact with plate 1 downward.
Act. The shock absorber attached to each wire is
When moving the tamper while the
Even if the wire is strained, it absorbs the vibration,
Installed so that vibration is not transmitted to other equipment directly through the wire.
It was scraped off. (B) to (e) show one embodiment of the method of the present invention.
(B) is a plan view of the tamper plate,
・ Provides an area of width a × b, P _(i , _j) Is the closing
Indicates the consolidation center point. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), (i) The planned compaction position is a tamper of size a × b.
After compacting with, pull the tamper in the specified length x-axis direction
Then, perform the compaction operation again at that position. (Ii) When the tamper is compacted at the specified position, tamper
The tamper after suspending it and moving it in the x-axis direction for the specified length.
Bottom and re-compact at that position. Repeat the intermittent operation described in (i) or (ii) above
However, in order to construct the full width area B to be compacted,
As shown in (d), the compaction area is set to 1 in the first stage.
While wrapping the second row in the x-axis direction by b / 2 minutes [P ₍₁ , ₁₎ , P
₍₂ , ₁₎ ...... P _(n , ₁₎ ] Install. This allows the same place
Compact twice. In the second row, set the tamper to the y-axis
In the state of being staggered, shift by b / 2 minutes and move in the x-axis direction
〔P _(n , ₂₎ , P _(n-1 , ₂₎ ...... P ₍₁ , ₂₎ ] To compaction
You. In this way, the m-th row is also constructed in the same way,
The work is completed (finally P _(n , _m) Or P _n , ₁₎ ]. In the first stage, the amount of movement of the tamper in the x-axis direction
If the tamper width b is moved without tape
The corners and compacted ground will come loose again, but in this embodiment, b /
Since only 2 is lapped, the part that was previously compacted should be loose.
I don't have it. The lap width of the amount of movement of the tamper is
Of course, it is not necessarily limited to b / 2. As mentioned above, the same place was compacted twice only in the first stage.
And Compaction can be stopped only in the first stage
No. In the above construction method, there is a gap between compaction of the ground and movement in the x-axis direction.
I tried to do it intermittently alternately, but besides that, the tamper
While compacting the ground by using the
Even if the tamper is continuously moved by the construction method,
The action and effect can be expected. FIG. 1 (e) shows the second stage construction method, which is
After the first stage construction is completed, the same place is compacted again.
The construction method is to install from the side opposite to the first stage. Figure
P as shown _(n , _m) Starting from, the mth row is constructed by shifting it in the x-axis direction by b minutes.
〔P _(n , _m) , P _(n-1 , _m) ...... P ₍₁ , _m) ], The m-1th column is left as it is while being shifted by a in the y-axis direction
Construction in the state [P ₍₁ , _m-1) , P ₍₂ , _m-1) ...... P _(n , _m-1) ] Thus, the first row is also constructed in the same manner, and with the above, the predetermined width construction is completed.
Completed (P at the end ₍₁ , _n) Or P ₍₁ , ₁₎ ]. In the second stage, it was already compacted in the first stage
There is no worry about loosening the tamper without having to move it.
Absent. (Part 2) FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the method of the present invention.
(A) is the first stage construction, and
Without lining up the rows [(P ₍₁ , ₁₎ , P ₍₂ , ₂₎ , P
₍₃ , ₁₎ ...... P _(n , ₁₎ ] Install. In the second stage, as shown in (b),
Pair two of the unit compaction areas in one stage
And then lap each one, for example on the second stage
Tamper plate compaction center point P in ₍₁ , ₂₎ Is the
P in one stage ₍₁ , ₁₎ On the other hand, it is b / 2 minutes in the x-axis direction
Squeeze and perform compaction respectively to win the rabbit and loosen
Re-compact the first stage compaction ground
Then, the first row compaction is completed. For the second and subsequent rows of compaction, repeat the same steps as the first row.
By returning it, the compaction of the ground of a predetermined width is completed.
Therefore, the method of this embodiment necessarily requires two stages. (C) shows another embodiment, and in this case, the first
For stage compaction, first row, second row ... (a)
As shown in, there is no gap between them and no gap
After applying, tamper unit compaction in the second stage
The packing area is the packing area of the unit in the first stage.
The work is done by shifting the arrangement so that it can be lapped on the four sides. You
Nachi, P of the first stage ₍₁ , ₁₎ Against the second stage
P ₍₂ , ₁₎ Are b / 2 minutes in the x-axis direction and a / in the y-axis direction.
Shift and compact for 2 minutes. Even in the case of the construction method of this embodiment, be sure to construct up to the second stage.
Need to. (Part 3) (i) Referring to Fig. 3 (a), the width performed by the above-mentioned construction method
B is divided into all the compaction areas, and one is separated from the other.
Is the compaction area clear already in the construction method facing toward
, While simultaneously compacting the adjacent area,
New sand removal work is possible. (Ii) With the construction method described above, referring to FIG.
The width B is divided from the outer peripheral area of the entire area in order toward the inner area.
The construction method is performed from one side along the outer circumference.
In addition to the effect of,
Minimize ground displacement to the surrounding area due to consolidation and improvement.
Can be. (Part 4) FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show the tools used in the method of the present invention.
An example of the grounding surface 2 of the damper plate 1 is shown.
(A) is a partial front view and (b) is a bottom view.
In the figure, 8 is a cylindrical projection that stands upright on the ground contact surface 2.
The mounting position of the individual protrusions 8 is
Are scattered and fixed on the ground plane 2 in a grid pattern. This ba
The ibro tamper has a protrusion 8 attached to the ground surface 2 of the plate 1.
As compared with flat plate tamper, unit grounding area
Compaction energy per hit is large, and compaction against the ground
Power increases. Also, if there is a next compaction layer, etc.
Familiarity between each layer is good. Distribution of the projections 8 on the ground plane
Does not matter whether it is rhombic or triangular.
No. (No. 5) Fig. 5 also shows a modified example of the grounding surface of the vibro tamper.
(A) is a front (side) view, and (b) is
It is a bottom view. In the case of this example, the outer shape of the protrusion 8 is a pyramid shape.
However, the other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment (that
Since it is the same as the one described in 1), its explanation is omitted.
I do. (No. 6) FIG. 6 shows another modified example.
Is a front (side) view, and (b) is a bottom view.
Arrange the trapezoidal base recesses 10 on the lower surface of the tamper in a grid pattern,
As a result, the relatively convex shape is formed on the grid strip.
is there. The shape of the recessed portion 10 in FIG.
-A line cross section is shown. Although not shown, the recess 10
If you penetrate the upper side of the tamper 1,
While operating the par to compact the ground,
It is possible to supply sand etc. to the compacted construction surface. (No. 7) FIG. 7 shows another modified example, in which (a) is positive.
A side view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a bottom view. Real truth
In the example, the protrusions form ribs 11 and, accordingly,
A groove 12 is formed between the lugs 11 and 11 and is oriented in the shape of the ground plane 2.
Gender is given. This form of tamper is gradually horizontal
Compact the ground while moving or letting it move.
It is suitable for Also, do not move during compaction construction, and move each time it is finished.
When moving, the direction of rib 11 or groove 12 is the direction of movement
There is a convenience to give sex. (Part 8) FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show the tare used in the method of the present invention.
Other modifications of the damper, each of which (a)
Is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a bottom view.
8 In the tamper shown, the cross section of the rib-shaped projection is
An isosceles triangle with corners, which in Figure 9 is rounded down
To form a semi-circular or arc-shaped protrusion. These are all as described in the example (part 7).
Exerts the action and effect of. (Part 9) The tamper shown in FIGS. 10 (a), (b) and (c)
Is a modification of the embodiment (part 4), in which the pyramidal protrusions
All the mounting angles of the boot 9 to the ground plane 2 are tilted in one direction.
Inclination or the angle of the vertical angle can be set in one direction
It has been changed. With this form of tamper,
Upon the vibration compaction of the ground, a horizontal movement force naturally occurs,
It becomes easy to move the tamper together. (Part 10) FIG. 11 shows a modification of the tamper of the embodiment (part 2).
(A) is a front view, and (b) is a schematic view of the structure.
So, in short, the tamper is equipped with the upper and lower drive mechanisms 13.
A rate 14 is provided and is installed on the plate through the ground plane 2.
Fix the base of the placed protrusion 8 and tap the protrusion 8 if necessary.
It is also possible to retract from the damper grounding surface 2.
It is. The upper and lower drive mechanisms 13 are not hydraulic devices.
It is preferable to use it. When compacting with this type of tamper,
If you raise it, the compaction force will increase, and when moving
If the projection is retracted, sliding resistance will be reduced and it will be moved as it is.
It is convenient for Also, as another usage method, (i) Do not project or retract the protrusions during compaction without considering horizontal movement.
By repeating it, new
Gives a compaction effect. (Ii) When considering compaction without considering horizontal movement,
It is possible to gradually change the appearance rate of protrusions according to the passage of time.
With and, the compaction stage according to each degree is obtained. (Iii) Considering horizontal movement, changing the protrusion / retraction rate
Then, the magnitude of the horizontal movement component force can be changed. (Part 11) Because the compaction resistance changes depending on the water content of the soil,
The soil density obtained for a given compaction energy is not included.
It is known to change depending on the water rate. FIG.
It shows a general compaction characteristic curve of soil, with water content on the x-axis.
The ratio and the dry density are taken on the y-axis. According to the same curve,
Maximum density of soil particles for a given compaction energy
It can be seen that there is a water content ratio of This water content state
The proper water content ratio and the density at that time are called the maximum dry density. did
Therefore, water should be poured during compaction to ensure that the soil has an optimum water content ratio.
If compacted in a state, the
The maximum compaction effect will be achieved. FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of water injection means for that purpose.
Then, install the water injection device 15 in a place different from the vibro tamper 11.
It is provided. In this case, pull the tamper
The water injection device 15 is installed on the side of the self-propelled vehicle 16 and
Is it above the ground surface before compaction with the bro tamper 1?
From the water. It can be done by moving the tamper
However, it is also possible to spray water at the planned position in parallel with compaction.
it can. The sprinkling time and sprinkling amount include the characteristics of the soil to be compacted and the
Determined by taking into consideration the water condition, particle size, water impermeability, etc. In the compaction material
Perform compaction under conditions that approach the optimum water content ratio.
The effect can be increased. Also, the above means
May cause a failure such as clogging of the nozzle 17 when pouring water.
Without that, prepare a water injection device with plenty of room as a whole
It is possible. (Part 12) FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (e) show that the water injection means 15 is a vibrotan.
In each specific example provided on the par 1 side, (a) is a bypass
The tamper itself is equipped with water injection means 15
Water can be sprayed from the hollow to the ground surface in the direction of travel
It is like that. Its action and effect are in Example (11)
It is the same as described. In (b), the water injection nozzle 17 is provided at the bottom of the tamper.
Using special notes, cut out part of what opened on its side
The front view of this type shows this type directly on the compacting material.
It is possible to inject water, so consider the sprinkling time
It is not necessary to do this, and only control the watering amount. Also,
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of troubles in which the clogs are clogged. 14th
Figure (c) shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view, in which 1 is a tag
Bumper, 8 is a protrusion protruding from the grounding surface of the tamper, and 18 is a protrusion.
A water injection nozzle that opens on the side wall of the riser 8
The water tank installed in the
It is connected to Ip 19. In addition, all the construction methods explained so far are
If the water content of the soil does not exceed the optimum water content, that is,
I have only described when water injection is required, but the state of construction
However, depending on the situation, the opposite case is also possible. Long rain
Immediately afterwards, work on compaction of poorly drained ground etc.
In case of, absorb or dehydrate from the material with high water content
Therefore, it is preferable to approach the optimum moisture content of the compaction material.
New In this case, prevent clogging of the nozzle 18 of the water injection means.
By adding materials etc. and connecting this to the water absorption device,
The excess water contained in the soil is eliminated and the compaction effect is increased.
It is possible to 14 (d) and 14 (e) are directly on the ground plane 2 of the tamper,
It shows a concrete example of opening the water injection nozzle 18, (d)
Is an overall front view showing a part of it by cutting away, (e) is
It is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view, in which 2 is the contact of the tamper.
Ground, 18 is a taper nozzle, 19 is a supply that communicates with the nozzle 18.
It is a water pipe. If you also use this type of water injection means in reverse
In the case of (b) above, it can be used as a water absorbing means.
Is equivalent to Regarding the action and effect,
As it was explained in the section 11), do not repeat the explanation.
No. (No. 13) Fig. 15 shows the vibro tamper at the time of ground compaction construction.
An example of a method of horizontally moving by another driving device will be shown. So
(A) uses a self-propelled vehicle 16 such as Dozer Sjobel
With or without the shock absorber 7,
Tow or push with a boom. At that time,
A shock absorber 7 is required when pulling the damper while vibrating it.
Yes, but pull only when the vibration of the tamper is stopped
If so, a shock absorber will be unnecessary. The (b) is based on the winch 20 installed at an appropriate place.
The wire with or without the bumper 7.
Shows the method of pulling with. Buffer in this case
The utility of the machine 7 is similar to that described in the embodiment (1).
You. When using the above construction method, tamper compaction
The efficiency can be improved and the desired position for construction can be reliably maintained.
Be held. (Part 14) In Figures 16 (a) to (f), the tamper itself vibrates.
With a mechanism that generates lateral thrust by
Show. However, to ensure that the moving position is retained,
It is desirable to use the construction method described in (13) together. (A) is a front view of the vibro tamper,
In the figure, the mounting position of the vibrator 4 is l from the tamper center axis.
They are installed in a staggered manner. This form of vibro tamper
-To the right of the tamper contact surface 2 due to the vibration of the vibrator 4.
Is easily floated, and as a result, it is easy to move to the right in the figure. (B) is a modification of (a) above, and shows the mounting position of the vibrator 4.
Is a variable displacement amount l.
Use the mechanism to manually or automatically attach to the same position.
By enabling locking or unlocking, l = 0 position
Tamper is mainly compacted with, and after compaction l = l
To make it easier to move the tamper.
You. (C) shows the mounting angle of the vibrator 4 with respect to the tamper,
Vertical position θ ₁ Only the one that is tilted is shown. Illustrated
In this case, the component force of the compaction reaction force from the surface acts on the tamper.
Then, thrust is generated to move horizontally rightward. (D) is a modification of (c) above, and is the vibration against the tamper.
Mounting angle θ of motive 4 ₁ Can be changed manually or automatically
The means is shown. A tamper of this form θ ₁ =
0 for compaction and θ for horizontal movement ₁ = Θ
By doing so, the moving speed can be adjusted. sand
Wha, θ ₁ Various construction methods can be implemented by adjusting
You. (E) is an inclination θ on the ground plane of the tamper itself ₂ Established
Show things. This embodiment is broadly modified from that described in (c).
In terms of shape, there is almost no difference in action and effect.
In this type, especially the compaction surface is inclined such as the embankment slope.
It is advantageous for construction when (F) is provided in the vibrator 4 of the vibro tamper.
Set the eccentric mounting angle of the pair of left and right vibration eccentrics to the other
And θ ₃ Only the one displaced is shown. Of the eccentric in the vibrator
The mounting angle is usually left and right symmetrical and based on that rotation
Vibration is adjusted so that it only occurs in the upper and lower directions.
However, in this example, the balance is lost and
Directional vibration is also generated, so the tamper is grounded
The friction force between the surface and the ground surface is cut off, which facilitates lateral movement.
You. (Part 15) The vibro tamper shown in Fig. 10 also uses water by itself.
It is explained in the embodiment (No. 9) that horizontal thrust is generated.
Please refer to it as it was revealed. (No. 16) Fig. 17 moves the vibro tamper vertically.
It shows an example of means, cranes and similar self-propelled vehicles
Both with or without the shock absorber 5
The par is hung from the surface and set to the bottom.
You. In the figure, 1 is a tamper, 4 is a vibrator, and 5 is a shock absorber.
Then, the vibro tamper is moved by the arm 21 of the crane.
After being hung vertically by the ears,
The vibro tamper method of the present invention by moving and bottoming
Are being implemented. (No. 17) FIGS. 18 (a) and (b) are different from the embodiment (No. 14).
The method of moving the tamper by means of Same hand
The main subject of the Dan is the actual public application filed by the applicant earlier.
Sho-50-12161 Traveling equipment for construction equipment (Registration No. 1113569)
It is a utility model), and a vibrator is installed in the proper place of the device to move up and down.
Change the free grounding board to a tamper and use it as the vibrator.
The method of the present invention can be easily carried out if it is remodeled to be connected.
Can be. Also, use the above traveling device only for traveling
In addition to lifting the vibro tamper separately and letting it bottom,
It is also possible to make a horizontal movement. Note that (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view. (C) Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention,
In this way, the relatively soft ground can be maintained efficiently and economically.
The soil is compacted to the desired quality over a few meters below ground all at once.
Improvements can be made.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the method of the present invention and a basic form of a vibro tamper used for construction. (A) is a front view of the tamper, (B) to (e) show each embodiment of the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the method of the present invention. (A) shows only the first stage, (b), (c) ) Is the first and second stage construction state. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the procedure for the entire compaction area.
The (a) shows a construction method in which the scanning is sequentially performed from one side, and the (b) shows a procedure schematic diagram in which the work is performed in a spiral shape from the outer periphery to the center. 4 to 6 show examples of the tamper plate of the vibro tamper used in the method of the present invention, in which (a) is a partial front (side) view, (b) is a bottom view, and FIG.
FIG. 10 to FIG. 10 are also other embodiments of the tamper plate, in which (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a bottom view. FIG. 11 is a modification of the tamper shown in FIG. 4, in which (a) is a front (side) view,
(B) is a schematic view of the cross-sectional mechanism, FIG. 12 is a general soil compaction characteristic curve, and FIG. 13 is a tamper transfer and water injection means incidental to the method of the present invention, which is used to draw the water injection device. Fig. 14 shows a vehicle equipped with water injection means on the vibro tamper side. Fig. 14 (a) is a self-propelled vehicle for pulling the tamper, (d), (c) and (d). ) And (e) are tamper front views and partially enlarged cross-sectional views, respectively, partially cut away, FIG. 15 (a),
16 (b) is a means for moving a vibro tamper, and FIGS. 16 (a) to 16 (f) are deformations of a tamper of a type that moves or facilitates movement by utilizing vibration of the vibro tamper itself. Example, FIGS. 17 and 18 (a),
(B) shows another means for moving the tamper. 1 ... Tamper plate, 2 ... Ground plane, 3 ... Mounting part, 4 ... Vibrator, 5, 7 ... Shock absorber, 6 ... Suspension wire, 8 ... Cylindrical protrusion, 13 ... Upper and lower drive mechanism, 14 …… Plate.

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Koichiro Yamaguchi               15-33 Shimoyama-cho, Furukawa (72) Terutsu Horikoshi, inventor               2-13-147-201 Sakuratsutsumi, Musashino City (72) Inventor Kazunori Okuyama               2-3-3-37 Higashi Nakayama, Funabashi               203 (72) Inventor Toshihisa Taniguchi               1081-1 Higashiushiya, Sowa-machi, Sarushima-gun, Ibaraki (72) Inventor, Watanabe Charter               134-1 Yatsuka-cho, Soka-shi (72) Inventor Yasuhiko Inoue               9-10-6 Minamikamodai, Kamo-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto Prefecture (72) Inventor Shuji Isoya               2-10-52-303 Tsuruyamadai, Izumi City (72) Inventor Tokushi Kazunari               2-13-16 Shiroyama, Toin-cho, Inaben-gun, Mie Prefecture                (56) References JP-A-58-33609 (JP, A)                 Actual development Sho 60-154439 (JP, U)                 Actual development Sho 58-185631 (JP, U)                 Actual Development Sho 48-59303 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A vibrator is mounted on the upper part of the tamper plate, and by transmitting the operation of the vibrator to the ground through the plate, the plates are moved in sequence while vibration-compressing the upper layer of the ground, and the ground is spread over the entire predetermined section. In the method of compacting, a large-capacity device having an oscillating force of several tens to several hundreds + ton, an acceleration of several g, and a vibration frequency of several tens Hz is adopted for the vibrator, and the tamper plate is suspended. It is configured as a system, and every time the plate is grounded to the ground, vibration compaction is applied to scan all sections, while at the time of moving the plate, at least a part of the already compacted ground is always scheduled to be the next compaction. A method for vibrating and compacting an upper layer of the ground, wherein the ground layer up to several meters below the ground layer is compacted all at once by guiding the plate so that it is located below the tamper plate. 2. A vibrator is mounted on the upper part of the tamper plate, and by transmitting the operation of the vibrator to the ground through the plate, the plates are moved in sequence while vibration-compressing the upper layer of the ground, and the ground is spread over the entire predetermined section. In the construction method for compacting, a large-capacity device with an oscillating force of several tens to several hundreds of tons, an acceleration of several g, and a frequency of several tens of Hz is adopted for the vibrator, and along the ground surface. When moving the plate, at least a part of the existing compacted ground is always guided below the tamper plate at the next compaction position, so that the ground layer is compacted up to several meters below the ground. The vibration compaction method for the upper layer of the ground, which is characterized by applying all at once. 3. The method for vibration compaction of an upper layer of the ground according to claim 1, wherein the ground layer is compacted up to several meters underground by a tamper plate having a plurality of protrusions on the ground surface. . 4. The method for vibrating and compacting a ground upper layer portion according to claim 2, wherein the ground layer is compacted up to several meters underground by a tamper plate having a plurality of protrusions on the ground contact surface. 5. Depending on the characteristics of the compacted soil / soil and the moisture content at that time, on the ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or on the soil directly below the plate, the soil / soil can be most effectively compacted to the optimum moisture content ratio. The vibration compaction method for the upper layer of the ground according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water that has been determined so as to be sprayed and / or injected is applied before or after the tampering. 6. Depending on the characteristics of the compacted soil / soil and the moisture content at that time, on the ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or on the soil directly below the plate, the soil / soil can be most effectively compacted to the optimum moisture content ratio. The method for vibrating and compacting the upper layer of the ground according to claim 2, characterized in that the amount of water determined so as to be sprayed or / and poured is applied before or during the tampering. 7. Depending on the characteristics of the compacted soil / soil and the moisture content at that time, on the ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or on the soil directly below the plate, the soil / soil can be most effectively compacted to the optimum moisture content ratio. The method for vibrating and compacting the upper layer of the ground according to claim 3, wherein the amount of water determined so as to be watered and / or injected is applied before or in connection with the tampering. 8. Depending on the characteristics of the compacted soil / soil and the moisture content at that time, on the ground surface in the moving direction of the tamper plate or on the soil directly below the plate, the soil / soil can be most effectively compacted to the optimum moisture content ratio. The method for vibrating and compacting the upper layer of the ground according to claim 4, wherein the amount of water determined so as to be sprayed and / or injected is applied before or in association with the tampering. 9. The vertical line passing through the center of the vibrator mounted on the upper part does not match the area center of the ground plane of the tamper plate, or the vibration direction of the vibrator is inclined with respect to the ground plane, or The tamper plate, in which the vibration eccentrics have different vibration phases, is towed by a self-propelled vehicle or winch, or mounted on a self-propelled vehicle, so that the tamper is guided along the ground surface. A characteristic vibration compaction device for the upper layer of the ground.