JP2672410B2 - A method for compensating for the displacement of the lens of a 3D camera when printing a 2D master - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of compensating for the displacement of the lens of a three-dimensional camera when printing a two-dimensional original plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A lenticular screen type three-dimensional image is obtained by constructing a series of two-dimensional original images of an object photographed from various points of view on a lenticular print film.

Two-dimensional masters are projected sequentially or simultaneously through a lenticular screen to expose the photographic emulsion at the focal plane of the lenticule.

In order to obtain a single three-dimensional photograph composed of a plurality of two-dimensional original plates taken when the apparatus is arranged and arranged.
In addition, the two-dimensional original plate must be perfectly aligned.

US Pat. No. 4,800,407 discloses a three-lens camera for taking three-dimensional photographs.

NA Barius (N, A, Valy
us) "Stereoscope
y) ”(Focal Press
s), 1966), pages 199 to 203, a technique for simultaneously printing left and right images on a film is disclosed. Only one aggregated image from each 2D master is printed.

Dudley, "Applied Optics & Optical Technology"
optical Engineering "(Rudolf Kingslake
e), 1965), pages 114-116, disclose the movement of the lenticular screen and the intermittent exposure of each of the eight images recorded in the print.

Takanori Ogoshi, "Three-dimensional image technology" (1976)
, Pp. 71-88, discloses the use of several projectors to project an image onto an emulsion.

US Pat. No. 3,895,867 discloses a technique for recording an image on all film areas underneath a lenticule. This has been done by repeatedly turning off the projector lighting and intermittently moving the screen or film.

The following patent publications also disclose an early technique for forming a three-dimensional image. Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-5473 Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-607

US Pat. No. 4,120,562 discloses a method of scanning a projected image to fill the lenticule with the image. The configuration device disclosed in this U.S. patent is also configured to change the projection angle by a predetermined amount during scanning.

US Pat. No. 4,852,972 describes a third order method involving the use of very intense light in exposing the image band near the edge of the lens and the image band near the center of the lens. An improved method of printing an original image is disclosed. As a result, an image band having a density approximately equal to the widthwise density of the lenticule is obtained. One pixel can be generated in each image band area using the method disclosed in this US patent. However, the image quality of the three-dimensional image produced by this method is such that the two-dimensional master can be used to minimize overlay, or be disturbed by unexposed strips between aggregated individual images. Elevated by playing with a large number of aggregated individual images printed end-to-end under the lenticules of the lenticular print film. The method of this U.S. patent equalizes the density of images across the lenticule field, resulting in improved image quality.

US Pat. No. 4,468,115 discloses a projector in which the lamp house is moved continuously in order to prevent sudden movements due to rapid stops and starts. As a result of its successive scans, the images overlap considerably, which reduces the sharpness of the images.

US Pat. No. 4,101,210 discloses a method of avoiding the gap between adjacent aggregated images by using a plurality of projection lenses along a plurality of rows parallel to the lenticular lens. Has been done. This U.S. patent also shows parallel placement of the negatives in the projection process. Besides using a large number of projection lenses arranged in rows, the large number of negatives used in this method complicates the implementation of the method. This projection system using a large number of lenses is also disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,132,468.

[0015]

In order to take three-dimensional photographs that many consumers can purchase, it is desirable to manufacture three-dimensional cameras, which are very cheap automatic high speed printers. The problem in manufacturing cheap multi-lens 3D cameras is that the camera lens can be misaligned, and it is very difficult to keep the same relative position of each manufactured camera lens Is. Therefore, the relative position of the photographed subject on the two-dimensional master is not the same between sets of two-dimensional masters photographed by different cameras. The unpredictable position of the captured subject image on the film makes it impossible to automatically correlate the two-dimensional master for registration of the main subject image of the three-dimensional photograph. In order to minimize the problem of lens misalignment, it is desirable to construct all the lenses of a multi-lens 3D camera with one common support. Also, roll
The film was preloaded, exposed and then loaded with film
It is safe to send the camera as it is to the film processing station and process it.
It is also desirable to use a cheap camera. A camera like this
Is new when it is sent to the lab for film development.
It can be loaded and reused.

When the position of the lens of the multi-lens three-dimensional camera is deviated and the relative position of the lens is unknown, a map of each three-dimensional photograph from each two-dimensional original plate is photographed on each two-dimensional original plate. Correlation can be done by visually inspecting the position of the image or manually or mechanically adjusting the position of the magnifying lens or print material easel when printing each two-dimensional master. This method is very complicated, time consuming and unreliable
Mass production of 3D photographs for the general market is not practical.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for compensating for lens misalignment in a three-dimensional camera, which enables quick and reliable production of three-dimensional photographs at low cost.

[0018]

This objective is to: a. Exposing a first set of two-dimensional masters of film in a camera to a target at a predetermined distance; b. Projecting a first set of two-dimensional originals into a three-dimensional printer having an image processor to determine the X and Y coordinates of each image within the print plane of the three-dimensional printer; c. The X and Y coordinates of each projected image are input to the programmed microprocessor, and the displacement of the camera lens position on the X and Y coordinate axes of the printing of each original plate is compensated according to the instruction from the microprocessor. To this end, the process of automatically adjusting the relative print position of each subsequent two-dimensional original plate in each set of two-dimensional original plates to a desired position by the moving means, and further, ΔX is deviated from the position of the camera lens. The amount of adjustment required in the X coordinate axis direction to compensate for ΔY is the amount of adjustment required in the Y coordinate axis direction to compensate for the displacement of the camera lens position, and ΔT _X is the amount of displacement of the camera lens in the X coordinate axis direction. distance, [Delta] T _Y deviation distance of the position of the camera lens in the Y coordinate axis direction, a distance of D from the camera to the object, F camera Ren Distance between the back focal length, the image plane on the projection lens and the two-dimensional original sheet to R
Between the projection lens with respect to the separation U and the image surface of the print material
As an enlargement factor (V / U) represented by the ratio of the distance V of the microprocessor, (i) an equation for determining the amount of shift required in the X coordinate axis direction ΔX = ΔT _X (D + F) R / D, And (ii) a cubic in printing a two-dimensional master that is programmed to automatically adjust the position of the camera lens according to the formula ΔY = ΔT _Y (D + F) R / D that determines the amount of offset required in the Y coordinate axis direction. This is achieved by a method of compensating for the displacement of the lens of the original camera.

At the time of printing, one CCD in which the image of the subject on the first negative group is placed on the image surface of the printer
The images are projected sequentially or simultaneously on the sensor array or a corresponding number of CCD sensor arrays. The position of the CCD sensor array is pre-calibrated to project each subject image onto the designated sensor of each CCD array (ie, the center sensor of the CCD array) when the camera lens is properly aligned. It The individual sensors are pre-calibrated and a computer in the printer is programmed to recognize the new location of the misaligned projected object image. Image of subject is off center (due to camera lens misalignment) "specified"
When projected onto the sensor, the computer controls the printer motor to adjust the position of the two-dimensional original plate, the projection lens or the easel to re-center the image of the displaced object. Therefore, with the technology to detect the displacement of the camera lens position and the technology to calibrate the printer,
The two-dimensional masters are automatically correlated to register the captured images on each three-dimensional photograph taken on the same film roll or taken by the same camera. Manual correction of the captured image of each two-dimensional master is now unnecessary.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical system of a three-dimensional camera (a photographic film is preloaded), in which a first negative group is used for an object K at a predetermined distance D from the camera. Exposed. This corresponds to process a in claim 1.
I do. Here, D is a ideal shooting distance for the 3D photograph, there camera lens that have combined in advance focus. This camera is equipped with three lenses 11, 12, and 13 for photographing a subject K. The images K ′ ₁ , K ′ ₂ and K ′ ₃ of the subject are two-dimensional original plates 21, 22, 23.
Recorded in the appropriate place above. The distance S is the subject image K ′
_{It is} a relative distance between ₁ , K ′ ₂ and K ′ ₃ and is a function of T, F and D described below, and can be calculated by the following formula.

S = T (D + F) / D where S is the distance between the subject images of the adjacent two-dimensional originals, T is the distance between the camera lenses, D is the distance from the camera to the subject, and F is the camera. The back focal length of the lens.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an operation for printing. While all lenticules of print material are exposed simultaneously, FIG. 2 shows that only one lenticule 7 is exposed. When the print material 4 is placed at the correct position (projection angle) 101 (see FIG. 9A), the two-dimensional original plate 23 located below the lamp house 200 first passes through the projection lens 2 and the lenticule 7 of the print material 4 is passed. Is exposed to image band I ₃ of emulsion layer 5. When the two-dimensional original plate 23 moves in the direction of arrow 90 and the printing material 4 also moves in the direction of arrow 9, the two-dimensional original plate 22 causes the image band I of the emulsion layer 5 of the lenticule 7 to move.
The image band I ₂ following the _third image band is exposed (see (b) in the same figure). Further, the print material 4 advances in the direction of the arrow 9 to the position (projection angle) 103, the two-dimensional original plate 21 on the lower side of the lamp house 200 moves in the direction of the arrow 90, and the image band I ₂ next to the image band I ₂ is moved. ₁ is exposed (see FIG. 2C). In this way, all lenticules are filled and the construction of the three-dimensional image is completed.

FIG. 3 shows a method for calibrating the printing device.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a projection state of a subject image for the first two-dimensional original plate group on the CCD sensor array. The printer has a projection lens 2 and a two-dimensional original plate 21 having a subject image K ′ ₁ is projected on a central sensor 3C of a CCD sensor array 31 placed on a printing material 41. Image K _'1
Is K ″ ₁ and image K ′ ₂ is K ″ _2.
3 as K _"3, are respectively projected to the center C of the three CCD sensor array in total which are arranged on the printed material 41, 42, 43. In addition, we smell this process
And the determination of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate referred to in step b of claim 1.
Is performed.

FIG. 3 with two-dimensional master plates 21, 22, 23
The first group of photographs shown in is the three lenses 11, 12, 13
Are taken by the three lens cameras shown in FIG. 1 which are perfectly aligned. Therefore, the subject image K ′
₁ , K ′ ₂ , K ′ ₃ are exposed at appropriate places on the two-dimensional original plates 21, 22, 23, and projected object images K ″ ₁ ,
All CCD sensor arrays 31, 32, K ″ ₂ , K ″ ₃ pre-calibrated to the print material 41, 42, 43
It is projected at a right angle on the central sensor 3C of 33. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the position of the two-dimensional original plate, the projection lens, or the print material easel.

In FIG. 4, the position of the lens 11 is displaced,
Correspondingly, the recorded subject image K ′ ₁ also shows a multi-lens three-dimensional camera whose position is displaced on the two-dimensional original plate 21.

FIG. 5 shows a first object to be exposed by a multi-lens camera in which one lens is displaced.
2 shows a printer for projecting a two-dimensional original plate group. The position of the lens 11 of the camera for photographing the two-dimensional original plate 21 is displaced. Therefore, when the two-dimensional original plate 21 is projected onto the CCD sensor array 31, the subject image K ″ ₁ is not projected onto the central sensor 3C like the other two-dimensional original plate but the other sensor 5A. Projected on.

FIG. 6 illustrates calibration of the printing device by adjusting the print material easel to compensate for camera lens misalignment. It is assumed that the position of the lens 11 of the camera for photographing the two-dimensional original plate 21 is displaced as shown in FIG. Therefore, in order to print the master 21 on the print material 41, the center 3C of the print material easel is aligned with the sensor 5A to compensate for the misalignment of the camera lens 11 as shown in FIG. The easel needs to be moved to position 41A. As shown in FIG. 4, the lens 1 of the camera for photographing the two-dimensional original plates 22 and 23.
The positions of 2 and 13 are correct. Therefore, no adjustments are required for printing those masters. The print material easel is simply moved to the pre-calibrated X and Y coordinates of the print materials 42 and 43. In the case of print material 41, the print material easel is X
Moved left from C to A along the coordinate axis and 3 to 5 along the Y coordinate axis. The computer that makes this adjustment is not shown in this figure.

Alternatively, the center of the magnifying lens can be readjusted to compensate for the misalignment of the position of the lens 11 within the camera.

FIG. 7 shows a subject image K'of the two-dimensional original plate 21.
_The subject image K ″ ₁ projected from ₁ is the print material 4
Calibration of a printer that prints a two-dimensional master 21 to compensate for misalignment of the lens 11 of the camera shown in FIG. 4, as projected by the sensor 3C of the CCD array 31 of the print material easel in 1. Indicates the status.

In an additional method, the negative two-dimensional master can be moved to compensate for lens misalignment.

[0031] Figure 8, so that the subject image K _'1 the sensor 3C of the CCD array 31 of the print material easel in the print material 41 is projected, the deviation of the position of the lens 11 of the multi-lens shown in FIG. 4 2 shows the calibration state of the printing apparatus by adjusting the two-dimensional original plate 21 to compensate for the above.

Regardless of whether the two-dimensional negative master, magnifying lens or print easel is moved, it is coupled by a computer connected to the CCD array and position motor.

FIG. 11 shows the automatic position referred to as step c in claim 1 .
It is a figure for demonstrating the coefficient which needs to be determined in order to compensate the positional shift of the arbitrary lenses in a camera, in order to perform a position adjustment . The following equations can be used in a computer program to determine the extent to which the print material, magnifying lens, or negative must be moved to compensate for lens misalignment. A. An equation for determining the amount of deviation required in the X coordinate axis direction ΔX = ΔT _X (D + F) R / D and B. Formula for determining the amount of displacement required in the Y coordinate axis direction ΔY = ΔT _Y (D + F) R / D where ΔX is the amount of adjustment required in the X coordinate axis direction to compensate for the displacement of the camera lens position. , ΔY is the amount of adjustment required in the Y coordinate axis direction to compensate for the camera lens position shift, ΔT _X is the position shift distance of the camera lens in the X coordinate axis direction, and ΔT _Y is the camera lens Y coordinate axis direction. The distance of the positional deviation at, D is the distance from the camera to the subject, F is the rear focal length of the camera lens, and R is the distance between the projection lens and the image plane on the two-dimensional original plate with respect to the distance U between the projection lens and the print material. It is an enlargement ratio (V / U) represented by the ratio of the distance V to the image plane .

The above equation can be used to determine the amount of adjustment needed in the image plane of the printer to compensate for camera lens misalignment.

The CCD sensor determines the position of the projected image and utilizes the above equations to make the appropriate adjustments to compensate for lens misalignment.

FIG. 11 shows all of the coefficients required to compensate for camera lens position shifts by adjusting the print material on the image plane of the printer. As shown in FIG. 11, the image from the camera lens 11 has ΔY and Δ of the image plane in the print of the print material 41.
Only the adjustment of the amount of X is shown. The amount of this adjustment can be calculated by utilizing the equations A (and B) that can be programmed into the computer to compensate and move the print material to the correct position.

The positional shift of the camera lens can be adjusted by moving the negative original plate 21 photographed by the camera lens, which is the positional shift shown in FIG. The equation below can be used to determine the amount by which the negative master of the two-dimensional master 21 must be moved to compensate for the camera lens position shift. C. Amount of shift required in X-axis direction ΔS _X = ΔT _X (D + F) / D and D. Amount of deviation obtained in the Y-coordinate axis direction ΔS _Y = ΔT _Y (D + F) / D where ΔS _X is the distance by which the two-dimensional negative master plate is moved to compensate for the positional deviation of the camera lens in the X-coordinate axis direction, ΔS _Y Is the distance to move the two-dimensional negative master plate to compensate for the displacement of the camera lens in the Y coordinate axis direction.

Equations C and D are programmed into a computer that controls the negative carrier to move the distance ΔS _Y in the Y coordinate axis direction and the distance ΔS _{X in the} X coordinate axis direction to compensate for the displacement of the camera lens 11. it can.
The camera lens shown in FIG. 11 is displaced by the amounts ΔT _X and ΔT _Y.

FIG. 9 shows a printer in which the CCD array 31, 32, 33 can be placed in another plane 51, 52, 53 by utilizing a mirror or beam splitter 50. In this case, the light is a mirror or beam splitter 50.
And the corresponding image arrays 51 to 53 are arranged at the center positions of the print materials 41, 42 and 43. The image array is connected to a video switch 54, and the video switch 54 controls a motor via an image signal forming unit 55 to control a motor to move a negative master plate or a magnifying lens or a print easel to a correct position.
Connected to.

FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view and a plan view of a lens array for a three-dimensional camera. The lenses are molded as a single structure, and the camera lenses 11, 12,
The camera lenses are integrated in order to minimize the displacement of 13 positions. Each camera lens can be composed of a single element lens or a multi-element lens.

In using this apparatus, the two-dimensional negatives of the first group are not printed, and the two-dimensional original plate is automatically adjusted to align the position of the photographed subject in order to construct a high-quality three-dimensional photograph. Printer to determine the position shift of the camera lens of a multi-lens three-dimensional camera for the purpose of calibrating the position coordinates to the positions of various parts of the printer for positive correlation and to position the projected subject image. Is projected onto the image plane.

A computer or microprocessor can be used to make the necessary adjustments for misalignment. Computer or microprocessor and CCD
Eliminates the need to manually position the negative and magnifying lens to properly align the key subject matter of each flat master of the three-dimensional photograph to print each master by using sensors and positioning motors You can

[0043]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for compensating for lens displacement in a three-dimensional camera when printing a two-dimensional original plate, which enables a three-dimensional photograph to be produced quickly, highly reliably and inexpensively. Can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical system of a multi-lens camera preloaded with a program that is exposed to a predetermined subject at a certain distance from the camera.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a printing apparatus that prints a series of two-dimensional original plates by a three-dimensional multi-lens camera.

FIG. 3 is a view showing an image of a subject projected onto a designated center sensor of a CCD sensor array set on an image plane of a printer for detecting the position of the subject. Explanatory drawing when a position is correct.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in the case of a multi-lens camera in which the position of one lens is not aligned with each exposed subject on a negative whose position is displaced.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which one of the subject images is projected off the center of the CCD image sensor array, and a two-dimensional original plate exposed by a multi-lens camera in which the position of one camera lens is displaced is projected. Explanatory drawing of a printing apparatus.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a printing apparatus in which a misaligned object is detected by a computer and is positioned at the center by repositioning the easel of the printer.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a printing apparatus that realigns a magnifying lens when printing a two-dimensional original plate to compensate for a positional shift of a projected object and to re-center it.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a printing apparatus that compensates the positional deviation of a projected subject by adjusting the position of a two-dimensional original plate and re-centers it.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a printing device in which CCD sensors are set on different planes and reflected by a mirror or a beam splitter.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view of a camera lens assembly of a multi-lens camera in which all lens elements are molded as a common structure.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of compensating for a positional shift of a projected subject in a print operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 7 Lenticular 11, 12, 13 Camera lens 21, 22, 23 Two-dimensional original plate 31, 32, 33 Sensor array 41, 42, 43 Print material

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A. Exposing a first set of two-dimensional masters of film in a camera to a target at a predetermined distance; b. Projecting a first set of two-dimensional originals into a three-dimensional printer having an image processor to determine the X and Y coordinates of each image within the print plane of the three-dimensional printer; c. The X and Y coordinates of each projected image are input to the programmed microprocessor, and the displacement of the camera lens position on the X and Y coordinate axes of the printing of each original plate is compensated according to the instruction from the microprocessor. To this end, the process of automatically adjusting the relative print position of each subsequent two-dimensional original plate in each set of two-dimensional original plates to a desired position by the moving means, and further, ΔX is deviated from the position of the camera lens. The amount of adjustment required in the X coordinate axis direction to compensate for ΔY is the amount of adjustment required in the Y coordinate axis direction to compensate for the displacement of the camera lens position, and ΔT _X is the amount of displacement of the camera lens in the X coordinate axis direction. distance, [Delta] T _Y deviation distance of the position of the camera lens in the Y coordinate axis direction, a distance of D from the camera to the object, F camera Ren Distance between the back focal length, the image plane on the projection lens and the two-dimensional original sheet to R
Between the projection lens with respect to the separation U and the image surface of the print material
As the magnification (V / U) represented by the ratio of the distance V, the microprocessor, (i) wherein ΔX determines the amount of deviation that is required X coordinate axis direction _{= ΔT X (D + F)} R / D, and (ii) a two-dimensional master that is programmed to automatically adjust the position of the camera lens according to the formula ΔY = ΔT _Y (D + F) R / D that determines the amount of offset required in the Y coordinate axis direction. A method of compensating for the displacement of the lens of a three-dimensional camera in printing. 2. Before printing each two-dimensional original plate, the position of each subsequent two-dimensional original plate in each set of two-dimensional original plates is automatically adjusted to the correct position by the moving means during the printing process. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target X and Y coordinates of each image of the first set of masters are determined by a CCD sensor coupled to a microprocessor programmed as described above. 3. The microprocessor is coupled to a motor and drive for moving a print easel such that the microprocessor automatically moves the print easel into the correct position for printing each two-dimensional master. The method of claim 1 programmed into. 4. The microprocessor is coupled to a motor and drive for moving the projection lens, the microprocessor automatically moving the projection lens to the correct position for printing each two-dimensional master. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is programmed. 5. The microprocessor is coupled to a motor and drive for adjusting the position of each two-dimensional negative in a negative carrier, the microprocessor printing the position of each two-dimensional master and printing each two-dimensional master. Programmed to automatically adjust to the correct position for
The method of claim 1.