JP2653668B2 - Melt spinning device and melt composite spinning device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for melt-spinning thermoplastic synthetic fibers such as polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, and polyurethane fibers, and a melt-spinning apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fusion (composite) spinning apparatus capable of preventing problems such as variation in yarn quality, yarn breakage during yarn production and increase in filtration pressure.

[Prior Art] When melt-spinning thermoplastic synthetic fibers, a passage for introducing a polymer melt-supplied by a polymer melting means (for example, an extruder), a measuring pump, a passage for transferring into a spinning pack, and a spinning pack are provided. Installed inside the spin box body,
A melt spinning apparatus that heats the entire spin box body with a heat medium to heat the entire inside of the spin box is generally used.

The device structure is slightly different from that described above, and the melt spinning device using the spin box for heating only the spin pack insertion portion and the vicinity thereof and using another heating means for heating the polymer passage portion is a complex spinning device. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-296110 discloses a melt spinning apparatus capable of switching between spinning and single polymer spinning.
It is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional melt spinning apparatus having the former apparatus structure, the entire inside of the spin box is heated by one heating means. The heating temperature of the spin pack part being touched is considerably different from that of a polymer passage or the like which is sufficiently kept warm in the spin box. For example, if the temperature of the spin box is set at 250 ° C. and heated, the temperature of the polymer passage is 2
The temperature of the spinning pack is 241
It is considerably lower at ~ 243 ° C.

By the way, the temperature of the spin pack greatly affects the filtration pressure and filtration accuracy in the pack.If the filtration pressure is high, the life of the spin pack is shortened, and if the filtration accuracy is poor, problems during spinning frequently occur. Become. Therefore, in order to prevent these problems, the temperature of the spin pack must be at least a certain level. Furthermore, the temperature of the base is
Since the thickness variation of the spun yarn is greatly affected, in order to make the fineness of the obtained fiber uniform, the temperature of the die portion must be set to a certain level or more.

In order to raise the temperature of the spin pack and the temperature of the spinneret portion to a sufficient level, the set temperature of the spin box heating must be considerably high. If the heating set temperature in the spin box is set higher, the temperature of the polymer passage becomes higher than the optimum temperature. As described above, even when the temperature of the polymer passage is high, the adverse effect is not so significant when spinning a polymer having excellent heat resistance, but when spinning a polymer having insufficient heat resistance, or when the heat resistance of the polymer is high. If it is necessary to spin at a high temperature close to the upper limit of the
The thermal deterioration of the polymer generated in the polymer passage in the passage becomes considerably large, and causes a serious problem such as an increase in yarn breakage during yarn production.

In particular, when a plurality of different polymers (compositions) are subjected to composite spinning, thermal degradation in the polymer passages becomes remarkable due to the difference in the optimum melting temperature of the polymers, and it becomes difficult to industrially produce yarn itself. There is even.

Furthermore, if only the entire inside of the spin box is heated, the device temperature of each part in the spin box tends to fluctuate, so especially when a plurality of spinning packs are inserted into the same spin box and spinning is performed. In addition, there is also a problem that the fineness of the fiber obtained varies due to temperature variation for each spin pack.

Further, as in the latter device, even when the device structure in which the polymer passage is heated by another heating means outside the spin box, the temperature of the spinning pack is lower than the temperature of the polymer passage, and at least one of them is at an appropriate temperature. The aforementioned problem of deviating from the standard can be improved to some extent. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to set the set temperature of the individual heating means for the spin pack to be higher than the set temperature of the individual heating means for the polymer passage. A problem arises in that the temperature level is different and the polymer temperature changes abruptly at the boundary. Further, in the spin box on the spin pack side, there still remains a problem that a temperature difference still occurs between the passage section immediately before the spin pack and the spin pack section. Therefore, it is difficult to satisfactorily improve the above-mentioned problem, and moreover, effective means have been desired.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problem of controlling the temperature of the polymer passage in the spin box in the conventional melt spinning apparatus.
Provided is a melt spinning apparatus that can solve the problem without adversely affecting the spin pack temperature and can control the temperature of the polymer passage and the temperature of the spin pack before reaching the spin pack to respective appropriate temperature levels. That, in addition,
Accordingly, it is a main object of the present invention to provide a melt spinning apparatus capable of stabilizing operability and improving product quality in a spinning process.

In particular, the present invention is effective for improving the operability and product quality when melt spinning by inserting a plurality of spinning packs into the same spin box or when spinning near the upper limit of the heat resistance allowable range of the polymer. The present invention provides a novel melt spinning apparatus.

Further, the present invention provides a composite spinning apparatus capable of controlling a polymer passage temperature and a spin pack temperature to respective appropriate temperature levels when multiple heterogeneous polymers (compositions) are compositely spun. For another purpose.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a spinning pack (7) for melt spinning, a polymer passage (4,6) for transferring a molten polymer to the spinning pack, and A melt spinning apparatus provided with a spin box (8) for accommodating at least the polymer passage and the spin pack therein, wherein a whole heating means for heating the entire inside of the spin box by a heat medium ( 9) Individual heating means (12,13,14) for heating the side surface of the spinning pack including the spinneret and the outer periphery of the polymer passage are disposed in the spin box, and the overall heating means and the individual heating means The melting means comprises a melt spinning device which is a heating means capable of controlling the temperature independently of each other, and a spinning pack (7) for melt composite spinning, and transfers a plurality of molten polymers to the spinning pack for each polymer. Lima passage (41, 42), and a spin box (8) for accommodating therein a said spinning pack at least said polymer passage
, A heating means (9) for heating the entire inside of the spin box by a heat medium, a side surface of the spinning pack including a die, and an outer periphery of the polymer passage. The individual heating means (13, 14, 12) for heating the respective heating means are disposed in the spin box, and the overall heating means and the individual heating means are heating means capable of controlling the temperature independently of each other. It comprises a melt composite spinning apparatus characterized by the above.

FIG. 1 (schematic vertical sectional view) and FIG. 2 (II-II in FIG. 1) showing one embodiment of the melt spinning apparatus of claim 1.
A schematic cross-sectional view taken in the direction of the arrow) and FIG. 3 (vertical cross-sectional schematic view) showing an embodiment of the melt composite spinning apparatus of claim 2 will be described.

In the melt spinning apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a polymer introduction path 2, a polymer pipe connecting section 3, a polymer passage 4, a polymer measuring section 5, a polymer passage 6, a spinning pack 7, and the like are arranged in a spin box 8. Has been established. In this device,
The molten polymer melted and supplied by the polymer melting means 1 such as an extruder flows into the spinning pack 7 through the polymer introduction path 2, the polymer pipe connection 3, the polymer passage 4, the polymer metering 5, and the polymer passage 6. Then, it is filtered by a usual method in the spin pack and discharged from the spinneret.

In the outermost part of the spin box 8, an overall heating means such as a jacket chamber 9 is formed. In the jacket chamber 9, a heat source such as "Dowtherm" or "Diffel" (trade name) is provided. The medium 10 is sealed and heated by the electric heater 11. In this device structure, the entire inside of the spin box 8 is heated by the heating by the jacket chamber 9.

Further, in this device structure, an aluminum casting heater indicated by reference numeral 12 is provided as individual heating means for the spinning pack, but other heating means such as a band heater, electromagnetic induction heating, and a jacket chamber by heating medium heating are provided. May be used.
Above all, a means for directly heating the spinning pack is preferable because heating control according to the actual temperature level of the spinning pack can be performed quickly and easily.

When the same type of fiber is spun, the set temperature of the individual heating means may be set at substantially the same temperature level for all the spinning packs. When the number of yarns, the cross-sectional shape, and the polymer (composition) are different, different temperature levels can be set for each spin pack.

Furthermore, it is effective to use means for individually heating the polymer passages 4 and 6 by the individual heating means 13 and 14 and accurately heating the polymer flow flowing therethrough to the optimum temperature. As the individual heating means, a direct heating means such as an aluminum casting heater, a band heater, or electromagnetic induction heating, or an indirect heating means in which a polymer passage is provided in a heating medium (heating steam or heating liquid) may be used. Good. As a heating means in this case, a means capable of directly heating the polymer passage is preferable. As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of polymers (compositions) are compositely spun, individually melted polymer A, polymer A B
After being transported and weighed through respective separate paths, they enter the composite spinning pack 7 and are separately filtered, as in the case of normal composite spinning, to form a composite polymer stream by the composite spinneret. Spun out. In this case, polymer passage 4
It is effective to provide individual heating means 13 and 14 for each of the polymer streams 1 and 42 and heat the polymer streams to an optimum temperature different for each polymer flow.

[Function] The apparatus according to the present invention heats the entire inside of the spin box 8 with a heating medium by the overall heating means 9,
Heating substantially the entire inside of the spin box to a temperature level suitable for melt spinning, providing individual heating means 12 in the spinning pack 7, and providing individual heating means 13, 14 in the polymer passage. It is the main feature.

As described above, when the spinning packs are provided with individual heating means and individually and auxiliaryly heat the spinning packs which are likely to be relatively low in temperature, the spinning packs are maintained while maintaining the temperature of the polymer passage in the spin box at an appropriate temperature level. Can be increased to the optimum temperature level, so that cooling from the spinneret surface can be sufficiently compensated, and the polymer passage temperature and the spin pack temperature can be controlled to the respective optimum temperature levels. .

The heating temperature set by the overall heating means should be kept at the same level or lower than the optimal heating temperature level of the spinning pack, and the individual heating means should be used to raise the heating temperature to the optimal heating temperature, for example, individual heating. The set temperature of the means is set to be equal to or higher than the set temperature of the heating means of the entire spin box by 50 ° C. or more, and further, the same as the set temperature of the spin box heating or set to be 30 ° C. or higher is required for operability and product It is preferable to improve the yarn quality.

That is, if this temperature difference exceeds 50 ° C., the heating temperature width by the individual heating means becomes large, so that a sudden temperature fluctuation of the polymer occurs in the apparatus portion where the individual heating means is installed, and the temperature of the polymer is increased. Variations (that is, variations in viscosity) are induced, and operability and product yarn quality are likely to deteriorate.

In addition, even if the entire inside of the spin box is heated by the overall heating means, the actual temperature of the spinning pack is reduced to the set temperature of the overall heating means due to heat conduction and cooling from the base surface. Does not rise, even if the overall heating means and the individual heating means are set to the same temperature, the individual heating means can exert its function. However, when the set temperature of the overall heating means is higher, the outer periphery of the individual heating means is not substantially insulated, so that it is difficult for the individual heating means to exhibit its function.

According to the present invention, it is possible to precisely control both the polymer passage and the spin pack in the melt spinning device to the respective optimum temperature levels, so that the thermal degradation of the molten polymer flowing through the polymer passage further causes uneven viscosity. Is prevented, and the effect of improving the operation results and eliminating the variation in the product quality is obtained.

Further, since the polymer passages 4 and 6 are also individually heated by the individual heating means 13 and 14, the heating temperature of the polymer passage can be positively controlled. That is,
The temperature of the polymer passage can be individually and accurately controlled to the optimum temperature for each polymer flow flowing therethrough, and the viscosity variation and thermal deterioration of the polymer in the polymer passage can be suppressed.

Thus, the means for individually heating the polymer passages is
When installed in a spin box that is entirely heated by a heating medium, the inside of the spin box is isolated from seasonal temperature fluctuations of the outside air and temperature fluctuations due to flow, and the temperature fluctuation width is relatively small. As a result, rapid heating and the so-called overline phenomenon, which exceeds the upper limit of the temperature control range, are prevented, and as a result, the accuracy of the temperature control of the polymer passage can be improved. Further, since the polymer passages are individually heated, it is easy to measure the passage temperature and control the heating based on the measured temperature, and therefore, even if the temperature of the polymer passing therethrough changes locally. Correcting the polymer temperature to an appropriate temperature (so-called stabilization of the polymer temperature) can be easily achieved in a short time.

Individual heating means 13, 14 attached to this polymer passage
It is preferable to set the temperature equal to or higher than the set temperature of the entire heating means or about 30 ° C. or lower.

The melt composite spinning apparatus according to claim 2 uses a polymer having insufficient heat resistance (for example, polyurethane or copolymerized polyamide) as at least one of the composite component polymers, or a polymer (composition) having different optimum melting temperature conditions. This is particularly effective when compound spinning is performed between each other.

Example Using a melt spinning apparatus having the structure shown in FIGS.
The fiber was melt-spun from a thermoplastic copolymerized polyamide melted at a temperature of 0 ° C. in a conventional manner, wound up and wound.

At this time, the entire heating means 9 attached to the spin box
, The temperature set value of the individual heating means 12 attached to the side of the spinning pack, and the temperature set value of the individual heating means 13 and 14 attached to the polymer passage are individually changed. And the temperature of the polymer passage, the temperature of the spinning pack and the temperature of the spinneret surface were measured at positions 6P, 7P and 17P in FIG. 4 (enlarged sectional view of the polymer passage and the spinning pack), respectively. Table 1 shows the results (average value of 4 weights).

As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature of the polymer passage and the temperature of the spinning pack were measured by opening a small hole to a position close to the device portion and inserting the side temperature sensing element 15 therein. The temperature of the mouth face was measured by an ordinary contact-type surface thermometer.

For comparison, the same melt spinning as described above was repeated using an apparatus from which all the individual heating means were removed, and the results are also shown in Table 1.

Further, the increase in filtration pressure in the spinning pack, the occurrence of irregular weights, the breakage of the spun yarn until winding, and the variation in fineness of the fiber obtained by drawing by a conventional method were measured. The spinning yarn breakage was represented by the number of yarn breaks per day per spinning pack. The increase in filtration pressure is measured by measuring the increase in filtration pressure (per day) for 3 days from the start of spinning. If the level of increase in filtration pressure per day exceeds 10% of the initial pressure, it is poor (x). , 5 to 10%, were evaluated as poor (△), and less than 5%, as good (○). Also, 3 per day
The spinning spindle in which the yarn breakage occurred more than once was regarded as an irregular spindle, and represented by the presence or absence of the occurrence. The variation in fineness was measured by measuring the fineness of all the yarns of the four spindles, and expressed by the standard deviation.

From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that, by attaching individual heating means to the spin pack and the polymer passage, respectively, in addition to the overall heating means, the temperature of the spin pack and the mouth face of the spinneret can be properly adjusted to the temperature of the polymer passage in the spin box. It can be seen that, until the temperature is maintained, the temperature can be raised to a sufficient level, the accuracy of the temperature control of the polymer passage can be improved, and both the operability during yarn production and the quality of the product can be improved. Further, it is found that it is effective to set the set temperature of the individual heating means higher than the set temperature of the overall heating means.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the temperature of a spinning pack is sufficiently raised to an appropriate temperature without increasing the heating set temperature of the entire spin box until the temperature of the polymer passage before reaching the spinning pack becomes higher. Therefore, it is possible to control the temperature of the spinning pack and the polymer passage before reaching the spinning pack to respective appropriate temperature levels, to suppress the thermal degradation of the polymer while flowing through the melt spinning apparatus, and
Variations in the quality (fineness, etc.) of the resulting fiber can be suppressed, and operability can be improved.

Further, the present invention can obtain the above-mentioned effect by a simple device, and is effective for industrial melt spinning.

The present invention is effective for melt spinning of thermoplastic synthetic fibers in general, but particularly when melt spinning a temperature-sensitive polymer or when spinning by inserting a plurality of spinning packs into the same spin box. It is also effective when melt-spinning a single polymer as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and when melt-spinning a plurality of polymers as shown in FIG. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to melt-spin different types of polymer fibers having different optimum spinning temperatures in the same spin block.

The melt composite spinning apparatus according to claim 2 uses a polymer having insufficient heat resistance as at least one of the composite component polymers, or a polymer (composition) having different optimum melting temperature conditions.
The conventional apparatus is particularly effective when the spinning stability is difficult, such as in the case of composite spinning, and a great effect is obtained in improving the operability and product yarn quality in such composite spinning.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are a schematic longitudinal sectional view and a schematic transverse sectional view (sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1) showing one embodiment of the melt spinning apparatus according to claim 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the melt composite spinning apparatus according to claim 2. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining temperature measurement of each part of the apparatus in the embodiment. [Explanation of Symbols] 4,6,41,42: Polymer passage 7: Spinning pack 8: Spin box 9: Overall heating means (jacket chamber) 13,14: Individual heating means attached to polymer passage 12: Spinning pack Individual heating means attached to

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-296110 (JP, A) JP-A-59-192708 (JP, A) JP-A 60-86569 (JP, U) 8816 (JP, Y2)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A melting apparatus comprising: a spinning pack for melt spinning, a polymer passage for transferring a molten polymer to the spinning pack, and a spin box for accommodating at least the polymer passage and the spinning pack therein. A spinning apparatus, wherein the entire heating means is heated by a heating medium, and the individual heating means for heating the side surface of the spinning pack including a spinneret and the outer periphery of the polymer passage are respectively provided by a spin box. Wherein the overall heating means and the individual heating means are heating means capable of controlling the temperature independently of each other. 2. A spin pack for melt composite spinning, a polymer passage for transferring a plurality of molten polymers to the spin pack for each polymer, and a spin box for accommodating at least the polymer passage and the spin pack therein. A melt composite spinning apparatus arranged, wherein the entire inside of the spin box is heated, and a heating means by a heat medium, a side surface of the spin pack including a die, and an outer periphery of the polymer passage are heated. A melt composite spinning apparatus, wherein individual heating means are provided in a spin box, and the overall heating means and the individual heating means are heating means capable of controlling the temperature independently of each other.