JP2653166B2 - Array antenna - Google Patents

Array antenna

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Publication number
JP2653166B2
JP2653166B2 JP9483589A JP9483589A JP2653166B2 JP 2653166 B2 JP2653166 B2 JP 2653166B2 JP 9483589 A JP9483589 A JP 9483589A JP 9483589 A JP9483589 A JP 9483589A JP 2653166 B2 JP2653166 B2 JP 2653166B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
antenna
array antenna
element antenna
linearly polarized
polarization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP9483589A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH02274004A (en
Inventor
眞一 佐藤
健一 針生
勇 千葉
清司 真野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP9483589A priority Critical patent/JP2653166B2/en
Publication of JPH02274004A publication Critical patent/JPH02274004A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2653166B2 publication Critical patent/JP2653166B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] この発明は,直線偏波の電波を送信あるいは受信する
ためのアレーアンテナに関するものである。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an array antenna for transmitting or receiving a linearly polarized radio wave.

[従来の技術] 第7図は,例えば電子通信学会論文誌,堀口,石曽
根,虫明:「広角走査を目的とした球面配列アンテナの
走査特性」,1982/2,vol.J65−B,no.2,pp.245〜252に開
示されたアレーアンテナの構成を示す図である。図にお
いて,(1)は素子アンテナ,(2)は直線偏波であ
る。第7図に示す従来のアレーアンテナにおいては,素
子アンテナ(1)は球面上に配列された構成をしてい
る。ところで,各素子アンテナ(1)に対し,特性の方
向で直線偏波(2)の方向が合うように各素子アンテナ
を設定したとしても,他の方向では直線偏波(2)は合
わない。
[Prior Art] FIG. 7 is, for example, IEICE Transactions, Horiguchi, Ishisone, Mushiaki: “Scanning Characteristics of Spherical Array Antenna for Wide-Angle Scanning”, 1982/2, vol. J65-B, no. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an array antenna disclosed in 2, pp. 245 to 252. In the figure, (1) is an element antenna, and (2) is a linearly polarized wave. In the conventional array antenna shown in FIG. 7, the element antennas (1) are arranged on a spherical surface. By the way, even if each element antenna is set such that the direction of the linearly polarized wave (2) matches the direction of the characteristic with respect to each element antenna (1), the linearly polarized wave (2) does not match in other directions.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] 従来のアレーアンテナでは,各素子アンテナ(1)の
直線偏波(2)の方向は固定されているので,ビーム走
査により各素子アンテナ(1)から放射される直線偏波
(2)の方向が合わないという問題点があった。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional array antenna, since the direction of the linearly polarized wave (2) of each element antenna (1) is fixed, it is radiated from each element antenna (1) by beam scanning. There is a problem that the directions of the linearly polarized waves (2) do not match.

この発明は上記のような問題点を解消するためになさ
れたもので,主ビームがどのような方向にあっても各素
子アンテナから放射される直線偏波の方向が合うように
したアレーアンテナを得ることを目的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an array antenna in which the directions of linearly polarized waves radiated from respective element antennas are matched regardless of the direction of the main beam. The purpose is to gain.

[課題を解決するための手段] この発明に係るアレーアンテナは,各素子アンテナか
ら放射される直線偏波の方向をディジタル化,すなわ
ち,その方向を360゜/2n(nは正の整数)でディジタル
化し制御する偏波制御回路を備えたものである。
[Means for Solving the Problems] The array antenna according to the present invention digitizes the direction of linearly polarized light radiated from each element antenna, that is, 360 ° / 2 n (n is a positive integer). And a polarization control circuit for digitizing and controlling.

[作用] この発明におけるアレーアンテナの偏波制御回路は,
各素子アンテナから放射される直線偏波の方向を360゜/
2n(nは正の整数)の刻みで制御することにより,所望
の方向に直線偏波の方向を合わせることができる。
[Operation] The polarization control circuit of the array antenna according to the present invention comprises:
The direction of linear polarization radiated from each element antenna is 360 ° /
By controlling in increments of 2 n (n is a positive integer), the direction of linear polarization can be adjusted to a desired direction.

[発明の実施例] 以下,この発明の一実施例を図について説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図はこの発明の一実施例の構成図である。図にお
いて,(1),(2)は上記従来のものと同一である。
素子アンテナ(1)は球面上に配列された構成をしてお
り,さらに,各素子アンテナ(1)から放射される直線
偏波(2)の方向は空間で合っている。そして,ビーム
走査に対応して,各素子アンテナ(1)から放射される
直線偏波(2)の方向を360゜/2n(nは正の整数)の刻
みで変えることができるようになっている。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (1) and (2) are the same as the above-mentioned conventional one.
The element antennas (1) are arranged on a spherical surface, and the directions of the linearly polarized waves (2) radiated from each element antenna (1) are matched in space. Then, the direction of the linearly polarized light (2) radiated from each element antenna (1) can be changed in steps of 360 ° / 2 n (n is a positive integer) corresponding to the beam scanning. ing.

第2図は第1図のアレーアンテナにおいて,直線偏波
の方向を可変するために可変電力分配器を用いた偏波制
御回路の一実施例を示す図である。図において,(3)
は2分配器,(4a),(4b)は移相器,(5)は90゜ハ
イブリッド,(6)は可変電力分配器である。
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a polarization control circuit using a variable power distributor to change the direction of linear polarization in the array antenna of FIG. In the figure, (3)
Is a two divider, (4a) and (4b) are phase shifters, (5) is a 90 ° hybrid, and (6) is a variable power divider.

第2図において,端子Aから矢印で示す方向へ入射し
た振幅1の電力は2分配器(3)で等分され、移相器
(4a),(4b)に至る。移相器(4a)の位相量をφ,移
相器(4b)の位相量を90゜−φとする時,90゜ハイブリ
ッド(5)を通った後の端子B,Cに至る電力はそれぞれs
in2φ,cos2φとなる。従って,可変電力分配器(6)で
の損失はなく,また,端子B,Cでの位相は同相である。
In FIG. 2, the power having an amplitude of 1 incident from the terminal A in the direction indicated by the arrow is equally divided by the two dividers (3) and reaches the phase shifters (4a) and (4b). When the phase amount of the phase shifter (4a) is φ and the phase amount of the phase shifter (4b) is 90 ° −φ, the power reaching the terminals B and C after passing through the 90 ° hybrid (5) is respectively s
in 2 φ, cos 2 φ. Therefore, there is no loss in the variable power distributor (6), and the phases at the terminals B and C are in phase.

第3図は第2図の可変電力分配器(6)を用いた素子
アンテナ(方形パッチアンテナ)の構成を示す斜視図で
ある。図において,(6)は可変電力分配器,(7)は
放射導体,(8)は誘導体,(9)は地導体,(10)は
給電線である。第3図に示すような素子アンテナにおい
て,端子Aから入射した電力は可変電力分配器(6)を
通り,端子B,Cに至る。端子B,Cの位置を直交する二つの
直線偏波の電波を放射する位置に設置することにより,
直線偏波の方向を可変にできる。第2図において,移相
器(4a),(4b)の位相量を360゜/2n(nは正の整数)
の刻みで変化させることにより,直線偏波の方向はその
刻みで変化させる。
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an element antenna (square patch antenna) using the variable power distributor (6) of FIG. In the figure, (6) is a variable power distributor, (7) is a radiation conductor, (8) is a derivative, (9) is a ground conductor, and (10) is a feed line. In the element antenna as shown in FIG. 3, the power incident from the terminal A passes through the variable power distributor (6) and reaches the terminals B and C. By installing the positions of terminals B and C at the positions where two orthogonally polarized radio waves are radiated,
The direction of linear polarization can be made variable. In FIG. 2, the phase shifters (4a) and (4b) are shifted by 360 ° / 2 n (n is a positive integer).
, The direction of the linearly polarized wave is changed at each step.

第4図は各素子アンテナの直線偏波の方向をビット化
した時の利得の変化を示す。ビット化する前の状態は次
の通りである。すなわち,第7図の従来のアレーアンテ
ナで,ブロードサイド方向で放射電力が零になるよう
に,すなわち,天頂の素子アンテナ(1)を通るように
スイカの輪切りを行った時にできる曲線に沿って各素子
アンテナの直線偏波(2)を配列した状態である。図よ
り,4ビット以上にすると利得の低下はほとんどないが,3
ビット以下でも偏波制御しない初期の状態(上記のよう
に,放射電力が零)に比べると偏波の方向はほぼ合って
いると言える。第5図,第6図は,それぞれ,1ビット,2
ビットで偏波制御した場合の放射パターンを示す。図
中,破線はビット化しないでアナログで直線偏波の方向
を合わせた場合の放射パターンである。放射パターンに
関しては,2ビット以上で制御すれば,アナログ制御の場
合とあまり変わらない放射パターンが得られることがわ
かる。なお,第4図〜第6図は半球面アレーの場合の結
果であり,部分球面アレーあるいは曲率の大きい曲面ア
レーの場合には3ビット以下でも偏波制御の効果は大き
い。
FIG. 4 shows a change in gain when the direction of linear polarization of each element antenna is converted into bits. The state before bit conversion is as follows. That is, in the conventional array antenna shown in FIG. 7, the radiated power becomes zero in the broadside direction, that is, along the curve formed when the watermelon is sliced so as to pass through the zenith element antenna (1). This is a state in which linearly polarized waves (2) of each element antenna are arranged. As can be seen from the figure, there is almost no decrease in gain when 4 bits or more are used.
It can be said that the polarization direction is almost the same as compared to the initial state in which the polarization control is not performed even if the bit is smaller than the bit (radiation power is zero as described above). 5 and 6 show 1 bit and 2 bits respectively.
6 shows a radiation pattern when polarization control is performed using bits. In the figure, the broken line is a radiation pattern when the direction of linear polarization is adjusted in analog without being bit-converted. Regarding the radiation pattern, it can be seen that if the control is performed with two bits or more, a radiation pattern that is not much different from that of the analog control can be obtained. FIGS. 4 to 6 show the results in the case of a hemispherical array. In the case of a partial spherical array or a curved surface array having a large curvature, the effect of polarization control is large even with 3 bits or less.

実施例では,素子アンテナの直線偏波の方向を制御す
る偏波制御回路としては可変電力分配器を用いた場合に
ついて説明したが,スイッチを用いて偏波の方向を切り
替えてもよい。また,素子アンテナは円形ではなく,方
形のパッチアンテナでもよい。
In the embodiment, the case where the variable power distributor is used as the polarization control circuit for controlling the direction of linear polarization of the element antenna has been described. However, the direction of polarization may be switched using a switch. The element antenna may be a square patch antenna instead of a circular one.

[発明の効果] 以上のように,この発明のアレーアンテナでは,素子
アンテナの直線偏波の方向をディジタルに変化させるこ
とにより,偏波の方向を合わせることができ,これをレ
ーダ用のアンテナとして用いる時,その効果は著しく大
きい。
[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the array antenna of the present invention, by changing the direction of linear polarization of the element antenna digitally, the direction of polarization can be adjusted, and this can be used as a radar antenna. When used, the effect is significant.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図はこの発明の一実施例であるアレーアンテナの構
成を示す図,第2図は素子アンテナの直線偏波の方向を
制御するための偏波制御回路の実施例を示す図,第3図
は素子アンテナの給電を示す図,第4図は直線偏波の方
向をビット化した時の利得の変化を示す図,第5図,第
6図は.それぞれ1ビット,2ビットで直線偏波の方向を
制御した場合の放射パターンを示す図,第7図は従来の
アレーアンテナを示す図である。 図において,(1)は素子アンテナ,(2)は直線偏
波,(3)は2分配器,(4a),(4b)は移相器,
(5)は90゜ハイブリッド,(6)は可変電力分配器,
(7)は放射導体,(8)は誘電体,(9)は地導体,
(10)は給電線である。 なお,図中,同一符号は同一,又は相当部分を示す。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a polarization control circuit for controlling the direction of linear polarization of an element antenna. The figure shows the feed of the element antenna, FIG. 4 shows the change in the gain when the direction of the linear polarization is converted to bits, and FIGS. FIG. 7 shows a radiation pattern when the direction of linear polarization is controlled by 1 bit and 2 bits, respectively. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a conventional array antenna. In the figure, (1) is an element antenna, (2) is a linearly polarized wave, (3) is a two divider, (4a) and (4b) are phase shifters,
(5) is a 90-degree hybrid, (6) is a variable power distributor,
(7) is a radiation conductor, (8) is a dielectric, (9) is a ground conductor,
(10) is a power supply line. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 真野 清司 神奈川県鎌倉市大船5丁目1番1号 三 菱電機株式会社情報電子研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭49−84153(JP,A) 特開 昭62−203401(JP,A) 特開 昭62−203403(JP,A) IEE Conf.Publ.(In st.Electro.Eng.)N o.219P.154−157 1983 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Seiji Mano 5-1-1, Ofuna, Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture In-house Research Institute of Information and Electronics, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (56) References JP-A-49-84153 (JP, A) JP-A-62-203401 (JP, A) JP-A-62-203403 (JP, A) IEEE Conf. Publ. (Inst. Electro. Eng.) No. 219P. 154-157 1983

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】曲面上に配列した直線偏波の電波を送信あ
るいは受信する複数個の素子アンテナと,各素子アンテ
ナにつながれた移相器と,電力を分配する電力分配器と
からなるアレーアンテナにおいて,各素子アンテナの直
線偏波の方向が360゜/2n(nは正の整数)の刻みで変化
するように制御する偏波制御回路を設けたことを特徴と
するアレーアンテナ。
An array antenna comprising a plurality of element antennas for transmitting or receiving linearly polarized radio waves arranged on a curved surface, a phase shifter connected to each element antenna, and a power distributor for distributing power. 2. The array antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a polarization control circuit for controlling the direction of linear polarization of each element antenna to change in steps of 360 ° / 2 n (n is a positive integer).
JP9483589A 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Array antenna Expired - Fee Related JP2653166B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9483589A JP2653166B2 (en) 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Array antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9483589A JP2653166B2 (en) 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Array antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02274004A JPH02274004A (en) 1990-11-08
JP2653166B2 true JP2653166B2 (en) 1997-09-10

Family

ID=14121101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9483589A Expired - Fee Related JP2653166B2 (en) 1989-04-14 1989-04-14 Array antenna

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2653166B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1693922B1 (en) 2003-10-30 2010-08-11 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Aircraft with an antenna apparatus
US7103385B2 (en) 2003-10-30 2006-09-05 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Mobile satellite communication system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEE Conf.Publ.(Inst.Electro.Eng.)No.219P.154−157 1983

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02274004A (en) 1990-11-08

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