JP2652541B2 - Tool head positioning coupling device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool capable of automatically changing a plurality of tool heads, and in particular, connects a tool head and a saddle on a processing unit side in a positioning state, and connects the tool head on a processing unit side. The present invention relates to a means for transmitting a rotational force to a tool head.

PRIOR ART Machine tools with interchangeable tool heads are already known. However, according to the related art, the connecting portion between the tool head and the feed unit is complicated, and there is a problem in transmitting the rotational force in the connected state.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to connect a replaceable tool head and a saddle on the processing unit side with a simple structure,
In addition, the structure is suitable for transmitting the rotation.

Therefore, the present invention employs a clamping mechanism using a positioning member and a pull stud for positioning connection between a processing head and a saddle, and uses a meshing clutch to reduce the rotational force of the transmission shaft on the saddle side on the tool head side. Can be transmitted to the driven shaft. In particular, since the transmitting portion of the rotational force, the clamp mechanism and the coupling mechanism are provided concentrically, their positioning and connecting portions can be simplified as compared with conventional ones, and the clamping and unclamping can be performed. In addition to operation, transmission of rotational force can be performed smoothly.

Overview of Machine Tool First, FIGS. 1 and 2 show a machine tool 1.

This machine tool 1 is provided in a transfer line of a workpiece 2 to be machined, and is related to a plurality of exchangeable tool heads 3, a positioning connection device 4, a tool head exchange device 5, a tool head of the present invention. A delivery device 6 and a magazine device 7 are provided.

The specific tool head 3 is attached to the saddle 9 of the feed unit 8 by the positioning connecting device 4, approaches the work 2 by the feed motion by the feed unit 8, and is required for the work 2 by the rotation of the multi-axis type tool 10. To make a sharp cut. Note that the work 2 is a transfer device 11
Is sent to the processing position by the clamping device
Fixed by 12.

On the other hand, the tool head 3 necessary for various kinds of processing is clamped by the magazine device 7 and stands by in a state where it can be indexed. When the tool head 3 is replaced, the tool head transfer device 6 sends a predetermined tool head 3 from the magazine device 7.
Is received and transferred to one exchange position side of the exchange arm 14 of the tool head exchange device 5 by the rotational movement of the exchange arm 13. After this, the replacement arm 14 moves 180 degrees around the horizontal axis.
゜ By turning, the new tool head 3 is transferred to the front side of the saddle 9, and at the same time, the used tool head 3 is transferred to the replacement position side. Thereafter, the transfer arm 13 receives the used tool head 3 from the exchange arm 14 and transfers it to a predetermined position of the magazine device 7 to prepare for the next machining operation. Then, when the feed unit 8 advances the saddle 9, the new tool head 3 is moved by the positioning connecting device 4 of the present invention.
The tool 10 is rotated forward by the feed unit 8 in the direction of the workpiece 2 and receives a rotational force from the drive motor 15 of the feed unit 8 to rotate the tool 10 and
Perform the necessary cutting work.

Next, FIGS. 3 to 6 show the structure of the positioning and coupling device 4 of the present invention.

The saddle 9 is provided to be able to advance and retreat along the guide surface of the feed table 16, and is driven in the advance and retreat direction by a feed screw unit 17 on the feed table 16 side.

3, the drive motor 15 is fixed to the rear end face of the saddle 9 together with the housing 18, and the motor shaft 19 of the drive motor 15 is connected to the transmission shaft 20. The transmission shaft 20 is rotatably supported by the front and rear bearings 21 inside the housing 18, and at one end of a spline 22, for example, one clutch 23 of a pair of meshing type clutches 23 and 24 rotates. They are connected in a stopped state. The clutch 23 is provided with a coil spring between the clutch 23 and a spring receiver 26 on the transmission shaft 20 side.
It is constantly urged by 25 in the direction of engagement with the other clutch 24. The other clutch 24 has a driven shaft 27 at the center, and is fixed to the driven shaft 27 on the tool head 3 side by a spline so as not to rotate.

The connecting surfaces of the tool head 3 and the saddle 9 are annular positioning members such as a Carvic coupling (trade name) so that they can fit in the positioning state.
It has 28 and 29 respectively. These positioning members 2
8, 29 are concentrically formed with the transmission shaft 20 and the driven shaft 27 and partially formed on the circumference and engage with the peaks and valleys of the teeth which can be disengaged from each other, so that the transmission of the center position is achieved. While determining the rotational phase with respect to the shaft 20 and the driven shaft 27, they fit in the positioning state. An air passage 30 for fitting surface cleaning is formed in one positioning member 28, and a protection V is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the other positioning member 29.
A packing 31 is provided.

On the other hand, the tool head 3 has a coupling 24
Is provided with a hollow pull stud 32 inside the initial value determining members 28 and 29 and concentric with the driven shaft 27. Corresponding to this, the saddle 9 has a cylindrical clamp member 33 at the outer part of the clutch 23 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the direction of the transmission shaft 20.
A plurality of clamp balls 34 are supported at the distal ends so as to be displaceable in the diameter direction of the clamp member 33 in the hole 38. The outer peripheral portion of the clamp member 33 is a piston 35, and is housed in a state in which it can move in the direction of the transmission shaft 20 inside the cylinder 36 and the cylinder cover 37 as clamp driving means. The piston 35 is urged in the clamping direction by a coil spring 39 and is prevented from rotating by a pin 40 on the cylinder cover 37 side. The driving fluid is supplied from two ports 50. The cylinder 36 is attached to the front of the saddle 9, and the cylinder cover 37 integrally forms a cam surface 41 with an outer portion of the clamp ball 34. An air passage 51 for cleaning is also formed in this clamp portion.

In this way, clutches 23 and 24, pull studs 32,
The clamp member 33 and the annular positioning members 28 and 29 are provided concentrically with the center of the transmission shaft 20 and the driven shaft 27 with respect to both the tool head 3 and the saddle 9.

In addition, the tool head 3 and the saddle 9 fit a plurality of connecting cylinders 42 to the saddle 9 side at the connecting surface so as to allow cutting agent or air to communicate with the saddle 9 at the connecting surface as shown in FIGS. A cylindrical insert 43 is provided on the tool head 3 side. The connecting tube 42 has an opening / closing plug 45 urged by a spring 44 inside, and when the connecting tube 42 hits the insert 43, the inside of the connecting tube 42 and the insert 43
Are in the open state.

At an appropriate position on the saddle 9, a sensor 46 for detecting a clamped state and a sensor 47 for confirming an engaged state are provided, which correspond to the dog 48 of the clamp member 33 and the dog 49 of the clutch 23. .

Operation of the Invention As already described, the tool head 3 is held by the exchange arm 14 of the tool head exchange device 5 and guided in a positioning state on the front side of the saddle 9. At this time, the saddle 9 advances from the standby position, as seen in FIG.
By fitting of the positioning members 28 and 29, the positioning members 28 and 29 are connected in a circumferentially positioned state. On the other hand, in this connection, since the clamp member 33 is moving in the forward direction, that is, in the leftward direction in FIG. 3, the pull stud 32 of the tool head 3 is projected at the outer peripheral end as shown in FIG. Then, the clamp ball 34 enters the inside of the clamp member 33 while displacing the clamp ball 34 outward.

Thereafter, since the driving fluid is supplied to the inside of the cylinder 36, the piston 35 retreats, so that the clamp ball 34 is pressed against the cam surface 41 and is displaced in the center direction. 2), the clamp ball 34 is pressed against the protrusion at the outer peripheral end of the pull stud 32. The clamp state at this time can be electrically detected by detecting the position of the dog 48 with the sensor 46. In this state, the tool head 3 is fixed to the mounting surface of the saddle 9 while being positioned by the positioning members 28 and 29 and clamped by the pull stud 323 and the clamp member 33. At the same time, a pair of clutches 23 and 24 mesh with each other inside the pull stud 32, and the transmission shaft 20 and the driven shaft 27
Are linked. The meshing state at this time is
By detecting the dog 49 at 47, it can be confirmed electrically. At this time, when the pair of clutches 23 and 24 is not in the meshing phase, the clutch 23 retreats against the coil spring 25 to allow the clutch 24 to enter.

Then, when the transmission shaft 20 rotates at a low speed and receives the force of the coil spring 25, the transmission shaft 20 completely fits.

After the tool head 3 is attached to the saddle 9 of the feed unit 8 in this manner, the feed unit 8 advances the saddle 9 in the machining feed direction, and moves the tool 10 of the tool head 3 toward the workpiece 2 to be machined. Let it. On the way, the drive motor 15 rotates the transmission shaft 20 while increasing the speed from a low speed, thereby transmitting the rotation to the driven shaft 27 of the tool head 3 via the pair of clutches 23 and 24, and finally, The tool 10 is given a rotary motion for cutting.

Of course, the exchange of this tool head 3 is
After the tool head 3 is clamped, the clamp member 33 is advanced, the pull stud 32 is in the unclamped state, and the saddle 9 is retracted. Thereafter, the exchange arm 14 of the tool head exchange device 5 becomes 180
(4) By rotating, the new tool head 3 is transferred to the front side of the saddle 9, and the used tool head 3 is transferred to the exchange position for transferring the tool head.

Another Embodiment of the Invention The above embodiment is directed to a cylinder as a clamp driving means.
Although the clamp 36 is incorporated in the outer peripheral portion of the clamp member 33, the clamp driving means may transmit the clamp drive to the clamp member 33 from outside the saddle 9 using a lever or the like.

Further, the positioning members 28 and 29 need only partially form teeth, but needless to say, they may be formed all around.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the following specific effects can be obtained.

First, the tool head is securely clamped at one central position by a pull stud and a clamp member at the center position, and a pair of clutches are coupled at a concentric position with the pull stud. The connection between the fixed part and the rotating part can be easily performed, and the positioning connection structure can be simplified as compared with the conventional one.

Also, when the torque of the transmission shaft is at the center of the pull stud,
Since it is transmitted to the driven shaft of the tool head by the clutch,
Transmission of rotational force is assured, and the reaction force of rotational torque is received even at the outer positioning member, so that external force biased on the tool head and saddle side does not act, and torque transmission is performed smoothly. . Further, by providing the pull stud on the outer peripheral side of the clutch, a heavy tool head can be held in a wide range at the center, and stable clamping can be performed.

Furthermore, since the combination of the tool head and the tool head guided to the home position is easily performed by the forward or backward function of the saddle, the tool head changing device side does not need to guide the coupling direction of the tool head, As a result, the structure of that part can be simplified.

In particular, the ring-shaped positioning member is
0, since it engages with the driven shaft 27 concentrically over the entire circumference, the positioning accuracy is high, and the tool head does not tilt in the positioning state and is accurately positioned with respect to the center of the shaft. Further, the pull studs and the clamp members as the clamping means are provided inside the annular positioning members 28 and 29 so that the pull studs concentric with the center of the shaft are concentrically clamped while determining the center position. It has high delivery accuracy and ensures the connection of the drive system. Therefore, according to the connection structure of the present invention, even a heavy tool head can be reliably connected and held at a predetermined position of the saddle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a machine tool, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the machine tool, FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a positioning and coupling device of the present invention, and FIG. Front view of connecting surface of tool head, fifth
The figure is an enlarged sectional view of a part of the clamp part, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a connection part such as air. 1 ... Machine tool, 2 ... Work, 3 ... Tool head, 3a
... connecting surface, 4 ... positioning connecting device, 5 ... tool head exchange device, 6 ... tool head delivery device, 7 ... magazine device, 8 ... feed unit, 9 ... saddle, 10 ...
... Tools, 15 ... Drive motor, 19 ... Motor shaft, 20 ... Transmission shaft, 23, 24 ... Clutch, 27 ... Driven shaft, 28, 29 ...
Positioning member, 32: pull stud, 33: clamp member, 36: cylinder as clamp driving means.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A saddle having a transmission shaft connected to a motor shaft and capable of moving back and forth in a machining feed direction, a tool head having a driven shaft in the center and detachable from the saddle, the transmission shaft and the driven shaft, A toothed annular positioning member provided concentrically on the saddle and the tool head and disengageable from each other; a pair of clutches provided concentrically on the transmission shaft and the driven shaft respectively and disengageable from each other; A pull stud provided concentrically with the driven shaft and fixed to the coupling surface of the tool head inside the annular positioning member, and a pull stud provided concentrically with the transmission shaft on the saddle side to clamp and unlock the pull stud. A tool for positioning a tool head, comprising: a clamp member for clamping; and clamp driving means for moving the clamp member in a clamp direction and an unclamping direction. Apparatus.