JP2652051B2 - Ship propulsion device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a ship propulsion device for propelling a ship,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a marine vessel propulsion device that can easily replace a propeller boss mounted on a propeller shaft.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, in a propulsion device for a ship such as an inboard / outboard motor or an outboard motor, a so-called variable pitch propeller capable of changing a propulsion speed by changing a twist angle (pitch) of a propeller has been proposed. ing. The use of this variable pitch propeller is advantageous because the propulsion speed can be changed while operating the prime mover for rotating the propeller under certain conditions.

In the variable pitch propeller device as described above, for example, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-39897, an empty space is formed inside a propeller boss that rotatably supports the propeller, and the propeller is formed in the empty space. And a lubricating oil filled therein. The crosshead is configured such that linear driving means such as a hydraulic cylinder is disposed in a case containing driving means for driving a propeller shaft and the like, and is driven in the axial direction by the hydraulic cylinder.

The vacant space formed inside the propeller boss is sealed by an O-ring or an oil seal or the like so as to prevent the filled lubricating oil from leaking to the outside.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The above-mentioned inboard / outboard motor or outboard motor is supposed to be operated in shallow water, and the propeller is easily worn, so that the propeller is more frequently replaced than the propeller of a large vessel. Therefore, it is necessary that the replacement operation of the propeller can be easily performed.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional variable pitch propeller, a crosshead is fitted inside the propeller boss, and a rod or the like of a hydraulic cylinder for driving the crosshead is fitted from the case side. This complicates the engagement structure between the crosshead and the rod inside the propeller boss. Therefore, when replacing the propeller, the propeller boss must be disassembled in order.

Further, when disassembling the propeller boss, there is an operational problem such as leakage of the lubricating oil filled therein.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a marine vessel propulsion device that can easily replace propeller bosses and that does not cause leakage of lubricating oil filled therein during replacement.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above problems, a ship propulsion device of the present invention includes a propeller for propelling a ship, a propeller boss rotatably supporting the propeller, and a propeller boss. Transmission means including a propeller shaft for transmitting power,
Pitch changing means rotatably fitted to the propeller boss for changing the pitch of the propeller, sealing means arranged between the propeller boss and the pitch changing means, and power for driving the pitch changing means And a gear mechanism that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the propeller boss, and a gear mechanism that transmits the rotation to the pitch changing means. A dynamic gear mechanism, a pitch changing means for engaging the pitch changing means with the differential gear mechanism in a detachable manner, and an engaging means formed on the other gear mechanism; Coupling means formed on the propeller boss and the one of the gear mechanisms for detachably coupling to the mechanism, and an attachment hand for detachably attaching the propeller boss to the propeller shaft. Are those composed has and.

<Operation> According to the above means, the power can be transmitted to the propeller boss via the transmission means including the propeller shaft, so that the propeller can be driven to propel the boat. Further, the pitch of the propeller is changed by rotating a pitch changing means for changing the pitch of the propeller disposed on the propeller boss side via a differential gear mechanism by a power source for driving the pitch changing means. Can be changed.

That is, by driving the differential gear mechanism, which is constituted by a gear mechanism rotating in synchronization with the rotation of the propeller boss and a gear mechanism for transmitting rotation to the pitch changing means, by the power source, the two gears are driven. A relative speed difference is generated between the mechanisms, and thus a relative speed difference is generated between the propeller boss and the pitch changing means, and the pitch changing means is rotated by the speed difference between the propeller boss and the pitch changing means. Then the pitch of the propeller can be changed.

Also, the pitch changing means is arranged on the propeller boss side,
A coupling means for releasably engaging the pitch changing means and the differential gear mechanism, and a coupling for releasably coupling the propeller boss and the differential gear mechanism, respectively; Means, and mounting means for detachably mounting the propeller boss to the propeller shaft is formed, so that the propeller boss can be mounted on or removed from the propeller shaft by operating the mounting means. The boss and the differential gear mechanism can be separated and connected via a coupling means, and the pitch changing means and the differential gear mechanism can be separated and connected via the coupling means.

<Embodiment> An embodiment of a marine vessel propulsion device to which the above means is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional explanatory view of the marine propulsion device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a developed explanatory view of a propeller boss and a propeller shaft.

In the figure, a vertical shaft 1 is a shaft provided above and for transmitting power of an engine or the like to a propeller shaft 2. The vertical shaft 1 is rotatably supported by the casing A. A bevel gear 1a is fixed to an end of the vertical shaft 1.

The propeller shaft 2 is arranged orthogonal to the vertical shaft 1 and is rotatably supported by the casing A. Bevel gears 3 and 4 are rotatably attached to the end 2a of the propeller shaft 2 in a state where the bevel gears 3 and 4 face each other. A clutch shifter 5 is mounted on the end 2a between the bevel gears 3 and 4 so as to be non-rotatable with respect to the propeller shaft 2 and slidable in the axial direction of the shaft 2.

A shifter pin always biased in one direction by a spring 5a embedded in the propeller shaft 2 is provided on the clutch shifter 5.
5b is fitted, whereby the clutch shifter 5 is always urged in one direction (to the right in FIG. 1).

A clutch pin 5c is in contact with the shifter pin 5b. One end of the clutch pin 5c is in contact with a clutch cam 6a fixed to the tip of a clutch shaft 6 provided in parallel with the vertical shaft 1. By operating a clutch lever (not shown) and rotating the clutch cam 6a, the clutch shifter 5 is slid in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 2, and the claw 5d formed on the shifter 5 and the claw formed on the bevel gears 3, 4 are formed. 3a and 4a are selectively engaged with each other so that the power of the engine is
, And can be transmitted to the propeller shaft 2 as forward rotation or reverse rotation.

A spline is engraved on the other end 2b of the propeller shaft 2, and an inner sleeve 7 is fitted to the spline. On the outer periphery of the inner sleeve 7, an outer sleeve 8 forms an empty space 7a between itself and the inner sleeve 7, and is rotatably mounted on the inner sleeve 7.

A friction member 9 made of a material having a large coefficient of friction such as rubber is inserted into the vacant chamber 7a, and a torque limiter 10 is constituted by the inner sleeve 7, the friction member 9 and the outer sleeve 8. That is, the rotation of the propeller shaft 2 is transmitted to the inner sleeve 7 via the spline, and the rotation is caused by the contact friction between the inner sleeve 7 and the friction member 9 and the contact friction between the friction member 9 and the outer sleeve 8. It is configured to be transmitted to.

A plurality of claws 8a are formed at a constant pitch on the outer periphery of the end of the outer sleeve 8. The claw 8a is for transmitting the rotation of the propeller shaft 2 to the propeller boss 11 by engaging with the claw 11a formed on the outer periphery of the propeller boss 11.

A screw 2c is formed at the shaft end of the propeller shaft 2. The spacer 12a is brought into contact with the propeller boss 11 and the torque limiter 10 mounted on the propeller shaft 2, and the nut 12 serving as an attachment means is screwed into the screw 2c, so that the propeller boss 11 and the torque limiter 10 are connected to the propeller boss. It is configured so that it can be mounted on the shaft 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the propeller boss 11 mounts a predetermined number (three in this embodiment) of propellers 13 around the periphery and constitutes pitch changing means for changing the pitch of the propellers 13. A sleeve-shaped screw shaft 14 is rotatably fitted.

Inside the propeller boss 11, chambers 11b corresponding to the number of the propellers 13 are formed. A crank 15 is rotatably fitted in the chamber 11b, and a shaft 15a serving as a rotation center of the crank 15 is provided so as to be orthogonal to the axis of the propeller shaft 2. This crank 15 has a propeller 13 with bolts 13
concluded by a.

A protrusion 15b is formed inside the crank 15, that is, at a position eccentric from the shaft 15a on the propeller shaft 2 side.
The protrusion 15b is screwed with the screw shaft 14 via a collar, and is formed in a groove 16 formed in the crosshead 16 constituting pitch changing means.
It is fitted to a. The projection 15b is driven by a crosshead 16 that moves in the axial direction of the propeller shaft 2 with the rotation of the screw shaft 14, and rotates the crank 15 about the shaft 15a to change the pitch of the propeller 13.

The screw shaft 14 is formed to have a length substantially equal to the length of the propeller boss 11, and a screw portion 14a having a length capable of setting the pitch of the propeller 13 to a desired value is formed at a predetermined position on the outer periphery. The end of the screw shaft 14 has a differential gear mechanism 18 to be described later.
A claw 14b is formed as an engagement means capable of separating from and coming into contact with the hook.
This screw shaft 14 is rotatably fitted to the propeller boss 11,
In addition, the outer periphery is in contact with the O-ring 14c so that the chamber 11b can be maintained in a watertight state. Also screw shaft 14
A sleeve-shaped bearing 17 is provided between the propeller shaft 2 and the screw shaft 14, and the propeller boss 11 is configured to be rotatable with respect to the propeller shaft 2.

A chamber 11b formed in the propeller boss 11 is screwed with a screw shaft 14 and a crosshead 16, a crosshead 16 and a crank 15
The lubricating oil is filled for smooth sliding of the propeller 13 with respect to the propeller boss 11 and the like. Therefore, a sealing member such as an O-ring is mounted on the sliding surface between the propeller boss 11 and the propeller 13. The O-ring and the O-ring 14c attached between the propeller boss 11 and the screw shaft 14 are configured to prevent the lubricating oil filled in the chamber 11b from leaking to the outside. I have. In the figure, 11d is an O-ring groove.

Thus, propeller boss 11 cranks propeller 13
It is rotatably supported around a shaft 15a of 15 and is configured as a unit in which a screw shaft 14, a crank 15 and a crosshead 16 are mounted, and lubricating oil is sealed therein, and the propeller boss 11 itself is a propeller shaft. 2 is configured to be detachable.

Coupling means for connecting the propeller boss 11 and a differential gear mechanism 18 to be described later detachably to the end face of the propeller boss 11 on the surface opposite to the surface on which the claw 11a is formed. Are protruded at a constant pitch.
The claw 11c and the claw 14b as an engagement means formed on the screw shaft 14 are disposed in the same direction, that is, in a direction facing the casing A, and the differential gear mechanism provided on the casing A side.
It is configured to be able to mesh with the two gear mechanisms constituting 18 so that they can be separated from and connected to each other.

The differential gear mechanism 18 is a gear mechanism (hereinafter, referred to as a “first gear mechanism”) that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the propeller boss 11.
And a gear mechanism for transmitting power from a power source 28 to be described later to the screw shaft 14 constituting the pitch changing means (hereinafter referred to as “second
20). In the present embodiment, the first and second gear mechanisms 19 and 20 are each constituted by a planetary gear mechanism.

The case where the pitch of the propeller 13 is changed by the differential gear mechanism 18 will be briefly described.

The first gear mechanism 19 has a claw formed on the propeller boss 11.
A sun gear 21 formed with a claw 21a for detachably connecting to 11c, a ring gear 22 fixed to the casing A, meshes with the sun gear 21 and the ring gear 22, and revolves around the sun gear 21 while rotating around itself. And the planetary gears 23. The first gear mechanism 19 is driven by the propeller boss 11, and the sun gear 21 rotates at the same speed as the boss 11.

The second gear mechanism 20 includes a sun gear 24 formed with a claw 24a for detachably engaging a claw 14b formed on the screw shaft 14.
And a drive ring gear 25 to which power from a power source 28 is transmitted, and a planet gear 26 meshed with the sun gear 24 and the drive ring gear 25 and connected to a planet gear 23 of the first gear mechanism 19 by a shaft 27. It is configured.

In the differential gear mechanism 18 configured as described above, when it is not necessary to change the pitch of the propeller 13, the power source 28
Is locked without being driven, so that the drive ring gear 25 is also locked. At this time, the sun gear 24 of the second gear mechanism 20 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the propeller boss 11 transmitted via the planetary gear 23 of the first gear mechanism 19. For this reason, the same rotation as the propeller boss 11 is transmitted to the screw shaft 14 via the sun gear 24, and therefore, the screw shaft 14 and the propeller boss 11
No relative speed difference occurs between the two, and the pitch of the propeller 13 maintains a constant value.

When the pitch of the propeller 13 is changed, the power source 28 provided in the casing A is driven, and the power from the power source 28 rotates the dry ring gear 25 constituting the second gear mechanism 20. At this time, the planetary gears 26 constituting the second gear mechanism 20 are replaced with the planetary gears 23 constituting the first gear mechanism 19.
However, the rotation number of the sun gear 24 is different from the rotation number of the propeller boss 11, so that the sun gear 24 and the propeller boss 11 A relative speed difference occurs. When the rotation of the sun gear 24 is transmitted to the screw shaft 14, a relative speed difference occurs between the screw shaft 14 and the propeller boss 11, and the speed difference causes the screw shaft 14 to rotate.
Rotates relative to the propeller boss 11 and moves the crosshead 16 screwed to the screw shaft 14 in the axial direction to crank.
By rotating the shaft 15 about the shaft 15a, the pitch of the propeller 13 can be changed.

When the propeller boss 11 is attached to or detached from the propeller shaft 2 in the marine propulsion device configured as described above,
Nut screwed into screw 2c formed on the shaft end of propeller shaft 2
It can be easily implemented by fastening or detaching 12. That is, the propeller boss 11 is fitted to the propeller shaft 2, the claw 14b serving as the engagement means is engaged with the claw 24a of the second gear mechanism 20 constituting the differential gear mechanism 18, and the claw 11c serving as the coupling means is provided. Is connected to the pawl 21a of the first gear mechanism 19, the torque limiter 10 is mounted on the propeller shaft 2, the spacer 12a is brought into contact with the torque limiter 10, and the nut 12 is screwed into the shaft end of the propeller shaft 2. Thus, the propeller boss 11 and the torque limiter 10 can be attached to the propeller shaft 2, and the propeller boss 11 and the torque limiter 10 can be removed from the propeller shaft 2 by a procedure reverse to the above-described attachment method.

When the propeller boss 11 is exchanged from the propeller shaft 2 as described above, the chamber 11b formed in the propeller boss 11 becomes O
Since it is sealed by a ring or the like, there is no possibility that the lubricating oil filled therein leaks outside.

[Other embodiments]

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the propeller boss, and FIG. 5 is a development explanatory view thereof. In the drawing, the same portions as those in the above-described embodiment and portions having the first function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the drawing, a propeller boss 31 is formed by being divided into a top sleeve 31a and a bottom sleeve 31b, and these sleeves 31a and 31b are integrally formed by fastening them with bolts 32. Inside the propeller boss 31, chambers 31c are formed in accordance with the number of the propellers 13. Chamber 31c
A screw shaft 33 serving as a pitch changing means for changing the pitch of the propeller 13 is mounted via an oil seal 33a, and a cross head 16 screwed with the screw shaft 33, and a crank 15 to which the propeller 13 is attached are mounted. It is inserted.

At the end of the screw shaft 33, a spline 33b serving as an engagement means for detachably engaging with a differential gear mechanism provided on the casing side is engraved. Also bottom sleeve 31b
Is formed at a predetermined position on an end face of the claw 31d as joining means for joining the differential gear mechanism so as to be able to be separated from and brought into contact with the differential gear mechanism.

An O-ring 31e is mounted on the sliding surface between the chamber 31c formed in the propeller boss 31 and the propeller 13, and the chamber 31c is filled with lubricating oil.

The propeller boss 31 configured as described above has the propeller shaft 2
Is detachably attached via a spline.
When the propeller boss 31 is attached to and detached from the propeller shaft 2, the nut 12 serving as an attachment means is fastened to or detached from the shaft end of the propeller shaft 2 so as to be easily implemented.

As described above, in the propeller boss 31, since the chamber 31c formed in the boss 31 is sealed by the O-ring 31e and the oil seal 33a, there is no possibility that the lubricating oil filled therein leaks to the outside.

In each of the above-described embodiments, since there is no insert from outside in the chamber formed in the propeller lab, the internal volume is always constant. For this reason, there is no change in the internal pressure, and therefore, various problems that occur with the change in the internal pressure, such as leakage of lubricating oil or a change in power for driving the screw shaft, do not occur. It becomes possible to drive.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above in detail, when the marine vessel propulsion device of the present invention is used, the propeller is driven by transmitting power to the propeller boss via transmission means including a propeller shaft. Ships can be propelled. The pitch of the propeller is changed by driving a pitch changing means for changing the pitch of the propeller arranged on the propeller boss side by a power source for driving the pitch changing means via a differential gear mechanism. You can do it.

That is, by driving the differential gear mechanism, which is constituted by a gear mechanism rotating in synchronization with the rotation of the propeller boss and a gear mechanism for transmitting rotation to the pitch changing means, by the power source, the two gears are driven. A relative speed difference is generated between the mechanisms, and thus a relative speed difference is generated between the propeller boss and the pitch changing means, and the pitch changing means is driven by the speed difference to change the pitch of the propeller. I can do it.

Also, the pitch changing means is arranged on the propeller boss side,
Forming engagement means for detachably engaging the differential gear mechanism with the pitch changing means, and forming coupling means for detachably connecting the differential gear mechanism with the propeller boss, and Since the mounting means for detachably mounting the propeller boss to the propeller shaft is formed, the propeller boss can be mounted on or removed from the propeller shaft by operating the mounting means. At this time, the propeller boss and the differential gear mechanism can be separated and connected via the coupling means, and the pitch changing means and the differential gear mechanism can be separated and connected via the engagement means.

Therefore, even when the propeller is worn, the worn propeller can be easily replaced, and there is no possibility that the lubricating oil leaks when the propeller is replaced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a ship propulsion device, and FIG.
II-II sectional view, FIG. 3 is a development explanatory view of a propeller boss and a propeller shaft, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a propeller boss in another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a propeller in another embodiment. It is a development view of a boss and a propeller shaft. A is a casing, 2 is a propeller shaft, 10 is a torque limiter, 11 is a propeller boss, 11a and 11c are claws, 11b is a chamber, 12 is a nut, 13 is a propeller, 14 is a screw shaft, 14b is a claw, and 15 is a crank. 16 is the crosshead, 18 is the differential gear mechanism, 19 is the first
Gear mechanism, 20 is a second gear mechanism, 21, 24 are sun gears, 21a, 2
4a is a pawl, 22 is a ring gear, 23 and 26 are planetary gears, 25 is a drive ring gear, 28 is a power source, 31 is a propeller boss, and 33 is a screw shaft.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A propeller for propelling a ship, a propeller boss rotatably supporting the propeller, a transmission means including a propeller shaft for transmitting power to the propeller boss, and a rotatable propeller boss. Pitch changing means fitted to change the pitch of the propeller, sealing means disposed between the propeller boss and the pitch changing means, a power source for driving the pitch changing means,
A differential gear mechanism for transmitting torque from a power source to the pitch changing means, comprising one gear mechanism rotating in synchronization with the rotation of the propeller boss and the other gear mechanism transmitting rotation to the pitch changing means; An engaging means formed on the pitch changing means and the other gear mechanism so as to detachably engage the pitch changing means with the differential gear mechanism; and separating the propeller boss from the differential gear mechanism. A marine vessel propulsion device comprising: coupling means formed on a propeller boss and the one gear mechanism for movably coupling with each other; and mounting means for detachably attaching the propeller boss to a propeller shaft.