JP2647441B2 - Device for tightening multiple bolts in formwork - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for fastening a plurality of bolts for fixing an upper mold frame and a lower mold frame at their peripheral edges.

[Conventional technology]

For example, a formwork configured to mold a concrete pile is composed of upper and lower formworks with large length dimensions, and after putting concrete inside, both upper and lower formworks are fixed with many bolts along the edge. This is performed by centrifugal molding. Since the length of such a formwork is large, a large number of bolts must be arranged along the length direction and fastened to secure the form. At first, the bolts were tightened by an operator with a power wrench for each bolt. However, this operation is inefficient, and as described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-183521. Devices have been devised.

In this conventional example, a plurality of downward power wrenches are arranged on a frame installed on a formwork, the formwork is moved in a longitudinal direction, and when a bolt is located below the power wrench, an operator The wrench is pressed down together with the frame to tighten the bolt.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, according to the related art, since only one power wrench is installed in the longitudinal direction of the mold, the mold and the power wrench are relatively moved in the longitudinal direction of the mold, and the lower side of the power wrench is moved. Every time the bolt of the formwork is located, the power wrench is pushed down to tighten the bolt. In addition, since this work is repeatedly performed from one end of the mold to the other end in accordance with the number of bolts, the work is not only troublesome, but also requires a long time for the entire tightening.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, and has as its object to provide an apparatus capable of tightening each bolt, which is used for the entire formwork and needs to be tightened, by one operation. And

[Means for solving the problem]

The fastening device for a plurality of bolts in a mold according to the present invention includes a beam arranged along the longitudinal direction of the mold, above a mold formed by arranging a large number of bolts along a long edge, and a beam. A supported lifting arm, a number of power wrenches supported by the lifting arm and the tip sockets individually engaging with the bolts, and supported by beams to rotatably support the tip sockets of each power wrench; A socket guide that guides the tip socket with respect to each other, and an elevating device that is supported by a beam and is connected to the elevating arm, and moves the power wrench forward and backward with respect to the bolt by elevating the elevating arm. It becomes.

The lifting arm is supported by a plurality of beams, and a power wrench is supported for each lifting arm. The power wrench has a tip socket connected to the wrench body via a universal joint, and is provided between the lifting device and the lifting arm. In addition to interposing a spring that expands and contracts vertically, a guide rail extending diagonally downward and fixed to the beam, an advance / retreat member engaged with the guide rail so as to advance and retreat and supporting the socket guide, An advance / retreat device that is supported by the advancing / retreating member along the guide rail, and a seat body fixed to the advancing / retreating member and the socket guide and seated on a mold to position the socket guide, A bolt tightening device corresponding to a change in the size of the mold in the width direction can be provided.

[Action]

After the beam is relatively positioned along the longitudinal direction of the formwork on the upper side of the formwork, when the elevating device is operated to lower the elevating arm, each power wrench descends while rotating the tip socket. . At this time, since the tip socket of each power wrench is guided by the socket guide and individually engages with each bolt of the formwork, the power wrench tightens the bolts of the formwork all at once. After the tightening is completed, the lifting device is operated in reverse with the power wrench stopped to raise the lifting arm. This raises the power wrench and separates the tip socket from the bolt. When releasing the tightening of the bolt, the same operation as above is performed, except that the rotation direction of the tip socket of the power wrench is reversed.

Each power wrench is individually supported by each lifting arm, and when a spring that expands and contracts in the vertical direction is interposed between the lifting device and the lifting arm, a part of each tip socket that engages with many bolts Even if the rotation phase between the corner of the bolt head and the corner of the socket is out of alignment and the socket is not engaged with the bolt, and the power wrench does not descend sufficiently,
The lifting arm and power wrench are in the insufficiently lowered position due to the deflection of the spring. Here, between the other engaged bolt and the power wrench, the tightening proceeds by the rotation of the tip socket, but the non-engaged socket and the bolt have the phase of the bolt angle changed by the rotation of the socket. Since they coincide with each other and are pressed by the spring, they are immediately engaged and tightened, and the tightening is completed slightly after the set of the bolt and socket engaged from the beginning. Thus,
The spring between the lifting arm and the lifting device absorbs a shift in the engagement timing between each bolt and each power wrench at the time of bolt tightening at many positions.

Further, a guide rail extending obliquely downward is fixed to the beam, and an advance / retreat member is engaged with the guide rail so as to be able to move forward and backward. By attaching the seat body, the advance / retreat device is advanced / retracted by the advance / retreat device, the socket guide is moved along the guide rail, and the socket of the power wrench can be moved in the width direction of the beam. Therefore, the position of the socket can be set according to the size of the mold. At this time, the socket is reliably positioned with respect to the mold so that the seat body moves and sits on the mold.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 and subsequent figures show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of the whole of which is partially omitted.

A mold 1 is indicated by a symbol 1. The mold 1 used here has a cylindrical shape as a whole including a lower mold 1a and a same mold 1b having a semicircular cross section. Angle material 1c fixed to 1b and angle material fixed to lower mold 1a
1b with upper and lower formwork 1a, 1b
The form 1 itself is known as being used for centrifugal molding of concrete piles, fume pipes and the like. Therefore, detailed description and illustration of the mold will be omitted.

The bolt 2 used for fastening the mold 1 is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. Sho 59-183521, which is described in the section of the prior art, and in the case where the screw is released as shown in FIG. A posture and a position that are maintained constant even in the state of being used are used. This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the bolt 2 in FIG. 6 will be described. The bolt 2 is an angle member fixed to the upper mold 1b of the mold 1.
The collar 2a is disposed in the cylinder 3 fixed to 1c, and the flange 2a slides against the inner surface of the cylinder 3 to prevent it from falling down and is urged upward by a spring, while the top dead center is determined by the ring 5 at the top of the cylinder 3. , The lower dead point is determined by the seat 6. Lower formwork 1a
A nut 7 is fixed to the lower side of the angle member 1d by a cylinder 8 and a ring 9 so as not to rotate, and the bolt 2 is screwed to the nut 7. The left side of the center line is a screwed (tightened) state, and the right side is an opened state. It is assumed that such a bolt 2 is disposed on the mold 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, and is simply indicated by the symbol of the bolt 2 in FIGS.

In FIG. 1, the mold 1 is placed on a trolley 10, and a beam 11 is supported by a support device 12 above the mold 1 and arranged in parallel with the mold 1. The support device 12 may be a device that supports the beam 11 movably like a crane, or may be a device that supports the beam 11 on a ceiling or other fixing structure. In this embodiment, a description will be given assuming that the beam 11 is supported so as to be able to move up and down.

Here, the beam 11 is made of an H-shaped steel, and a guide rail 14 is fixed to a lower surface of the beam 11 via a bracket 13 as shown in FIGS. Guide rail 14 is downward 45
The reciprocating member 15 is engaged with the reciprocating member 15 so as to freely reciprocate. The reciprocating member 15 has a roller 16 which is in rolling contact with the guide rail 14 to facilitate the reciprocation. Further, a female screw member 17 is provided on the advance / retreat member 15, and a screw rod 18 is screwed therethrough, and the advance / retreat member 15 advances and retreats along the guide rail 14 by rotation of the screw rod 18. . The lower end of the screw rod 18 is rotatably supported on the guide rail 14 via a bearing 19, and the upper end is a plate 13a fixed to the bracket 13.
So as to be rotatable and connected to a rotating shaft 21 disposed along the lower surface of the beam 11 via bevel gears 22 and 23 so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 causes the screw rod 18 to rotate. It is composed of The rotary shaft 21 is driven to rotate by a motor 24 with a speed reducer installed on the beam 11 as shown in FIG.
The motor 24, the rotating shaft 21, the bevel gears 22 and 23, and the screw 18 constitute an advance / retreat device 25 that advances and retreats the advance / retreat member 15.

The set of the guide rail 14, the reciprocating member 15, and the screw rod 18
A plurality of advance / retreat members 15 are provided at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the unit 11, and the plurality of advance / retreat members 15 are moved forward / backward by the same rotating shaft 21. The member 15 includes the angle material of the form 1
Seat 27 that sits on 1c and positions socket guide 26
Is fixed.

An elevating arm 29 is pivotally attached to the beam 11 via a bracket 28 at a position shifted from the guide rail 14 in the longitudinal direction of the beam 11. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the lifting arm 29 is pivotable up and down around its pivot point, and is configured to move up and down by this pivoting.
A large number of these are installed along the longitudinal direction of the beam 11. The number and position correspond to the number and position of the bolts 2 installed on the mold 1.

A support bracket 32 is pivotally attached to the elevating arm 29 by a pivot 31 so as to be pivotable about the pivot 31, and the wrench body 33a of the power wrench 33 is supported by the support bracket 32. The power wrench 33 is formed of a so-called impact wrench driven by electric power or fluid pressure, and has a known structure in which when a predetermined torque is applied to the distal socket 33c, the rotary drive portion of the wrench body idles with the distal socket 33c stopped. In this embodiment, in particular, the wrench body 33a and the tip socket 33c are provided via the universal joint 33b.
Are connected to each other, and the tip socket 33c is supported by the socket guide 26 via a bearing 26a so as to be rotatable and movable back and forth in the axial direction. The distal end of the distal end socket 33c is configured to fit into the bolt head of the bolt 2 (not shown). The electric wires or the fluid pressure supply hose for the power wrench 33 are not shown.

The elevating arm 29 is connected to an elevating device 34 and is moved up and down. The lifting device 34 is particularly configured as shown in FIGS. That is, a speed reducer 36 connected to a lifting / lowering motor 35 on the beam 11 and a rotating shaft 37 rotatably supported by the beam 11 are interlocked by a sprocket wheel and a chain. Reciprocating axis via arm 38
When 39 is connected, the rotational motion is converted to a linear motion. Further, the reciprocating shaft 39 is connected to a lifting shaft 42 via a bell crank 41 supported on the beam 11 by a shaft 41a, and the lifting shaft 42 is pivotally attached to a bracket 43 fixed to the lower surface of the beam 11. Connected to 44. The bell crank 41 is installed at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the beam 11, and
The lifting link 44 is also provided at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the beam 11. And the vertical axis between multiple lifting links 44
A vertically extending part of the vertical shaft 45 is disposed below the lifting arm 29 so that the power wrench 33 is raised and lowered. Thus, the lifting device 34 is constituted by the power transmission system from the motor 35 to the horizontal lifting shaft 45.

The lifting horizontal shaft 45 is located below the lifting arm 29,
When the 45 is raised, the lifting arm 29 is raised integrally. On the other hand, a vertical axis 47 is erected on the vertical horizontal axis 45 through the vertical arm 29, and a spring 49 is interposed between a spring seat 48 fixed to the upper end of the vertical axis 47 and the upper surface of the vertical arm 29. When the horizontal axis 45 is lowered, the vertical axis 47, the spring seat 48 and the spring 49
The elevating arm 29 is moved down through this. This is because the plurality of lifting arms 29 and the power wrench 33 are raised and lowered by one lifting horizontal shaft 45, and especially at the time of the lowering, each power wrench 33 has its tip socket 33.
The case where c smoothly engages with the bolt 2 and the case where it does not (the case where the engagement is not smooth such as when there is a difference in the rotational phase between the hexagon of the head of the bolt 2 and the hexagon of the tip of the tip socket 33c). When there is both, the difference is absorbed by the bending of the spring 49. That is, if the engagement is not smooth, the power wrench 33 cannot be sufficiently lowered, so that the lowering amount of the lifting arm 29 must be reduced. At this time, the spring 49 bends, so that the descending amount of only the elevating arm 29 is reduced, and the elevating arm 29 of the other power wrench 33 smoothly engaged can be sufficiently lowered.

In each of the above configurations, the same members as described above are also configured on the opposite side of the beam 11 and the mold 1 in the width direction. That is, in FIGS. 3 to 5, the members shown in the figure also appear on the left side symmetrically with the right side via the center line shown by the chain line. However, the lifting motor
35 and the speed reducer 36 are installed at the center in the width direction of the beam 11 and only one may be used. If the sprocket wheel and the chain reaching the rotating shaft 37 are also those shown in FIG.
It is not necessary to be on the opposite side of. In this case, the rotating shaft 37 may be penetrated to the opposite side of the beam, and the crank arm and the reciprocating shaft similar to those illustrated may be connected thereto.

 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

First, a trolley 10 on which the form 1 with concrete has been placed
The beam 11 is moved onto the mold 1 after stopping the mold 1 (or an alternative transfer device) with the mold 1 in a predetermined position. Beam
The mold 11 and the mold 1 are parallel to each other, and the center of the beam 11 in the width direction is directly above the center line of the mold 1 in the width direction. At this time,
The position in the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3) of the advance / retreat member 15 is determined in advance according to the diameter of the mold 1.

Adjustment of the position of the advance / retreat member 15 is performed by operating the advance / retreat device 25, that is, by rotating the motor 24 with a speed reducer.
The rotation is performed by rotating the screw rod 18 via 21. Screw rod 18
The reciprocation member 15 moves along the guide rail 14 by the rotation of. Thus, the predetermined rotation speed of the motor 24 is confirmed, or the motor 24 is rotated until the advance / retreat member 15 reaches the position of a scale (not shown in the drawing) provided on the guide rail 14 in advance. It is set at a predetermined position that matches the diameter of the frame 1.

This determines the position of the seat body 27 in the same direction.
The relative position between the beam and the beam 11 is determined as described above. By determining the position of the reciprocating member 15 in advance, the socket guide
Since the position of the tip socket 33c of the power wrench 33 in the width direction is also determined via the 26, the relative position of the beam 11 with respect to the mold 1 is determined by the seating of the seat 27 as described above. The tip socket 33c of the wrench 33 is located at a position facing the upper side of each bolt 2 of the mold 1.

Then, the power wrench 33 is rotated and the lifting device 34
To lower the power wrench 33. Power wrench 33
Is lowered by rotating the lift motor 35. This rotation is transmitted from the speed reducer 36 to the crank arm 38 via the rotating shaft 37 and converted into horizontal movement of the reciprocating shaft 39, and further converted by the bell crank 41 into the downward movement of the elevating shaft 42. When the lifting shaft 42 descends, the lifting link 44
Descends with turning and pushes down the vertical shaft 45. The vertical axis 47 and the spring seat 48 are lowered integrally by the lowering of the horizontal axis 45, and the vertical arm 29 is pushed down via the spring 49. The power wrench 33 is lowered by the lowering of the elevating arm 29, and the leading socket 33c is guided by the socket guide 26 to engage with the bolt 2, and is rotated to tighten. When tightening is completed and the torque of the tip socket 33c increases to a predetermined value or more,
It is known that the power wrench 33 idles. Note that the timing of the start of rotation and the start of lowering of the power wrench 33 may be earlier or simultaneously.

Here, in some of the plurality of power wrenches 33, when there is a deviation in the rotational phase between the hexagon of the two bolt heads and the hexagonal recess at the tip of the tip socket 33c, even if the power wrench 33 is lowered. It may not be possible to immediately engage with the bolt 2.
At this time, the other power wrench 33 engages with the corresponding bolt 2 as predetermined, but cannot partially engage with the corresponding bolt 2, so that the lowering becomes insufficient. The difference in the descending amount of each power wrench 33 is absorbed by the bending of the spring 49.
Note that the rotation of the power wrench 33 causes the phase of the angle in the rotation direction of the tip socket 33c and the bolt 2 to be immediately coincident and engaged, so that the power wrench 33,
Is immediately lowered, and the bolt 2 is rotated and tightened similarly to the other power wrench 33.

The bolt 2 engaged with the power wrench 33 with a delay is empirically grasped for the time to complete the tightening, and the rotation of the power wrench 33 is stopped according to the elapse of the time. Operate in reverse. As a result, the vertical shaft 45 rises and pushes up the lifting arm 29, thereby pulling up the power wrench 33. As a result, the power wrench 33 is removed from the bolt 2, and the tightening of the bolt 2 is completed.
Thereafter, if the beam 11 is raised and the seat body 27 is separated from the mold 1, the mold 1 can be moved to another.

When removing concrete products, power wrench 33
The bolt 2 can be loosened by performing other operations in the same manner as described above, except that the rotation direction of the bolt 2 is opposite to the tightening direction.

When the bolts 2 are to be tightened again with respect to the form 1 having the same dimensions, the position of the socket guide 26 can be kept the same, so that the operation of the advance / retreat device 25 becomes unnecessary, and the elevation of the beam 11 and the operation of the elevation device 34 Then, the operation of starting and stopping the power wrench 33 may be performed. When the bolts 2 are tightened with respect to the diameter frames 1 having different diameters, the advance / retreat member 15, the socket guide 26, and the seat 27 are set in accordance with the diameter frame 1 by operating the advance / retreat device 25. In FIG. 3, the case of the mold 1 having a small diameter is indicated by a chain line. In this case, the arrangement is such as the advancing / retreating member 15 and the seat 27 shown by the chain line. When the diameter of the mold 1 is small, or when the diameter is large, the distance between the center of the mold 1 and the beam 11 changes as described above. The position to lower,
It is changed according to the distance.

By the way, if the lower surface of the beam 11 is provided with a device for gripping the frame 1b, the upper mold for the lower mold 1a by the beam 11 is provided.
The attachment and detachment of 1b can be performed continuously to the bolt tightening operation. In this case, when the beam 11 grips the upper mold 1b at another position where the upper mold 1b is placed, each power wrench 33 is arranged above each bolt 2 of the upper mold 1b. become.

In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a mold 1 for concrete products such as concrete piles, but may be applied to a mold 1 used for other purposes.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a large number of bolts can be simultaneously tightened and released by simply operating the lifting device. Further, since a spring that expands and contracts in the vertical direction is interposed between the lifting device and the lifting arm, it is possible to absorb a shift in the engagement timing in a plurality of sets of each bolt and each power wrench. Further, a guide rail fixed to the beam, an advancing / retracting member engaged with the guide rail, and an advancing / retracting device for advancing / retreating the guide rail,
Since the socket guide and the seat for positioning the socket guide are provided, there is an effect that the bolts can be tightened and released as described above even for molds having different dimensions in the width direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a guide rail portion,
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a power wrench portion, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a lifting link portion of the lifting device, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an example of a bolt. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Formwork, 2 ... Bolt, 11 ... Beam, 12 ... Support device, 14 ... Guide rail, 15 ... Advance / retreat member, 18 ... Screw rod, 21 ... Rotary shaft, 24 ... Motor, 25 ... Retreat device, 26
…… Socket guide, 27 …… Seat, 29 …… Elevating arm,
33… Power wrench, 33a… Wrench body, 33b… Universal joint, 33c… Tip socket, 34… Lifting device, 35… Motor, 36… Reduction gear, 45… Lifting horizontal shaft, 47… … Vertical axis, 48
…… Spring seat, 49 …… Spring.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A beam arranged along a longitudinal direction of an elongate form having a plurality of bolts arranged along a long edge thereof, and a plurality of lifting arms supported by the beam. And a plurality of power wrenches individually supported by each lifting arm, a tip socket is connected to the wrench body via a universal joint, and each tip socket is individually engaged with the bolt; and An elevating device that is connected to each of the elevating arms via a spring that expands and contracts in the vertical direction, and that elevates the elevating arm, moves the power wrench forward and backward with respect to the bolt, and extends the beam obliquely downward. A fixed guide rail, an advancing / retracting member movably engaged with the guide rail, and a rotatably supporting a tip socket of a power wrench supported by the advancing / retracting member, and guiding the tip socket to each bolt. A socket guide supported by a beam, a reciprocating device for reciprocating the reciprocating member along a guide rail, and a seat body fixed to the reciprocating member and the socket guide and seated on a mold to position the socket guide. And a device for tightening a plurality of bolts in a mold.