JP2643633B2 - Power combiner / distributor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power combining / distributing apparatus for combining two high-frequency signals having different frequencies in a frequency band equal to or higher than a very high frequency band or distributing the signals to two high-frequency signals.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 9 shows a branch line type hybrid circuit of a first conventional example (for example, Miyauchi et al., "Microwave Circuit for Communication", IEICE, October 1981).
See month, pp59. ).

As shown in FIG. 9, transmission lines 11 to 14 each having a line length of λg / 4 (where λg is a guide wavelength on a transmission line of a high-frequency signal to be transmitted) are annularly and electrically connected in series. , And connection points between adjacent transmission lines are used as input / output terminals T1 to T4, respectively. Here, when the branch line type hybrid circuit is used as a power combining device, two input terminals T1,
T2 and between the two output terminals T3, the transmission line 11, 13 T4 are connected to have a transmission impedance Z _0, input and output terminals T1, T3, and between input and output terminals T2, T4
Transmission line 12, 14 which are connected between has a "number 1" transfer impedance, furthermore, the terminal T4 is terminated by equal resistance R _L in the transmission impedance Z _0.

[0004]

(Equation 1)

In the branch line type hybrid circuit configured as described above, when, for example, first and second high frequency signals having different frequencies are input to the input terminals T1 and T2, the high frequency signals are combined, and After the composite signal of the high-frequency signal is divided into two with the power reduced by 3 dB, one of the composite signals after distribution is output to the output terminal T.
3 and the other synthesized signal is output to an output terminal T4. In this branch line type hybrid circuit, since the output terminal T4 is terminated by the resistor _RL , the composite signal output to the output terminal T4 is consumed by the resistor _RL as heat energy, and the power is reduced by 3 dB. The synthesized signal is output to the output terminal T3. The first conventional branch line hybrid circuit is a reversible circuit and can be used as a power distribution circuit as is well known.

FIG. 10 shows a second conventional power combining and distributing apparatus provided with two channel filters and used as an antenna sharing apparatus. In FIG. 10, the dielectric resonators DR6 and DR7 are shown by equivalent circuits, and the same components as those in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIG. 10, this second conventional power combining and distributing device includes dielectric resonators DR6 and D4, respectively.
Each output terminal of the band-pass filters 61 and 62 having R7 is electrically connected to the output terminal T3 via transmission lines TL61 and TL62 for impedance matching. The band-pass filter 61 for passing only the first high-frequency signal of the frequency f ₁ is composed of input / output coils L ₆₁ and L ₆₄ and a dielectric resonator DR6.
R6, the inductance L _62, L ₆₃ and consists of a parallel resonant circuit with the capacitor C ₆ and the loss resistance R ₆ is connected in parallel. Here, the inductance L ₆₂ together with is electromagnetically coupled by inductive coupling + M on the input side coil L _61, the inductance L ₆₃ is electromagnetically coupled by inductive coupling + M on the output side coil L _64. Further, the band pass filter 62 which passes only the second high-frequency signal of frequency f ₂
Is provided with a dielectric resonator DR7 and has the same configuration as that of the band-pass filter 61 except that the signal pass band is different from that of the band-pass filter 61. Incidentally, using methods known in the impedance matching, the electrical length from the connection point of the output terminal T3 to the ground end of the coil L ₆₄ through a transmission line TL61 and the coil L _64, and the transmission line from the connection point of the output terminal T3 electrical length to the ground end of the coil L ₇₄ via TL62 and coil L ₇₄ is set to an odd multiple of lambda] g / 4, respectively. The power combining and distributing device of the second conventional example is a reversible circuit and can be used as a power distributing device as is known.

In the second conventional power combiner / distributor configured as described above, when the first and second high-frequency signals are input to the input terminals T1 and T2 from the respective transmitters,
The first high-frequency signal passes through the band-pass filter 61 and is output to the output terminal T3, and the second high-frequency signal passes through the band-pass filter 62 and is output to the output terminal T3. Since the band pass filters 61 and 62 having different signal pass bands are used, it is possible to prevent a signal from another channel from sneaking into a transmitter as a signal source.

According to the simulations of the present inventor, for example, a second conventional power combining and distributing apparatus is constituted by using the dielectric resonators DR6 and DR7 whose unloaded Q (Q ₀ ) is 50,000. In this case, the passing loss of the first and second high-frequency signals in the power combiner / distributor is 1.37 [dB].
, Which is significantly reduced as compared with the first conventional hybrid circuit.

[0010]

In the above-described hybrid circuit of the first conventional example, two input high-frequency signals are combined with their power reduced by 3 dB and output.
In the second conventional power combining and distributing apparatus, the no-load Q
Even when a band-pass filter is formed using a dielectric resonator having a relatively high (Q ₀ ), there is a problem that the high-frequency signal transmission loss is still high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a power that can combine two high-frequency signals having different frequencies with each other and distribute the two high-frequency signals to two high-frequency signals with a lower passing loss than the conventional example. It is to provide a synthesis and distribution device.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power combining and distributing apparatus for combining two high-frequency signals having first and second frequencies different from each other, or
And a power combining and distributing device for distributing the signal into two high-frequency signals having a second frequency and a second frequency.
Operating in the frequency range from the second frequency to the second frequency, the first and second terminals forming a pair, and the third and fourth terminals forming a pair.
A first and a second hybrid circuit, each of which has at least a fifth terminal, a fifth terminal, a sixth terminal, and a fifth terminal. After combining the two high-frequency signals input to the fifth and sixth terminals, respectively, such that the two high-frequency signals to be combined have the same phase, the combined high-frequency signal is output to the seventh terminal. A circuit, each having an input terminal and operating at least in the frequency range, wherein a first high-frequency signal having the first frequency and a second high-frequency signal having the second frequency are connected to the input terminal. When input, the first and second high-frequency signals are reflected such that the phases of the first and second high-frequency signals at the time of reflection at the input terminal are inverted. And a resonance circuit. A third terminal of the bridging circuit is connected to the second terminal via a first transmission line having a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to an average frequency of the first frequency and the second frequency. A second transmission line electrically connected to a first terminal of the hybrid circuit, wherein the fourth terminal of the first hybrid circuit has a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency. And a second terminal of the second hybrid circuit having a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency. A third terminal of the second hybrid circuit, which is electrically connected to a fifth terminal of the combining circuit via a third transmission line.
From the third terminal of the second hybrid circuit to the first terminal
A first line length in which the line length from the input terminal of the resonance circuit to the ground terminal of the first resonance circuit is 1/4 of the guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency; A fourth transmission line having a predetermined line length that is a sum of a second line length that is a natural number multiple and being electrically connected to an input terminal of the first resonance circuit; And the line length from the fourth terminal of the second hybrid circuit to the ground terminal of the second resonance circuit via the input terminal of the second resonance circuit is equal to the average length of the line. A fifth line having a predetermined line length that is the sum of a third line length that is 1/4 of the guide wavelength corresponding to the frequency and a fourth line length that is 0 or a natural number multiple of the guide wavelength. It is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second resonance circuit via the transmission line. And butterflies.

[0013] The power combining and distributing apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the power combining and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, the combining circuit is a hybrid circuit.

Further, a power combining and distributing device according to a third aspect is characterized in that, in the power combining and distributing device according to the first aspect, the combining circuit is a Y-type power combining and distributing circuit.

Further, the power combining and distributing device according to claim 4 is the power combining and distributing device according to claim 2, wherein the combining circuit further has an eighth terminal paired with the seventh terminal. , The eighth terminal is terminated by a resistor.

[0016]

In the power combining and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, the first and second high-frequency signals are respectively transmitted to the first and second high-frequency circuits of the first hybrid circuit.
The first hybrid circuit combines the first and second high-frequency signals and distributes the two, and distributes one of the distributed high-frequency signals to its third terminal and the first terminal. Via the transmission line to the first terminal of the second hybrid circuit and the other high-frequency signal after the distribution via the fourth terminal and the second transmission line. 6 is output. Then, the second
The hybrid circuit of the first aspect divides the high-frequency signal input to the first terminal into two, and distributes one of the divided high-frequency signals through the third terminal and the fourth transmission line to the first resonance circuit. And the other high-frequency signal after the distribution is output to the second resonance circuit via the fourth terminal and the fifth transmission line. Further, the first resonance circuit converts the first and second high-frequency signals input to the input terminal into an inverted relationship such that each phase of the first and second high-frequency signals at the time of reflection at the input terminal is inverted. Then, the light is reflected and output to the third terminal of the second hybrid circuit via the input terminal and the fourth transmission line. Further, the second resonance circuit converts the first and second high-frequency signals input to the input terminal into an inverted relationship such that each phase of the first and second high-frequency signals at the time of reflection at the input terminal is inverted. Then, the light is reflected and output to the fourth terminal of the second hybrid circuit via the input terminal and the fifth transmission line.

Next, the second hybrid circuit includes:
The respective high-frequency signals input to the third and fourth terminals are combined and then divided into two, and one of the divided high-frequency signals is output to the first terminal, and the other of the divided high-frequency signals is output to the first terminal. To its second terminal. Here, the first
And the second resonance circuit are respectively input to the first and second resonance circuits.
Are reflected and output such that the phases of the first and second high-frequency signals at the time of reflection at the input terminal are in an inverted relationship. Therefore, when the first and second high-frequency signals are input to the first terminal of the second hybrid circuit, the first and second high-frequency signals are transmitted via the third and fourth terminals.
The two high-frequency signals of the first and second high-frequency signals, which are reflected after being input to the resonance circuit of the above and returned to the first terminal via the third and fourth terminals, have opposite phases, respectively.
No high-frequency signal appears at the first terminal of the second hybrid circuit. Also, at this time, the light is input to the first and second resonance circuits via the third and fourth terminals of the second hybrid circuit, is reflected, and is reflected via the third and fourth terminals. The two high-frequency signals of the first and second high-frequency signals returning to the second terminal are in phase with each other, and the two high-frequency signals of the first and second high-frequency signals are respectively combined to form the first and second high-frequency signals. The second hybrid circuit outputs the signal from the second terminal to the fifth terminal of the synthesis circuit.

Further, the synthesizing circuit includes the fifth and sixth circuits.
After the two high-frequency signals respectively input to the terminals are combined so that the two high-frequency signals to be combined have the same phase, the combined high-frequency signal is output to the seventh terminal.

Therefore, when the first and second high-frequency signals are input to the first and second terminals of the first hybrid circuit, respectively, the second hybrid circuit and the synthesis circuit are synthesized respectively. Since the two high-frequency signals of the first and second high-frequency signals are combined so that each of the two high-frequency signals has the same phase, the passing loss during the combining process of the power combining and distributing apparatus is substantially reduced. The first
And only the reflection loss of the second resonance circuit, and a power combining and distributing device that combines each high-frequency signal of two different frequencies with a passage loss greatly reduced as compared with the conventional example. .

Further, when the first and second hybrid circuits and the synthesizing circuit are each constituted by a reversible circuit, the seventh terminal of the synthesizing circuit is used to synthesize the first and second high-frequency signals. When a signal is input, a first high-frequency signal, a second high-frequency signal, a second high-frequency signal, and a first high-frequency signal are respectively separated into first and second terminals of the first hybrid circuit. Thus, it is possible to realize a power combining and distributing device that distributes the signals to two high-frequency signals having two different frequencies with a greatly reduced passage loss as compared with the conventional example.

Further, in the power combining and distributing apparatus according to the second aspect, in the power combining and distributing apparatus according to the first aspect,
Preferably, the combining circuit is a hybrid circuit.

Further, in the power combining and distributing device according to the third aspect, in the power combining and distributing device according to the first aspect, preferably, the combining circuit is a Y-type power combining and distributing circuit.

Still further, in the power combiner / distributor according to the fourth aspect, in the power combiner / distributor according to the second aspect, preferably, the combiner circuit further includes an eighth paired with the seventh terminal. A terminal, and the eighth terminal is terminated by a resistor. The resistor can absorb power generated at the eighth terminal due to manufacturing variations in the respective reflection losses of the first and second resonance circuits and the phase shift amounts of the respective circuits of the power combiner.

[0024]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the description will be made while ignoring the loss in each hybrid circuit and each transmission line.

<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 shows a power combining / distributing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the same components as those in FIGS. 9 and 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The power combining and distributing apparatus according to the first embodiment comprises:
A power combining / distributing device that combines two high-frequency signals having different frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ or distributes the two high-frequency signals into two high-frequency signals, and includes three so-called 3 dB directional couplers having the same configuration. It has hybrid circuits 1, 2, 3 and one terminal P14,
P22 is electrically connected, two terminals P31 and P32 of the hybrid circuit 3 are connected to the other terminals P13 and P21 of the pair of connected terminals, respectively. The two high-frequency signals of frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ input to the input terminals are respectively applied to the two terminals P 33 and P 34 forming the input terminals with a predetermined input terminal reflection coefficient having a relatively small absolute value and the reflected frequency f ₁ The phase of the high-frequency signal (the phase when the phase of each high-frequency signal at the time of input to the input terminal is the reference phase 0 °,
It is called the reflection phase. ) Is 90 ° and the reflection phase of the reflected high-frequency signal of frequency f ₂ is −90 °,
That is, the invention is characterized in that the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 that reflect so that the phases of the respective high frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ at the time of reflection have an inversion relation are electrically connected.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a case where the power combiner / distributor of the first embodiment is used as a power combiner.

As shown in FIG. 1, input terminals T1 and T2 of the power combiner / distributor are connected to input terminals P11 and P12 of the hybrid circuit 1, respectively. The hybrid circuit 1 combines the high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ input to the input terminals P11 and P12, and distributes the composite signal of each of the high-frequency signals by reducing the power by 3 dB and dividing the signal into two. The other synthesized signal is output to an output terminal P13, and the other synthesized signal after distribution is output to an output terminal P14.
Output to Here, the high-frequency signal of frequency f ₁ to be output to the output terminal P14 has only late phases 90 ° than the high-frequency signal of frequency f ₁ to be output to the output terminal P13,
High-frequency signal of a frequency f ₂ which is output to the output terminal P13 has only late phases 90 ° than the high-frequency signal of frequency f ₂ to be output to the output terminal P14. Hybrid circuits 2 and 3, which will be described in detail later, also combine, distribute, and output the high-frequency signals input in the same phase relationship as hybrid 1.

The output terminal P13 of the hybrid circuit 1
The output terminal P14 of the hybrid circuit 3 is connected to the input terminal P22 of the hybrid circuit 2. Furthermore, each terminal P3 of the hybrid circuit 3
3 and P34 are connected to the input terminals of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5, respectively.

When high frequency signals of frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ are input to the input terminals of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5, the respective resonance circuits 4 and 5 convert the input high frequency signals into predetermined input signals. in the end the reflection coefficient and the reflection to the input end such that the reflection phase is -90 ° in the frequency f ₂ of the high-frequency signal reflection phase is reflected a 90 ° reflected the frequency f ₁ of the high-frequency signal Output. The terminal P32 of the hybrid circuit 3 is connected to the input terminal P21 of the hybrid circuit 2. The hybrid circuit 3 is a reversible circuit, and the hybrid circuit 1
Works the same as.

Similarly to the hybrid circuit 1, the hybrid circuit 2 combines the high-frequency signals input to the respective input terminals P21 and P22 and distributes them, and outputs a composite signal of the high-frequency signals whose power is reduced by 3 dB. Terminals P23, P2
4 is output. Further, the output terminal P23 of the hybrid circuit 2 is connected to the output terminal T3 of the power combiner / distributor, and the output terminal P24 of the hybrid circuit 2 is connected to the output terminal T.
Is connected to the 4, the output terminal T4 is terminated by the terminating resistor R _L is equal to the transmission impedance Z _0.

[0032] In power combining and distributing device constructed as described above, frequency f ₁ of the high-frequency signal via the input terminal T1 is inputted to the input terminal P11 of the hybrid circuit 1 and frequency f ₂ of the high frequency signal input terminal T2 , The hybrid circuit 1 combines the high-frequency signals input to the input terminals P11 and P12 and distributes them into two, and the high-frequency signals whose power is reduced by 3 dB Output terminal P
13 and output to the terminal P31 of the hybrid circuit 3 and the other synthesized signal to the input terminal P22 of the hybrid circuit 2 via the output terminal P14.

The hybrid circuit 3 divides the high-frequency signal input to the terminal P31 into two, and then applies one of the divided high-frequency signals via the terminal P33 in the same phase relationship as that of the hybrid circuit 1 described above. Inversion type resonance circuit 4
And the other high-frequency signal to terminal P3
4 to the phase inversion type resonance circuit 5. here,
The high frequency signals input to the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 include the high frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ , and the phase inversion type resonance circuit 4 converts the high frequency signals input to the input terminals. ,
A predetermined input reflection coefficient, and reflection phases of the frequency f ₂ of the high-frequency signal reflection phase is reflected a 90 ° reflected the frequency f ₁ of the high frequency signal is reflected to be a -90 ° The signal is output to the terminal P33 of the hybrid circuit 3 through the input terminal, and the phase inversion type resonance circuit 5 reflects each high frequency signal input to the input terminal similarly to the phase inversion type resonance circuit 4, and Hybrid circuit 3 through the end
To the terminal P34.

The hybrid circuit 3 has terminals P33 and P33.
After synthesizing each of the high-frequency signals input to 34, the signal is divided into two,
One of the high-frequency signals whose power has decreased by 3 dB is output to the output terminal P31, and the other composite signal is output to the input terminal P21 of the hybrid circuit 2 via the output terminal P32. Further, the hybrid circuit 2 combines the respective high-frequency signals input to the respective input terminals P21 and P22 and distributes them, and outputs one composite signal of the respective high-frequency signals whose power has decreased by 3 dB via the output terminal P23. In addition to the output to the terminal T3, the other combined signal is output to the terminating resistor _RL via the output terminal P24 and the output terminal T4.

Table 1 shows the phases of the respective high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ at the respective set points when the power combining and distributing apparatus of the first embodiment is used as a power combining circuit.

[0036]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, when the phase of each high-frequency signal input to the input terminals T1 and T2 is set to the reference phase 0 °, the phase θ of each high-frequency signal of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ is 0 ° ≦ θ.
It is shown in the range of <360 °.

As is evident from Table 1, each high-frequency signal input to the terminal P31 of the hybrid circuit 3 is divided into two by the hybrid circuit 3 in the above-described phase relationship as shown at TB1, and the respective terminals P33 and P34 are supplied to the terminals P33 and P34. The signals are output to the respective phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 via the inverter. Next, as indicated by TB2, the phase inversion type resonance circuit 4 reflects each high-frequency signal input to the input terminal by reflecting the high-frequency signal of the frequency f ₁ by delaying the phase thereof by 90 °, and reflecting the frequency f ₂ The high frequency signal is reflected with its phase delayed by -90 °, and each high frequency signal is output to the terminal P33 of the hybrid circuit 3 via the input terminal, and the phase inversion type resonance circuit 5 is output.
, Like the phase inversion type resonance circuit 4, reflects each high-frequency signal input to the input terminal and outputs it to the terminal P 34 of the hybrid circuit 3 via the input terminal.

Next, the hybrid circuit 3
The high-frequency signals input to 33 and P34 are combined and distributed in the above-described phase relationship, and output to terminals P31 and P32. That is, as indicated by TB3 in Table 1, the high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ output from the terminal P33 of the hybrid circuit 3 to the terminal P32 via the hybrid circuit 3 are respectively connected to the terminal P34 of the hybrid circuit 3. Are in phase with the high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ output to the terminal P32 via the hybrid circuit 3 from the
As shown in TB4, the terminal P33 of the hybrid circuit 3
Each high frequency signal of the frequency f _1, f _2, which is outputted to the terminal P31 through the hybrid circuit 3 from the frequency f ₁ output from the terminal P34 of the hybrid circuit 3 via the hybrid circuit 3 to the terminal P31 , F ₂ in opposite phase with each other. Therefore, the hybrid circuit 3
At the terminal P32, the respective high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ reflected from the respective phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 are in-phase and combined, and output to the input terminal P21 of the hybrid circuit 2. At the terminal P31, the reflected high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ are out of phase with each other and cancel each other, so that the high-frequency signals are not reflected on the hybrid circuit 1 side.

Further, the hybrid circuit 2 includes a terminal P
The high-frequency signals input to P21 and P22 are combined and distributed in the above-described phase relationship and output to terminals P23 and P24. That is, as indicated by TB5 in Table 1, the input terminal P21 of the hybrid circuit 2
The high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ output to the output terminal T3 via the input terminal P22 of the hybrid circuit 2 via the hybrid circuit 2
3 has the same phase as the respective high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ output to the hybrid circuit 2.
Frequency f ₁ from the input terminal P21 via the hybrid circuit 2 is output to the output terminal T4 of each of the high-frequency signal f ₂ from the input terminal P22 via the hybrid circuit 2 the output of the hybrid circuit 2 terminal T4 Has the opposite phase to the high frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ output to Therefore, at the output terminal T3, the high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ are both synthesized and output in phase, and at the output terminal T4, the high-frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ are both out of phase. And cancel each other out, almost no output. Accordingly, the passing loss of the power combining / distributing apparatus configured as described above is substantially only the reflection loss of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5, and has a greatly reduced passing loss as compared with the conventional example. A power combining and distributing device can be realized.

Since a high-frequency signal may be generated at the output terminal T4 due to manufacturing variations in the reflection loss of each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 and the phase shift amount of each circuit, the device of this embodiment is not used. , To absorb the power of that high frequency signal,
The output terminal T4 is terminated by a resistor _RL .

In the power combining and distributing apparatus of this embodiment,
When two high-frequency signals having phases θ ₁ and θ ₂ are input to the input terminals P21 and P22 or the terminals P34 and P33 of the hybrid circuit 2 or 3, respectively, θ ₂ −θ ₁ = 2n
When each high-frequency signal is input in a relationship of π + π / 2 (where n is a natural number), a composite signal of each high-frequency signal is output to the output terminal P23 or the terminal P32 of the hybrid circuit 2 or 3; The feature of the hybrid circuits 2 and 3 that the synthesized signal is not output to the terminal P24 or P31 is used. That is, this hybrid circuit 3
Wherein with use of, by combining a hybrid circuit 3 and the phase inversion type resonant circuit 4,5, causes both pass through each high-frequency signal of frequency f _1, f ₂ output from the output terminal P13 of the hybrid circuit 1 as apparent from Table 1, it constitutes a phase inversion-type bandpass filter for inverting only the phase high frequency signal of the frequency f _1. Further, one of the composite signals distributed by the hybrid circuit 1 that has passed through the phase inversion type band-pass filter and the other composite signal that has not been passed through the phase inversion type band-pass filter are divided into a hybrid circuit 2 As described above, the power combining and distributing apparatus having greatly reduced passage loss is realized by combining using the above characteristics.

In the above description of the first embodiment, the case where the power combiner / distributor is used as a power combiner is described. However, since each circuit of the power combiner is a reversible circuit, It can be used as a power distribution device. That is, when the composite signal of the high frequency signals of the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ is input to the terminal T3 of the device,
Together with the high-frequency signal of frequency f ₁ is outputted to the terminal T1, the high-frequency signal of frequency f ₂ is outputted to the terminal T2.

Each transmission line in the first embodiment is a known microwave line such as a waveguide, a microstrip line, a triplate line, a coaxial line, a quasi-millimeter wave line, or a millimeter wave line. Can be realized.

In the above-described first embodiment, the level of the composite signal input to the input terminal P21 of the hybrid circuit 2 is due to the reflection loss of each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5.
Although it is lower than the level of the synthesized signal input to the input terminal P22, in order to eliminate this level difference, the hybrid circuit 3 is connected between the output terminal P14 of the hybrid circuit 1 and the input terminal P22 of the hybrid circuit 2. Loss when transmitting through each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 (essentially,
An attenuator equal to the loss due to each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5) may be inserted.

In the first embodiment, the hybrid circuit 2 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in (1), a Y-type power combining and distributing circuit 7 may be used in place of the hybrid circuit 2. The Y-type power combining and distributing circuit 7 in this modification includes three transmission lines TL71 to TL71.
L73, and the input terminal P21 is a transmission line TL7 having a line length of λg / 4 and a transmission impedance of “Equation 2”.
3 via is electrically connected to the output terminal T3, input terminal P22 is, lambda] g / 4 and the transmission line TL71 of the transfer impedance Z ₀ having a line length of, lambda] g / 4 transmission impedance "Number 2 having a line length Is electrically connected to the output terminal T3 via the transmission line TL72. Where λ
g is a guide wavelength on each transmission line at the center frequency f ₀ defined by the following “Equation 3”, and is the same in the following embodiments.

[0047]

(Equation 2)

(Equation 3)

Further, instead of the Y-type power combining / distributing circuit shown in FIG. 5, a power combining / distributing device such as a Wilkinson coaxial combining / distributing device may be used.

<Second Embodiment> FIG. 2 shows a power combining / distributing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the dielectric resonators DR1 and DR2 are shown by an equivalent circuit, and the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The power combining and distributing apparatus according to the second embodiment comprises:
In the power combining and distributing apparatus of the first embodiment, branch line type hybrid circuits are used as the hybrid circuits 1, 2, 3 respectively, and each parallel resonance circuit composed of the dielectric resonators DR1, DR2 as the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4, 5 respectively. It is characterized by using a circuit.

Hereinafter, the case where the power combining / distributing device of the second embodiment is used as a power combining device will be described.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hybrid circuit 1
Are λg /
The transmission line 11 has input terminals P11 and P12 at both ends, and the transmission line 13 has output terminals P13 and P14 at both ends. Here, each of the transmission lines 11 and 13 has a transmission impedance Z ₀ , and each of the transmission lines 12 and 14
Have transmission impedance "Equation 1". The input terminals P11 and P12 are input terminals T1 and T2, respectively.
Connected to. The output terminal P13 is connected to the terminal P31 of the hybrid circuit 3 via the transmission line TL2 transmission impedance Z ₀ having a line length of lambda] g, the output terminal P14 is transmitted in the transmission impedance Z ₀ having a line length of lambda] g It is connected to the input terminal P22 of the hybrid circuit 2 via the line TL1.

Like the hybrid circuit 1, the hybrid circuit 3 is constituted by transmission lines 31 to 34 which are connected in a ring and electrically in series and each have a line length of λg / 4. P31 and P32, and terminals P33 and P34 at both ends of the transmission line 33. Here, the terminal P33 is a transmission line TL11 for impedance matching of the transmission impedance Z ₀ and for adjusting the amount of phase shift.
And is connected to ground end of the coil L ₁₁ via the input-output coil L ₁₁ of the phase inversion type resonant circuit 4, the terminal P34 is impedance matching and phase shift adjustment transmission line TL12 and the phase inversion of the transfer impedance Z ₀ It is connected to the ground end of the coil L ₂₁ via the input-output coil L ₂₁ type resonant circuit 5. The terminal P32 is connected to the input terminal P21 of the hybrid circuit 2 via a transmission line TL3 transmission impedance Z ₀ having a line length of lambda] g.

The phase inversion type resonance circuit 4 includes a transmission line TL1
1 and consists of the input-output coil L ₁₁ and the dielectric resonator DR1 Prefecture, the dielectric resonator DR1, the inductance L
_12, L ₁₃ and capacitor C ₁ and the loss resistance R ₁ is connected in parallel and composed of a parallel resonance circuit to which one end of each element is connected to ground. Here, the inductance L ₁₂ is electromagnetically coupled by inductive coupling + M to input-output coil L _11, one end of the output coil L ₁₁ is connected to the transmission line TL11, the other end thereof is connected to ground. Also, the phase inversion type resonance circuit 5, similarly to the phase inversion type resonant circuit 4, output coil L ₂₁ and the transmission line TL12 and the dielectric resonator D
Consists R2 Prefecture, the dielectric resonator DR2 is a parallel resonant circuit with the inductance L _22, L ₂₃ and capacitor C ₂ and the loss resistance R ₂ is one of the connected and each element in parallel is connected to ground Be composed. Here, the inductance L ₂₂ is electromagnetically coupled by inductive coupling + M to input-output coil L _21, one end of the output coil L ₂₁ is the transmission line T
L12 and the other end to ground. In the present embodiment, the coil L ₁₁ from the terminal P33 of the hybrid circuit 3 via the transmission line TL11 and the coil L ₁₁
Each electrical length to the ground terminal, and the electrical length from the terminal P34 of the hybrid circuit 3 to the grounding end of the coil L ₂₁ through a transmission line TL12 and the coil L ₂₁ is, lambda] g /
It is set to 2. According to the setting of the electrical length, the high-frequency signals output from the terminals P33 and P34 are input to the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5, respectively, and then reflected and input again to the terminals P33 and P34. amount of phase shift of the radio frequency signal by the transmission line TL11 or TL12 and the coil L ₁₁ or L ₁₂ is set to be 0 °.

The hybrid circuit 2, like the hybrid circuit 1, is composed of transmission lines 21 to 24 connected in a ring and electrically in series and each having a line length of λg / 4. Terminals P21, P2
2 and output terminals P23, P2 at both ends of the transmission line 23.
4 Here, the output terminal P23 is connected to the output terminal T3 of the power combining and distributing device, the output terminal P24 is connected to the output terminal T4, the output terminal T4 are terminated by equal resistance R _L in the transmission impedance Z _0.

The power combiner / distributor of the second embodiment configured as described above operates in the same manner as the first embodiment, and each circuit constituting the power combiner / distributor is a reversible circuit. As in the first embodiment, it can be used as a power distribution device.

A simulation is performed on the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 including the dielectric resonator DR1 or DR2 and the transmission line TL11 or TL12, and the input end reflection coefficient and the input end reflection signal obtained as a result of the simulation are obtained. FIG. 4 shows each frequency characteristic of the phase. Here, the phase of the reflected signal at the input end is the phase of the reflected signal output from each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 when the phase of the high frequency signal input to the input end is set to the reference phase 0 ° as described above. In the reflection phase, the no-load Q (Q ₀ ) of each of the dielectric resonators DR1 and DR2 in each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 is set to 50,000, and the frequency difference Δf in FIG. It is defined by the following “Equation 4”.

[0058]

(Equation 4)

In this simulation,
f ₁ <f ₂ , and Δf / f ₁ ≒ 1.76 × 10 ⁻⁴ ≪1, Δ
f / f ₂ ≒ 1.74 × 10 ^-4 ≪1, that is, the frequency f ₁ and the frequency f ₂ are set to be close to each other.

As is apparent from FIG. 4, each of the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 converts the high frequency signal of the frequency f ₁ to about 1.0.
It can be seen that the light is reflected with a reflection loss of [dB] and a reflection phase of about 90 °, and reflects a high-frequency signal of frequency f ₂ with a reflection loss of about 0.8 [dB] and a reflection phase of about −90 °. .

Further, a simulation was performed on the power combining and distributing apparatus of the second embodiment and the second conventional power combining and distributing apparatus having the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 having the frequency characteristics shown in FIG. Then, in the simulation, frequency characteristics of the forward transmission coefficients S ₃₁ and S ₃₂ and
And the frequency characteristic of the input between the transmission coefficient S _21, were measured and the frequency characteristic of the output end reflection coefficient S _33. FIGS. 5 and 6 show the frequency characteristics of the forward transmission coefficients S ₃₁ and S ₃₂ obtained as a result of the simulation. Here, the forward transmission coefficient S ₃₁
Is a positive direction of the transmission coefficient from the input terminal T1 to the output terminal T3, forward transmission coefficient S ₃₂ is a positive direction of the transmission coefficient from the input terminal T2 to an output terminal T3.

As is clear from FIGS. 5 and 6, the forward transmission coefficients S ₃₁ and S ₃₂ of the power combiner / distributor of the second embodiment become maximum at the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ , respectively. here,
Forward transmission coefficient S ₃₁ of the second embodiment is approximately -0.58 [dB] at the frequency f _1, about a second prior art -
Compared to 1.37 [dB] increased significantly, also forward transmission coefficient S ₃₂ of the second embodiment is about at the frequency f ₂ -
0.52 [dB], which is about -1.37 of the second conventional example.
This is greatly increased compared to [dB]. That is, it can be seen that the transmission loss at the frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ is significantly reduced as compared with the second conventional example.

[0063] In addition, shows the frequency characteristic of the resulting input between transmission coefficient S ₂₁ of the simulation in FIG. The input between the transmission coefficient S ₂₁ indicates the transmission coefficient from the input terminal T1 to the input terminal T2 when the terminated by resistance equal to the transmission impedance Z ₀ of the output terminal T3, i.e. the isolation between the input terminals T1, T2 It is a coefficient.

As is clear from FIG. 7, the isolation between the input terminals T1 and T2 of the second conventional example is determined by the frequency f
_1, but in f ₂ is approximately 10 [dB], the isolation between the input terminals T1, T2 of the second embodiment, the frequency f ₁ is about 63 [dB], about 70 at a frequency f ₂ [ dB], the power combiner / distributor of the second embodiment has greatly increased isolation.
Accordingly, the respective input terminals T1, T2, it can be said that there is almost no binding of the radio-frequency signal and the frequency signal of the frequency f ₂ of the frequency f _1.

[0065] In addition, shows the frequency characteristic of the output end reflection coefficient S ₃₃ at the output terminal T3 when the terminated by resistors equal the input terminals T1, T2 to the respective transfer impedance Z ₀ in FIG.

[0066] As apparent from FIG. 8, the output end reflection coefficient S ₃₃ of the second conventional example, about -20 at a frequency f ₁
A [dB], about -13 [dB] at the frequency f ₂
Although, the output end reflection coefficient S ₃₃ of the second embodiment, the frequency f ₁ is about -65 [dB], so at the frequency f ₂ is about -60 [dB], the second embodiment the power combining and distributing device having been significantly reduced output end reflection coefficient S _33. Therefore, impedance matching with the circuit connected to the output terminal T3 can be performed more favorably than in the second conventional example.

In the second embodiment described above, the branch line type hybrid circuits 1, 2, 3 are used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Other types of hybrid circuits, such as a circuit, a phase inversion type hybrid ring circuit, or a 3 dB directional coupler may be used.

In the above-described second embodiment, the phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 5 having the dielectric resonators DR1 and DR2 are used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Each of the above-described phase inversion type resonance circuits 4 and 4 may be configured by a cavity resonator or the like, or by using a series resonance circuit or a parallel resonance circuit configured by a distributed constant circuit or a lumped constant circuit.
5 may be configured.

[0069]

As described in detail above, in the power combining and distributing apparatus according to the present invention, two high-frequency signals having first and second frequencies different from each other are combined, or the first and second frequencies are combined. A power combining and distributing device for distributing to two high-frequency signals, comprising: a first and a second terminal operating at least in a frequency range from the first frequency to the second frequency; 3rd and 4th pairs
A first and a second hybrid circuit, each of which has at least a fifth terminal, a fifth terminal, a sixth terminal, and a fifth terminal. After combining the two high-frequency signals input to the fifth and sixth terminals, respectively, such that the two high-frequency signals to be combined have the same phase, the combined high-frequency signal is output to the seventh terminal. A circuit, each having an input terminal and operating at least in the frequency range, wherein a first high-frequency signal having the first frequency and a second high-frequency signal having the second frequency are connected to the input terminal. When input, the first and second high-frequency signals are reflected such that the phases of the first and second high-frequency signals at the time of reflection at the input terminal are inverted. And a resonance circuit. A third terminal of the bridging circuit is connected to the second terminal via a first transmission line having a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to an average frequency of the first frequency and the second frequency. A second transmission line electrically connected to a first terminal of the hybrid circuit, wherein the fourth terminal of the first hybrid circuit has a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency. And a second terminal of the second hybrid circuit having a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency. A third terminal of the second hybrid circuit, which is electrically connected to a fifth terminal of the combining circuit via a third transmission line.
From the third terminal of the second hybrid circuit to the first terminal
A first line length in which the line length from the input terminal of the resonance circuit to the ground terminal of the first resonance circuit is 1/4 of the guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency; A fourth transmission line having a predetermined line length that is a sum of a second line length that is a natural number multiple and being electrically connected to an input terminal of the first resonance circuit; And the line length from the fourth terminal of the second hybrid circuit to the ground terminal of the second resonance circuit via the input terminal of the second resonance circuit is equal to the average length of the line. A fifth line having a predetermined line length that is the sum of a third line length that is 1/4 of the guide wavelength corresponding to the frequency and a fourth line length that is 0 or a natural number multiple of the guide wavelength. It is electrically connected to the input terminal of the second resonance circuit via a transmission line.

Therefore, the second hybrid circuit and the synthesizing circuit respectively synthesize the two high-frequency signals such that the two high-frequency signals of the first and second high-frequency signals to be synthesized have the same phase. Therefore, the passing loss during the combining process of the power combining and distributing device is substantially only the respective reflection losses of the first and second resonance circuits, and the passing loss is greatly reduced as compared with the conventional example. It is possible to realize a power combining and distributing device that combines high-frequency signals having two different frequencies.

When the first and second hybrid circuits and the synthesizing circuit are each configured by a reversible circuit, the seventh terminal of the synthesizing circuit synthesizes the first and second high-frequency signals. When a signal is input, a first high-frequency signal, a second high-frequency signal, a second high-frequency signal, and a first high-frequency signal are respectively separated into first and second terminals of the first hybrid circuit. Thus, it is possible to realize a power combining and distributing device that distributes the signals to two high-frequency signals having two different frequencies with a greatly reduced passage loss as compared with the conventional example.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power combining / distributing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power combining / distributing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power combining / distributing apparatus which is a modification of the first embodiment according to the present invention.

4 is a graph showing each frequency characteristic of an input end reflection coefficient and a phase of an input end reflection signal of a phase inversion type resonance circuit used in the power combining and distributing device shown in FIG. 2;

5 is a graph showing frequency characteristics of forward transmission coefficients S ₃₁ and S ₃₂ of the power combining and distributing device shown in FIG. 2 and the power combining and distributing device of the second conventional example.

6 is a graph in which a part of the frequency characteristic shown in FIG. 7 is enlarged.

7 is a graph showing a frequency characteristic of the input between the transmission coefficient S ₂₁ of FIG. 2 power combining and distributing apparatus shown in the second conventional example of a power combining and distributing device.

8 is a graph showing a frequency characteristic of the output end reflection coefficient S ₃₃ of the illustrated in Figure 2 and the power combining and distributing device second conventional example of a power combining and distributing device.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a branch line type hybrid circuit of a first conventional example.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a second conventional power combining and distributing apparatus including two channel filters and used as an antenna sharing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 3 hybrid circuit, 4, 5 phase inversion resonance circuit, 7 Y power combining and distributing circuit, P11, P12, P21, P22 input terminal, P13, P14, P23, P24 output terminal, P31, P32, P33, P34 ... terminals, R _L ... resistors.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A power combining and distributing device for combining two high-frequency signals having different first and second frequencies or distributing the two high-frequency signals having the first and second frequencies, A first operating at least in a frequency range from the first frequency to the second frequency, and each having a pair of first and second terminals and a pair of third and fourth terminals. And a second hybrid circuit, operating at least in the above-mentioned frequency range, and having at least a pair of fifth and sixth terminals and another seventh terminal, the fifth and sixth terminals respectively being A combining circuit that combines the two input high-frequency signals so that the two high-frequency signals to be combined have the same phase, and outputs the combined high-frequency signal to the seventh terminal; And at least in the above frequency range When the first high-frequency signal having the first frequency and the second high-frequency signal having the second frequency are input to the input terminal, the first and second high-frequency signals are operated. , The first and second reflections at the input terminal.
And a first and a second resonance circuit for reflecting each phase of the high frequency signal of the first hybrid circuit so that the first and second resonance circuits have an inversion relation.
And a first terminal of the second hybrid circuit through a first transmission line having a line length that is a natural number times the guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency of the second frequency and the second frequency. A fourth terminal of the first hybrid circuit is connected to a sixth terminal of the synthesis circuit via a second transmission line having a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency. A second terminal of the second hybrid circuit is connected to a third transmission line having a line length that is a natural number times a guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency. A third terminal of the second hybrid circuit electrically connected to a fifth terminal;
The line length from the third terminal of the hybrid circuit to the ground terminal of the first resonance circuit via the input terminal of the first resonance circuit is 1/1 / of the guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency.
4 through a fourth transmission line having a predetermined line length that is a sum of a first line length of 4 and a second line length of 0 or a natural number multiple of the guide wavelength. The fourth terminal of the second hybrid circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the resonance circuit of the second embodiment.
The line length from the fourth terminal of the hybrid circuit to the ground terminal of the second resonance circuit via the input terminal of the second resonance circuit is 1/1 / of the guide wavelength corresponding to the average frequency.
4 through a fifth transmission line having a predetermined line length that is the sum of a third line length of 4, and a fourth line length of 0 or a natural number multiple of the guide wavelength. A power combining / distributing device electrically connected to an input terminal of the resonant circuit. 2. The power combining and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said combining circuit is a hybrid circuit. 3. The power combining and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said combining circuit is a Y-type power combining and distributing circuit. 4. The power supply according to claim 2, wherein said combining circuit further has an eighth terminal paired with said seventh terminal, and said eighth terminal is terminated by a resistor. Synthetic dispenser.