JP2640653B2 - Manual synchronous feed mechanism for numerically controlled machine tools - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a manual synchronous feed mechanism of a numerically controlled machine tool, and in particular, a numerical control in which two axes of a machine tool can be synchronously fed by a manually operated handle. The present invention relates to a manual synchronous feed mechanism of a machine tool.

(Prior Art) In order to require a high machining system and high productivity, recent machine tools are often controlled by a numerical controller. This numerically controlled machine tool uses a computer configured numerical control device as a control device, and executes operation control of the machine tool by the control device, and is stored in a paper tape, a bubble memory, a read only memory, or the like. On the basis of the processing data, it is possible to perform mass production of a desired number of the same workpieces with high accuracy.

On the other hand, at times, the user requests that only a small number of partially manufactured products be subjected to partially different machining, or that only a small number of products undergo partial chamfering or corner R machining. May be required.

(Defects of the conventional device) In order to respond to such a user's request, the numerical control device partially converts a part of the processing program stored in the bubble memory so that the machine tool operates in a shape requested by the user. Make a new program with some minor modifications,
A specific product can be processed by processing a workpiece with the program, but it takes a lot of time to correct the program. It is also possible to sequentially input the processing data at the position where partial processing is to be performed from the manual data input panel, and perform the processing sequentially.However, this is also time-consuming and troublesome, and it is very advantageous. I can't say.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional disadvantages, and an object of the present invention is to provide a numerically controlled machine tool capable of automatically performing two-axis simultaneous machining of a part of a workpiece by manual control. To provide a simple device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-described object of the present invention, a numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously controlling a plurality of axes is provided. A manual operation means for generating a number of pulses proportional to the operation amount to control the synchronous feed of the machine tool, a means for setting an operation axis for performing the manual operation, and determining the set operation axis and the interpolation plane. Means for setting an interpolation angle with respect to one axis and an operation axis set on the interpolation plane; a position command signal according to the number of pulses and pulse speed generated from the manual operation means; Means for calculating an interpolation amount for the remaining operation axes from the signals, a pulse distributor for performing a linear interpolation or circular interpolation pulse distribution operation based on the computed two-axis interpolation signals, and a pulse distributor from the pulse distributor. And a servo control circuit for operating the operation axes of the two machine tools according to the distribution signal. A manual synchronous feed mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool is provided.

(Operation) The manual data input panel or the "manual synchronous feed processing function switch" is turned on, and the numerical controller is set to the "synchronous feed function mode". With this operation, the numerical controller enters a synchronous feed control mode in which two axes can be simultaneously controlled by external signals. Then, after selecting an operation plane on which the two axes operate and selecting linear interpolation or circular interpolation, data necessary for the interpolation operation is input.

In executing the "synchronous feed function mode", when a pulse is sent from a means for generating a pulse as an external signal, such as a manual pulse generator, to the processing device, the position command for two axes selected from the processing device is distributed to the pulse. Sent to the vessel. As a result, the pulse distributor can output the interpolation signal to the servo circuit and manually execute the linear interpolation or the circular interpolation.

The speed of the interpolation depends on the speed of a pulse externally applied to the processing device such as a manual pulse generator.

Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a machine tool with a robot.

In the figure, LM is a machine tool. RBT is the machine tool L
A robot attached to M that performs services such as loading / unloading of the work of the machine tool LM, tool change, and chip cleaning. CTL is a control device rocker, which incorporates a machine tool LM, a numerical control device described below for controlling a robot attached thereto and a robot control device for directly controlling the robot RBT. In addition, a CRT
A machine including a CRT / MDI board 100 equipped with a manual data input unit having a display and a keyboard for inputting data to a numerical controller, a tape reader 101, a manual pulse generator 102, a bubble memory adapter BMA, and operation switches on various machine sides An operation panel 103 is provided. WF is a work feeder. Since the robot RBT and the work feeder WF are not directly related to the description of the present invention, detailed description will be omitted.

FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram for realizing this embodiment.

In FIG. 2, NC is a numerical controller for controlling a machine tool LM. BUSN in the numerical controller NC is a bus line, and has an address bus for transferring address signals and a data bus for transferring data. The WMN is a high-speed working memory composed of a volatile RAM, and temporarily stores machining data read from the nonvolatile data memory DMN. PMN is a control program memory that stores control programs, and MPUN is a processing device such as a microprocessor that performs various processes such as numerical control processing, editing processing, and data transmission / reception processing based on the control program and part programs. Run.

PDN is a pulse distributor, is inputted position command X, Y, and Z, pulse X _P running known pulse distribution operation by a command from the processor MPUN, Y _P, in addition to distributing the Z _P, described later pulse X _P running known pulse distribution operation even when operating the machine tool LM by a manual operation, Y _P, distributes the Z _P. SVNX, SVNY, the servo control circuit of each SVNZ machine LM, distribution pulses X _P, Y _P, and Z _P, the feedback pulses Xf generated by the motor per rotation of a predetermined amount, X
f, are input to _{Zf, | X P -Xf |,} | Y P -Y P |, | produces an analog proportional to the voltage | Z _P -Zf. DX, DY and DZ are each X
DMX, DMY, and DMZ are DC motors for driving the X, Y, and Z axes, PCNX, and PCN, respectively.
Y and PCNZ are mounted on the shafts of DC motors DMX, DMY and DMZ whose rotation is controlled by control circuits DX, DY and DZ, respectively.
This is a pulse coder that generates Xf, Xf, and Zf. The servo circuit svnX, SVNY, and SVNZ, DC motor DMX, DMY, DMZ and pulse coder PCNX, PCNY, between PCNZ servo unit is _{configured, X P -Xf, Y P -Yf} , the Z _P -zf Servo control is performed so that both become zero. The BMA reads the machining program stored in the bubble memory cassette and stores it in the working memory.
This is a bubble memory adapter for transferring data to the WMN, and OP is an operation panel, which is the same as the CRT / MDI panel 100 shown in FIG. DTN is a data transceiver that communicates with the robot RBT. RC is a robot controller.

PCN is a high-power circuit that controls the interface between the numerical controller NC and the machine tool LM. That is, the auxiliary function (M
Function) command, signal DOM such as spindle rotation (S function) command etc. is output to the machine tool as a contact signal. When the machine tool finishes the work for the auxiliary function command and spindle rotation command, the completion signal DIM etc. is contact signal. To output to the bus line.

The present invention uses a manual pulse generator 102 provided on a machine operation panel 103, and controls a synchronous feed function using a pulse to be generated from the manual pulse generator 102. This is to execute an interpolation operation.

The manual synchronous feed function according to the present invention can be implemented for both linear interpolation and circular arc interpolation. First, manual linear interpolation will be described.

First, a manual operation in a normal numerically controlled machine tool will be described. A mode selection switch (not shown) provided on a machine operation panel 103 is switched to, for example, a “HANDLE” position, and is manually operated by a manual pulse generator 102. When an axis to be operated is selected by an axis selection switch (not shown), the numerical controller NC is set to the "HANDLE feed mode". In this state, when the manual pulse generator 102 is rotated to the right, the selected axis is moved in the + direction, and when it is rotated to the left, the selected axis is rotated in the-direction. Then, when the manual pulse generator 102 is rotated, one pulse is generated for one scale attached thereto, and the selected axis is 0.00
It will move by 1mm. This manual axis movement operation can be executed for only one axis.

In the present invention, it is necessary to set the numerical controller NC to the “synchronous feed function mode” in which two axes are operated simultaneously. For this purpose, "HNDL" or "THNDL" is input using the keyboard provided on the CRT / MDI board 100 (step 1 in FIG. 3). By inputting these instructions, the numerical controller
The NC enters the "synchronous feed mode", and the synchronous feed control can be performed only by an external signal, that is, a pulse sent from the manual pulse generator 102 provided on the machine operation panel 103. This "Synchronous feed function mode" is selected by replacing the character input from the keyboard with a CRT / MDI board 10
An on / off switch for designating “HNDL” and “THNDL” at 0 may be provided.

Next, whether the operation in the "synchronous function feed mode" is linear interpolation or circular interpolation is selected (step 2 in FIG. 3). In this selection, "DIRM" is input when linear interpolation is selected using the keyboard provided on the CRT / MDI board 100, and "CIRM" is input when circular interpolation is selected. In this case, since "linear interpolation" is selected, "DIRM" is input.

Thereafter, a plane for simultaneously operating the two axes is selected (Step 3 in FIG. 3). This selection is determined by a combination of "HSYNO" and "HSYN1" using a keyboard provided on the CRT / MDI board 100. This combination is as shown in FIG. In this combination, instead of character input from the keyboard, the CRT / MDI panel 100 may be provided with an on / off switch for specifying `` HSYNO '' and `` HSYN1 '', and a plane may be selected by a combination of these switches. Good.

Finally, the interpolation angle is specified using the keyboard provided on the CRT / MDI board 100 (FIG. 3, step 4). This input specifies the angle of the selected plane from the reference axis in BCD. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, in the selection plane, the clockwise direction is defined as a positive direction and the clockwise direction is defined as a negative direction, as shown in FIG.

By inputting the above data to the numerical controller, linear interpolation of two axes can be performed by a one-axis manual pulse generator (FIG. 3, step 5).

For example, in FIG. 4, “HSYN0” = 1, “HSYN0”
1 "= 0, the reference axis is designated as the X axis, and the manual pulse generator 102 is rotated. When a pulse generated from this is input to the processing unit MPUN, the processing unit MPUN is stored in the working memory WMN. The moving amount of the Y-axis is obtained according to the input angle data and the speed of the input pulse (the moving amount of the X-axis).
Giving Y to the pulse distributor PDN, the pulse distributor PDN executes the known pulse distribution operation by a command from the processor MPUN distributes the pulse X _P, Y _P, enter a servo control circuit svnX, the SVNY. Then, it is possible to perform linear interpolation of the two axes of the X axis and the Y axis.

Next, manual circular interpolation using the manual synchronous feed function will be described.

After specifying "HNDL" or "THNDL" from the CRT / MDI panel 100 and setting the numerical controller NC to "Synchronous feed function mode",
Using the keyboard provided on the T-MDI board 100, the circular interpolation "CIRM" is selected (steps 1 and 2 in FIG. 3).

Thereafter, an operation plane for simultaneously operating the two axes is selected (FIG. 3, step 6). This choice is for CRT / MDI board 10
"CSYN0" and "CSYN1" using the keyboard provided at 0
Is determined by the combination of This combination is as shown in FIG. Note that this combination replaces the character input from the keyboard with “CSYN0” and “CSYN
As in the case of linear interpolation, an on / off switch for designating "1" may be provided and a plane may be selected by a combination of these switches.

Next, using the keyboard provided on the CRT / MDI board 100,
The rotation direction of the circular interpolation is designated (CW or CCW) (FIG. 3, step 7). This rotation direction designation differs between a right-handed coordinate system and a left-handed coordinate system, as shown in FIG. That is,
Specify `` RCW '' for clockwise rotation and `` RCCW '' for counterclockwise rotation in the right-handed coordinate form, `` LCW '' for clockwise rotation in the left-handed coordinate form, and `` LCW '' for counterclockwise rotation. L
CCW ”.

Subsequently, a processing radius value from the processing start point to the center of the processing arc is input by BCD (FIG. 3, step 8).

By inputting the above data to the numerical controller NC, 1
The two-axis circular interpolation is made possible by the manual axis pulse generator (step 9 in FIG. 3).

For example, in FIG. 6, “CSYN0” = 1, “CSYN0”
1 "= 1, the angle designation reference axis is set to the Z axis, the manual pulse generator 102 is rotated, and when a pulse generated from this is input to the processing device MPUN, the processing device MPUN is stored in the working memory WMN. The moving amount of the X-axis is obtained according to the input data and the input pulse speed (the moving amount of the Z-axis).
Give Z to the pulse distributor PDN, the pulse distributor PDN distributes the pulse X _P, Z _P by performing a known arc pulse distribution calculation in accordance with a command from the processor MPUN, the servo control circuit svnX, SV
Enter in NZ. Then, it is possible to perform circular interpolation on two axes of the X axis and the Z axis.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, the present invention provides a numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously controlling a plurality of axes to control the number of pulses proportional to the speed of manual operation and the number of pulses proportional to the amount of manual operation. A manual operation means for controlling the synchronous feed of the machine tool to be generated, a means for setting an operation axis for performing a manual operation, another axis for determining the set operation axis and an interpolation plane, and Means for setting an interpolation angle for the set operation axis, a position command signal according to the pulse number and pulse speed generated from the manual operation means, and an interpolation signal for the remaining operation axis, based on the input interpolation angle signal. Means for calculating the quantity, a pulse distributor for performing a linear interpolation or circular interpolation pulse distribution operation based on the computed two-axis interpolation signal, and two machine tools based on the distribution signal from the pulse distributor. And a servo control circuit for operating the operation axis, so that a complicated task of creating a program is not required, and a conventional manual pulse generator used for manual feed operation of one axis is used. Position commands for the axes can be issued, and linear interpolation or circular interpolation can be manually executed using a pulse distributor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an operation flowchart, FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an angle specifying operation, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining another operation plane selecting operation, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a rotation direction specification. LM ... machine tool, CTL ... machine tool locker, 100 ... CR
T / MDI board, 102: Manual pulse generator, NC: Numerical controller, SVNX, SVNY, SVNZ ... Servo circuit, DX, DY, DZ ...
… Control circuit, PCNX, PCNY, PCNZ …… Pulse coder, MPUN
.... Processing equipment.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A numerically controlled machine tool capable of synchronously controlling a plurality of axes for synchronous feed control, wherein a pulse proportional to the speed of manual operation and a number of pulses proportional to the amount of manual operation are generated to control synchronous feed of the machine tool. Manual operation means; means for setting an operation axis for performing a manual operation; another axis for determining the set operation axis and the interpolation plane; and an interpolation angle for the operation axis set on the interpolation plane. Means for calculating the amount of interpolation for the remaining operating axes from the position command signal according to the number of pulses and the pulse speed generated by the manual operation means, and the input interpolation angle signal; A pulse distributor that performs a linear interpolation or an arc interpolation pulse distribution operation by an axis interpolation signal; a servo control circuit that operates the operation axes of two machine tools by a distribution signal from the pulse distributor; Numerically controlled machine tool, characterized by comprising a manual synchronization feed mechanism. 2. The manual synchronous feed mechanism for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the pulse distribution operation based on the input position command is a linear interpolation operation. 3. The manual synchronous feed mechanism of a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the pulse distribution operation based on the input position command is an arc interpolation operation. 4. The manual operation means for generating a pulse proportional to the speed of the manual operation to control the synchronous feed of the machine tool is a manual pulse generator of the machine tool. The manual synchronous feed mechanism of the numerically controlled machine tool according to the item (2).