JP2635187B2 - Forming method of building material having locking recess - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of forming a building material such as a large tile having a locking recess on a back surface.

(Problems to be Solved by the Related Art and the Invention) As a method of attaching and fixing a relatively large-sized building material such as a tile to a body surface, a method shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is conventionally known. . Among them, the construction method in Fig.
In addition to fixing the L-shaped metal fitting 102 to the frame surface 104 by using 0, a support metal fitting 106 is connected to the L-shaped metal fitting 102, and the lower end face of the upper building material 108 is supported by the support metal fitting 106, and A positioning pin 110 is inserted into a pin hole provided in each of the lower building materials 108 to position the upper and lower building materials 108.

However, in the case of this construction method, although there is no particular problem when the thickness of the building material 108 is large,
When the thickness of 8 is thin, when the sealing material 112 is packed between the upper and lower building materials 108, the support fitting 106 and the positioning pin 110 are in the way and the thickness of the sealing material 112 cannot be sufficiently secured,
For this reason, there is a problem that the seal is broken when the skeleton, the building material 108 and the like expand and contract, or change over time.

The construction method shown in FIG. 9 has been devised to solve this problem. The construction material 108 in each of the upper and lower stages is prevented from coming off by an upper retaining pin 116 in which a bolt 114 is partially embedded, and the construction material 108 in the lower stage is removed. As for the T-shaped metal fittings 117 fixed to the L-shaped metal fittings 102, the downward bent pieces 118 are fixed to the building materials 108 with the bolts 114 and nuts 124 in close contact with the back surface of the building materials. About bolt 114, nut 124
To secure the back hanger fitting 122 to the upwardly bent piece 120 of the T-shaped fitting, thereby attaching and fixing the upper and lower building materials 108 to the skeleton surface 104. .

In this method, as shown in FIG. 8, a support bracket 106 and a positioning pin are provided between the upper building material 108 and the lower building material 108.
Since there is no obstacle such as 110, the problem of breakage of the seal as described above does not occur, but in the case of this method, a hole for inserting the bolt 114 into the building material 108 and a hole for inserting the retaining pin 116 are provided. Each of these holes must be provided at each location (usually at four corners) of each building material 108, and there is a problem that these holes require a great deal of labor and man-hours (the holes are usually formed after the building material is formed).

In addition, in this method, a large number of retaining pins 116 are required, and together with the increase in the number of processing steps, the production and construction costs of building materials become extremely high.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, by laying the building materials 108 and pouring the concrete material and curing it,
At the same time as the production of concrete boards, a wet construction method of attaching and fixing a building material 108 to the surface is also performed. In this case, when the size of the building material 108 is about 600 mm square or more,
The bolt 126 is projected from the back surface of the building material, the bolt 126 and the wire 128 provided at the tip of the bolt are embedded in the concrete, and the fixing force of the building material 108 is secured by their anchor effect.

However, also in this method, the pin 130 for preventing the bolt 126 from coming off is necessary, and therefore, the same problem as described above occurs.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The invention of the present application has been made to solve such problems, and the gist of the invention is to insert a fixing tool from the back surface of the building material to the inside in the thickness direction thereof. A locking recess having a straight insertion portion and an engagement portion that extends in a direction parallel to the rear surface at the tip of the insertion portion and engages with an engaged portion formed at the tip of the fixing member to prevent the engagement portion from coming off. A method of forming a building material, comprising: a convex mold portion for forming a locking concave portion having a shape corresponding to an insertion portion of the locking concave portion with respect to a back mold for forming a rear surface of the building material. It is provided so as to be independently movable between a position protruding from the molding surface of the back mold and a retracted position, and a building material is formed by using a mold having an elastic body attached to the tip of the convex part. The raw material powder is subjected to pressure molding, the convex portion is projected into the molding recess, and After filling the raw material powder of the building material into the shaped recess, the raw material powder is pressurized while lowering the protruding height of the convex portion from the initial position, and at that time, the elastic body at the tip of the convex portion Is elastically deformed in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction, thereby forming the engaging portion extending in a direction parallel to the back surface of the building material, and then forming the convex portion in a state where it is retracted from the forming surface of the back surface forming die. To remove the body.

(Operation and Effect) According to the present invention, simultaneously with the molding of the building material, the locking concave portion on the back surface, that is, the locking concave portion having the straight insertion portion and the engaging portion extending in the direction parallel to the rear surface of the building material is formed. be able to.

As described above, in the conventional building materials, the pin holes for retaining the bolts and other fixing devices must be considerably deep, and the holes extend from the side end surface side of the building material toward the inside of the building material. Therefore, after forming the building material, it had to be formed by drilling.However, since the locking recess is directed from the back surface of the building material to the inside in the thickness direction, it is formed at the same time as the building material is formed. It is possible.

Specifically, in the present method, a convex portion is provided so as to be independently movable with respect to a back molding die for molding a back surface of a building material, and the raw material powder is formed in a state where the convex portion protrudes into a molding recess. Apply pressure. Thereby, the insertion portion of the locking concave portion is formed by the convex portion, and the engaging portion is formed by elastic deformation in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction of the elastic body at the tip.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the locking concave portion is formed simultaneously with the molding of the building material, the hole processing after the molding of the building material, which is conventionally required, becomes unnecessary, and the manufacturing cost of the building material is reduced.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is possible to make a convex-shaped part protrude greatly into a shaping | molding recessed part, and it is possible to shape | mold the locking recessed part with a deep depth by this. Thus, by making the locking recesses deep, the fixing tool can be firmly and firmly attached to the locking recesses.

Further, even when the locking recess is formed deeply, the building material molded article having the locking recess can be easily removed from the mold.

In this method, the convex portion can be moved independently of the back mold, and when the molded product is released, the convex portion can be kept in a retracted state. This is because it can prevent the body from being disturbed.

Further, according to the present invention, the case where the locking recess is not continuous from one end to the other end of the building material, or the case where the direction of the plurality of locking recesses extending along the back surface of the building material is not parallel but crosses However, there is an advantage that the molded product can be removed from the molded product without any trouble.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the projection height of a convex-shaped part can be made different at the time of the filling of the raw material powder into a shaping | molding recess, and the time of the pressurization. That is, the protrusion height of the convex portion can be increased when the powder is filled, and the protrusion height of the convex portion can be reduced by a certain amount during pressurization. An excellent effect is obtained that the compression density when the powder is compressed under pressure can be equalized between the molded portion of the locking concave portion and other portions.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a ceramic building material (having a thickness of 16 mm) having a size of at least 600 mm × 600 mm, and has locking recesses 12 formed at four corners of the rear surface from the rear surface toward the inside in the thickness direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the locking recess 12 has a straight insertion portion 14 that extends from the back of the building material toward the inside in the thickness direction.
It is composed of an engaging portion 16 formed continuously with the insertion portion 14. The locking recesses 12 are open at the left and right end surfaces of the building material 10. The engaging portion 16 has a form that extends in a direction perpendicular to the plate thickness of the building material 10, that is, in a direction parallel to the back surface of the building material.
have.

FIG. 3 shows that the building material 10 is
Shows a specific example of sticking and fixing. In this figure, reference numeral 20 denotes an L-shaped bracket fixed to the skeleton surface 18 by an anchor bolt 22, and a T-shaped bracket 24 is connected to the L-shaped bracket 20 by bolts 26 and nuts 28. I have.

On the other hand, the shaft portion of the bolt 30 is inserted into the insertion portion 14 of the building material 10, and the large-diameter head 32 at the tip thereof is engaged with the locking portion 16. That is, by the engagement action between the head 32 and the engagement portion 16,
The bolt 30 is retained.

In the lower part of the building material 10 in the figure, the back surface is fixed by the bolt 30 and the nut 34 in a state where the back surface is in close contact with the downward bent piece 38 of the T-shaped fitting 24. In 10, the back hanger bracket 36 is bolt 30
And the back hanger bracket fixed by the nut 34
36 is locked and fixed to the upward bent piece 40 of the T-shaped bracket 24.

Thus, in the construction structure of this example, the bolt head 32
Since the bolt 30 is prevented from coming off by the engagement with the engaging portion 16, in other words, the locking recess 12 itself acts to prevent the bolt 30 from coming off. It is not necessary to process and form the bolts, and it is not necessary to insert a retaining pin into the pin hole and fit the pin into a through hole provided in the bolt. This simplifies construction work and reduces construction costs.

FIG. 4 shows a specific example in the case of wet construction. In this figure, reference numeral 42 denotes a fixing device made of a leaf spring, which has a bent-shaped engaged portion 44 at the tip.

In this example, the leaf spring fixing tool 42 is elastically deformed inward and inserted into the locking recess 12 from the distal end side, and
When the force applied when the 44 enters the engaging portion 16 is removed, the fixing tool 42 opens outward and the engaged portion 44 engages with the engaging portion 16. That is, the fixing tool 42 is mounted in the locking recess 12.

In this state, when a large number of building materials 10 are laid out side by side and a concrete material is poured and hardened thereon, a concrete plate is formed and, at the same time, the building materials 10 are stuck and fixed to the surface thereof. At this time, since the concrete material enters the space portion 46 of the fixture 42 and hardens, the fixture 42 exerts an anchor effect, and the building material 10 is firmly fixed to the concrete plate.

Next, a method of forming the building material 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

In this figure, 48 is a frame type, 50 is an upper die, 52 is a lower die, 54 is a convex part, 56 is a stopper silling, and 58 is a stopper block. As shown in FIG. 6, a rubber elastic body 60 is fixed to the upper end of the convex portion 54.

In the method of the present example, first, the lower mold 52 and the convex mold portion 54 are lowered by a predetermined amount while the upper mold 50 is opened to form a molding recess between the frame mold 48 and the lower mold 52. In this example, the lowering amount of the lower mold 52 is larger than the lowering amount of the convex portion 54. The reason will be described later in detail.

Next, as shown in (B), the raw material powder of the building material 10 is filled into the molding recess, and then, as shown in (C), the stopper cylinder 56 is operated to protrude the stopper block 58, and then the upper part is pushed out. By lowering the mold 50, the raw material powder is compression-molded. At that time, the frame mold 48 is pushed down by the frame lowering block 51 by about half of the depth of the original forming recess, that is, about 1/2 of the powdering depth, and the convex portion 54 is moved together with the stopper block 58 by a lifting cylinder (not shown). Lower to the position corresponding to. After the pressurizing step of the raw material powder is completed, the frame mold 48
Lower or raise the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52, and the upper mold
At the time when the 50 is separated from the upper surface of the frame mold 48, the stopper block 58 is retracted as shown in (D), the convex mold 54 is lowered, and the convex mold 54 is extracted from the molded body.
When the upper surface of the frame mold 48 and the upper surface of the lower mold 52 are flush with each other by relatively moving the upper mold 50 and the lower mold 52, the upper mold 50 is released, and the molded body is taken out by the take-out device.

In this way, a molded body of the building material is obtained, and at the time of the molding, the above-described locking concave portion 12 is simultaneously molded by the convex portion 54. FIG. 6 specifically shows this state. As shown in the figure, since the rubber elastic body 60 is fixed to the upper end of the convex portion 54, the rubber elastic body 60 is elastically deformed in the direction perpendicular to the pressing direction at the same time as the raw material powder is pressed ((B )), Whereby the engagement portion in the locking recess 12 is formed (see (C)).

In this example, as described above, the lowering amount of the lower mold 52 and the lowering amount of the convex part 54 are made different in the step (B) of FIG. This is to prevent a difference in the compressibility of the powder between the part (a) where the locking recess 12 is formed and the other part (b), as shown in FIG. 6 (A). is there. That is, for example, considering the case where the powdering depth is 40 mm and this is compressed to 20 mm, and the locking concave portion 12 is formed at a depth of 10 mm from the back surface, the convex portion
If 54 is projected by 10 mm from the beginning, the raw material powder will be compressed to half of the powdering depth in part (b), but the raw material powder will be compressed in part (a). Compression is performed up to 2/3, resulting in a difference in compression ratio. Therefore, in this example, the projecting portion 54 is initially protruded by 20 mm, the raw material powder is filled into the molding recess, and then the raw material powder is drawn in by 10 mm to perform the pressure compression of the raw material powder. . In this way, the compression ratio of the powder becomes 1/2 in both the part (a) and the part (b), and the depth of the locking recess 12 becomes 10 mm.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention can be configured and implemented in other forms and modes.

For example, the locking recesses 12 can be provided in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 7, or can be provided not only at the four corners on the back surface of the tile but also at the center and other appropriate places. A plurality of these can be formed intermittently, or they can be formed continuously vertically and horizontally. Alternatively, it may be formed in a cross shape in a diagonal direction.
When the locking recesses are formed continuously as described above, there is an advantage that even when the building material is cut and used, there is no problem in fixing the building material to the body surface.

In addition, the molding method of the present invention can be applied to the formation of various types of locking recesses. For example, the present invention can be applied to the molding of a material having a vertical or horizontal cross section of another shape, or the molding of a material having an arbitrary planar shape, for example, a substantially circular shape. Further, the present invention is based on the knowledge of a person skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the invention, such as silicone rubber, urethane rubber, or any other material having a deforming ability under pressure. It can be configured and implemented in forms and aspects with various changes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building material to which the method of one embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a view showing a shape of a locking recess of the building material, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams of the building material, respectively. It is sectional drawing of a construction state. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing each step of one forming method of the building material, and FIG.
The figure is a perspective view of a building material of another example. FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 are explanatory views for explaining the conventional construction method and its problems. 10: building material, 12: locking recess 14: insertion part, 16: engagement part 30: bolt, 32: head 42: fixture, 44: engaged part 48: frame type, 50: upper type 52: lower Mold, 54: convex part 60: rubber elastic body

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A straight insertion portion for inserting a fixture, which extends from the back surface of the building material to the inside in the thickness direction thereof, and extends at a tip end of the insertion portion in a direction parallel to the back surface to be formed at a tip end of the fixture. What is claimed is: 1. A method for molding a building material, comprising: a locking concave portion having an engaging portion that engages with an engaged portion and prevents the engaging member from coming off. The protrusion for forming the locking recess having a shape corresponding to the insertion portion of the recess is provided so as to be independently movable between a position protruding from the molding surface of the back mold and a retracted position. The raw material powder of the building material is pressure-formed using a molding die having an elastic body attached to the tip of the convex portion, and the convex portion is protruded into the molding recess and is inserted into the molding recess. After filling the raw material powder of the building material, the raw material powder while lowering the protruding height of the convex portion from the initial position. By pressing the elastic body at the tip of the convex portion elastically in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction, thereby forming the engaging portion extending in a direction parallel to the back surface of the building material. A method of molding a building material having a locking recess, wherein the molded body is released from the mold while the portion is retracted from the molding surface of the back mold.