JP2632643B2 - Diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating exhaust gas of a diesel engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the exhaust gas of a diesel engine contains a large amount of carbon particles as a soot component and nitrogen oxides. Therefore, a method of reburning these exhaust gases outside the engine using a catalyst to convert carbon into carbon dioxide gas, and a method of removing them by attaching them to a fluid adhesive substance charged by high-pressure discharge have been adopted. ing.

[0003]

However, in the former method, there is a problem in the durability of the catalyst, and the air must be heated, so that the equipment is costly and the maintenance is troublesome. . Also, in the latter method, the carbon adhered to the fluid adhesive substance is aggregated and becomes large, making it difficult to burn, so that it is difficult to reuse. Therefore, disposal of these fluid adhesives poses a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and has a filter which is extremely simple in construction, has durability, can remove toxic components of exhaust gas of a diesel engine and can exhaust the exhaust gas to the outside air, and uses the filter. An object of the present invention is to provide a reusable exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus therefor to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and the filter is provided with a fuel used for the engine or a surface active agent for the fuel. A fuel mixed with a small amount of a dispersant such as a dispersing agent, and depositing carbon particles or incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas on the fuel to form a drain, and collecting the exhaust gas. did.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a small amount of a fuel used for the engine or a dispersant such as a surfactant is mixed into the fuel. A fuel supply device for attaching the separated fuel to the filter was provided, and an exhaust gas treatment device for a diesel engine for collecting a drain of the filter was provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a fuel used for the engine or a dispersant such as a surfactant is added to the fuel. A small amount of mixed fuel is attached, and carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are attached to the fuel to form a drain,
This was used as a method for recycling exhaust gas from a diesel engine, which collected and supplied the fuel to the engine.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas from a diesel engine to the outside air, and a fuel used for the engine or a dispersant such as a surfactant is added to the fuel. A small amount of mixed fuel is attached, and carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are attached to the fuel to form a drain,
This was collected and supplied to the above filter again to obtain a diesel engine exhaust gas recycling method.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a small amount of a fuel used for the engine or a dispersant such as a surfactant is mixed into the fuel. A fuel supply device for attaching the filtered fuel to the filter, a collection tank for collecting drains of the filter, and a pump for returning the drains to the filter or the engine. And

[0010]

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, when the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passes through the filter, a small amount of fuel used for the engine attached to the filter or a dispersant such as a surfactant is added to the fuel. The carbon particles in the exhaust gas and the incomplete combustion gas adhere to the fuel mixed in the fuel gas. This is collected as a drain at the bottom of the filter and collected. Further, in the case of a fuel in which a dispersant such as a surfactant is mixed in a minute amount, moisture in the exhaust gas can be adsorbed to make the carbon finer.

According to the third aspect of the invention, when the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passes through the filter, a very small amount of a fuel used for the engine attached to the filter or a dispersant such as a surfactant is mixed into the fuel. Carbon fine particles in the exhaust gas and incomplete combustion gas adhere to the fuel. This is collected as a drain at the bottom of the filter and collected, and returned to the engine as fuel. Since these carbon fine particles are spherical, the piston in the engine slips better and the engine sound becomes quieter. Such fine particles have good flammability and ignite at lower temperatures. Therefore, since the temperature is not high, the amount of generated nitrogen oxides is reduced.
In addition, the moisture contained in the exhaust gas partially adheres to the surface of the carbon particles, and this is contained in the fuel. Therefore, the moisture acts as a catalyst to assist combustion in the engine. Also, the CO ₂ gas in the exhaust gas easily reacts with carbon C to form carbon monoxide 2CO, and reacts with oxygen O ₂ to form 2CO ₂ , which promotes combustion in the engine. Thus, carbon dioxide gas is being reused.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passes through the filter, a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant or the like is mixed into the fuel used for the engine attached to the filter or the fuel. Carbon fine particles in the exhaust gas and incomplete combustion gas adhere to the fuel. This is collected as a drain at the bottom of the filter and collected, and returned to the filter again. As a result, the concentration of carbon fine particles and incomplete combustion gas in the drain increases.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passes through the filter, the fuel used for the engine attached to the filter or a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant is mixed into the fuel. Carbon fine particles in the exhaust gas and incomplete combustion gas adhere to the fuel. This is collected as a drain at the bottom of the filter and collected, and this is returned to the engine as fuel by the pump again or returned to the filter. Since these carbon particles are spherical, the piston in the engine slips better,
The engine sound becomes quieter. Such fine particles have good flammability and ignite at lower temperatures. Therefore, since the temperature is not high, the amount of generated nitrogen oxides is reduced.

[0014]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein a muffler 2 through which exhaust gas of a diesel engine 1 passes.
Is provided with a filter 3 at the outlet of. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the engine 1 is discharged to the outside air through the filter 3. The filter 3 is provided with a large number of filter plates 4 at intervals.
Is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 5 via a pump 6,
It is attached to each filter plate 4.

A drain tank 7 is provided below the filter 3 so as to collect fuel adhering to each of the filter plates 4 and drop. A sub-tank 8 is connected to the drain tank 7, and a pump 9 for returning a drain (fuel) of the sub-tank 8 to the fuel tank 5 is provided. A pump 10 for supplying fuel from the fuel tank 5 to the engine 1 is provided.

Each filter plate 4 of the filter 3 is
As shown in FIG. 3, the upper and lower frames 11a, 1
1b, a filament 12 is wound, and as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of holes 11c are provided on both lower sides of the pipe-shaped upper frame 11a at intervals in the longitudinal direction. Then, the fuel from the fuel tank 5 is supplied into the upper frame 11a by the pump 6, and is discharged from the many holes 11c.
It adheres to the filaments 12 on both sides.
Furthermore, these many filter plates 4 in the filter 3
Is provided with a dispersing plate 13 in the front and a concentration plate 14 in the rear.

In this embodiment, the fuel contained in the fuel tank 5 is supplied to the engine 1 by the pump 10, where combustion and explosion occur, and the exhaust gas reaches the filter 3 through the muffler 2. On the other hand, pump 6 from fuel tank 5
The fuel is supplied to each filter plate 4 of the filter 3 through the filter. Thereby, the filament 12 of each filter plate 4 is formed.
Has fuel attached. In this state, the exhaust gas passes through the space between the filaments 12 of each filter plate 4, where the carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are added to the fuel adhering to each filter plate 4. Adhere to.

Therefore, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter 3 is discharged to the outside air in a state where carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas have been reduced. The drain containing the carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas collected by the fuel in the filter plates 4 collects in the drain tank 7 and transfers from the drain tank 7 to the sub-tank 8. 5 and is again used as fuel in the engine 1 or the filter 3.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a filter 3 is provided at an outlet of a muffler 2 through which exhaust gas of a diesel engine 1 passes. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the engine 1 is discharged to the outside air through the filter 3. The filter 3 is provided with a large number of filter plates 4 at intervals.
Is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 5 via a pump 6,
It is attached to each filter plate 4.

A drain tank 7 is provided below the filter 3 so as to collect fuel adhering to each of the filter plates 4 as dripping. Further, a pump 10 for supplying fuel from the fuel tank 5 to the engine 1 is provided. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the drain collected by the filter 3 is not recycled as fuel.

According to the present invention, 150 cc / min.
When 230 cc of fuel was supplied and a 4-cylinder 2000 cc diesel engine was rotated at a speed of 700 to 3000 rpm, carbon powder was 0.2 g to 0.86 g.
/ Min, but 98% carbon powder could be recovered using the apparatus of the first embodiment.

In the above embodiment, when fuel is attached to each filter plate 4 of the filter 3, ultrasonic vibration or electric charge is applied to each filter plate 4 to cause carbon particles or incomplete combustion gas. Can be promoted. When a dispersant such as a surfactant is added in the fuel in the range of 0.001 to 3%, the carbon particles become finer and more dispersed, and further function to reduce engine noise. The filter used in the present invention is not limited to the one described in the above embodiment, but may be any filter to which fuel can be attached.

As shown in FIG. 6, a radiator 15 is provided before and after the filter plate 4 of the filter 3 of the above embodiment.
The exhaust gas is cooled, whereby the volume of the exhaust gas is contracted to make the inside of the filter 3 a negative pressure, so that the resistance of the exhaust gas through the filter can be reduced. Although these radiators 15 have radiating plates protruding inside and outside the filter 3, the configuration of these radiators is not limited.
In order to reduce the resistance of the exhaust gas through the filter, as shown in FIG.
6, and a method of sucking exhaust gas is also conceivable.

[0024]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passes through the filter, the fuel used for the engine attached to the filter contains carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas. Adhere to. Therefore, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter has little carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas, and does not pollute the surrounding air. The drain containing the carbon particles and the incomplete combustion gas collected by the filter has a small carbon particle and can be used again as a fuel or as a paint for other purposes.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when exhaust gas of a diesel engine passes through the filter, carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas adhere to fuel used for the engine attached to the filter. . Therefore, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter has little carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas, and does not pollute the surrounding air. The drain containing the carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas collected in the drain collection tank has small carbon particles,
It can be used again for other things such as fuel or paint.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are collected and collected as a drain, and this is returned to the engine as fuel. Therefore, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter has little carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas, and does not pollute the surrounding air. On the other hand, the carbon particles contained in the fuel recycled to the engine are spherical, so the piston in the engine slips better,
The engine sound becomes quieter. Such fine particles have good flammability and ignite at lower temperatures. Therefore, since the temperature is not high, the amount of generated nitrogen oxides is reduced. Further, by reusing the collected carbon particles as fuel, fuel consumption can be reduced and fuel efficiency can be improved. In addition, the water contained in the exhaust gas partially adheres to the surface of the carbon particles, and this is contained in the fuel.
Moisture acts as a catalyst to assist combustion in the engine. There is also a recycling of carbon dioxide, which also promotes combustion in the engine.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are collected and collected as a drain and returned to the filter. Therefore, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter has little carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas, and does not pollute the surrounding air. On the other hand, it is used again as fuel for the filter. As a result, the concentration of carbon fine particles and incomplete combustion gas in the drain of the filter increases. This drain can also be used separately for others.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are collected and collected as a drain and returned to the engine or the filter. Therefore, the exhaust gas that has passed through the filter has little carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas, and does not pollute the surrounding air. On the other hand, the carbon fine particles contained in the fuel recycled to the engine are spherical, so that the piston in the engine slips better and the engine sound becomes quieter. Such fine particles have good flammability and ignite at lower temperatures. Therefore, since the temperature is not high, the amount of generated nitrogen oxides is reduced. Further, by reusing the collected carbon particles as fuel, fuel consumption can be reduced and fuel efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram in a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a filter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory front view showing a filter plate of the filter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a filter plate of the filter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram in which a radiator is provided in a filter according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram in which a blower is provided in a filter according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Diesel engine 2 Muffler 3 Filter 4 Filter plate 5 Fuel tank 6 Pump 7 Drain tank 8 Subtank 9 Pump 10 Pump 11 Frame 12 Filament

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a fuel used for the engine or a fuel containing a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant is attached to the filter. The carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas are attached to the fuel to form a drain, and this is collected.
Exhaust gas treatment method for diesel engines. 2. A fuel supply in which a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a fuel used for the engine or a fuel containing a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant is attached to the filter. An exhaust gas treatment device for a diesel engine, comprising: a device; and a drain collection tank provided below the filter. 3. A filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and the fuel used for the engine or the fuel containing a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant is attached to the filter. A method for exhaust gas recycling of a diesel engine, comprising: adhering carbon particles or incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas to a fuel to form a drain, collecting the drain, and supplying the collected fuel to the engine as a fuel. 4. A filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a fuel used in the engine or a fuel containing a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant is attached to the filter. A method for exhaust gas recycling of a diesel engine, comprising: attaching carbon particles and incomplete combustion gas in the exhaust gas to a fuel to form a drain; collecting the collected drain; and supplying the collected fuel to the filter. 5. A fuel supply in which a filter is provided in a path for discharging exhaust gas of a diesel engine to the outside air, and a fuel used for the engine or a fuel containing a small amount of a dispersant such as a surfactant is attached to the filter. An exhaust gas recycle treatment device for a diesel engine, comprising: a device; a drain collection tank provided below the filter; and a pump for returning the drain of the drain collection tank to the filter or the engine.