JP2626270B2 - Super transparent polyamide fabric - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a super-transparent polyamide fabric utilizing highly transparent polyamide fibers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a super-transparent polyamide woven fabric which further improves transparency by specifying a polymer composition, a single yarn cross-sectional shape, and a woven structure, and is useful for casual wear, sports wear, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for imparting transparency to a fabric, a method of reducing the total fineness of fibers to be used or a method of reducing the number of single yarns by making the total fineness the same has been attempted. However, when the total fineness is reduced, the strength is reduced, and in order to reduce the number of single yarns, it is necessary to increase the single yarn fineness, and there is a disadvantage that the flexibility of the fabric is impaired.

[0003] In order to improve the transparency of the fabric,
It is also effective to improve the transparency of the fiber itself. For this reason, a method of adding a diamide compound to a polyamide fiber (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-132137) has been proposed. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-132138), a method of adding a diamide compound to a polyamide fiber and forming a four-leaf shape having four curved sides projecting outward in a fiber cross section. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-132113) has been proposed.

[0004]

By the way, in recent years, in the field of clothing, fashionability has been more emphasized in addition to the primary purpose of hiding and protecting the body. For example, in the use of textiles, there has been a demand for more transparent textiles for protecting the outer garment whose inside looks dim and for protecting printed patterns and metallic colors.

However, the addition of a diamide compound and the formation of a convex section 4
With the conventional method of weaving under a weaving condition using a leaf-shaped polyamide fiber, it is difficult to obtain a super-transparent woven fabric through which the inside can be seen.

[0006] The super-transparency, which makes the inside look dim, is achieved by weaving a fine-filament monofilament yarn with a low weaving density, as in organdy, and reducing the proportion of voids in the fabric by about 50%.
As mentioned above, it can be obtained by using a special woven structure that is very high, but in this woven structure,
Since the cover factor is extremely low, it is unsuitable for casual wear, sports wear, and the like, and it is also difficult to obtain a feeling, drape, strength, flexibility, and the like necessary for these uses.

[0007] Accordingly, the present invention has been developed to improve the feeling, drapability, and the like of ordinary polyamide fabrics such as polyamide plain fabrics.
A main object of the present invention is to provide a polyamide woven fabric having remarkably high transparency so that the inside can be seen without impairing the strength and flexibility.

That is, even if the cover factor of the woven fabric is as high as 20 or more, the polyamide woven fabric has remarkably high transparency so that the inside can be seen, and is useful for high fashion casual wear and sports wear. The purpose is to provide.

[0009]

In order to achieve this object, a super-transparent polyamide fabric of the present invention is a polyamide fabric comprising a substantially untwisted polyamide multifilament yarn for warp and weft, The filament is made of a polyamide containing 0.005 to 2.0% by weight of a diamide compound represented by the following general formula (1) or (2), and is composed of four outwardly convex curved sides; Has a four-leaf cross section without a concave portion, and substantially the entire arrangement of the constituent single yarns in the same yarn of the warp and / or weft is overlapped with another single yarn. It is characterized by a one-stage arrangement.

[0010]

Embedded image

The polyamide used in the present invention is a fiber-forming polymer having an amide bond, and is represented by polycapramide, polyhexamethylene adipamide, or a polyamide obtained by copolymerizing these with a small amount of another polyamide.

The diamide compound used in the present invention is
A compound represented by the above general formula (1) or (2), which is generally adjusted by a reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and an alkyl monoamine or between an alkylenediamine and a monocarboxylic acid.

Typical dicarboxylic acids include succinic acid,
Adipic acid and sebacic acid, including dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms. Typical alkyl monoamines include primary amines substituted with an alkyl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, such as octadecylamine, methyloctadecylamine, and ethyloctadecylamine, and those further substituted with a methyl group or an ethyl group. And a secondary amine substituted with

Representative diamines include methylene diamine, ethylene diamine, propylene diamine and butylene diamine, including alkylene diamines having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Typical monocarboxylic acids include lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and the like.
Alkyl monocarboxylic acids having 1 to 21 carbon atoms are included.

The diamide compound is used in an amount of 0.005 to 2.0
In order to add and mix the weight% to the polyamide, a method of adding it to the polymerization system at the time of polymerization of the polyamide or a method of adding and mixing it to the polyamide chip before spinning may be used.

The compound may be added by any of the above methods, but it is important that the added compound is uniformly dispersed in the polyamide.

The polyamide multifilament used in the present invention has a specific four-leaf cross section as schematically shown in FIG. 1, that is, a single yarn cross-sectional shape (consisting of four outwardly convex curved sides and having substantially no concave portions). Hereinafter, it is necessary to simply have a convex four-leaf shape).

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a fiber cross section, 2 (dashed line) denotes a circumscribed circle, and 3 (dotted line) denotes an inscribed rectangle. The fiber cross section 1 has four protrusions 4, and the curved sides 5 connecting the adjacent protrusions 4, project outward from each side of the inscribed rectangle 3 having the protrusions 4 as vertices. ing. The curved side 5 must always be convex outside the side of the inscribed rectangle 3, and a concave portion must not exist in the middle.

That is, the outer shape of the fiber cross section 1 is present between the inscribed rectangle 3 and the circumscribed circle 2, and it is necessary that substantially no concave portion exists in any part.

The figure shows an example of a four-leaf cross section in which the circumscribed circle is a perfect circle and the inscribed rectangle is a square. There may be.

Specifically, the specified convex four-leaf shape can be represented by a shape that simultaneously satisfies the following equations (5) to (8). Preferably, a non-flat four-lobe shape satisfying the following formula (9) is preferable.

A / 2 <L1 <A / 2 + 0.9 (RA / 2) (5) A / 2 <L2 <A / 2 + 0.9 (RA-2) (6) B / 2 <L3 <B / 2 + 0.9 (RB / 2) (7) B / 2 <L4 <B / 2 + 0.9 (RB / 2) (8) A ≦ B ≦ 1 .5A (9) (However, regarding the fiber cross-sectional shape, R is the radius of the circumscribed circle,
A and B are line segments connecting the midpoints of opposite sides of the inscribed rectangle, L
1 and L2 are the distances from the intersection of line segments A and B to the intersection of the extension line of line segment A and the fiber cross-section, and L3 and L4 are the extension line of line segment B and the fiber cross section from the intersection of line segments A and B. The distance to the intersection with the shape is shown. Next, the one-stage arrangement of the fabric, which is another important component of the present invention, will be described.

The single-stage arrangement refers to a state in which the single yarns constituting the warp and the weft of the woven fabric are arranged in a single stage in the yarn without substantially overlapping. The arrangement state of each single yarn in the yarn can be obtained from an enlarged photograph of the warp / weft cross section of the woven fabric using an electron microscope or the like and from the photograph.

An example of a plain fabric, which is almost all in a one-stage arrangement,
It is shown in FIG. 2 (enlarged photograph of the plane of the fabric) and FIG. 3 (enlarged view of the cross section of the fabric). In FIG. 2, six single yarns constituting a warp and a weft are arranged in parallel in a one-stage arrangement without overlapping.

In order to arrange substantially the entire arrangement of the constituent single yarns in a single-stage arrangement, it is necessary that the raw yarns to be weaved be substantially non-twisted. A non-twisted yarn which is not twisted and is bundled with a sizing agent is preferable, but may be contained if the twist is extremely light, of about 30 t / m or less.

Furthermore, for each of the warp and the weft,
The fabric density satisfies the following formulas (3) and (4).

25.4 / n1> f1 · d1 ...
(3) 25.4 / n2> f2.d2 (4) Here, n1, n2; f1, d1; f2, d2 are the warp weave density (book / inch) and the weft weave in the woven fabric, respectively. Density (book / inch); number of single yarns constituting warp yarns,
Diameter: The number and diameter of the single yarns constituting the weft.

If the above equations (3) and (4) are not satisfied, 1
It is difficult to take a tiered arrangement, and the two- or three-tiered arrangement overlaps with the single yarn.

In order to make substantially the entire arrangement of the constituent single yarns into a single-stage arrangement, in addition to satisfying the above-mentioned formulas (3) and (4), the raw yarn to be used for weaving must be 0 The yarn may be a non-twisted or low-twisted yarn having a sizing agent of up to 30 t / m and provided with a sizing agent.

In the present invention, it is most preferable that all the arrangements of the constituent single yarns are in a single-stage arrangement. The two-stage arrangement or the three-stage arrangement may be slightly mixed depending on points or the like. Specifically, the ratio of the one-stage arrangement may be 80% or more.

Even if the expressions (3) and (4) are satisfied, [25.
4 / n1], the warp interval (xmm) is [f1
D1], and / or
Weft spacing (ymm) calculated by [25.4 / n1]
If the value is much larger than the value of [f2 · d2], the gap between the yarns becomes too large, which is unsuitable for the purpose of the present invention such as casual wear and sportswear.

From this point, the value of the cover factor calculated by the following equation is calculated as the warp cover factor (K1) by 1
0-20, 6-1 in weft cover factor (K2)
4. Also, the sum of the cover factors of the warp and the weft (K
1 + K2) 18-34
It is preferable that

K = (0.0168 / ρ ^1/2 ) · n · D ^1/2 where ρ is the specific gravity of the fiber (g / cm ³ ), n is the weaving density (book / inch), and D is the yarn The fineness (denier).

The warp or weft constituting the woven fabric is preferably a multifilament yarn composed of 4 to 12 filaments having a single yarn fineness of 4 to 30 denier.

When the single yarn fineness is as thin as less than 4 denier,
It is not preferable because single yarn breakage occurs frequently due to external force received during weaving, and fluff is likely to be generated. On the other hand, if it is too thick to exceed 30 denier, the hand of the fabric becomes hard, and it becomes difficult to obtain a practically useful product.

When the number of single yarns is as small as three or less,
The texture of the fabric becomes hard and it is difficult to obtain useful materials for practical use,
Further, it is difficult to set the cover factor to a sufficient value, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the number is too large, such as 13 or more, it is not preferable because it is difficult to form an array in one row, and furthermore, the fabric tends to suffer from irritating defects.

The weave structure is not particularly limited, but in terms of the ease of taking a one-stage arrangement, a four-layer twill such as a plain weave or 2/2,
For example, a three-ply twill weave such as / 1, a four-ply irregular satin weave or the like is preferable.

The weaving method may be an ordinary polyamide filament yarn weaving method such as a water jet loom. However, it is preferable to use a non-twisting and glue-free method in view of the ease of forming one-stage arrangement.

[0039]

As described above, what is important in the super-transparent polyamide fabric of the present invention is that it is composed of an additive and a polyamide fiber whose transparency is improved by specifying a single yarn cross-sectional shape, and the inside of the fabric. The warp and the weft have the single-stage arrangement substantially without overlapping.

In order to increase the transparency of the polyamide fiber, the transparency of the material is improved by adding a diamide compound represented by the above general formulas (1) and (2). It is effective to improve the light transmittance in the fiber and reduce the light reflection intensity on the fiber surface as the convex four-leaf shape.

In general, the light transmission is such that the more parallel surfaces that are opposed to the cross-sectional shape of the fiber, such as a quadrilateral or a flat quadrilateral,
It is good, and in order to increase the transparency of the fiber,
It is necessary to improve this light transmittance.

However, no matter how good the light transmittance is, if the reflection of light on the fiber surface is large, the feeling of glitter becomes strong and the transparency as a fiber is greatly deteriorated.
For example, in the case of a cross-sectional shape having a flat surface or a concave portion, even when light transmittance is good such as a rectangular cross-section having a flat surface or a concave portion, light reflection is strong, and transparency as a fiber is at a level lower than that of a round cross-section yarn. I can only get it.

In order to satisfy a good balance of high light transmittance and suppression of light reflection and to obtain the highest transparency, the above-mentioned convex four-lobe fiber cross-sectional shape is preferable, and the round cross-sectional shape is preferable. Higher transparency is obtained than yarns and other modified cross-section yarns.

That is, the light transmittance is smallest in a round cross section,
The better the plane parallel to the fiber cross-sectional shape is, the better.
However, the light reflection increases as the fiber cross section has a flat portion or a concave portion. Therefore, in order to obtain the highest transparency by satisfying these contradictory characteristics in a well-balanced manner, a four-leaf shape having four curved sides protruding outward and having no concave portion is required in terms of transparency. It is the best.

On the other hand, the round cross-section fiber has a low degree of reflection but a small amount of transmitted light, and therefore has poor transparency. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of a trilobal system such as a triangle, a T-shape, and a Y-shape has low light transmittance, high light reflection, and further poor transparency. Furthermore, in the case of a quadrangular shape having a flat surface or a four-leaf shape having a concave portion such as a cross, light reflection is large due to the flat surface and the concave portion, and the transparency is rather deteriorated.

Among multi-filament yarns composed of highly transparent four-lobed transparent polyamide fibers, among the woven fabrics used as warp and weft, it is possible to obtain a one-stage arrangement with substantially no overlap, and This is effective for remarkably improving the permeability.

This is because, in the case of the one-stage arrangement, the light transmitted through the fiber refraction at the cross section of the fiber is diffused as it is, so that the light transmission state is good. It is considered that the light that has been refracted and transmitted through the fiber cross section is further refracted and scattered by the second fiber cross section, so that the amount of transmitted light deteriorates.

As described above, what is remarkable in the present invention is that the combination of conditions suitable for transparency has resulted in a super-transparent polyamide fabric which has been unexpectedly excellent. is there.

[0049]

EXAMPLES Each value in the following examples is obtained by the following method.

Filament arrangement in the woven fabric: The cross section of the woven fabric is taken in an electron micrograph at 100 times magnification, and the filament arrangement state is observed from the photograph to obtain by calculation.

Transmittance of woven fabric: Using a SM-3 color computer manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd., the transmittance of white fabric before dyeing was measured. The larger the value of the entire fabric, the better the transparency.

Transparency of woven fabric: The white fabric before dyeing was pressed against a newspaper and visually judged according to the degree of legibility.
The results of the determination were displayed based on the following criteria. ：: All strokes could be read without any problem. ：: Small strokes and characters with a large number of strokes were somewhat difficult to read. Δ: Small strokes or characters with a large number of strokes were difficult to read. ×: All characters were difficult to read.

Texture, Irritability, Misalignment, Gloss of Fabric:
Relative evaluation was performed by sensory evaluation, and the results were indicated by the following criteria. A: Very good. ：: Good. Δ: There is a problem. ×: There is a problem.

[Example 1] 98% sulfuric acid relative viscosity was 2.7
To the nylon 6 chip No. 2, 0.3% by weight of ethylene bisstearic acid amide ("Amo wax EBS" powder manufactured by Lion Akzo) was added and mixed well. This mixed chip was melted at 275 ° C., spun out from a spinneret having a cross-shaped discharge hole having a slit width of 0.08 mm and a slit foot length of 0.25 mm, and was wound at a speed of 800 m / min. Then, it was stretched 3.5 times to obtain the original yarn having the fineness and the number of single yarns shown in Table 1 (Nos. 1, 2). The single yarn cross-sectional shape of the obtained yarn had a bulge on the outside, and was a convex quadrilateral having no concave surface.

The obtained raw yarn is used as a warp and a weft, under no twist and no glue conditions, and at a green density such that the one-stage arrangement in the warp weft is almost 100%. After weaving in plain weave with normal WJL, the same dyeing finish as in normal nylon 6 fiber was applied. The process passability at this time was good.

The product properties of the obtained plain fabric are as shown in Table 1, and the cover factor (K value) was as high as 20 or more, and the plain fabric was excellent in both transmittance and transparency. Furthermore, it was excellent as a super-transparent woven fabric without any drawbacks or misalignment. Further, in addition to the transparency effect, there was a special reflection effect, and a unique glossy feeling (so-called ghost feeling) which was not seen before was recognized.

[Comparative Example 1] From the same mixed chip as in Example 1 above, a yarn was produced in the same manner as above using a round-hole spinneret having a hole diameter of 0.3 mmφ, and a circular cross section having the fineness and the number of single yarns shown in Table 1 was obtained. A yarn of nylon 6 was obtained. (Nos. 11 to 13).

The raw yarns of Nos. 11 and 12 were woven under the same weaving density conditions as in Example 1, and were dyed and finished to obtain a plain woven fabric.

The raw yarn No. 13 was slightly woven in accordance with the number of single yarns, woven in the same manner as in Example 1, and dyed and finished to obtain a plain woven fabric.

In the case of No. 14 yarn, the weaving density was reduced in accordance with the fineness of the yarn and the ratio of voids in the fabric was extremely high, so-called auger-style plain woven fabric. Table 1 shows the product properties of the finished plain woven fabric.
Nos. 11 to 14.

In the case of No. 11 and No. 12, although the ratio of the single-stage filament arrangement in the warp and weft is high, since the cross section of the single yarn is round, both the transmittance and the transparency are insufficient. .

In the case of No. 13, since the number of single yarns is almost three times larger than that of No. 11, the number of filaments in the warp and weft is 1
The ratio of the step arrangement was greatly reduced to around 50%, and the transmission efficiency was also reduced. Furthermore, the irritability defect was conspicuous, and the quality was greatly impaired. In the case of No. 14, the ratio of voids in the fabric was as high as about 50% or more, so that the transmittance and transparency were excellent, but the cover factor (K value) was 12.1 And the feeling, drapability, strength, flexibility and the like were unsatisfactory. In addition, misregistration was observed.

Example 2 Using the No. 1 raw yarn obtained in Example 1 for warp and weft, under non-twisting and non-glue conditions, the density of the green fabric was lower than the warp density of a normal twill weave. Then, after weaving into 2/2 twill weave with normal WJL, normal nylon 6
Dyed in the same manner as the fiber to give a twill weave product (No.
3).

The properties of the obtained twill weave product are as shown in No. 3 of Table 1. The ratio of the one-stage filament arrangement in the twill weave is 82%, which is slightly lower than that of the plain weave of Example 1.
Although the transmittance was slightly lowered, the transparency was excellent as in the case of Example 1. Further, there was almost no irritability defect and no misalignment, and it was a super-transparent woven fabric of excellent quality.

[Comparative Example 2] The No. 1 raw yarn obtained in Example 1 was used for warp and weft yarns, woven into a five-sheet satin weave with a normal weaving density, and then woven in the same manner as a normal nylon 6 fiber. It was dyed and finished into a twill woven product (No. 15).

The properties of the obtained satin woven product are shown in Table 1
As shown in FIG.

The warp density greatly increased due to the weave structure, and the ratio of the single-stage filament arrangement in the woven fabric was 16%.
%, Which was remarkably low, most of which was a two-stage arrangement. As a result, the transmittance was reduced to about half that of the No. 1 example, and the woven fabric was inferior in transparency. In addition, the irregularity in the warp direction was conspicuous and the quality was inferior.

[0068]

[Table 1]

[0069]

[Table 2]

[0070]

As described above, the super-transparent polyamide fabric of the present invention can obtain a remarkably high transparency so that the inside can be seen without reducing the cover factor. Furthermore, there is a special reflection effect, and a unique glossy feeling (so-called ghost feeling) that has never been seen before can be obtained. In addition, the dyed fabric is excellent in dye clarity. And it ’s very flexible,
The feeling, drapability, strength, woven fabric quality and the like are superior to conventional polyamide woven fabrics.

Therefore, the super-transparent polyamide fabric of the present invention is extremely useful when manufacturing casual wear, sports wear and the like having high fashionability by making use of these excellent characteristics.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a fiber cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an example of a cross-section of a four-leaf polyamide filament used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged photograph of a plane of a fabric showing one embodiment of the super-transparent fabric of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a cross section of a woven fabric showing one embodiment of the super-transparent woven fabric of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: fiber cross section, 2: its circumscribed circle, 3: its inscribed square, 5: its curved side 11: warp-forming single yarn, 12: weft-forming single yarn

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-57936 (JP, A) JP-A-58-132138 (JP, A) JP-A-58-132137 (JP, A) JP-A-58-132137 132113 (JP, A) JP-A-53-137253 (JP, A) JP-A-55-3427 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A polyamide woven fabric comprising substantially non-twisted polyamide multifilament yarns for warp and weft, wherein said filaments comprise a diamide compound represented by the following general formula (1) or (2): .005 to 2.
A single-fiber cross-sectional shape of a four-leaf cross-section made of a polyamide containing 0% by weight and having four curved sides convex outward and having substantially no concave portions; and the same as the warp and / or weft yarns A super-transparent polyamide fabric, wherein substantially all of the arrangement of the constituent single yarns in the yarn is a single-stage arrangement without overlapping with other single yarns. Embedded image 2. The diameter (d1) of a single yarn constituting the warp
mm), the number of single yarns (f1 yarns), the diameter of the single yarns constituting the weft (d2 mm), the number of single yarns (f2 yarns), the warp weave density in the woven fabric (n1 yarn / inch), the weft weave density (n2 Book/
2. The super-transparent polyamide fabric according to claim 1, wherein (inch) satisfies the following formulas (3) and (4) at the same time. 25.4 / n1> f1 · d1 (3) 25.4 / n2> f2 · d2 (4) 3. The filament has a single yarn fineness of 4 to 3.
2. The super-transparent polyamide fabric according to claim 1, wherein the denier is 0 denier and the number of single yarns constituting the warp and / or weft is 4 to 12.