JP2625518B2 - Synthetic fiber mat - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mat made of synthetic fibers, and more particularly, to a mat capable of maintaining drainage.

[Conventional technology]

In order to prevent major accidents due to the collapse of soil structures, there are a number of embankment creation areas, river embankments, tunnel inner walls, etc. that must prevent penetration of rainwater, river water, and groundwater.

In such places or portions, nonwoven fabric mats are used to remove permeated rainwater, river water, groundwater, and the like.

Such a nonwoven fabric mat is overlaid with a waterproof sheet or the like, and is used by being laid on an embankment or the like when performing civil engineering work.

After heavy rain, etc., the water that reaches the nonwoven fabric mat and the waterproof sheet laid on the embankment by natural infiltration flows through the upper surface of the waterproof sheet and is drained [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the case of mats, the migration of water from debris and the like to the mats is poor. As a result, there is a serious problem that water stagnates inside the embankment and the like, and the strength of the soil is reduced, so that a collapse accident of the soil structure cannot be prevented.

In order to solve these problems, a method of applying a surfactant to a nonwoven fabric mat to impart water permeability can be considered.
However, surfactants and the like, which are generally widely used, once come into contact with water, flow out together with water, and
The effect almost disappears from the first time. This is clearly unsuitable as a nonwoven mat which is practically semi-permanently used for earth structures.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a nonwoven fabric mat which can maintain high drainage performance for a long time.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention employs the following technical means to solve the above problems.

The mat made of the synthetic fiber according to the present invention focuses on the fact that when treated with a specific hydrophilic agent, the permanent water absorption of the fiber is markedly increased, and the sulfo ion-dialkyl succinate, alkylene polyalkylene oxide are used. And at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of polysiloxane and polyalkylene oxide copolymer.

[Action]

Sulfonate-dialkyl succinate, polyalkylene oxide alkylate, or polysiloxane / polyalkylene oxide copolymer applied to a mat formed from synthetic fibers are all surfactants having high hydrophilicity, Immediately absorb and drain water.

Each of the above surfactants has an extremely strong adsorbing power on synthetic fibers and is permanently fixed to the synthetic fibers.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically.

<Synthetic fiber mat> The synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention has a basis weight of 50 g / m ² to 10
A mat of about 00 g / m ² is preferable. The thickness of such a synthetic fiber mat is preferably about 1 to 10 mm. Further, the material forming the mat according to the present invention is usually
If it is a synthetic resin used for a synthetic fiber mat,
Can be widely used.

The synthetic fibers used in the synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention may be crystalline fibers or non-crystalline fibers. Specifically, for example, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly 1-butene, poly 4-methyl-1-
Polyolefins which are homopolymers of olefins such as pentene, polyolefins which are random or block copolymers of α-olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene and 4-methyl-1-pentene, and ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene / vinyl chloride copolymer, etc., ethylene / vinyl compound copolymer, polystyrene, acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer Polymers, styrene-based compound copolymers such as methyl methacrylate / styrene copolymer, α-methylstyrene / styrene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride copolymer, polyacrylic acid Methyl, polymethacrylate Polyvinyl compounds such as methyl luate; polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 6-6, nylon 6-10, nylon 11, and nylon 12; thermoplastic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate; and polycarbonates and polyphenylene oxides. Can be These synthetic fibers may be used alone or in combination with each other. Further, the synthetic resin as described above may be used by being mixed in a molten state before being formed into fibers. When a polyolefin fiber is used in the present invention, it may be a polyolefin fiber containing a modified polyolefin graft-modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as maleic acid or maleic anhydride, in whole or in part. .

In the present invention, among the above synthetic fibers, polyolefin, polyester, and polyamide fibers are particularly preferable. In particular, continuous filaments made of polypropylene are the most preferable because the fibers are not affected by bacteria in the soil and therefore are not easily corroded, and are stable against acidic soil and alkaline soil.

In order to manufacture a mat from the above-mentioned synthetic fibers, a conventionally known method used for manufacturing a woven or nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers can be widely used. In addition, among the mats thus manufactured, a mat made of nonwoven fabric is preferable because of excellent drainage.

<Composition of Surfactant> Surfactants which are used after being fixed to the synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention can be roughly classified into three types of surfactants. That is, a sulfo ion-dialkyl succinate, an alkyl acid polyalkylene oxide, and a polysiloxane / polyalkylene oxide copolymer are exemplified. These may be used alone or in combination with each other.
When used in combination, two or more surfactants may be fixed to one mat and used, or two or more surfactants may be layered and fixed on one mat. It may be used.

The sulfoion-dialkyl succinate fixed on the synthetic fiber mat is an anionic surfactant and is represented by the following formula (1).

In the above formula (1), each of R ¹ and R ² is a linear or branched alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and M ⁺ is a monovalent cation.

The cation represented by M ⁺ in formula (1), specifically, for example Na ^+, alkali metal ions such as K ^+, and ammonium ions, such as NH ₄ ⁺ can be exemplified. Of these, Na ⁺ is preferred.

The anionic surfactant represented by the above formula (1) which is particularly preferably used in the synthetic fiber mat of the present invention includes sulfo sodium ion-di (2-ethylhexyl) succinate.

Polyalkylene oxide alkylates fixed to a synthetic fiber mat with or without sulfo ion-dialkyl succinate is a nonionic surfactant,
It is represented by the following equation (2).

In the above formula (2), R ³ is an alkyl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms. m is the number of repeating units in one molecule;
Is an integer. R ⁴ and R ⁵ are a hydrogen or a methyl group in which at least one of the parenthesized repeating units is always hydrogen. Note that R ⁴ and R ⁵ do not necessarily represent the same substituent among the respective repeating units arranged in a chain, and may be different regularly or irregularly.

Nonionic surfactants which are particularly preferably used in the synthetic fiber mat of the present invention and represented by the above formula (2) include alkyl acid polyethylene oxide, alkyl acid polypropylene oxide, alkyl acid copoly (ethylene oxide / propylene oxide) and the like. No.

A polysiloxane / polyalkylene oxide copolymer fixed to a nonwoven fabric mat with or without sulfoion-dialkyl succinate is a nonionic surfactant represented by the following formula (3).

In the above formula (3), R ⁶ is represented by R ⁷ O (R ⁷ O) rR ⁷ OH. R ⁷
Is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, n and r are each 0
Or, an integer of 1 or more, p and q are each an integer of 1 or more. It should be noted that n and p do not necessarily represent the same number in each of the parentheses {} that are continuous in a chain, and may differ regularly or irregularly. In particular, the nonionic surfactant represented by the above formula (3) used in the present invention is preferably a surfactant in which r is an integer of 10 to 15. As the polyalkylene oxide represented by R ⁶ , polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and the like are preferable.

The fixing amount of these surfactants to the synthetic fiber mat may be appropriately changed depending on the type and basis weight of the mat and the required hydrophilicity level, but is usually 0.5 to 10 g / m ² , preferably In many cases, a range of 1 to 6 g / m ² is desirable. If it is less than 0.5 g / m ² , sufficient hydrophilicity may not be imparted to the mat. Although it can be said that the upper limit is not strict, if it exceeds 10 g / m ² , the effect is not sufficient because the amount of the surfactant is large, so that it is not very advantageous.

<Fixing method of surfactant> The fixing method of the surfactant to the synthetic fiber mat is as follows.
Various known methods, for example, a spray method of spraying with a spray gun, a surfactant is placed on the uneven surface of the gravure plate with irregularities, the surfactant is scraped off with a spatula, and then the mat is placed on the gravure plate and pressed with a rubber roll. And a gravure coating method in which the surfactant in the concave portions on the uneven surface is transferred to the mat, a reverse coater method in which the surfactant is applied with a reverse coater, and the like. In the practice of the present invention, other fixing methods other than those described above will of course pose no problem as long as the adsorbing power of the surfactant to the fibers can be sufficiently ensured. The fixing of the surfactant may be performed before processing the synthetic fiber into a mat, or may be performed after processing the synthetic fiber into a mat.

The synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention is usually used by spreading it in advance on a surface that requires drainage with embankment or the like, and then performing embankment thereon.

The synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention is suitably used as a geotextile, specifically, for example, as a civil engineering mat in the following places.

<Embankment> The embankment is laid horizontally in the embankment a, and one side of the civil engineering mat b projects outward from the side surface of the embankment. When the civil engineering mat is used in this way, excess water in the embankment is quickly discharged, the generation of excessive pore water pressure in the embankment is prevented, the excess water is eliminated, the compression of the embankment is promoted, and the An embankment structure with stable ground is formed in the ground, and slip failure of the embankment is prevented.

<Gravel, dark spots, perforated pipes> Gravel, dark spots, perforated pipes, etc. are covered with the civil engineering mat b so that clogging due to intrusion of the earth and sand c is eliminated, and an excellent drainage function is maintained for a long time.

<Jakago> On the slopes of mountains and hills, cuts d are formed in the shape of a doll bed to prevent the collapse, and a Jagago filled with chestnut stone e is placed horizontally in each stage, and embankment a is placed on top. It is covered.

The civil engineering mat b of the present invention can be used as a separating material for preventing earth and sand from entering a basket.

<Prevention of drainage> In reservoirs, waterways, rivers f, or coasts, articulated blocks g, baskets, chestnut stones, wave-dissipating blocks, etc.
By laying the civil engineering mat b between them, the suction of the embankment earth and sand h due to the flow of water and the fluctuation of the water level is prevented, and the collapse and uneven settlement of the embankment slope are prevented.

<Tunnel drainage> It is laid between the primary concrete j and the secondary concrete k on the inner wall surface of the tunnel i. By doing so, the side water that seeps out of the ground can be quickly drained, and the generation of water pressure on the tunnel structure and the leakage of water into the tunnel can be prevented. In such a case, the water stop sheet l may be used in combination.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<Example 1> A nonwoven fabric mat of the same size manufactured by a spunbond method using a polypropylene continuous filament as a raw material <Tafnel trade name (Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.)> An aqueous solution (concentration: 10% by weight) of sodium ion-dialkyl succinate (trade name: SOPHONON (Toho Chemical)) was applied by a spray method. 12 ml / m ² coating weight with respect to one of the nonwoven fabric, and the other was 50 ml / m ^2. Then it was air dried and the surfactant was fixed. The fixing amount of the surfactant was 1.2 g / m ² .

<Example 2> A polysiloxane / polyethylene oxide copolymer was used as a surfactant (trade name: San Silicone (Sanyo Chemical))
The procedure was the same as in Example 1 except for using.

<Example 3> The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that an alkyl acid polyalkylene oxide (trade name: Pronal (Toho Chemical)) was used as a surfactant.

<Reference Experiment> One sheet of the nonwoven fabric mat obtained by fixing the surfactant in Example 1 was laid on a ground surface 2 having a crossing gradient of 3%, and crushed stones 5 were deposited thereon.

A large amount of water was applied to the crushed stone 5 deposited as described above with a hose. Further, 20, 40, 60, and 80 days later, the same amount of water was applied. In each case, it was confirmed that the civil engineering mat was extremely drainable.

The nonwoven fabric mat obtained by fixing the surfactant Sansilicon in Example 2 was embanked in the same manner as described above, and was sprayed with a large amount of water. Also in this case, it was confirmed that drainage was extremely good.

The nonwoven fabric mat obtained by fixing the surfactant alkyl acid polyalkylene oxide in Example 3 was embanked in the same manner as described above, and a large amount of water was applied. Also in this case, it was confirmed that drainage was extremely good.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, a specific surfactant is fixed to a mat formed of synthetic fibers. Since this mat is provided with permanent hydrophilicity, it is particularly effective as a geotextile for rainwater and the like, and has an efficient and permanent drainage performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when a synthetic fiber mat according to the present invention is used in a reference experiment, and FIG. Sectional view of embankment when used in embankment, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of dark spot when used for protection of dark spots, Fig. 5 is cross-sectional view when used for protection of Japanese basket, Fig. 6 Is a cross-sectional view of a river when used for preventing suction, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel when used for drainage material in the tunnel. 1,4 …… Synthetic fiber mat, 5 …… Embankment

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] At least one selected from the group consisting of a sulfonate-dialkyl succinate, a polyalkylene oxide alkylene oxide represented by the formula (2), and a polysiloxane / polyalkylene oxide copolymer represented by the formula (3) A mat made of synthetic fibers on which various kinds of surfactants are fixed. (In the formula (2), R ³ is an alkyl group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
m is the number of repeating units in one molecule, and is an integer of 1 to 200. R ⁴ and R ⁵ are the same as defined above except that at least one of the repeating units enclosed in parentheses is always hydrogen.
It is a hydrogen or methyl group. ) (In the formula (3), R ⁶ is represented by R ⁷ O (R ⁷ O) rR ⁷ OH. R ⁷ is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and n and r are each an integer of 0 or 1 or more. , P and q are all integers of 1 or more.)