JP2623184B2 - Greening method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for greening the ground surface, and more particularly to greening the ground surface, which is generally difficult to green, such as river embankments, slopes such as road slopes, sandy lands such as coasts and landfills. Concerning the construction method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-47324 discloses "polyacetic acid containing 12 to 40 parts by weight of dibutyl phthalate per 100 parts by weight of a vinyl acetate component on the ground surface as a" stabilization method and greening method for ground surface ". A method for stabilizing the ground surface characterized by spraying or spraying a vinyl emulsion is disclosed. After seeds or rhizomes are sown on the soil surface, 12 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the vinyl acetate component.
Spraying or spraying a polyvinyl acetate emulsion containing parts by weight of dibutyl phthalate as a protective agent, a polyvinyl acetate emulsion containing 12 to 40 parts by weight of dibutyl phthalate per 100 parts by weight of seeds or rhizome and vinyl acetate component And spraying or spraying a mixture of the two on the soil surface. An erosion control method for spraying a binder onto the surface to prevent runoff of the topsoil is widely used. Due to its strong binding force, vinyl acetate emulsions are effective in ground surface stabilization methods as erosion inhibitors and are widely used. As the erosion inhibitor, a synthetic rubber latex, an acrylic resin emulsion, a urethane-based water-soluble resin, a cationic asphalt emulsion, and the like are used in addition to a vinyl acetate emulsion.

[0003]

The conventional erosion inhibitors are:
If it freezes easily in winter, the emulsion system is destroyed and cannot be used. Erosion inhibitors, which are liquids containing large amounts of water, have problems in their transportation and handling,
The disposal of the used container was also inconvenient.

Among the greening methods, the greening method by spraying comprises: ( A ) a seed or rhizome; ( B ) a vegetation base material;
( C ) A vegetation composition comprising a binder and, if necessary, a vegetation additive is mixed well and sprayed with water in a muddy state. The greening method by spraying has the advantages that the construction speed is high, the construction unit price is low, and the construction can be carried out in large quantities. In particular, the greening method sprayed with vegetation base material is suitable for steep slopes, and the outflow of vegetation base material is suppressed by a binder.

Attempts have been made to use erosion inhibitors as binders. However, when conventional erosion inhibitors are used as binders, the effect of effluent of vegetation base materials cannot be obtained if the amount used is small, and the amount used must be reduced. If it is increased, the soil hardness becomes high, and there are problems such as poor germination and growth. In particular, when a synthetic resin emulsion is used as a binder, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the synthetic resin particles in the vegetation composition because the synthetic resin particles are dispersed in water, and the vegetation base material and the vegetation additive are used. The effect of the binder cannot be obtained with a small amount of use because it is easily adsorbed on the surface. Also,
When the synthetic resin coats the seed or rhizome, there is a problem that germination and growth are remarkably reduced.

In the revegetation method by spraying, it is necessary to improve the germination and growth of seeds or rhizomes without suppressing the hardness of the sprayed soil and to suppress the outflow of the vegetation base material. Binders that can be applied to objects have been strongly desired.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have focused on synthetic resin powder obtained by spray-drying a synthetic resin emulsion,
As a result of intensive research on the greening method by spraying, it has been clarified that excellent greening can be performed by spraying using a synthetic resin powder having a specific re-emulsifiability as a binder, and the present invention has been completed.

[0008] The present invention relates to a vinyl-based aqueous synthetic resin emulsion obtained by polymerizing a ( A ) seed or rhizome, ( B ) a vegetation base material, and ( C ) a water-soluble polymer compound as a protective colloid. A vinyl-based aqueous synthetic resin emulsion obtained by copolymerizing a saturated carboxylic acid, having a glass transition point of 20 ° C or lower.
A re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition obtained by spray-drying system emulsion with an anti-caking agent, Ri Do and a (D) compound fertilizer, re-emulsifiable synthetic resin (C)
The amount of the emulsion powder is based on 1 m ^{3 of the} total composition .
A greening method characterized by spraying a vegetation composition of 0.5 to 20 kg onto the soil surface. 2. 2. The greening method according to item 1, wherein a vegetation additive such as a soil conditioner or a water retention agent is blended. 3. 3. The greening method according to item 1 or 2, wherein the vegetation base material is one or more selected from soil, bark, and peat moss. 4 . 4. The greening method according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the anti-binding agent is an inorganic powder. 5 . A greening method comprising mixing the vegetation composition according to any one of items 1 to 4 with water and spraying the mixture on water. About.

The seed or rhizome used in the present invention may be a seed or rhizome conventionally used in a greening method by spraying. For example, Kentucky 31 Festa, Wiping Ruggrass, Italian Ryegrass,
White clover, creeping red festa, bamboo grass, medhagi, mugwort, pampas grass, Japanese turf, false acacia, yashabushi, yamahagi.

[0010] The amount of seeds or rhizome, depends on the type of seeds or rhizome used, also can not be specifically limited because it varies depending on the thickness of spraying vegetation composition, 100 g to respect the vegetation base material 1 m ³ It is preferable to use 1 kg.

The vegetation substrate material used in the present invention is at least one or more selected from soil, bark, and peat moss. As the soil, a 74 μ sieve passes 30 to 70%, the size of gravel is 6 mm or less, Is 5% or less, and soil free from substances harmful to plant growth is used. It is preferable to use artificial soil mixed for vegetation.

Chemical fertilizers include nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea, lime nitrogen, and slow-release nitrogen fertilizers: lime superphosphate,
Phosphate fertilizers such as fused phosphorus fertilizers: Potassium fertilizers such as potassium chloride and potassium sulfate and composite fertilizers are used. The amount of chemical fertilizer used is
Although it depends on the amount of seed or rhizome used, it is not particularly limited, but 1 kg to 20 K per 1 m ^{3 of} vegetation base material.
g is preferable.

In the present invention, as a vegetation additive, a warming agent, a strength improving agent, a fertilizer other than a chemical fertilizer, a water retaining agent, and the like can be used as necessary. Vermiculite, perlite and the like can be mentioned as the heat insulator. Examples of the strength improver include rock wool, glass fiber, cellulose fiber and the like. Fertilizers other than chemical fertilizers include humus and oil cake. Water retention agents include polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol,
Methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and the like are used.

[0014] The re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition used in the present invention includes a vinyl-based aqueous synthetic resin emulsion obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble polymer compound as a protective colloid and / or a vinyl polymer obtained by copolymerizing an unsaturated carboxylic acid. A glass transition point of 20 ° C., which is a water-based synthetic resin emulsion and becomes a re-emulsifiable powder by spray drying.
A re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition obtained by spray-drying the following vinyl-based aqueous synthetic resin emulsion together with an anti-binder is used.

The amount of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition is 0.5 to 20 K per 1 m ^{3 of the} vegetation composition.
g is preferable. When it is 0.5 kg or less, the effect as a binder is small, and when it is 20 kg or more, workability is unpreferably decreased.

The vinyl monomer is not particularly restricted but includes vinyl acetate, vinyl versatate, acrylate, methacrylate, styrene,
Examples include polymers and copolymers such as vinyl chloride. Particularly, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate vinyl ester copolymer are preferred. When alkali resistance is required, a copolymer of an acrylate ester and a methacrylate ester is preferred.

In order to produce a vinyl synthetic resin aqueous emulsion which becomes a re-emulsifiable powder by spray drying,
Emulsion polymerization of the above-mentioned monomers using a water-soluble polymer compound as a protective colloid, or copolymerization of a hydrophilic unsaturated carboxylic acid or the like to impart hydrophilicity to the vinyl-based synthetic resin particles in the vinyl-based synthetic resin aqueous emulsion. It is obtained by increasing the nature. In order to form a film by drying the re-emulsified liquid at room temperature, the glass transition point of the vinyl-based synthetic resin in the vinyl-based synthetic resin aqueous emulsion to be a re-emulsifiable powder needs to be 20 ° C or less, In particular, the temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or lower. When the glass transition point of the vinyl-based synthetic resin exceeds 20 ° C., the caking property is insufficient,
It cannot be used as a binder in the greening method by spraying. When the vinyl-based synthetic resin emulsion having a glass transition point of 20 ° C. or lower is spray-dried alone, the vinyl-based synthetic resin particles are bonded to each other to form a block, and a powder cannot be obtained. is required.

Examples of the anti-binding agent include silica, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate and the like having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.1.
5 μm inorganic fine powder is used.

[0019]

The revegetation method of the present invention comprises ( A ) a seed or rhizome, ( B ) a vegetation base material, ( C ) a binder comprising a re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition, and (D) a chemical fertilizer , if necessary. The vegetation composition comprising the vegetation additive is uniformly mixed and sprayed onto the soil surface.

There are two types of spraying: a wet type and a dry type. In the wet type, water is further added to the vegetation composition and mud is sprayed on the soil surface with a hydroseeder, a small-sized drum seeder, a backing jet seeder, or the like.

In the dry method, the composition for vegetation is uniformly mixed and sprayed onto the (soil surface) by a mortar spraying machine or the like. In the dry spraying, water may be sprayed after spraying, but a composition containing a small amount of water for re-emulsifying the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition may be sprayed in a dry manner. When bark compost or peat moss containing a large amount of water is used as an additive for vegetation, water is not added because the water in the bark compost or peat moss contributes to the re-emulsification of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition. It can be performed dry.

According to the greening method of the present invention, germination and growth of seeds or rhizomes are very good. The reasons are as follows. Since the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder is a dry powder unlike the synthetic resin emulsion, it is difficult to be adsorbed by the vegetation base material and the vegetation additive, and can be uniformly mixed with the composition. The effect as is fully exhibited. B. Even if used in a large amount, it does not cover the seeds or rhizomes unlike the synthetic resin emulsion, and thus does not inhibit the germination and growth of the seeds or rhizomes. C. Synthetic resin emulsion makes the vegetation composition layer dense and hard after construction, but re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder makes the vegetation composition layer bulky after construction and has high moisture and air retention. , A good environment for germination and growth of seeds or rhizomes. And other reasons.

According to the revegetation method of the present invention, a uniformly mixed vegetation composition can be used, and since the vegetation composition is finished in a bulky manner, the workability at the time of spraying is good and the vegetation composition unit is used. The construction area can be increased with respect to the quantity. Since the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder does not require a packaging container such as a liquid, it can be transported in a paper bag, and the used paper bag is incinerated. The greening method of the present invention is particularly excellent as a greening method in a mountain refuge in terms of transportation and processing of empty packaging containers.

The revegetation method of the present invention is used in places where revegetation is required. In particular, (1) steep slopes, so-called slopes, and (2) seed dispersal works, where seeds do not grow, expose thin land and bedrock. Land (3) Especially suitable for greening sandy lands which are difficult to green.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The patent of the present application will be described below with reference to embodiments.

Example 1 500 g of seeds (10 parts by weight of Kentucky 31 Fesc) (5 parts by weight of white clover) (5 parts by weight of whipping love grass) Soil (sandy soil) 1,000 liters Peat moss 1,000 liters Chemical fertilizer uniformly mixed in a ratio of 8 kg, ethylene polyvinyl alcohol on the mixture 1 m ³ containing 10 wt% in the emulsion solids as protective colloid - vinyl acetate copolymer (glass transition point of 0 ° C.) aqueous emulsion (solid 100 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of silica fine powder having an average particle diameter of 0.02 μm and 3 kg of a re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder sprayed from separate nozzles and simultaneously dried, and further mixed. Add about 500 liters of water to make a composition for vegetation, and make a 30 mm slope on a 50 mm thick It was carried out with care. It germinated on about the 7th day, and after 2 months, greening was completed. For the rainfall test, the vegetation composition of Example 1 was uniformly packed in a plywood formwork having a width of 200 mm, a length of 300 mm, and a height of 30 mm in which a lath wire mesh was laid at the bottom.

Example 2 A vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate copolymer containing 10% by weight in the solid content of an emulsion using polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid instead of 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1. (Glass transition point is 10 ° C) Aqueous emulsion (solids concentration 50
Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight) and 20 parts by weight of calcium carbonate fine powder having an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm were sprayed from separate nozzles and 4 kg of a re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder dried at the same time was used. Spraying was performed in the same manner as described above. It germinated on about the 7th day, and after 2 months, greening was completed. For the rainfall test, the vegetation composition of Example 2 was laid on the bottom with a lath wire mesh, and was 200 mm wide and 300 m long.
m, uniformly packed in a plywood formwork having a height of 30 mm.

Example 3 Instead of 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1, a butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer containing polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid in an emulsion solid content of 10% by weight ( Glass transition point: -10 ° C) 100 parts by weight of an aqueous emulsion (solid content concentration: 40% by weight) and styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer (glass transition point: 103 ° C) using a surfactant as an emulsifier (Partial concentration: 50% by weight) was sprayed from separate nozzles and sprayed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6 kg of re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder dried at the same time was used.
It germinated on about the 7th day, and after 2 months, greening was completed. For the rainfall test, the vegetation composition of Example 3 was laid on the bottom with a lath wire mesh, and was 200 mm wide, 300 mm long, and 30 m high.
m was uniformly packed in a plywood formwork.

Comparative Example 1 A blank vegetation composition without using 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1 was prepared as follows.
Lath wire mesh laid at the bottom for rain test 200m wide
m, a length of 300 mm and a height of 30 mm were uniformly packed in a plywood formwork.

Comparative Example 2 Instead of 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid in an emulsion solid content of 10% by weight (glass transition point) Is 0
° C) aqueous emulsion (solid content concentration 50% by weight) 8 kg
(This aqueous emulsion is a pre-spray-dried re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1.) A vegetation composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the vegetation composition was used in a rain test. For this purpose, it was uniformly packed in a plywood formwork having a width of 200 mm, a length of 300 mm and a height of 30 mm, in which a lath wire mesh was laid on the bottom.

Comparative Example 3 8 kg of the aqueous emulsion used in Comparative Example 2 was
A vegetation composition prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that the weight was 0 kg was used.
It was uniformly packed in a plywood formwork of 0 mm, length 300 mm, and height 30 mm.

Comparative Example 4 Powder 4 obtained by pulverizing a resin spray-dried without using fine silica powder having an average particle size of 0.018 μm instead of 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1
A vegetation composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Kg was used, and a lath wire mesh was laid at the bottom for a rainfall test.
The pieces were uniformly packed in a plywood form having a size of 00 mm, a length of 300 mm and a height of 30 mm.

Comparative Example 5 Example 1 was repeated except that 4 kg of polyvinyl alcohol powder, which is a water-soluble resin powder, was used in place of 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1.
The vegetation composition prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 was uniformly packed in a plywood form having a width of 200 mm, a length of 300 mm, and a height of 30 mm in which a lath wire mesh was laid on the bottom for a rainfall test.

Comparative Example 6 Instead of 3 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in Example 1, a vinyl acetate copolymer containing polyvinyl alcohol as a protective colloid at 10% by weight in the emulsion solid content (glass transition point is 30 ° C) 100 kg of an aqueous emulsion (solid content: 50% by weight) and 10 parts by weight of a fine silica powder having an average particle size of 0.018 µm are sprayed from separate nozzles, and 4 kg of a re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder dried at the same time is used. Example 1 except that
A vegetation composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a lath wire mesh was laid at the bottom for a rainfall test.
It was uniformly packed in a plywood formwork of 0 mm, length 300 mm, and height 30 mm.

Test (1) Workability test Workability up to preparing a vegetation composition was observed. Example 1
4, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 4, and Comparative Example 6 can be uniformly mixed without any problem, and the workability is good.
A homogeneous vegetation composition was obtained. In Comparative Examples 2 and 3, since an aqueous emulsion was used, a device for diluting the aqueous emulsion with water was required, and the amount of water to be added had to be calculated, and the operation was complicated. Comparative Examples 3 and 5
In the case of, the composition for vegetation had a large caking, it was difficult to perform uniform stirring, and workability was poor. Table 1 shows the test results.

[0035]

[Table 1]

(2) Rainfall test The plywood form containing the vegetation compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 was maintained at a 45 ° inclination, and the spray pump was sprayed at a rainfall of 300 mm / hour. It rained in the shape. The amount of runoff soil 15 minutes after the start of rainfall was collected, and its dry weight was measured. Seeds were particularly remarkable when the amount of soil lost was 20% or more. Table 1 shows the test results.

(3) Vegetation test Two types of plywood forms containing the vegetation compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 before and after the rain test were subjected to no rain. It was placed on a good 45 degree slope, and the state of germination on the seventh day and the state of greening two months later were observed. The germination state and the greening state of the blank before the rain test were set to 100 and compared. : 90% or more Δ: 51 to 89% ×: 50% or less The test results were as shown in Table 1.

Example 5 500 g of seeds (10 parts by weight of Kentucky 31 Fesc) (5 parts by weight of white clover) (5 parts by weight of whipping lovegrass) Peat moss 1,000 liters Bark 1,000 liters mixing, carried out on the mixture 1 m ³ Example 1
4 kg of the re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder used in 1) was uniformly mixed to obtain a vegetation composition. (Do not add water.) Apply the vegetation composition to a 30-degree slope at a thickness of 50 m.
Spraying was performed with a m mortar gun. It germinated on about the 7th day, and after 2 months, greening was completed.

[0039]

According to the present invention, a plant can be vegetated on an inclined surface, sandy land, gravel, a rock surface, etc. by using a vegetation composition having a special composition. Further, since it does not contain water, there is an advantage that the emulsion is not destroyed due to freezing or the like, and transport is easy.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] (1) A seed or rhizome, ( B ) a vegetation base material, ( C ) a vinyl-based aqueous synthetic resin emulsion obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble polymer compound as a protective colloid, and / or an unsaturated carboxylic acid. A polymerized vinyl-based aqueous synthetic resin emulsion having a glass transition point of 20 ° C or lower.
A re-emulsifiable synthetic resin emulsion powder composition obtained by spray-drying system emulsion with anti-caking agents, Ri Do and a (D) compound fertilizer, re-emulsifiable synthetic resin (C)
The amount of the emulsion powder is based on 1 m ^{3 of the} total composition .
A greening method characterized by spraying a vegetation composition of 0.5 to 20 kg onto the soil surface. 2. The revegetation method according to claim 1, further comprising a vegetation additive such as a soil conditioner and a water retention agent. 3. The revegetation method according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation base material is one or more selected from soil, bark, and peat moss. 4. The greening method according to claim 1, wherein the anti-binding agent is an inorganic powder. 5. A greening method comprising mixing the vegetation composition according to claim 1 with water and spraying the mixture on water.