JP2621862B2 - Tone generator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tone generator, and more particularly, to an envelope using a corresponding order envelope function for each of a plurality of order component wave signals from a component wave generator. (E.g., a sine wave synthesis type) that synthesizes a tone signal by adding

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As a conventional tone generator, a user individually sets and inputs an envelope for each of a plurality of sine waves as frequency components, and when generating a tone, a sine wave of the order corresponding to the individual envelope. Is known which synthesizes a tone signal with a sine wave by controlling the envelope of the tone signal.

According to this type of tone generator, since a plurality of sine wave signals are controlled by independent envelope functions for each frequency (order), it is possible to obtain rich tones.

However, since the user has to set and input the envelope for each frequency component of the musical tone to be obtained, there is a problem that the input is very troublesome and the burden is very heavy.

[Object of the Invention] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a musical sound generating apparatus capable of automatically generating an envelope function for each order by only a very simple input operation (setting input operation of a common envelope function, etc.).

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention synthesizes a tone signal by adding an envelope to each of a plurality of component wave signals from a component wave generating means using an envelope function of a corresponding order. In a tone generator of the type shown in FIG. 1, a common envelope setting means for providing a common envelope function common to all orders, and a value of each order in order to obtain the above-mentioned envelope function for each order from the common envelope function provided by the common envelope setting means. Is input as order data x standardized according to a predetermined standard,
Level value data w (t) obtained by standardizing the level value of the common envelope function according to a predetermined standard is received as a second input, and a difference u =
xw (t) is calculated, and the envelope function F of each order is calculated.
_x (t) is defined as a function G (u) of the difference u, and this function G
As (u), one having a characteristic that varies depending on the value of u within a predetermined range of the value of difference u is used, and this function G (u) is used as a common envelope function for each order x. By applying the value of the difference u with respect to the envelope functions of the plurality of orders, the envelope functions belonging to at least a part of the plurality of envelope function groups are mutually reciprocal when a predetermined common envelope function is given. And an envelope converting means for generating an envelope function of each order so as to have different characteristics.

In one embodiment, the envelope conversion means determines that a derivative f ′ (u) of the function f (u) is u> 0.
By generating the envelope function using a function f (u) that satisfies f ′ (u) <0 at the time of the above, in a range where the level value data of the common envelope function is smaller than the order data, the envelope function follows the difference. It is characterized by being attenuated.

In another aspect, the envelope conversion means receives, as the level value data, data representing an instantaneous level value at each time of the common envelope function, and outputs order data x of each order value and an instantaneous level value at each time. The difference u is calculated with respect to the data w (t), and the value of the function G (u) with respect to the difference u is obtained at each time, thereby obtaining the instantaneous level value at each time of the envelope function of each order. It is characterized by the following.

In still another aspect, the envelope conversion means receives, as the level value data, target level value data representing a target level of each step when the common envelope function is expressed by a rate and a target level for each step. , The difference u between the order data x of the value of each order and the target level value data w (t) of each step, and the value of the function G (u) for this difference u are found for each step. , A target level value of each step of the envelope function of each order is obtained.

[Operation and Development of the Invention] According to the present invention, the user can obtain a musical sound by:
It is not necessary to individually create an envelope function for each of the component wave signals of a plurality of orders, and it is sufficient to determine only one envelope function. This is because a plurality of envelope functions are generated from this single envelope function (common envelope function) by the envelope conversion means. That is, an envelope function for controlling the envelope of a component wave signal of a certain order is obtained by converting the common envelope function according to the value of the order of the component wave signal.

That is, according to the present invention, the order data x obtained by standardizing the values of the respective orders according to a predetermined standard is used as the first input, and the level value data w (t) obtained by standardizing the level value of the common envelope function according to the predetermined standard. As the second input, and the difference u = x−w between the order data x and the level value data w (t)
(T) is calculated. Further, according to the present invention, an envelope function of order x is defined by a function of the difference u. Therefore, an envelope function of order x is set to Fx (t), and a function of u that defines this envelope function is G
When writing (u), F _x (t) = G (u). In this document, a function G (u) that defines an envelope function of order x is sometimes referred to as a conversion characteristic function G (u) or an order envelope definition function G (u).

As described above, in the present invention, the envelope function of the order is a function of u (= x−w (t)), and changes depending on u.

Therefore, in principle, the envelope function F of order x
_x (t) depends on the magnitude of the order x (the value of the order indicated by the order data) and the common envelope function w (t) (the level value of the common envelope function indicated by the level value data). Now, considering specific level value data, the value of u will differ for each order with respect to this specific “same” level value data. Therefore, when the level value data is considered fixed, the envelope function after conversion (order envelope function) depends on the magnitude of the order x.

However, in the application of the present invention, the envelope functions of all the orders used do not need to have all different characteristics from each other, and a predetermined common envelope function is given only to a plurality of order envelope function groups which are a part of them. When given (in relation to a given common envelope function), it is sufficient for the order envelope functions to have different properties. This means that as a function G (u) of the difference u that defines the order envelope function F _x (t), the value of u is not limited to the whole range of the value of the difference u but only to a partial range or a predetermined range. This means that those with properties that vary depending on the use can be used.

This can be easily understood by considering a filter characteristic function, for example, a low-pass filter characteristic function when the axis of the difference u is “assumed” as the frequency axis. A general low-pass filter exhibits a pass characteristic with a gain of approximately 1 in a very low frequency band, and exhibits a rejection characteristic (ideally, infinite attenuation) in a sufficiently high frequency band. Considering this simulation by G (u), when u is smaller than a certain value α,
G (u) = 1, and when u is larger than another certain value β (β> α), G (u) = 0, so that G (u) has pass band and stop band characteristics. Can be. Then, when u is within the range of “α, β”, a function that changes depending on the value of u (in this case, a low-pass filter simulation, so that a function that decreases (eg, monotonically decreases) for u can be used) ).

In this document, such u-value dependent change function is f
(U).

In one selection example, the conversion characteristic function G (u) is a function that can be calculated by arithmetic and logical operations. In this case, the envelope conversion means can be basically realized by means for executing an appropriate theory and calculation algorithm.

In another selection example, the conversion characteristic function G (u) is given by u given a value x of the order and a value w of the common envelope function.
Is a function that is uniquely determined from, but is a function that cannot be calculated by arithmetic or logical operations, or at least a function that cannot be calculated for u corresponding to a certain combination of x and w. In such a case, the envelope conversion means can use a conversion table (which can be realized by a memory such as a ROM) for a range in which calculation is not possible. The conversion table can be used even in the case of the first selection example, but it can be determined in consideration of the processing speed, the amount of calculation, the required storage capacity, and the like.

In one simple example, a monotonic function can be selected as the transformation characteristic function G (x, w) for the entire domain of the difference u. In this case, logical operation (comparison, AND, OR, etc.)
Is not required, and the conversion can be performed purely by arithmetic operations.

In a slightly more complicated example, a function whose characteristics change piecewise according to the value of the difference u is selected as the conversion characteristic function G (u). In this case, the function to be used is switched according to the value of u. For example, in the range of u> 0, the monotone function G
₁ (u) is a conversion characteristic function, and another monotone function G ₂ (u) is a conversion characteristic function in the range of u ≦ 0. In such a case, a logical operation is added.

In any case, the envelope conversion means generates a plurality of order-specific envelope functions from the common envelope function. As a result, the user is relieved of the burden of creating an envelope function for each component wave, and it is very easy to create musical sounds.

The common envelope function input to the envelope exchange means can be expressed in various forms. In the most naive example of digital technology, an envelope function is provided in the form of waveform data (a sequence of digital data representing instantaneous values of envelope levels). In many cases, the envelope function is compressed data (control information)
Is represented by For example, a polygonal line type envelope function is represented by a set of position data of each folding point (for example, represented by data of a rate and a level of several steps). As an envelope input device, one that inputs an envelope function in the form of waveform data is not widely known, but, for example, when an envelope waveform is drawn on an input device such as a tablet and input, the A / D converted The data (data before data compression) is in the form of waveform data. In any case, the type of input device for inputting the common envelope function is not critical to the invention.

On the other hand, the manner of the conversion process varies depending on the form of the expression of the common envelope function input to the envelope conversion means. For example, in one configuration example, the envelope conversion means converts a common envelope function provided in the form of digital waveform data into an envelope function for each order having a similar format. That is, each digital value of the common envelope function is converted to each digital value of the degree-specific envelope function. The converted envelope function according to the order in the waveform data format may be directly applied to the component wave signal in the waveform data format. It may be restored to an envelope function in a data format. In another configuration example, the envelope conversion means converts a common envelope function provided in the form of control information into an envelope function for each order having a similar format. In this case, in a simple example, only the values of the control information (for example, the values of the rate and level data of each step, or the coordinate values of each turning point) are calculated according to the above-described conversion characteristic function G (u). By performing the conversion, an order-specific envelope function can be obtained. In a slightly more complicated example, for example, not only the points at each breakpoint, but also some points on the fold line (these points can be easily obtained by simple calculations.
The conversion characteristic function is also applied to the common envelope function to determine each point defining the degree-dependent envelope function.

The envelope function of each order converted by the envelope conversion means is finally used for envelope control of the component wave signal of the corresponding order. This envelope control is a digital multiplier, an analog multiplier,
It can be executed by a device that performs multiplication functionally or equivalently.

In the present invention, the component wave signal is not limited to a sine wave signal, and any waveform signal having a frequency or a frequency spectrum corresponding to the order can be used. For example, a rectangular wave (for example, a rectangular wave based on a Walsh function) can be used as a component wave signal.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a sine wave synthesis type tone generator.

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of this embodiment. The n envelope controlled sine wave generators 15-1 to 15 shown in FIG.
-N is connected to a keyboard 1 as a performance input device, a data input device 2 for inputting various data, and a global envelope memory (common envelope memory) 3. Each of the envelope control sine wave generators 15-1 to 15-n is assigned to generate a sine wave having an independent frequency based on harmonic data set by the user via the data input device 2. The global envelope memory 3 has a RAM configuration, and stores data of a global envelope function set by the data input device 2. The global envelope function is converted into data of an envelope function depending on the assigned frequency (order) inside each of the envelope control sine wave generators 15-1 to 15-n. , The internally generated sine wave is envelope controlled.

Therefore, in this embodiment, if only one global envelope function is set, n is set based on that function.
Since independent envelope functions are obtained, the user does not need to set a total of n types of envelopes for each sine wave, and the effort of envelope creation is greatly reduced.

Each of the above envelope controlled sine wave generators 15-1 to 15-n
Envelope controlled sine wave data from the adder 16
And the added signal (tone signal) is D /
The signal is converted to an analog signal by the A
8. Sound is emitted outside through the speaker 19.

The details of the envelope controlled sine wave generator are shown in FIG. A portion surrounded by a dotted line denoted by reference numeral 15 represents one of the envelope controlled sine wave generators 15-1 to 15-n as a representative. In this figure, the key code generator 4
Generates a key code corresponding to a key operated on the keyboard 1. The key code conversion device 5 converts the generated key code according to the value of the overtone data storage device 10. The overtone data storage device 10 can store overtone data (overtone order) from 0 to 31 which can be set by the user using the data input device 2, and the key code conversion device 5 uses the stored overtone data to generate a third harmonic data. The key code is converted in the manner shown in the figure. For example, when the overtone data is 1, the key code is converted to a key code corresponding to the overtone. The phase angle generator 6 comprises a frequency data ROM and an accumulator. The key code from the key code converter 5 is converted into frequency data by the frequency data ROM, and the accumulator accumulates the frequency data. Generates a phase angle corresponding to the key code,
Read the sine wave data in M7. Therefore, the sine wave RO
Output from M7 is a sine wave signal having a frequency corresponding to the harmonic order set in the harmonic data storage device 10. In this example, the key code is converted in accordance with the harmonic data. However, the frequency data may be subjected to a process such as a bit shift to obtain frequency data corresponding to the harmonic, or the phase data output from the phase angle generator 6 may be used. The value of the angle itself may be converted into a value of the phase angle of the corresponding order.
Thus, various circuit modifications are possible.

The fixed amplitude memory 11 is a RAM that stores data for controlling (scaling) the amplitude of the sine wave signal from the sine wave ROM 7 in a time-invariant manner, and can be set by the data input device 2 by the user. The scaling data stored in the fixed amplitude memory 11 is stored in each envelope control sine wave generator.
Independent values can be taken for each of 15-1 to 15-n. Accordingly, by multiplying the sine wave data from the sine wave ROM 7 by the data in the fixed amplitude memory 11 in each multiplier 8, the relative amplitudes of the n sine wave signals can be controlled independently.

The sine wave signal from the multiplier 8 whose amplitude is controlled in this way is multiplied by an envelope signal from an envelope converter 14 described later in detail, so that amplitude control with a further time change is performed, and the envelope sine Wave generator 15
Output.

As described above, the global envelope memory 3 stores n
This is to store global envelope function data common to the envelope control sine wave generators 15-1 to 15-n. Here, the global envelope memory 3
4, the global envelope function is described by four-step rate data and level data as illustrated in FIG. The global envelope function in this format is converted into a waveform data format by the envelope generator 12 (see FIG. 5). That is, the envelope generator 12 comprises an accumulator and a comparator. After first receiving the rate data and the level data of step 1 from the global envelope memory 3, the rate data is repeatedly accumulated, and the result reaches the level data. At this point, the rate data and level data of the next step are received from the global envelope memory 3, and the same operation is repeated to obtain the global envelope waveform data.

Here, the envelope conversion device 14 converts the waveform data of the common global envelope function generated by the envelope generation device 12 into the waveform data of the envelope function for each order by the overtone data (order) from the overtone data storage device 10. For example, if the overtone data of the overtone data storage device 10 in the illustrated envelope control sine wave generator 15 is 1 (representing a 2nd overtone), the envelope conversion device 14 generates the primary envelope waveform data. The multiplier 9 multiplies the sine wave signal having the frequency of the overtone by 2 to control the envelope.

The conversion performed by the envelope conversion device 14 can have an arbitrary characteristic in principle, but as a specific example, an example of a conversion characteristic that produces a resonance effect will be described first.

Assuming that x is the order, that is, the value of the harmonic data from the harmonic data storage device 10, w (t) is the global envelope function, that is, the output of the envelope generating device 12, and R is the resonance depth, the conversion is performed by the envelope generating device 12. The x-th order envelope function F _x (t) satisfies the following condition.

(A) When x <w (t) and f (x−w (t)) + R <1, F _x (t) = 1 (a) x ≧ w (t) or f (x−w (t) ) + R ≧ 1
F _x (t) = f (x−w (t)) + R (where f (x−w (t)) + R <0, F _x (t)
= 0) Further, if x−w (t) is set to u again, f (u)
Satisfies (c) f '(u)> 0 when u <0, (d) f (u) = 1 when u = 0, and (f) (u) <0 when u> 0. Therefore, when u = 0, that is, when the value x of the order is equal to the value W (t) of the global envelope function, f (u) becomes the maximum value and the difference u (absolute value)
Is a function that decreases as becomes larger. Note that, more precisely, the functions f (u) to f (x−w
(T)) means “before expansion”, that is, before expansion to a function G (u) of u, which defines an envelope function F _x (t) of order x, and is as follows. f (u)
Is that when u <0, f ′ (u), which is the derivative of f (u) with respect to u, satisfies f ′ (u)> 0, and f (0) =
1, and f '(u) <0 when u> 0. Therefore, f (u) before expansion can be defined in the range [-ｕ, ∞] of u.
Here, a finite α (α <α <1 that satisfies f (α) = 0 or 1
0) and β satisfying f (β) = 0 or 1
It is assumed that (β> 0) exists. When f (u) is extended to G (u) of a low-pass filter type as a whole (assuming that f (α) = 1 and f (β) = 0), the range of u [−
（, Α], G (u) = 1, and G in the range of u [β, ∞]
(U) = 0, and G (u) = f in the u range [α, β].
(U). That is, f (u) before expansion defines a predetermined range [α, β] of u of G (u) that defines the envelope function F _x (t) of order x. Note that in this document, f (u) is basically used in the sense before expansion, but in any case, the envelope conversion device (envelope conversion means) “uses” f (u) and uses the envelope of order x. Generates a function.

FIG. 6A shows an example of the order envelope definition function G (u) including such an order-dependent change function f (u). The horizontal axis u is obtained by subtracting the value of the global envelope function W (t) from the order x. As shown in the drawing, G (u) is close to u = 0, that is, in the range of the order x close to the value of the global envelope function W (x).
Has been amplified, G (u) = 1 when u << 0,
When u >> 0, G (u) = 0. Therefore, it can be seen that the illustrated conversion characteristic G (u) provides a resonance effect that emphasizes components near the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter.

And this resonance effect is given dynamically. That is, the global envelope function W (t)
Generally changes with time t. Therefore,
If a particular order x ₀ is given, W from the order x ₀
The value obtained by subtracting (t) also changes with time, moves right and left on the u-axis in FIG.
The value of (u), that is, the value F _x0 (t _i ) of the envelope function of order x ₀ at each time point t _i is also converted. Then, according to FIG. 6 (A), the value of F _x0 (t _i ) is the order x at the time t _i
When the value is sufficiently smaller (lower) than the value W (t _i ) of the global envelope function at, it becomes 1 and is not attenuated, and the order x
Is the value W of the global envelope function at the time t _i
When it is sufficiently larger (high) than (t _i ), it becomes 0 and is completely attenuated. When the order x is sufficiently close to the value W (t _i ) of the global envelope function at the time t _i , the width becomes larger than 1. Amplified.

Stated another way, an order envelope function that takes on an amplified value at a certain point in time has an order whose value is close to the value of the global envelope function at that point in time. Therefore, the order of the emphasized component wave changes with time, and a temporally dynamic resonance effect is obtained.

 In other words, it is as follows.

The envelope generally changes its value over time (time variable function).

In this example, the resonance is applied (that is, a partial component (overtone) of a certain frequency component or a frequency band is emphasized). The frequency component or the overtone has the value of the harmonic (order value x) of the global envelope function. This is when the instantaneous level value w (t) at time t (or the target level value for each step when the global envelope function is represented by the rate of each step and the target level).

As the time progresses from time t = 0 to time t on the time-varying common (global) envelope function, harmonic components close to the instantaneous level value at that time are emphasized (resonance is reduced). It turns out that it is.

This is a "dynamic resonance effect" anyway. That is, a temporally dynamic resonance effect is obtained, in which the order component wave emphasized (resonance applied) changes every moment as time elapses and as the instantaneous level value of the global envelope changes.

Now, it is assumed that an order envelope definition function G (u) as shown in FIG. 6A is used, while a global (common) envelope function w (t) as shown in FIG. 6B. thinking x _n next, the x _p next to other than x ₀ order with respect to, x _n <
Let us assume that x ₀ <x _p . Then, for the minimum level value 0 and the maximum level value (peak) w (b) of the global envelope function (FIG. 6 (B)), (minimum level value) 0 <
x _n <a _{x 0 <x p w (b} ) those (maximum level value) the relationship is established.

According to a characteristic of FIG. 6 (A), clearly x _n following the envelope function is highlighted when the level value of the global (common) envelope function is close to the size of x _n, greater than x _n
x _0-order level of the envelope function is highlighted when the level value of the global envelope function is close to the size of x ₀ (x _0> x _n), further high level of x _p The following envelope function than _0-order x is It is highlighted when the further closer to the magnitude of the level raised by the degree x _p of the global envelope function. Therefore, the above-mentioned dynamic resonance effect is generated via the envelope functions of these three orders. Naturally, the shape (characteristics) of the x _{n -th} order envelope function F _xn (t), x ₀ order shape or properties of the envelope function F _xo (t), the shape or characteristics of x _p next envelope function F _xp (t) becomes mutually different. Mathematically speaking, there exists t1 which is F _xn (t1) ≠ F _xo (t1), there exists t2 which is F _xo (t2) ≠ F _xp (t2), and F _xp (t
3) There is a t3 of ≠ F _xn (t3) (where F
_xj (t ₁ ) represents the level value at time t _i of the envelope function of order x _i ). Further, for the minimum value level 0 and the maximum level w (b) of the global envelope function, the magnitudes of any of the orders x _n , x ₀ , and x _p are intermediate values. When the above relationship is established, the level of the envelope function F _xn (t), F _xo (t), or F _xp (t) of any order is the maximum value (the highest resonance value) (1 + R). There will be a time equal to

By the way, all the orders (1 in FIG. 3)
It is not necessary for the envelope function of the order (32 to 32) to have a maximum value of (1 + R).

What if: That is, the magnitude of all the orders x used is the global envelope function w (t)
Is sufficiently higher than the peak w (b) of
This is the case where (u) = 0. Obviously, in this case, the envelope function F _x (t) of all orders is F
_x (t) = 0 becomes constant and the same.

Conversely, the magnitude of all orders x used is 0 (eg, w) for the minimum value of the global envelope function w (t).
(A)) sufficiently lower, that is, G (u) = 1 when u≪0
What about the case? Obviously in this case,
The envelope function F _x (t) for all orders used is
F _x (t) = 1 is constant, and the same characteristics are obtained regardless of the order.

Obviously, such unintended, extreme examples will not serve the intended purpose.

That is, regarding the magnitude of the order x (order data x) and the level of the common (global) envelope function (level value data w (t)), the relationship between the order envelope definition function G (u) used Must be standardized according to a predetermined standard. The meaning is that the difference u = x between the data of the order to be used (order data x) and the data of the level value of the predetermined global (common) envelope function (level value data w (t)). Considering −w (t), the order envelope definition function G (u) to be used has
(A) has a characteristic that varies depending on the value of u within a predetermined range, and (b) generates the envelope function F _x (t) of each order by changing the value of the difference u to G ( When applied to u), it means that at least some of the envelope function groups of a plurality of orders have been normalized so as to have mutually different characteristics (overall shape).

Then, as in this example, when the difference u (= x−w (t)) is regarded as the frequency information, the resonance filter characteristic of u (u is regarded as the cutoff frequency,
Characteristic where the corresponding order component is emphasized when u = 0.)
Is given between the order envelope function groups, the function f
F (u) which satisfies f '(u) <0 when f' (u) which is a derivative of (u) is u> 0 and satisfies f '(u)> 0 when u <0 is used. Accordingly, in a range where the level value w (t) of the global (common) envelope function is close to the order data x (that is, a range of u ≒ 0), the absolute value of the difference u of the corresponding order envelope function is small. Envelope functions of each order can be generated with as much enhanced properties as possible.

Here, the conversion to the envelope function for each order will be specifically described. Now, it is assumed that a global envelope function W (t) as shown in FIG. 6 (B) is given from the global envelope memory 3 via the envelope generator 12. The particular order x ₀ is at the level of the dotted line. In this case, the envelope conversion device 14 of FIG.
According to the conversion characteristic G (u) shown in FIG. _6A, an envelope function F _x0 (t) of the x ₀ order as shown in FIG.
Generate

As an aid in understanding this transformation, FIG. 6A shows the global envelope function W (t) shown in FIG. 6B.
X ₀ order envelope function F for some values of
The value of _x0 (t) is entered. For example, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the value W (t ₁₎ of the global envelope function at time t ₁ and t _2, W (t ₂₎ are both equal to the value of order x _0. Therefore, u = 0, and the value of G (u) at the position of u = 0 in FIG. 6 (A) is determined at the time points t ₁ and t ₂ .
The values of the envelope function of x ₀ order are F _x0 (t ₁ ) and F _x0 (t ₂ ). X _0- order envelope function F _{x0 at} other times
The value of (t) is obtained similarly.

In practice, the envelope converter 14 of FIG. 2 performs the above-described conversion on all data values of the global envelope function W (t) in the form of waveform data provided by the envelope generator 12.

The envelope conversion device 14 can be configured in various forms. For example, a subtractor that calculates the difference between the instantaneous value of the global envelope function W (t) from the envelope generator 12 and the value of the order x from the harmonic data storage device 10, and an address specified by the output data of the subtractor, And a memory for storing the waveform data value of the envelope function after the conversion. Alternatively, the above-described conversion characteristic function G
In the case of (u) or a function in which f (x−W (t)) can be calculated, it can be realized by executing an appropriate algorithm. For example, the difference u = x−W (t) between the next numerical value x and the value of the global envelope function is calculated, f (x−W (t)) is calculated using the difference u, and the resonance value R is calculated. (Calculation of f (x−W (t)) + R), it is determined whether or not the difference u is negative.
(T)) It is determined whether or not + R is smaller than 1. If all the determination conditions are satisfied, (x <W (t) and f (x−W
(T)) + R <1, the constant 1 is used as the envelope function value after conversion, and if any of the determination conditions is not satisfied (x ≧ W (t) or f (x−W (t ))
+ R ≧ 1), f (x−W (t)) + R is determined to be negative. If not negative, the value of f (x−W) + R is used as the envelope function value after conversion. In this case, the constant 0 is set as the envelope function value after the conversion.

The envelope conversion device 14 according to the above description converts a global envelope function in a waveform data format into an envelope function in a waveform data format by order data, and performs the conversion at all points of the waveform data. . That is, the difference u (=) between all the level value data of the global (common) envelope function (the instantaneous level value data w (t) at each time) and the order data x.
xw (t)), and a function G for the difference u
(U) The instantaneous level value at each time of the envelope function of each order is obtained by obtaining the value of FIG. 6 (A) at each time.

On the other hand, the configuration shown in FIG. 7 converts a global envelope function represented by a set of a rate and a level as shown in FIG. 4 into an envelope function for each order having a similar format, instead of the format of the waveform data. Things. In other words, some points on the global envelope function W (t) are transformed according to the transformation characteristic G (u). As these points, here, peak points or breakpoints on the global envelope function W (t) (W (a), W (b), W (c), W (c) in FIG. 8)
(D), points corresponding to W (e)) and the function W
Points where the value of (t) matches the value of the order x (points corresponding to W (t ₁ ) and W (t ₂ ) in FIG. 8) are used. That is, when the global (common) envelope function is represented by the rate and the target level for each step, the target level value data representing the target level of each step is received, and the order data x of each order value and the target level of each step are received. The difference u between the value data and w (t) is obtained,
The order envelope definition function G (u) for this difference u
The target level value of each step of the envelope function of each order is obtained by obtaining the value of each step (for example, the characteristic shown in FIG. 6A).
Specifically, it is as follows.

That envelope converter 14A of FIG. 7 by executing the algorithm shown below, from a set of data rates and levels to define the global envelope function (target level value of each step), x _0-order envelope You can get a set of rate and level data representing the function.

As symbols, l (i) and r (i) represent the level and rate of the i-th step of the global envelope function, respectively, and L (j) and R (j) are stored in the order-specific envelope memory 14B. Suppose that the level and the rate of the j-th step of the envelope function of the order ₀ are respectively represented. Also, l (old) represents the previous level of the point on the global envelope function.
The initial value of l (old) is set to zero, and L (0) is also set to zero. The initial values of i and j are 1.

The level l (i) and the rate r (i) of the current step i are read from the global envelope memory 3.

l (old) <x ₀ <l (i) or l (old)> x ₀ > l
(I) it is determined whether satisfied (that is, not looking at whether there is a value x ₀ of order between the previous value and the present value of the global envelope function). If it is satisfied, proceed to, otherwise proceed to.

(1 + R) is the level L of the envelope function of x ₀ order
(J) (that is, the j-th level of the envelope function of order x ₀ is obtained).

(X ₀ −l (old)) / r (i) is calculated and the result is set to t (for example, the time t ₁ from the point W (a) in FIG. 8 to the next point W (t ₁ ) is calculated as t). Calculation).

(L (j) -L (j -1)) calculates the / t, the result is referred to as rate R (j) (that is, not to determine the j-th rate x _0-order envelope function).

The order value x ₀ is set to 1 (old), and j is advanced by one.

G (x ₀ −l (i)) is obtained, and the result is expressed as level L
(J) to (ie in accordance with the conversion characteristic G giving resonance effect of the low-pass filter type (u), is not to obtain a j-th level of x _0-order envelope function).

Calculates the (l (i) -l (old )) / r (i), the result is referred to as t (e.g., the time from point W of FIG. 8 (t ₁₎ to the next point W (b) This corresponds to the calculation, see above).

(L (j) -L (j -1)) calculates the / t, the result is j-th rate R x _0-order envelope function (j).

The value of l (i) is set to l (old), i and j are advanced by 1, and the process returns when i <5, and ends when i = 5.

By performing the above processing, the order by the envelope memory 14B, x _0-order envelope function (Figure 8 (C)
Set of rates and levels that define
(1), R (1)), (L (2), R (2)) ...)
Will be stored. Note that the above algorithm is
By way of example only, a similar envelope function can be obtained by executing other algorithms.

The envelope generating device 14C has the same configuration as the envelope generating device 12 in FIG. 2, and responds to a key press on the keyboard 1 (see FIG. 1), starting from the first-order envelope memory 14B and starting from the first step. And the level and level data are read out, and the order-specific envelope function of the rate and level expression is converted into waveform data format. Based on the waveform data sequentially generated from the envelope generator 14C, the sine wave data of the corresponding order from the multiplier 8 is amplitude-controlled in the multiplier 9.

The above is a description of the case where the conversion characteristic G (u) executed by the envelope conversion device 14 in FIG. 2 or the envelope conversion device 14A in FIG. 7 is selected to provide a low-pass filter type resonance effect. Met.

Next, a case where the conversion characteristic G (u) is selected so as to provide a simpler low-pass filter effect will be described.

Such a conversion characteristic G (u) is given by, for example, the following condition. That is, assuming that w (t) is a global envelope function and x is an order, the x-th order envelope function F _x (t) satisfies the following condition.

(F) _Fx (t) = 1 when x ≦ w (t) (g) _Fx (t) = f (x−w when x> w (t)
(T)) (However, when f (x−w (t)) <0, F _x (t) =
0) Further, if x−w (t) is set to u again, f (u) is expressed as follows: (h) f (u) = 1 when u = 0, (f) f ′ (u) <when u> 0 0 is satisfied. To be precise, the functions f (u) to f (x−w (t)) described herein define “before expansion”, that is, define the envelope function F _x (t) of order x. , U before being extended to the function G (u), and is as follows. f (u) is f (u) when u> 0
F ′ (u), the derivative of u with respect to u, is f ′ (u) <
0 and f (0) = 1. Therefore, f (u) before expansion can be defined in the range [0, ∞] of u. Here, it is assumed that there is a finite β satisfying f (β) = 0 (β> 0). When f (u) is extended to G (u), G (u) = 1 in the range [−∞, 0], G (u) = 0 in the range [β, ∞] of u, and u Range [0, β]
Then, G (u) = f (u) can be satisfied. That is, f (u) before expansion defines a predetermined range [0, β] of u of G (u) that defines the envelope function F _X (t) of order x. Note that in this document, f (u) is basically used in the meaning before expansion. In any case, the envelope conversion device (envelope conversion means) generates an envelope function of order x by "using" f (u).

In this example, G (u) and F (u) are conversion characteristics of the global envelope / order-specific envelope which provide an effect similar to a low-pass filter. As illustrated in FIG. 9 (A), G (u) becomes 1 when u ≦ 0, that is, when the order x is lower than the value of the global envelope function w (t), and when u> 0, When the order x
Is higher than the value of the global envelope function w (t), it has the characteristic of decreasing according to the difference. The conversion characteristic function G (u) shown in FIG.
It includes a value-dependent change function f (u) (f (x-wt)), which f (u) becomes f ′ (u) <0 when its derivative f ′ (u) is u> 0. I have. And if u ≦ 0, G
When (u) = 1 (pass band) and u ≧ β (β is a positive value satisfying f (β) = 0), G (u) = 0 (blocking band).

It is assumed that such a conversion characteristic G (u) is given to the envelope conversion device 14 shown in FIG. In this case, the envelope conversion device 14 converts each value of the global envelope function in the waveform data format into each value of the x-th envelope function in the waveform data format, for example, by executing the following algorithm. That is, the next numerical value x is compared with the instantaneous value W (t) of the global envelope function. If the next numerical value x is smaller, a constant is used as the converted envelope function value, and if the next numerical value x is larger, this x is used. And f (x−W (t)) is calculated using the instantaneous value w (t), and the sign of the result is discriminated. If the sign is positive, the result is set as the envelope function value after conversion. Let zero be the envelope function value after conversion.

FIG. 9 shows such a conversion example. That is, according to the conversion characteristic G of FIG. 9 (A) (u), x 0 -order envelope function when the global envelope function w (t) is converted for all the points shown in (B)
F _x0 (t) is as shown in FIG.

When a low-pass fill type conversion characteristic G (u) satisfying the above conditions (f) to (g) is given to the envelope conversion device 14A shown in FIG. 7, for example, the following algorithm is executed. it allows level and rate set x _0-order envelope function expressed by is obtained.

The level l (i) and the rate r (i) of the current step i are read from the global envelope memory 3.

F (x ₀ −l (i)) is calculated, and the result is set as the level L (i) of the step i of the envelope function of order x ₀ .

(L (i-1) of l (i)) / r (i) is calculated, and the result is set as the time t of step i.

(L (i) -L (i-1)) / t is calculated, and the result is
x The rate R (i) of the step i of the envelope function of order ₀
And

Step number i is incremented by one, and if i <5, return to i
If = 5, end.

Now, in FIG. 9 (B), the order x _p higher than the order x _o
Consider an order x _n that is lower than the x _o order. The magnitude of order x _p, for example, from the illustrated global (common) envelope function peak of w (t) w (b), let us slightly larger. Further, it is assumed that the magnitude of the order _xn is the same as the break point w (c) of the illustrated global envelope function w (t), for example. Then, first, for the order x _n (x _n <x _o ), the order envelope function F _xn (t) is the level of the global envelope function w (t) whose break point w
In the range higher than (c), u = x _n −w (t) <0 (because x _n = w (c)), so that the order envelope definition function G (u) is shown in FIG. ), G (u) = 1 when u <0, so that the range, that is, the level of the global envelope function w (t) is higher than w (c). F in range
_xn (t) saturates to the maximum value 1 and in the range lower than w (c), the number G (u) between the degree envelope definition of FIG. 9 (A).
Attenuated according to the characteristics of Comparing the envelope function F overall shape of _xn (x) of the degree x _n x _0-order envelope function F _x0 (t) (FIG. 9 (C)) and,
Both have different shapes (characteristics) from each other, and
F _xn (t) ≧ F _x0 (t) (and F _xn (t)> F _x0
(T exists that satisfies (t)), so that the envelope function F _x0 (t) of order x _{0 is of} order x _n (x _n
<X ₀ ), which is “attenuated” from the envelope function F _xn (t). On the other hand, the envelope function F _xp (t) of the order x _p where x _p ≒ w (b) but x _p > w (b) is 1 even at the peak w (b) of the global envelope function w (t)
In the level range of the global envelope function which becomes close but does not saturate to 1 and is lower than the peak w (b), G
(U) Attenuated according to the characteristics of FIG. 9 (A). Here, we compare the envelope function F _x0 of the envelope function F _xp (t) and the degree x ₀ of order x _p (t), both have mutually different shapes (properties), and any For t, F _x0 (t) ≧ F _xp (t) (and for some t, F _x0 (t)> F _xp (t) holds. Overall the area relationship is established for) comprising, x _p next envelope function F _xp (t) which from the order of close x _0-order found the following (x ₀ <envelope function F _x0 (t of x _p)) It can be seen that it is more “attenuated”. That is, x _n <x ₀
For <x _p , these three order envelope functions F _xn
(T), F _x0 (t), and F _xp (t) have different overall shapes (characteristics), and for any t, F _xn (t) ≧ F _x0 (t) ≧ F
_xp (t), which indicates that the envelope function of a higher order has an attenuated overall shape (characteristic).

Now, the magnitude of x _n in the above example, the size of x _p,
Although described with the restrictions associated with particular levels w (b), w (c) of a given global envelope function w (t) (FIG. 9 (B)), these particular levels w
Regardless of the magnitude relation between (b) and w (c), three order envelope functions F _xn (t) and F _x0 as long as x _n <x ₀ <x _p
The characteristics (overall shape) of (t) and F _xp (t) are different from each other,
Further, the envelope function having a higher order has an attenuated overall shape (for any t, F _xn (t) ≧ F _x0 (t) ≧ F
_xp (t) still holds, and Holds).

On the other hand, the magnitude of all the orders x (1st to 32nd orders in FIG. 3) used is determined by the peak level w (b) of the global envelope function w (t) (FIG. 9 (B)). If it is higher enough, that is, the order envelope definition function G
(U) (FIG. 9 (A)), if u = x−w (b) ≫0 and the size is such that G (u) = 0 for all orders x, What will happen? Obviously, in this case, the envelope function of all orders
F _x (t) becomes F _x (t) = 0, which is the same.
Further, the magnitudes of all the orders x used are shown in FIG. 9 (B) by the global envelope function w (t).
Negative magnitude sufficiently lower than the lowest level 0, that is, for all use orders x, u = x−0≪0 and
The order envelope definition function G (u) illustrated in FIG.
What would happen if the size were such that G (u) = 1 above, obviously in this case the envelope function F _x (t) of all orders would be F _x (t) = 1
It will be the same.

Obviously, such unintended, extreme examples will not serve the intended purpose.

That is, regarding the magnitude of the order x (order data x) and the level of the common (global) envelope function (level value data w (t)), the relationship between the order envelope definition function G (u) used Must be standardized according to a predetermined standard. The meaning is that the difference u = x between the data of the order to be used (order data x) and the data of the level value of the predetermined global (common) envelope function (level value data w (t)). Considering −w (t), the order envelope definition function G (u) to be used has
(A) has a characteristic that varies depending on the value of u within a predetermined range, and (b) generates the envelope function F _x (t) of each order by changing the value of the difference u to G ( When applied to u), it means that at least some of the envelope function groups of a plurality of orders have been normalized so as to have mutually different characteristics (overall shape).

Then, as in this example, when the difference u (= x−w (t)) is regarded as the frequency information, the low-pass filter characteristic of u (there is little or no attenuation while u is small, In order to provide a characteristic such that the amount of attenuation increases with an increase in u from the value u) between the order envelope function groups, the derivative f ′ (u) of the function f (u) must be u> 0. F satisfies f '(u) <0
By using (u), in the range where the level value w (t) of the global (common) envelope function is smaller than the order data x (that is, in the range of u> 0), the level value of the corresponding order envelope function is the difference u , An envelope function of each order can be generated.

Next, a case where a characteristic that produces an effect similar to a high-pass filter is selected as the conversion characteristic G (u) will be described.

Now, assuming that x is an order and w (t) is a global envelope function, an x-order envelope function F _x (t) having an effect similar to a high-pass filter satisfies the following condition, for example.

(X) F _x (t) = 1 when x> w (t) (x) F _x (t) = f (x−w when x ≦ w (t)
(T)) (However, when f (x−w (t)) <0, F _x (t) = 0) Further, if x−w (t) is u, f (u) becomes S) f (u) = 1 when u = 0, and (f) (u)> 0 when u <0. To be precise, the functions f (u) to f (x−w (t)) described here define the meaning of “before expansion”, that is, the envelope function F _x (t) of order x. , U before being extended to the function G (u), which is as follows. f (u) is f when u <0
F ′ (u), the derivative of u with respect to u, is f ′
(U)> 0 is satisfied, and f (0) = 1. Therefore, f (u) before expansion can be defined in the range [-∞, 0] of u. Here, a finite α (α <0) that satisfies f (α) = 0
Shall exist. When f (u) is extended to G (u), G (u) = G (u) = G (u) in the range [−∞, α].
G (u) = 1 in the range [0, ∞] of 0 and u, and G (u) = f (u) in the range [α, 0] of u. That is, f (u) before expansion defines a predetermined range [α, 0] of u of G (u) that defines the envelope function F _x (t) of order x. Note that in this document, f (u) is basically used in the meaning before expansion. In any case, the envelope conversion device (envelope conversion means) generates an envelope function of order x by "using" f (u).

Now, the order envelope definition function G (u) of the present example, which includes such an order-dependent change function f (u), represents the characteristic of global envelope / order-based envelope conversion that provides an effect similar to a high-pass filter. This conversion characteristic G (u) is, as exemplified in FIG.
≧ 0, that is, constant (= 1) in the range where the value x of the order is higher than the value w (t) of the global envelope function
In the range of u <0, that is, in the range in which the value x of the order is lower than the value w (t) of the global envelope function, the characteristic has a characteristic of decreasing according to the difference.

It is assumed that such a conversion characteristic G (u) is given to the envelope conversion device 14 shown in FIG. In this case, the envelope conversion device 14 generates an x-th-order envelope function expressed in a waveform data format, for example, by executing the following algorithm. That is, the next numerical value x is compared with the instantaneous value w (t) of the global envelope function. If the next numerical value x is larger, a constant is used as the converted envelope function value, and if the next numerical value x is smaller, Using this x and the instantaneous value w (t), f (x−w
(T)) is calculated, the sign of the result is determined, and if the result is positive, the result is set as the converted envelope function value, and if the result is negative, zero is set as the converted envelope function value.

FIG. 10 shows such a conversion example. That is, FIG. 10 according to the conversion characteristic G of (A) (u), x 0 -order envelope function when the global envelope function w shown in FIG. (B) (t) is converted for all points
F _x0 (t) is as shown in FIG.

When the conversion characteristic G (u) of the high-pass filter type that satisfies the above conditions (S) to (C) is given to the envelope conversion device 14A shown in FIG. 7, the algorithm described for the low-pass filter type described above is used. by performing basically the same algorithm and ~ can be obtained x _0-order envelope function is realized at the rate and level of the set (where the level of each step of the x _0-order envelope function L ( The calculation of F (xl (i)) to determine i) is, of course, different).

In each of the examples described so far, the filter characteristic is obtained by using the difference u between the order numerical value x and the global envelope function value w (t) as a parameter. An exchange which gives a filter effect with several passbands or stopbands can also be realized with easy deformation.

 Next, an example of a very simple conversion characteristic will be described.

This example converts only level data to a global envelope function represented by a set of rate and level. That is, when the level data of each step of the global envelope function is represented by LEVEL, conversion from LEVEL to F (x, LEVEL) is performed. F (x, LEVEL) on the right side represents the level of the corresponding step of the envelope function of the x-th order.

For example, as F (x, LEVEL), Try to choose. In this case, the converted level F (x, LEVEL) changes as follows depending on the value of the order x.

(B) Case of the 0th order (x = 0) In this case, F (x, LEVEL) = 100 regardless of the level of the global envelope function. For example, when the global envelope function is as illustrated in FIG. 11 (A), the zero-order envelope function is as shown in FIG. 11 (B). The 0th-order envelope function by this conversion is for controlling the 0th-order sine wave, that is, the sine wave of the fundamental frequency.

(B) In the case of first order (x = 1) F (1, LEVEL) = LEVEL. That is, each level of the given global envelope function is always equal to each level of the first-order envelope function. That is, the first-order envelope function is the same as the global envelope function (Fig. 11 (c)).
), The waveform data of this first-order envelope function is
This is for performing envelope control on a primary sine wave signal, that is, a sine wave signal having a frequency of a second harmonic of the fundamental tone.

(C) Second order case (x = 2) F (2, LEVEL) = 2LEVEL−100. Double the level at each step of the global envelope function,
Then, the value obtained by subtracting 100 becomes the corresponding level of the second-order envelope function. (See Fig. 11 (d)). This second-order envelope function is applied to a sine wave having a second or third harmonic frequency.

As described above, a higher-order envelope function can be similarly generated. When the conversion function shown in (Equation 1) is used, the envelope function is attenuated as the order increases, and an envelope function with a small amplitude change is obtained.

Of course, the above function Is merely illustrative, and any other function, for example,
A function can be selected such that the higher the order, the larger the amplitude change.

Such level-only conversion can be easily performed by the envelope conversion device 14A shown in FIG.
For example, the following algorithm may be executed.

The rate r (i) of the step i from the global envelope memory 3 is determined by the step i of the x-th order envelope function.
Order-specific envelope memory 14B as the rate R (i) of
Transfer to

The level 1 (i) of step i is read from the global envelope memory 3.

F (x, l (i)) is calculated, and the result is transferred to the order-specific envelope memory 14B as the level L (i) of the step i of the x-th envelope function.

Step number i is incremented by one, and if i <5, i = 5
If 5, it ends.

The envelope converter 14 shown in FIG. 2 can easily perform such level conversion. That is, for each value w (t) from the envelope generator 12, F (x, w
(T)) may be calculated.

In the case of the configuration of FIG. 7, not only the conversion of the level only,
Rate conversion can also be performed.

That is, LEVEL → F (x, LEVEL) RATE → G (x, RATE) G (x, RATE) corresponds to the x-th envelope function obtained by converting the rate value RATE of the global envelope function by the order value x. The value of the rate.

As described above, some examples have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Various modifications, changes, and improvements are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, a plurality (n) of envelope controlled sine wave generators
Although 15-1 to 15-n are used, there is no limitation to the meaning of hardware as long as there is a plurality in terms of functional meaning.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, the musical sound generating device according to the present invention (the invention according to claim 1) provides the order corresponding to each of the plurality of component wave signals from the component wave generating means. In a tone generator of the type that synthesizes a tone signal by giving an envelope using the envelope function of (1), common envelope setting means for providing a common envelope function common to all orders, and a common envelope provided by the common envelope setting means In order to obtain the above-mentioned envelope function for each order from the function, the order data x in which the value of each order is standardized according to a predetermined standard is used as a first input, and the level value data of the common envelope function is standardized according to a predetermined standard. w (t) as the second input, and the difference u = x−w between the order data x and the level value data w (t).
(T) is calculated, and an envelope function Fx (t) of each order is defined by a function G (u) of the difference u. As this function G (u), within a predetermined range of the value of the difference u, A function having a characteristic that changes depending on a value is used, and this function G (u) is used.
By applying the value of the difference u with respect to the common envelope function for each order x, the envelope functions belonging to at least some of the plurality of envelope function groups among the plurality of order envelope function groups are determined by a predetermined value. And envelope conversion means for generating envelope functions of respective orders so as to have mutually different characteristics when a common envelope function is provided.

Therefore, the user does not need to create an envelope for each of the plurality of component waves, and the burden of creating the envelope is greatly reduced. The present invention is unique in that the envelope function of each order is defined by the function of the difference u, and the magnitude of the order as frequency information is determined by the level value (instantaneous level value or target value for each step) of the common envelope function. The level envelope function is made dependent on the difference u which is reduced by the level value) or relativized. This makes it possible to automatically generate an order-specific envelope function group, which is not present in the related art, from the common envelope function, which is very useful in practice. Further, when applied to a low-pass filter (for u) as in claim 2, as the value of the common envelope changes over time, a higher order of the common envelope value than the common envelope value at each time point is obtained. The effect is obtained that the component wave signal is attenuated and output as the order and hence the frequency are higher.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall configuration of a tone generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the envelope-controlled sine wave generator shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a key code conversion logic in the code converter, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a data format in the global envelope memory, FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram used to explain the operation of the envelope generator, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of envelope conversion when the envelope conversion device shown in FIG. 2 has a resonance type conversion characteristic;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a modified example of the envelope conversion configuration, FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing an example of envelope conversion when the envelope conversion device shown in FIG. 7 is provided with a resonance type conversion characteristic, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing an example of envelope conversion when the envelope conversion device shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a low-pass filter type conversion characteristic. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the envelope conversion device shown in FIG. 2 having a high-pass filter type conversion characteristic. FIG. 11 is a waveform chart showing an example of envelope conversion in the case where the envelope conversion device shown in FIG. 7 is provided with a characteristic of converting only the level. 2 ... data input device, 3 ... global envelope memory, 7 ... sine wave ROM, 10 ... harmonic data storage device, 12, 14C ... envelope generator, 14, 14A ... envelope conversion device, 14B ... Envelope memory by order.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-57-74790 (JP, A) JP-A-58-36799 (JP, U) JP-B-59-16279 (JP, B2) JP-B-59-279 35034 (JP, B2)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tone generating apparatus of the type in which a tone signal is synthesized by adding an envelope to each of a plurality of component wave signals from a component wave generating means using an envelope function of a corresponding order. A common envelope setting means for providing a common envelope function common to the first and second, and to obtain the above-mentioned envelope function for each order from the common envelope function provided by the common envelope setting means,
Order data x in which the value of each order is standardized according to a predetermined standard is used as a first input, and level value data w (t) in which the level value of the common envelope function is standardized according to a predetermined standard
As the second input, calculates the difference u = x−w (t) between the order data x and the level value data w (t), and calculates the envelope function F _x (t) of each order as a function G ( u), and a function having a characteristic that varies depending on the value of u within a predetermined range of the value of the difference u is used as the function G (u). By applying the value of the difference u with respect to the common envelope function for each order x, the envelope functions belonging to at least some of the plurality of envelope function groups among the plurality of order envelope function groups are converted to a predetermined common envelope function. An envelope conversion means for generating an envelope function of each order so as to have different characteristics when a function is given. 2. The musical tone generating device according to claim 1, wherein said envelope converting means includes f ′ (u) which is a derivative of the function f (u), when u> 0, f ′. By generating the envelope function using a function f (u) satisfying (u) <0, the envelope function is attenuated according to the difference in a range where the level value data of the common envelope function is smaller than the order data. A musical sound generator characterized in that: 3. The tone generator according to claim 1, wherein said envelope conversion means receives data representing an instantaneous level value at each time of said common envelope function as said level value data, and Is calculated between the order data x of the value of and the data w (t) of the instantaneous level value at each time, and a function G (u) for the difference u is calculated.
Of the envelope function of each order by determining the instantaneous level value at each time of the envelope function of each order. 4. The musical sound generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said envelope converting means includes a step of: setting said common envelope function as said level value data by a step-by-step rate and a target level. Receiving the target level value data representing the target level of the step, the order data x of each order value and the target level value data w of each step
(T), a difference u is obtained, and a value of a function G (u) corresponding to the difference u is obtained for each step, thereby obtaining a target level value of each step of the envelope function of each order. A musical sound generator.