JP2618634B2 - Side fully open truck - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (3-1) Industrial application field The present invention relates to a freight car having a high packing box like a so-called van car, and particularly to an L having a roof and side plates integrated. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a side-opening truck with a roof having a side plate of a type that is openably and closably mounted.

(3-2) Prior Art Of the lorries, so-called vans are used to protect luggage from wind, rain, dust, etc., and to avoid loss or theft of luggage. ) Is a front view, (B) is a rear view, and (C) is a side view), the packing box has a closed structure, but of course there is a large opening for loading and unloading. It is desired.

As shown in the figure (b), the conventional van truck usually has a rear side plate which is double-opened, and loads are loaded from there.
However, depending on the shape, size, and weight of the load, it may be very inconvenient to load and unload from the rear. In such a case, it is necessary to provide a structure that opens and closes both sides of the load box. As such a structure, a sliding door is provided on both side plates, or a hood is used instead of the side plate,
It is used to wind it up or open and close it in an accordion door manner. However,
The sliding door type cannot have a structure that opens the entire side plates on both sides, and the winding type using a hood or the accordion door type is too large due to the problem of strength. There was a disadvantage that it could not be done.

The ones shown in Fig. 10 (a), (b), and (c) eliminate such disadvantages, and all have a structure in which some or all of the side panels are flipped up together with the roof panel. ing. These structures have wide openings on both sides of the packing box, making them extremely convenient for loading and unloading.
Conventionally, various new technologies have been proposed for the raising and lowering operation mechanism. The applicant of the present application has also proposed the following technology.

Advertisement for utility model registration in 1985 No. 002980 `` Assembly type open / close operation mechanism of freight car '' Application for utility model registration in 1980 Advertising No. 050015 "Horse Cargo" 1984 Utility Model Registration Application Publication No. 140916 "Truck Carrying Frame Opening / Closing Mechanism" 1985 Utility Model Registration Application Publication No. 003116 "Lorry Car Carrying" Frame Opening / Closing Operation Mechanism] 1985 Utility Model Registration Application Publication No. 004421 "Mounting Structure of Hydraulic Cylinder in Opening / Closing Operation Mechanism of Lorry Frame of Lorry" The bouncing structure is classified as follows according to the drive system and operating system of the raising / lowering operating mechanism.
Each has the following disadvantages.

Hydraulic drive, bon or lever operation There are many components, so the weight of the parts is large, which significantly reduces the weight on the vehicle. In addition, a high technical level in design and manufacturing is required, and occurrence of troubles such as oil leakage and galling of hydraulic equipment is predicted, and it is difficult to deal with them.

Electric, button operation The winch is driven by a battery power source, and the side plate and roof are opened via a rope. However, reliability is poor, and in the event of trouble, a manual type may be used in some cases.

Spring type, rope operation This method is a method of manually driving with a rope while balancing the weight of a side plate and a roof that moves up and down with the force of a spring. By using a coil spring as the spring, the moment can be almost balanced, but as shown in Fig. 11 (perspective view), the rope (indicated by the arrow) is stretched around the packing box. In addition, the rope may catch on some obstacles, which may cause the roof with side plates to open and close unexpectedly, which is dangerous.

Spring type, lever operation, transmission by rod, etc. This method was developed to solve the above-mentioned disadvantage, and the lever is operated at the bottom of the packing box while balancing the weight of the side plate and the roof with the force of the spring Then, the movement is transmitted by high rigid parts such as levers, rods, etc., and the rotating shaft to which the roof with the side plate is fixed is opened and closed, and the applicant also presents this. (Patent Application No. 128499 of 1986). In this method, there are many advantages such as the operation lever and transmission parts can be installed along the packing box, so that there is no malfunction due to obstacles, etc., and the spring can be installed under the packing box, so that adjustment is easy and so on. This is an excellent method for indoor cargo handling. However, when a strong wind blows outdoors, the wind acts on the roof with side plates, and the force is transmitted to the operation lever by a highly rigid component, making it difficult to operate.
In some cases, the drawback of danger in operation could not be avoided.

(3-3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional opening / closing mechanism of the side-paneled roof of a lorry, secures a large opening of the cargo box, and can be opened and closed by obstacles. An object of the present invention is to provide a side-panel fully open lorry having a side-panel roof opening / closing mechanism that does not cause a malfunction and that can be operated reliably, easily and safely even in cargo handling in a windy place. It is.

(3-4) Means for Solving the Problems and Action Thereof The present invention relates to a conventional open / close mechanism for a roof with a side plate of a lorry as a means for transmitting an operation movement such as a rope or a wire rope. And the use of rigid parts such as levers and rods, each of which has advantages and disadvantages, and a roof with side plates that skillfully combines the advantages of both. The above-mentioned problem is solved by providing a lorry equipped with the opening / closing mechanism described above. That is, (A) a rotating shaft pivotally attached to the upper part of the packing box,
(B) a roof with side plates fixed to the rotating shaft via a mounting bracket, and (C) one end mounted on the upper part of the packing box, and the other short side mounted on the mounting bracket and in a tensioned state. A coil spring to be used; (D) a lever whose front end at the upper end of the packing box is substantially fixed to the pivot shaft; and (E) an opening having one end attached to one end of the lever. A wire rope for closing; (F) a closing wire rope having one end attached to the other end of the lever; (G) a fixed shaft fixed to the front end of the lower part of the packing box; An opening lever pivotally attached to a fixed shaft and to which the other end of the opening wire rope is attached; and (I) an opening lever pivotally attached to the fixed shaft to be closed. The other end of the wire rope is attached and the wire rope (J) a closing lever having an edge engaged with a pin erected on the release lever, and (J) integrally formed from two engagement plates and a handle on the opposite side of the attachment portion of the fixed shaft; And is slidably mounted in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the fixed shaft.
At one end of the two engaging plates, an engaging groove for engaging a pin provided on the release lever is provided, and at the other end, an engaging groove for engaging a pin provided on the closing lever is provided. (K) handle fixing means for fixing the handle to the packing box.

The opening and closing pores of the roof with side plates have the following operational features. That is, (L) the torque applied by the coil spring to the rotating shaft via the mounting bracket is opposite to the torque provided by the roof with side plates to the rotating shaft via the mounting bracket, and the absolute value is substantially equal. (M) When the handle assembly is slid in one direction, the engaging groove engages with the pin of the release lever, and the handle is further moved in a predetermined direction. The movement is transmitted to the opening lever, the opening wire rope, the lever, and the rotating shaft to open the roof with the side plate, and (N) slide the handle assembly in the other direction. When moved, the engagement groove engages with the pin of the closing lever, and if the handle is further rotated in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction, the movement is performed by the closing lever and the closing lever. (O) When the handle assembly is at an intermediate position, the engagement groove is provided between the opening lever and the closing lever. The open / closed state of the roof with side plates is fixed by engaging with both pins and further fixing the handle by means for fixing the handle.

(3-5) Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating an opening mechanism of a roof with a side plate of a side fully-open type lorry according to the present invention, and the right half from the center line in FIG. 2 is viewed from the direction of arrow AA in FIG. The left half is a view of the section BB in FIG. 1 as viewed in the direction of the arrow, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the upper part of FIG. 1 to 3, a cargo box 2 is mounted on a chassis of a lorry 1, and a roof and a side plate of the cargo box 2 are integrally formed to form a roof 3 with a side plate. The lower part of the side plate has a tilt 4.

The roof 3 with side plates is opened and closed by an opening and closing mechanism 5 for the roof with side plates. The opening / closing mechanism of the roof with side plates includes an upper opening / closing mechanism 11, an operation mechanism 51, an opening wire rope 21, a closing wire rope 22, and the like connecting these.

FIG. 4 is a view showing details around a coil spring in an upper opening / closing mechanism of a roof with a side plate, FIG. 5 is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 6 is a view seen from the direction of arrows CC in FIG. . 3 to 6, an upper opening / closing mechanism 11 includes a rotating shaft 12 rotatably supported on an upper portion of the packing box 2, a mounting bracket 13 fixed to the rotating shaft by welding or the like, and one end. Is mounted on the upper part of the packing box 2, the other end is mounted on the mounting bracket 13, and includes a coil spring 14 used in a tension state, a lever 15 mounted on the front end of the rotating shaft 12, and the like. . One rotating shaft 12 of the upper opening / closing mechanism is provided near the center of the packing box 2 for each of the right and left sides.
3 、 Coil spring 14 is one for front and back for each axis
It is desirable to provide a total of four addresses.

The mounting bracket 13 has an L-shape crossing at an obtuse angle, a substantially central portion thereof is mounted on the rotating shaft 12, a coil spring 14 is mounted on one end thereof, and a coil spring 14 is mounted on the other end thereof. A roof 3 with side plates is attached. Accordingly, the rotating shaft 12 receives a torque in one direction (clockwise in FIG. 4) by the tensile force of the coil spring 14, and the opposite direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 4) due to the gravity of the roof with side plates. Of torque. Although the weight of the roof with side plates 3 is constant, the distance between the perpendicular passing through the center of gravity and the axis of the rotary shaft 12 varies depending on the opening degree of the roof with side plates. 3 depends on the degree of opening. Therefore, this torque cannot be canceled by the tensile force of the coil spring 14 and the torque applied to the rotating shaft 12 cannot be reduced to zero for all the openings of the roof 3 with side plates. By appropriately adjusting the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line at the initial stage of mounting, it is possible to make this extremely small.

The adjustment of the initial tensile force is performed by the tensile force adjusting device 31. The tension adjusting device 31 has a threaded shaft 32 mounted at the center of the coil spring 14 and two spring restraints 33, 34 mounted on this shaft, one of which is a spring restraint.
Adjustment nut provided integral with 34 and screwed onto shaft 32
35, lock nut 36. coil spring
14 is initially mounted in a free state, but is adjusted by an adjustment nut 35 so as to apply a predetermined tensile force, and is fixed by a lock nut 36 in that state.

The initial adjustment of the inclination angle is performed by the angle adjustment device 41. The angle adjusting device includes a bracket 42 provided integrally with the packing box for mounting the coil springs 14 at the left and right ends of the upper front part and the rear part of the packing box 2, and three brackets provided on the bracket 42 in the vertical direction. Plates 45 attached to the outside of the bracket 42 through bolts 44 inserted into the long holes 43a, 43b, 43c, 43a, 43c provided on the left and right of the long holes, the long holes 43b and the plate 45 at the central portion. It is made up of the threaded shaft 32 attached to the plate 45 by a nut 46 and a lock nut 47 through the provided hole 44a, and by loosening the bolt 44 and moving the plate 45 up and down,
The initial inclination angle of the coil spring 14 can be adjusted.

By adjusting the initial tensile force and the initial horizontal angle described above, it is possible to minimize the torque acting on the rotating shaft 12 as described above. The results of this adjustment for the various roofs with side plates by the applicant are shown in FIG. In other words, the graph in the figure shows the torque replaced by the operating force of the handle described later, and the force and the opening of the canopy (roof with side plates) are shown on the vertical axis and the horizontal axis. By doing so, in each case, the maximum operating force can be set to about 10 kg as shown in the figure, and therefore, the opening and closing of the roof with side plates can be performed very easily by input.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing details of the operation mechanism 51.
Is a front view, and (b) and (c) are D-D in (a), respectively.
It is the figure which looked at the section and the EE section in the direction of an arrow. In the figure, an operation mechanism 51 is a headed fixed shaft 52 attached to a lower front end of a packing box via a bracket 53, and is rotatably supported by the headed fixed shaft. A hole 55a for attaching an end of the wire rope 21 for opening, an opening lever 55 having two pins 55b and 55c at a substantially central portion, and a rotatable pivotally supported by a fixed shaft 52. A hole 56a for attaching the wire rope 22 for closing, a pin 56b at a substantially central portion, and a closing lever 56 having an end edge 56c that engages with the pin 55c of the opening lever 55 at the other end, and two engaging plates 58. The handle assembly 57 is formed integrally with the handle 59.

It is desirable that the operation mechanism 51 be provided with a pair of left and right sides at the lower front end of the packing box 2 so as to operate the left and right side plate-mounted roofs 3 respectively. Also, the above-described pin 55c and the edge 5
6c is engaged with each other so that the opening lever 55 and the closing lever 56 rotate in only one direction (FIG. 8 (a)).
Has a function of disabling the closing lever 56 with respect to the opening lever 55 (clockwise direction). The handle assembly 57 is rotatably supported around the fixed shaft 52 and is slidably supported in a direction perpendicular to the axis (left and right directions in FIGS. 8A and 8C). Engagement plate
On both sides of 58, a groove 58a that engages with the pin 55b of the release lever,
A groove 58b is provided for engaging with the pin 56b of the closing lever. One end of the handle 59 is fixed to the engagement plate 58, and the other end is a grip portion 59a. A metal fitting 60 is attached near the grip portion, and a through hole 60a is formed. A chain 61 is attached to the handle 59 in the vicinity of the bracket mounting portion.
A dowel pin (not shown) is attached to.

Along the position where the handle 59 of the packing box 2 rotates, the fixing plate
A handle 62 is provided (see FIG. 2), and a through hole 62a is formed at an open position, a closed position, and at some intermediate positions of the handle 59, so that the through hole 60a is aligned with the through hole 62a. Then, the handle 59 is fixed by inserting the knock pin.

Next, a method of operating the roof opening / closing mechanism 5 with the side plate described above will be described. It is now assumed that the roof with side plates is in a closed state, and therefore, the handle 59 is in the lowest horizontal position (see FIG. 2). Remove the knock pin, and pull the handle 59 in FIG. 2 or FIG.
By sliding in the left direction in (c), the groove 58a of the engagement plate
And the pin 55b of the opening lever are engaged, and the engagement between the groove 58b and the pin 56b of the closing lever is released. Next, when the handle 59 is rotated counterclockwise, the release lever 55 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 8A around the fixed shaft 52, and the release wire rope 21 is pulled downward, and 15 and rotating shaft 12
Rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 8A-A, and the roof 3 with side plates is opened.

During this operation, it is assumed that a strong wind blows and a fluctuating force acts on the roof 3 with side plates. This force is lever 15
When acting to fluctuate the clockwise torque of the opening wire rope 21, it appears as a change in resistance to the handle 59 because it acts as a change in the pulling force of the opening wire rope 21. rope
It is not transmitted to 21 and transmitted from the closing wire rope 22 to the closing lever 56, but is not transmitted to the handle 59 because the closing lever is disengaged from the engagement plate, and therefore, is not transmitted by strong wind. Thus, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the handle 59 vibrates violently, making the operation difficult and dangerous.

When the handle 59 reaches the uppermost point and the roof 3 with side plates is fully opened, the handle 59 is slid in the right direction (the upper right direction in FIG. 2) in FIGS. 58a and the pin 55b of the release lever, and the groove 58b and the pin 56b of the closing lever are engaged with each other.
Is fixed to the fixing plate 62, the roof 3 with side plates is fixed at the open position.

The closing of the open sided roof may be performed in the reverse order of the just described. That is, the handle 59 may be slid to the rightmost position in FIGS. 8A and 8C and rotated downward from the upper position. The difficulty of operation due to strong winds and the danger of operation can be avoided as in the case of the opening operation.

During the opening or closing operation, when it is desired to fix the roof with side plates in a half-open state, the counterclockwise rotation of the closing lever 56 with respect to the opening lever 55 is free as described above. Is the release lever pin
It is conceivable that the cores of the fixed shaft 55b, the fixed shaft 52, and the pin 56b of the closing lever are not in a straight line. At this time, even if the handle 59 is slid, the groove 58a of the engaging plate and the pin 55b
And the pin 56b of the closing lever are difficult to engage together. In such a case, if the opening operation or the closing operation is continued as it is, the pin 55c of the opening lever comes into contact with the edge 56c of the closing lever, and at that time, the resistance of the handle 59 is changed. By sliding the groove, the groove 58a of the engaging plate and the pin 55b of the release lever, and the groove 58b and the pin 56b of the closing lever can be engaged together, and the handle 59 is fixed to the fixing plate 62 via the knock pin there. This makes it possible to fix the roof with side plates in a half-open state. It is possible to implement an example in which the following changes are made to the embodiment described above, and even in such a case, the present invention can be effectively implemented.

As the coil spring, a double coil spring may be used instead of the single coil spring as shown in the above example.

When mass-producing the same type of fully open lorry, a spring may be installed at an initial tension and an initial horizontal angle that are previously determined to be optimal by experiments, and the tension adjustment device 31 and the angle adjustment device 41 may be used. May not be required.

Various types of handle fixing devices other than those shown are conceivable.

Although two coil springs are used for one rotation shaft, one or three coil springs may be used.

(3-6) Effects of the Invention In the present invention, the weight of the roof with side plates is balanced by a spring, and the operation of opening and closing is performed using a handle, and the transmission of the operation force is performed with a rigid member such as a lever or a wire rope. Providing an open / close mechanism for a roof with side plates that uses a flexible object, secures a large opening in the cargo box of the truck, prevents erroneous opening / closing due to obstacles, and ensures opening / closing operations even in windy places. And it has a very excellent effect of being safe. Further, by fixing the handle to the packing box by the handle fixing means in a state where the handle is engaged with the opening lever and the closing lever, the roof with the side plate can be fixed in a half-open state.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view illustrating an opening / closing mechanism of a roof with a side plate of a side fully-open type lorry according to the present invention, and a right half from a center line in FIG. 2 is viewed from an arrow AA direction in FIG. , The left half is a view of the section BB in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrow, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the upper part of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the details, FIG. 6 is a view seen from the direction of arrow CC in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a relation between the operating force of the handle and the opening of the roof with side plates. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing details of the operation mechanism, (a) is a front view,
(B) and (c) are the DD cross section of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a conventional van truck when the cross section E is viewed in the direction of the arrow, (a) is a front view, (b) is a rear view, and (c).
Is a side view, Figures 10 (a), (b), and (c) show various types of lorries with a structure in which both the side plate and the roof plate are flipped up. Figure 11 shows the side plate and the roof plate opened. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the drawbacks of a spring-type, rope-operated mechanism among the mechanisms to be performed. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Truck, 2 ... Packing box 3 ... Roof with side plate, 4 ... Tilt 5 ... Opening / closing mechanism of roof with side plate 11 ... Upper opening / closing mechanism 12 ... Rotating shaft, 13 ... Mounting bracket 14 …… Coil spring 15 …… Lever 21 …… Opening wire rope 22 …… Closed wire rope 31 …… Tension force adjusting device 32 …… Threaded shaft 33, 34… Spring holder 35 …… Adjustment nut, 36… … Lock nut 41 …… Angle adjustment device 42 …… Bracket 43a, 43b, 43c …… Elongated hole 44 …… Bolt, 45 …… Plate 46 …… Nut, 47 …… Lock nut 51 …… Operation mechanism, 52 …… Fixed shaft with head 53 Bracket 55 Open lever 55a Hole 55b, 55c Pin 56 Closing lever 56a Hole 56b Pin 56c Edge 57 Handle assembly 58 … Engaging plate 58a, 58b… groove 59… handle, 59a… grip 60 …… metal fitting, 60a …… through hole 61… Chain 62 ...... fixing plate, 62a ...... hole

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] (A) a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on an upper part of a packing box; and (B) a roof with side plates fixed to the rotating shaft via a mounting bracket. (C) a coil spring having one end attached to the upper part of the packing box and the other end attached to the mounting bracket and used in a tensioned state; A lever fixed to the rotating shaft; (E) an opening wire rope having one end attached to one end of the lever; and (F) one end attached to the other end of the lever. (G) a fixed shaft fixed to the front end of the lower part of the packing box; and (H) the other end of the opening wire rope rotatably connected to the fixed shaft. And (I) pivotable on the fixed shaft. A closing lever pivotally attached to the other end of the closing wire rope and having an edge engaged with a pin erected on the opening lever on a side opposite to a mounting portion of the wire rope; (J) integrally formed of two engagement plates and a handle, attached to the fixed shaft so as to be rotatable and slidable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed shaft; One end of the engaging plate has an engaging groove for engaging a pin provided on the release lever, and the other end has an engaging groove for engaging a pin provided on the closing lever. (K) a handle fixing means for fixing the handle to the packing box, and (L) a torque applied by the coil spring to the rotating shaft via the mounting bracket. Is the roof with the side plate and the mounting bracket The spring constant of the coil spring is set so that the torque applied to the rotating shaft is in the opposite direction and the absolute value is substantially equal. (M) When the handle assembly is slid in one direction, If the mating groove engages with the pin of the release lever and further turns the handle in a predetermined direction, the movement is the release lever, the release wire rope, the lever,
(N) When the handle assembly is slid in the other direction, the engaging groove engages with the pin of the closing lever, and the handle is further moved to the rotating shaft. By rotating in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction,
The movement is the closing lever, the closing wire rope,
(O) When the handle assembly is at an intermediate position, the engagement groove engages with both pins of the opening lever and the closing lever. Wherein the open / close state of the roof with side plates is fixed by further fixing the handle by means for fixing the handle. 2. A handle fixing means comprising: a plurality of through holes provided in a member fixed to a packing box along a turning position of the handle; a plurality of through holes provided in the handle; And a knock pin inserted into a through hole provided in the vehicle. 3. An angle adjusting device for adjusting an initial mounting horizontal angle of the coil spring at a portion where the coil spring is mounted on the upper part of the packing box, wherein the coil spring is provided with a tensile force adjusting device for adjusting an initial tensile force. The side-open fully-open lorry according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: