JP2617418B2 - Construction method of underground large space structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a large underground large space structure suitable for building, for example, a branch or a junction of a road, an underground parking lot or the like underground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a large city, various structures are already densely constructed all over the ground, and it is difficult to secure space. For example, when newly constructing an automobile road, a parking lot, a railway, etc. They are going to build them, and these underground structures are getting bigger.

As a method of constructing these underground structures, for example, the caisson method or the shield method has been conventionally adopted according to the situation at that time.

[0004] That is, when a structure having a large space under the ground is made by the former caisson method, a caisson is first constructed on the ground, and the ground is excavated by a human or mechanical force into a work room provided below the caisson. With the excavation, the caisson sinks by its own weight and sinks to a predetermined depth. After that, a cover plate will be constructed on top of the caisson after submersion to complete the underground structure.

[0005] The latter shield method has been widely adopted as a method for constructing large structures such as sewers, subways, and common ditches underground. Then, when constructing a three-lane road tunnel by this shield method, for example,
The shield excavator requires a shield with a large section of about 20 m in diameter.

[0006]

However, in the case of the caisson method described above, compressed air is used in the working chamber during excavation to suppress the ejection of groundwater from the ground. Risk of illness. Also, as the caisson sinks, the caisson is built and added on the ground, so that the ground is occupied during the construction of the caisson and cannot be used for other purposes.

[0007] In the shield method, a shield excavator is used to carry out the method, but there are the following problems. a. The shield excavator is manufactured at a factory, but a shield excavator having a large cross section with a diameter of 20 m requires a production period of about three years. b. The production price is also very high. c. Since the shield excavator manufactured at the factory is large, it is divided into transportable sizes, transported to the site, and reassembled at the starting shaft provided underground, the work is complicated, and There is a problem that assembling also requires a long time. d. In addition, in the case of underground roads, there are parts where the width of the excavated section changes because there are merging and branching of lanes, but the shield excavator and segment so far have changed the section (width) to this change in the excavated section. It is almost impossible to change. e. Furthermore, in the case of a large-section mud shield or mud pressure shield, the required horsepower required for a cutter, a shield jack, and an earth removal facility is large, and an enormous amount of electric power is required. f. In addition, a large amount of muddy water and mud is discharged at one time with the excavation of the shield.

[0008] The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and the object thereof is that there is no danger of occult blight, unlike the caisson method, and the ground can be used for other purposes. Also, there is no adverse effect of manufacturing a shield excavator with a large cross section as in the conventional shield method,
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing an underground large space structure and an underground large space structure capable of easily coping with an underground structure which is a road and whose excavation cross section changes midway.

[0009]

According to the present invention, a vertical tunnel 3 is constructed by excavating a plurality of vertical tunnels 3 from the starting shaft 1 at a certain distance in the ground and reaching the vertical shaft 2, and Thereafter, the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B connecting the vertical tunnels from the inside of the vertical tunnel 3 in a substantially right angle direction are shielded.
The above-mentioned object is achieved by constructing a wall 32 of a required structure by constructing in an adjacent state by a construction method or a propulsion construction method , and then excavating an internal ground G ′ to obtain an underground space.

In the above description, the vertical tunnel is a sea tunnel.
Build by Ludo .

Further, the propulsion device 14 used for constructing the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B has a rectangular cross section, and guide claws 24 and 25 project from one side of the shield tube 18 and the propulsion pipe 15 to be incorporated. And the propulsion pipe 15
A guide 26 engageable with the guide claws 24 and 25 is provided on the other side of the propulsion machine 14 so that the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B are constructed adjacent to each other during the excavation process of the propulsion device 14,
The above objective has been achieved.

A shaft 1 on the starting side and a shaft 2 on the arrival side
And a plurality of vertical tunnels 3 connecting these shafts 1 and 2
And a wall 32 composed of traversing tunnels 4A and 4B which are connected between these vertical tunnels 3 and are constructed adjacent to each other. The underground space 33 obtained by excavation is configured to achieve the above object.

[0013]

According to the function, the length of the starting shaft 1 and the reaching shaft 2 can be easily set according to the type of the underground structure, so that it is possible to cope with the construction of underground structures of various scales, and the cross section changes further. Such a case can be easily dealt with.

As the tunneling method, a shield method or a propulsion method having a relatively small cross section is adopted to reduce the amount of earth removal and improve workability.

Also, guide claws 24, 25 and guides 26 are provided on the shield cylinder 18 of the propulsion device 14 used for the propulsion method and the propulsion pipe 15, so that the two engage when the propulsion device 14 digs. The traversing tunnels 4A and 4B can be easily constructed adjacent to each other without any gap.

The underground space 33 obtained by excavating the inner ground G 'of the structure formed by the shafts 1 and 2, the vertical tunnel 3, and the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B is further modified as necessary. Thus, it can be used for various purposes.

[0017]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a construction showing the basic concept of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the construction.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, first, a starting shaft 1 and a reaching shaft 2 are constructed. Next, the shaft 2 on the arrival side from the shaft 1 on the starting side provided in the ground
The vertical tunnel 3 is constructed by a tunnel construction method at a position such as an intersection of the cross section of the underground structure having a predetermined cross section or an intersection of the main members. Thereafter, the horizontal tunnels 4A, 4 are moved substantially horizontally and vertically to connect the vertical tunnels 3.
B is constructed to construct the wall of the large underground space structure, and the inner ground is excavated to obtain a desired underground space.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line AA in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a shaft. Hereinafter, the method for constructing the large underground space structure of the present invention will be described with reference to these drawings.

In constructing the large underground space structure, first,
As shown in FIG. 5, the ground G is excavated from the ground surface S to a predetermined depth, and the shaft 1 on the starting side is constructed. In addition, the shaft 2 on the arrival side is constructed. A well-known technique such as a continuous wall method may be used as an excavation method for excavating the shafts 1 and 2. The widths and lengths of the shafts 1 and 2 are of course determined according to the required scale of the large underground large space structure.

4 and 5, reference numeral 5 denotes a retaining wall constituting the shafts 1, 2; 6, a partition provided in the retaining wall 5; and 7, a bottom plate of the shaft 1.

After the shafts 1 and 2 have been constructed,
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a plurality of longitudinal tunnels 3 are constructed in substantially the same direction and in a substantially horizontal direction so as to penetrate the space. 4 and 5, reference numeral 8 denotes a wellhead of the vertical tunnel 3. In the example shown in the figure, vertical tunnels 3 each having a rectangular cross section are constructed on both upper and lower sides of each of the shafts 1 and 2, and the total number of the vertical tunnels 3 is four. The cross-sectional shape may be a circular cross-section or another shape. This vertical tunnel 3 uses a general shield construction method in which a shield excavator (not shown) is started from the start side shaft 1 toward the arrival side shaft 2 and the segments 9 are assembled with the excavation. According to this method, the area of use on the ground is small, and the construction on the ground is less likely to be restricted, which is preferable.

In this case, the tunnel cross section may be circular or rectangular. However, since the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B are propelled from the vertical tunnel 3 in the next step, the cross section has a space in which the tunnels can be constructed. is required. The ground G
When excavating, hand digging, mechanical digging, closed type (muddy water type,
Mud pressure type) is selected according to soil conditions and construction conditions. The segment 9 to be incorporated may be made of ductile or reinforced concrete, but is preferably made of steel from the viewpoint of workability and workability.

Next, the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B are constructed adjacent to each other in the directions substantially horizontal and vertical to the vertical tunnel 3, respectively. The traversing tunnels 4A and 4B are constructed by a propulsion method as shown in the lower part of the cross sectional view of FIG.

That is, the propulsion device 14 for constructing the traversing tunnel is pushed out from the inside of one traversing tunnel 3 toward the other traversing tunnel 3 through the propulsion jack 11, the strut 12, the pressing wheel 13 and the like provided on the gantry 10. . Incidentally, reference numeral 16 'in the figure denotes a reaction force receiver. And with the propulsion, the propulsion pipe 1
5 is added from the starting vertical tunnel 3 to construct a tunnel. Generally, an integrated reinforced concrete or steel pipe is used as the propulsion pipe 15, but in the case of the present invention, a steel segment is advantageous in its workability and workability. Since the propulsion pipe 15 is added in the vertical tunnel 3 to perform propulsion work, a method of assembling the copper pipe divided in the form of a segment into a tubular shape in the downhole is preferable because of good workability. In addition, as this propulsion pipe 15,
Weld or bolt in the direction of propulsion if necessary,
In some cases, tunnels may be integrated.

In the figures, reference numeral 16 denotes a ground improvement section on the starting side which is provided as necessary in the excavation of the traversing construction propulsion machine, and 17 denotes a ground improvement section on the arrival side.

The propulsion device 14 and the propulsion method include:
The use of a rectangular section as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is preferred in terms of workability and rigidity of the final structure. That is, FIG. 6 is a front view of the propulsion device 14, FIG. 7 is a side view in which a front portion thereof is cut away, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the propulsion device 14 has a rectangular shield cylinder 18, and a rectangular frame-shaped cutter 19 that rotates in a parallel link manner is provided at the front of the shield cylinder 18. I have. That is, the cutter 19 is eccentrically connected to the rotating body 20, as shown in FIG. Rotating body 20
Is connected to the front end of the shaft 22 that has penetrated the partition 21,
The rear portion of the shaft 22 is connected to a drive motor 23, and by driving the drive motor 23, the cutter 19 is rotated in a parallel link, so that a rectangular cross section can be easily excavated. What is necessary is just to add the rectangular propulsion pipe 15 of a dimension. 6 and 7, reference numeral 27 denotes a water supply pipe, and reference numeral 28 denotes a mud drain pipe for discharging excavated earth and sand together with mud water. In this example, a mud pressure type is taken as an example, but a mud pressure type may be used. . In this case, a screw conveyor or the like is used as the discharging device.

In the above description, as shown in FIG. 6, the propulsion device 14 is substantially L
7 and 8, a similar guide claw 25 is provided on one side of the propulsion tube 15, and is opposite to the propulsion tube 15 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The other side of the side is preferably formed with a concave shape engageable with the guide claw 25 and a shape corresponding to the guide claws 24, 25, that is, an L-shaped guide 26.

In constructing the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each of the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B excavates the propulsion unit 14 between the opposing traversing shield tunnels and adjoins each other. In this case, if the guide pawls 24 and 25 are engaged with the guides 26 and constructed, the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B can be easily aligned to be adjacent to each other without any gap. The horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B form a wall of a required structure having high watertightness or a part thereof.

In constructing the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B, it is possible to employ a shield method instead of the above-mentioned propulsion method. In the case of this shield method, the outer diameter of the segment is smaller than the outer diameter of the shield.
Even if the shields A and 4B are dug adjacently, a gap is created between the respective segment tunnels. Therefore, when this gap occurs, the traversing tunnels 4A, 4B
Is completed, the gap between the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B is improved by ground improvement to prevent water leakage, the sides of the segment tunnels are opened, the soil in the gaps is removed, and Work such as filling concrete with tethers can maintain water tightness and rigidity.

In the case of the above-mentioned propulsion method, adjacent propulsion work can be performed, and there is almost no gap as in the case of the shield method, which is advantageous for the adjacent work. Further, the propulsion pipes 15 can be adjacent to each other via the guide claws 24 and 25 and the guide 26 in a meshed state, and the watertightness and structural reinforcement of the tunnel can be sufficiently achieved. It should be noted that a plurality of the propulsion devices 14 may be used, and the use of a plurality of the propulsion devices 14 improves workability and shortens the time required for constructing the traversing tunnel.

After the construction of the traversing tunnel, the traversing tunnel 4
As shown in FIG.
And the propulsion pipe 1 of the traversing tunnels 4A and 4B
The required structure can be mechanically reinforced and water-tight by utilizing the outer tube or the inside of the tunnel composed of 5. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 30 denotes a formwork provided at a corner inside the required structure after partially excavating the internal ground G '.

FIG. 10 shows a vertical tunnel 3 and a horizontal tunnel 4.
A state is shown in which concrete 31 is poured into A and 4B to form a solid wall 32 of a required structure.

After the wall 32 is constructed, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 described above, the inner ground G 'defined by the wall 32 is moved to the shafts 1 and 2 on the starting side and / or the arrival side. The underground large space structure 34 can be built by excavating and removing the underground space 33 by appropriate means to form the underground space 33 and removing all the internal ground G ′. In addition, it goes without saying that a shoring is installed in order to appropriately hold the wall 32 with the excavation of the internal ground G ′.

By the way, as described above, the internal ground G 'defined by the vertical tunnel 3 and the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B is excavated by a known technique. The vertical tunnel 3 and the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B are reinforced with a steel frame or reinforced concrete 31 in consideration of the external force and the weight of the members. The internal ground G 'is started by appropriately breaking the front walls of the shafts 1 and 2, and the internal soil is excavated sequentially. At this time, if a gap g is formed between the front walls of the shafts 1 and 2 and the transverse tunnels 4A and 4B immediately before the front walls, the gap g is previously frozen or injected with a chemical solution or the like so that the soil water pressure of the ground is reduced. It is needless to say that protective measures have been taken against. In this way, a large underground large space structure 34 having a required section under the ground can be completed.

FIG. 11 shows an example of an underground road constructed by using an underground space 33 inside the large underground space structure 34. For example, if a horizontal partition 35 and a vertical partition 36 are formed inside to divide the internal space and a road surface 38 is formed on the upper surfaces of the horizontal partition 35 and the floor wall 37, the road can be easily formed. Reference numeral 38a denotes a guard road formed at the end. Reference numeral 39 denotes an example of a ventilation passage formed using the vertical partition 36. The horizontal bulkhead 35, the vertical bulkhead 36, and the like may of course be constructed at an intermediate stage even if the internal ground G 'is not entirely excavated.

[0038]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of vertical tunnels 3 are excavated at a predetermined distance from the starting shaft 1 by a shield method in the ground. Shaft 2
And the vertical tunnel 3 is constructed, and then the horizontal tunnels 4A and 4B connecting the vertical tunnels from the inside of the vertical tunnel 3 in a substantially right angle direction are shielded by the shield method or
Built in the adjacent state by the propulsion method , the wall 3 of the required structure
2, and then the inner ground G 'is excavated to obtain an underground space. The underground large space structure 34 can be constructed as required by a relatively simple construction method. Since the method is different from the construction method, there is no possibility that the worker will suffer from occult disease, and even if the cross section changes, it can be easily handled.

Further, as set forth in claim 2, a propulsion method
Guide claws on the shield tube 18 and propulsion pipe 15 of the thruster 14
24, 25 and guide 26 are provided,
4A and 4B are adjacent to each other in an aligned state to create a gap.
It can be constructed without any problems and has good workability and finish .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a construction cross-sectional view of an example of a basic configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a construction plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a construction cross-sectional view of one specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a vertical tunnel from a shaft and a horizontal tunnel from a vertical tunnel are constructed according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a propulsion device suitable for use in carrying out the method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially cut-away side view of a construction method using the above-described propulsion device.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a required structure under construction according to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a required structure of the above, constituting a wall, and excavating the internal ground.

FIG. 11 shows an application example of the large underground space structure of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Start-side shaft 2 Arrival-side shaft 3 Vertical tunnel 4A Horizontal traverse tunnel 4B Vertical traverse tunnel 5 Retaining wall 6 Cut beam material 7 Bottom plate 8 Wellhead 9 Segment 10 Mounting base 11 Propulsion jack 12 Strut 13 Push ring 14 Propulsion machine 15 Propulsion pipe 16 Ground improvement part 17 Ground improvement part 18 Shield cylinder 19 Cutter 20 Rotating body 21 Partition wall 22 Shaft 23 Drive motor 24 Guide claw 25 Guide claw 26 Guide 27 Water supply pipe 28 Drainage pipe 29 Reinforcing bar 30 Formwork 31 Reinforced concrete 32 Wall 33 Underground space 34 Underground large space structure S Ground surface G Ground G 'Internal ground g Gap

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Shield underground from shaft (1) on the starting side
The vertical tunnel (3) is constructed by excavating a plurality of vertical tunnels (3) at a certain distance and reaching the vertical shaft (2) by the construction method, and then a substantially perpendicular direction from the inside of the vertical tunnel (3) connecting between each longitudinal row tunnel transverse tunnel (4A), (4
B) is constructed adjacently by a shield method or a propulsion method to form a wall (32) of a required structure.
A method for constructing an underground large space structure characterized by obtaining an underground space by excavating an inner ground (G '). 2. The traverse tunnels (4A) and (4B)
The excavator (14) used for construction has a rectangular cross section,
Connected to the shield tube (18) and the excavator (14)
Guide claw (24) on one side of the propulsion pipe (15)
(25) and the other end of the propulsion pipe (15)
Can be engaged with the guide claws (24) and (25)
A guide (26) is provided for the propulsion process of the excavator (14).
Each traversing tunnel (4A) and (4B) are adjacent to each other
The large underground large space structure according to claim 1, wherein the underground large space structure is constructed.
How to build the structure.