JP2615599B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air conditioner such as a home air conditioner, a store or office air conditioner, a multi air conditioning system for a building, and a central air conditioning system. The present invention relates to improvement of air conditioning control based on the air conditioner.

(Prior Art) In general, some air conditioners detect a radiation temperature of a wall surface or the like in a room and bring the room temperature closer to a set temperature.

For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-149951, a radiation temperature sensor is attached to a lower portion of an indoor unit main body, the radiation temperature sensor detects a radiation temperature of a remote wall or the like, and the detected radiation temperature is measured. The number of rotations of the compressor is controlled based on the temperature signal.

When the radiation temperature of the wall surface or the like is low, the set temperature is increased. Conversely, when the radiation temperature is high, the set temperature is decreased, and the human temperature is more comfortable than when the air temperature is detected and the air conditioning is controlled. Air conditioning control is performed according to the degree.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-described air conditioner, only one radiation temperature sensor is installed and fixed in a predetermined measurement direction. Was only detected.

In this case, comfortable air conditioning can be performed when the room is surrounded by the same environment wall, but usually, each room has an external window and sunlight enters, There is a problem that the radiation temperature between the wall and the wall greatly differs, so that comfortable air conditioning cannot be performed over the entire room with one detection.

In particular, in recent years, due to the spread of OA equipment, OA equipment is often installed along one wall in each office room, and in this case, the load in the direction of the OA equipment is small during heating, and the load in the direction of the external window is small. Becomes larger.

Therefore, there is a disadvantage that a uniform thermal environment cannot be maintained if the entire room is controlled with a uniform air volume or the like.

In view of the above, the present invention automatically maintains the entire room in a uniform thermal environment by detecting radiant temperatures at a plurality of measurement points and controlling an air flow distribution ratio in accordance with the radiant temperatures. It is intended to do so.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following measures:
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a radiation temperature detector (1)
And a detecting means (11) for detecting the radiation temperature of a plurality of measurement points (31) in the room (B) from a remote position. Further, a control means (21) for controlling the air flow distribution ratio in the direction of each of the measured points (31) based on the radiation temperature detected by the detection means (11) is provided.

Further, the radiation temperature detector (1) has a storage chamber (5c) having an open front surface and an insulating case (5) made of a heat insulating material, and a storage chamber (5c) of the insulating case (5). A radiant heat absorbing plate (3) that is stretched in a state where the back surface is covered with a heat insulating case (5) and absorbs radiant heat; In addition, the radiant temperature detector (1) includes a temperature detecting element (2) for detecting the temperature of the radiant heat absorbing plate (3) and the radiant heat absorber on the front surface of the storage chamber (5c) of the heat insulating case (5). A radiant heat permeable film (8) made of an infrared-transmissive material through which radiant heat penetrates is provided over the plate (3) via an air heat insulating layer (9) having a thickness that does not cause natural convection. In addition, the radiation temperature detector (1) includes a heat collecting means (10) for collecting a predetermined range of radiant heat in the storage chamber (5c) of the heat insulating case (5). Moreover, the radiant heat absorbing plate (3) has a paint layer (4) for absorbing radiant heat on the front surface, and the paint layer (4) is formed of a flesh-colored or cream-colored paint.

(Operation) According to the above configuration, in the present invention, the radiation temperature of a plurality of measurement points (31) such as a wall surface or an external window in the room (B) is detected by two or more radiation temperature detectors (1). Alternatively, it is detected by scanning with one radiation temperature detector (1).

In other words, the radiant heat from floors and walls, etc.
After being introduced into the storage chamber (5c) and passing through the radiant heat permeable film (8), the light enters the radiant heat absorbing plate (3) via the air heat insulating layer (9). Thereafter, the radiant heat is transmitted through the flesh-colored or cream-colored paint layer (4) on the radiant heat absorbing plate (3), and the temperature detecting element (2) detects the radiant temperature by the radiant heat.

Then, the control means (21) controls the actuator or blower of the movable louver based on the detected radiation temperature, and adjusts the air flow distribution ratio in the direction of each of the measured points (31). For example, the air flow in the direction of the outer window is set to 100%,
% Or increase the airflow in the direction of the external window, reduce the airflow in the direction of the wall surface, and adjust the airflow in the direction of the OA equipment to zero.

Thus, even when the load differs in the room (B), the air volume is automatically adjusted according to the load, so that the entire room (B) can always be maintained in a uniform thermal environment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, (A) is an air conditioner arranged in a room (B), and has two radiant temperature detectors (1,
It comprises a detection means (11) having 1) and a control means (21) for controlling the air flow distribution ratio.

The air conditioner (A) is arranged along one wall surface of the room (B), and the detection means (11) is provided on a front wall surface (32) and an external window (33) of the air conditioner (A). Is set at the point to be measured (31), and the radiation temperature between the wall surface (32) and the external window (33) is detected by the two radiation temperature detectors (1, 1).

Therefore, the radiation temperature detector (1) will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The radiation temperature detector (1) detects the radiation temperature in a non-contact manner by a temperature detecting element (2). It is configured.

The temperature detecting element (2) is constituted by a thermocouple or the like for detecting temperature, is embedded in the center of the radiation heat absorbing plate (3), and the temperature detecting element (2) extends from the front surface to the rear surface. It is covered with (3). The temperature detecting element (2) receives heat (radiant heat from a wall or the like) from the radiant heat absorbing plate (3) on the entire surface. The radiant heat absorbing plate (3) has a paint layer (4) laminated on the front surface to absorb radiant heat, and receives the radiant heat absorbed by the paint layer (4) on the front surface to receive the temperature detecting element (2). ).

The paint layer (4) is a paint having a spectral reflectance substantially matching the spectral reflectance of the human skin or clothes, or in other words, the spectral absorption, for example, ethylene tetrafluoride resin (PTFE).
And a pigment such as titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ). Then, the radiant heat transfer coefficient of the paint layer (4) substantially matches the radiant heat transfer coefficient of the human body or the like so that the radiant temperature to the human body can be detected accurately.

That is, the spectral reflectance of the skin or clothing is high in the visible light and near-infrared light regions and close to zero in the infrared light, so that the paint layer (4) corresponds to this spectral reflectance, and It is designed to obtain a spectral radiation characteristic close to that of an actual human body or the like as a cream or cream color. If the paint layer (4)
Is black paint, the reflectance in the visible light and near-infrared light regions is close to zero, and the heat from a high-temperature heat source such as sunlight is absorbed more than the actual human body or the like, which is overestimated. Therefore, a paint layer (4) of a flesh color or the like is applied as described above.

The radiation heat absorbing plate (3) is housed in a heat insulating case (5), and the case (5) is formed with a heat insulating material to a predetermined thickness, and a side wall (5b) is formed around a rear wall (5a). They are connected and formed into a U-shaped cross section, and the inside is formed as a storage chamber (5c). The side wall (5b) has the radiant heat absorbing plate (3)
Are connected and stretched at the side ends, and the absorbing plate (3) is supported in parallel with the rear wall portion (5a) at a predetermined interval, and the absorbing plate (3) and the rear wall portion (5a) are connected to each other. The space is formed by the rear air insulation layer (6).

The case (5) and the rear air insulation layer (6) shield the side and rear of the radiation heat absorbing plate (3) including the temperature detecting element (2) from external heat.

(7) is a radiation heat absorbing plate (3) and a case (5).
Are the lead wires of the temperature sensing element (2) which are led out through the wire.

A radiant heat permeable film (8) is stretched at a predetermined interval in front of the radiant heat absorbing plate (3) so as to cover the front opening of the storage chamber (5c) of the heat insulating case (5). Between the (8) and the paint layer (4) is formed a front air heat insulation layer (9). The radiant heat permeable film (8) is formed in a thin film of an infrared-transmissive resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, reliably transmits radiant heat and supplies the radiant heat to the radiant heat absorbing plate (3). 3) and the outside air are shut off so that heat due to convection such as wind is not transmitted to the absorbing plate (3).

When the radiant heat permeable film (8) is formed of, for example, polyethylene having a thickness of 30 μm, its spectral transmittance has a wave number of 40.
Almost 90% of infrared rays from 00 cm ^-1 to 500 cm ^-1 are transmitted, and radiant heat as heat rays (infrared rays) is surely transmitted and transmitted to the radiant heat absorbing plate (3). Further, the radiant heat transmitting film (8) may be formed by a cut-on filter that transmits only infrared rays having a wavelength of 6 to 7 μm or more, and only radiant heat may be transmitted to the radiant heat absorbing plate (3).

On the other hand, the front air insulation layer (9) insulates the front surface and the outside of the radiation heat absorbing plate (3) with an air layer,
The thickness is set so that natural convection does not occur.
That is, in a state where two flat plates are installed in parallel, the distance between the flat plates at which natural convection occurs due to the temperature difference has been experimentally determined. When the distance between the flat plates becomes larger than a predetermined value, natural convection occurs. Occurs, and heat transfer by this convection increases. Therefore, the front air heat insulating layer (9) in the present embodiment increases the heat insulating effect when the thickness is increased, but when the thickness exceeds a predetermined value, natural convection occurs in the heat insulating layer (9) and convection other than radiant heat occurs. 5m due to heat transfer
m to 10 mm, so that most of the heat transmitted to the absorbing plate (3) is radiant heat transmitted through the permeable membrane (8).

Further, a reflecting tube (10a) of the heat collecting means (10) is continuously provided on the front surface of the radiant heat permeable film (8).
0a) is configured to collect only radiant heat within a predetermined range, for example, radiant heat emitted from the wall surface (32). The reflecting tube (10a) is formed in a horn shape whose rear end substantially coincides with the inner peripheral edge of the side wall (5b) in the heat insulating case (5), and extends outward from the rear end toward the outside. Only the radiant heat enters the reflecting tube (10a) and directly passes through the radiant heat transmitting film (8), and is reflected on the inner surface of the reflecting tube (10a) and passes through the transmitting film (8). And the reflection tube (10a) is made of aluminum plate, aluminum plating, nickel plating,
It is formed by gold plating or the like.

The detecting means (11) includes two radiation temperature detectors (1) provided in common with a heat insulating case (5), and the front surface of the heat insulating case (5) is inclined from the center to the side. I have. The two radiation temperature detectors (1) are arranged to face different sides, respectively, and the area between the front wall (32) and the external window (33) is a detection area (M1, M2). 32) and the external window (33) detect the radiation temperature from a position away from it.

On the other hand, the control means (21) is configured to measure the measured point (31) based on the radiation temperature detected by the two radiation temperature detectors (1).
Control the air flow distribution ratio between the direction of the wall (32) and the direction of the external window (33). For example, the actuator of the movable louver is controlled, and the air flow distribution ratio is controlled by changing the wind direction. Have been.

Next, the air conditioning operation of the air conditioner (A) will be described.

First, radiant heat from the wall surface (32) and the external window (33) is transmitted to the two radiant temperature detectors (1) as heat rays to the radiant heat permeable film (8). At that time, reflection tube (10a)
Is provided, the wall (3) in front of the reflection tube (10a) is
2) and only the radiant heat from the external window (33) is a reflective tube (10a)
Will be introduced within. The radiant heat introduced into the reflecting tube (10a) is directly transmitted to the radiant heat transmitting film (8), and is reflected on the inner surface of the reflecting tube (10a) and transmitted to the transmitting film (8).

Thereafter, since the radiant heat permeable film (8) is formed of a polyethylene or silicon substrate or the like, the radiant heat is reliably transmitted and transmitted to the paint layer (4) via the air heat insulating layer (9). After the radiant heat is absorbed in the paint layer (4) in substantially the same manner as the human skin or clothes, the radiant heat is transmitted to the radiant heat absorbing plate (3).

Then, the temperature detecting element (2) detects the radiation temperature by the radiant heat transmitted from the radiant heat absorbing plate (3),
The control means (21) controls an actuator such as a movable louver by the detection signal of the radiation temperature. For example, when the radiation temperature of the external window (33) decreases during heating, the direction of the heating air is changed to the external window (33) direction as indicated by the arrow X in FIG. The air volume is controlled to 100%, and the air volume in the direction of the wall surface (32) is controlled to 0%.

As a result, the air volume is automatically controlled according to the load, so that the entire room (B) can always be kept in a uniform thermal environment.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the heat collecting means (10), in which a radiant heat permeable film (8) is formed on a convex lens and the convex lens surface (10) is formed.
b). The radiant heat permeable film (8) is made of resin such as polyethylene, Ge, KRS-5, KRS-.
6, It is formed of an infrared transmitting crystal material such as Si.

Therefore, the radiant heat is refracted by the convex lens surface (10b) and transmitted to the temperature detecting element (2), so that only the radiant heat within a predetermined range is detected.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the detecting means (11). Instead of fixing the two radiation temperature detectors (1,1) in the previous embodiment, one radiation temperature detector is used. In (1), a plurality of locations to be measured (31) are scanned. FIG. 5 is a swing type, and FIG. 6 is a rotary type. That is, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, a support member (12) is provided projecting from the back of the heat insulating case (5), and a fixed shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the support member (12) to detect the radiation temperature. The container (1) is supported rotatably.

The rear end of the support member (12) is connected to a rotation shaft (16a) of a stepping motor (16) as a driving means via a link (14) and an arm (15).

Therefore, when the stepping motor (16) is driven, the arm (15) rotates and the link (14) reciprocates left and right,
The radiation temperature detector (1) rotates left and right (arrow Y1 in FIG. 5).
reference). For example, in the air conditioner (A) shown in FIG. 1, in addition to the side wall surface (32) and the external window (33), the front wall surface (34) is also set as the measurement point (31), Three
2, 34) and the external window (33) are scanned to detect each radiant temperature, and the control means (21) controls the actuator such as the movable louver to change the air volume in each direction by using the detection signal. Become.

On the other hand, the one shown in FIG. 6 has the radiation temperature detector (1) directly connected to the rotating shaft (16a) of the stepping motor (16) via the support plate (17) on the back of the heat insulating case (5). It is configured. The radiation temperature detector (1) is set slightly upward, rotates by driving the stepping motor (16) (see arrow Y2 in FIG. 6), and scans the surrounding four directions to detect the radiation temperature. Become.

FIG. 7 shows another example of the air volume distribution by the control means (21), in which the air conditioner (A) is disposed substantially in the center of the room (B), and the OA equipment (35) is provided along one wall surface. is set up. The air device (A) is provided with a rotary detecting means (11) shown in FIG. 6, and is configured to discharge conditioned air in four directions.

Therefore, the detecting means (11) is provided with the wall surface (32, 34) in the remaining two directions in addition to the direction of the external window (33) and the direction of the OA equipment (35).
Are sequentially scanned to detect the radiation temperature in each direction. The control means (21) controls the blower and the like based on the detection signal, and controls the air flow distribution ratio in four directions.

For example, at the time of heating, when the radiant temperature of the external window (33) is the lowest, and subsequently increases in the order of both wall surfaces (32, 34) and the OA equipment (35), the airflow in the direction of the external window (33) The air volume in the direction of both walls (32, 33) is slightly reduced (Z2), and the air volume in the direction of the OA equipment (35) is reduced to zero.

As a result, the air flow according to the load is distributed, and a uniform thermal environment can be maintained throughout the room (B) as in the previous embodiment, and at the same time, the area around the OA equipment (35) An environment suitable for the OA equipment (35) can be maintained.

In the above embodiment, the radiation temperature detector (1) is
Although the detection means (11) provided has been described, three or more detection means (11) may be provided corresponding to the number of the measurement points (31).

The driving means is not limited to the stepping motor (16).

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the air conditioner of the present invention, the radiant temperatures of a plurality of measured points in a room are detected, and the air temperature distribution ratio in the direction of each measured point is controlled by the radiant temperatures. In this case, since the air-conditioning control is divided and performed in accordance with the load of each measured location, the entire room can always be maintained in a uniform thermal environment. In particular, in an office where an OA device is installed, only an area around the OA device can be maintained in an environment suitable for the OA device.

In the radiation temperature detector (1), the temperature detection element detects the temperature of the radiation heat absorption plate, and the front of the radiation heat absorption plate is covered with a radiation heat transmission film via an air insulating layer. Since the radiant heat absorbing plate receives radiant heat on its front surface and the temperature detecting element detects the radiant temperature, the heat receiving area of the radiant heat is increased, the amount of received heat is large, and the accurate radiant temperature is detected. Control can be performed accurately.

Further, since the radiant heat transmitting film is formed of an infrared transmitting material, the radiant heat is surely transmitted and transmitted to the absorbing plate. Furthermore, since the air heat insulating layer is formed to a predetermined thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm or the like, natural convection does not occur, heat transfer due to convection can be reduced, and accuracy of radiation temperature can be improved, The air conditioning control accuracy can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view of a room showing an air-conditioning state of an air conditioner, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a radiation temperature detector, and FIG. is there. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a detecting means showing another heat collecting means. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the detecting means. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the swing type detecting means, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the rotary type detecting means. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a room showing another air conditioning state of the air conditioner. (A) ... air conditioner, (B) ... indoor, (1) ...
Radiation temperature detector, (2) temperature detector, (3)
Radiation heat absorbing plate, (4) paint layer, (5) heat insulation case, (5c) storage room, (8) radiation heat permeable film,
(9) ... forward air insulation layer, (10) ... heat collecting means, (10
a) Reflective tube, (10b) Convex lens surface, (11) Detection means, (16) Stepping motor, (21) Control means, (31) Measurement site.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] An indoor room (B) having a radiation temperature detector (1).
Detecting means for detecting the radiation temperature of the plurality of measured points at a distance from each other, and distributing the air flow in the direction of each of the measured points from the radiation temperature detected by the detecting means. Control means for controlling the ratio (21)
The radiation temperature detector (1) has a storage room (5c) having an open front surface and a heat insulation case (5) made of a heat insulating material; and a storage room (5c) of the heat insulation case (5). ), A radiant heat absorbing plate (3) that is stretched with its back surface covered with a heat insulating case (5) to absorb radiant heat, and a temperature detecting element (2) that detects the temperature of the radiant heat absorbing plate (3). The radiant heat is transmitted through an air insulating layer (9) having a thickness that does not cause natural convection to the radiant heat absorbing plate (3) on the front surface of the storage room (5c) of the heat insulating case (5). A radiant heat permeable film (8) made of an infrared permeable material, and a storage chamber (5)
c) for collecting heat, and the radiation heat absorbing plate (3) further has a paint layer (4) for absorbing radiant heat on its front face, wherein the paint layer (4) is a flesh color or cream. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is formed of a color paint. 2. The heat collecting means (10) comprises a horn-shaped reflecting tube (10a) protruding from the front surface of the radiant heat permeable film (8) and extending outward toward the front of the permeable film (8). The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The heat collecting means (10) according to claim 1, wherein the radiant heat permeable film (8) is formed on a convex lens and is constituted by the convex lens surface (10b). Air conditioner. 4. A detecting means (11) comprising a plurality of radiant temperature detectors (1) arranged in different directions to detect radiant temperatures at a plurality of points to be measured (31). The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is characterized in that: 5. A detecting means (11) comprising a driving means (16) connected to one radiation temperature detector (1), and scanning a plurality of measured points (31) to detect a radiation temperature. The air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: