JP2610190B2 - Underwater rubble mound mass-rolling type finishing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an improvement in a weight-compression type finishing method of an underwater rubble mound, which is a basic embankment body of an offshore structure such as a breakwater.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in order to finish the crown of an underwater rubble mound by pressing it with a weight, to the height of the design plan, the height of the entire mound of the mound must temporarily exceed the design plan height. After that, the excess is pressed by a weight.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Generally, the porosity of an underwater rubble mound prior to compaction is about 40%, depending on the particle size of the rubble, and it is about 10 to 15% compacted by pressing with a weight. . Thereafter, even if the pressing operation is repeated, only the pressed peripheral portion is raised, and the desired finished surface cannot be obtained. That is, since there is a limit to the pressing by the weight, it is necessary that the amount of the extra rubble exceeding the design plan height is an appropriate amount without excess or deficiency determined in relation to the above-mentioned density.

However, in practice, the rubble dumping may be performed more than 1m depending on the location due to the effect of avoiding shortage, avoiding shortage, and tending to look at the safer side, and waves, etc. If it is necessary to repeatedly press the ridges and the desired finished surface cannot be obtained, the excess part of the rubble can be removed using a claw grab or the like suspended on a gut crane. This has to be removed, which increases the number of finishing steps for the mound, lengthens the construction period, and increases construction costs.

 An object of the present invention is to overcome such disadvantages.

[Means for solving the problem]

The configuration of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments described below.

a is a mound main part formed by throwing in rubble at a height lower than the design plan height L of the underwater rubble mound A to be constructed. A required arrangement such that the weight plate 4 of the weight B, which will be described later, does not straddle a plurality of peaks b 'is formed between the peaks b' higher than the planned height L and the valleys b "lower than the designed height L. The mound top end b is formed.

B is a weight suspended by a crane d ', and the weight B is used to move the mound top end b from the center of the width, more precisely, from the center line x to the outer edges x', x ". , A pressing step is performed in which the pressing area s by the weight B is overlapped and pressed to the design plan height L.

Or, by the weight B, the mound top end b
Is slightly higher than the design plan height L while overlapping the pressing area s by the weight B from the center of the width toward the outer edge x ′, x ″ from the center line x more precisely. And then presses the mound top end b after the main consolidation by the weight B to the point where the design plan height L is reached in the same manner as described above. Perform the process.

In the above description, when the weight B is formed by connecting and raising a plurality of steel pipes 6 to the weight built-in head 5 having the weight plate 4 as the bottom plate, it is particularly effective for the consolidation pressure at a large water depth.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned consolidation pressures, the pressing by the weight B is
One outer edge x 'from the center of the width of the mound top end b
, While the pressing area s of the weight B is overlapped by about half each other, and then the other outer edge x ″ from the central portion.
May be performed by repeating stepwise in the longitudinal direction of the mound while the pressing area s of the weight B is overlapped by about half each other, and in this case, the stepwise pressing is performed in the preceding stage. It may be performed while overlapping with the pressing area s.

(Operation)

The rubble that forms the peak is compacted by the pressure of the weight and part of it fills the valley, and the filled valley is also compacted by the pressure of the weight, and the mound top end is compared as a whole. It is easily and accurately pressed to the design plan height.

In particular, since the pressing by the weight is performed while overlapping the pressing area from the center of the width of the mound top end toward the outer edge, the rubble is moved in the outer edge direction, that is, the opening direction, and the pressed area is pressed. Does not bulge abnormally.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which an underwater rubble mound A is constructed on an existing breakwater O as an extension work thereof.

The underwater rubble mound A includes a mound main part a and a mound top end b.

The mound main part a is provided with a flagpole 1 supported at a predetermined position on the extension of the existing breakwater O as a mark, and a gutter ship c is provided within the range by a known method, that is, while measuring and confirming the water depth.
The sediment is formed by roughly feeding the intermediate stone 2 from above.

The intermediate stone 2 is 30 to 300 kg each, and the height of the mound main part a is the design plan height L of the underwater rubble mound A.
It is formed about 30 cm lower on average.

The mound top end b is formed by putting the finishing stone 3 on the mound main part a formed as described above and pressing it with the weight B described later.

The finishing stone 3 is charged by a known method, that is, from the gut ship c while measuring and confirming the water depth of each part of the upper surface of the mound main part a. It is not simply performed so as to have a uniform height exceeding the planned height L.

That is, in the present invention, the finishing stones 3 are charged such that the peaks b ′ higher than the design plan height L and the valleys b ″ lower than the plan height L are alternately arranged. This is one of the important points of the present invention.

The degree of height of the crests b ′ and valleys b ″ with respect to the design plan height L varies depending on the particle size of the finishing stone 3 to be used. When the particle size is, for example, 20 to 30 cm, the crest b 'Is higher than the design height L by 30 to 40 cm, and the valley b "is lower by 20 to 30 cm than the design height L.

Moreover, the peaks b 'are arranged at a required interval such that the weight plate 4 of the weight B does not simultaneously straddle the vertices of two or more peaks b'.

Since the arrangement of the peaks b 'and the valleys b "has a significant effect on the finishing efficiency and accuracy of the top end, the finishing stone 3 is charged with a substantially uniform particle size. It is to perform accurate water depth measurement by a diver or the like on a calm day of the wave and obtain instructions from the diver on a calm day using about 10 to 30 kg.

The weight B is a weight plate 4 of 2.5 to 3 m on a side made of a square extra heavy steel plate.
A plurality of steel pipes 6 each having a required height corresponding to the water depth in the working water area are connected and erected on a weight built-in head 5 having a bottom plate, and suspended on a crane d 'of a crane ship d. It is used to press piled rubble by repeated lifting and falling operations.

That is, as the work of compacting the mound top end b by the weight B, the crane ship d is moored at a required position within the compaction range indicated by the flagpole 1, and basically, the weight B is moved to the above-mentioned pile. The top b of the portion b 'is dropped a required number of times, thereby pressing the crest b', thereby pushing the finishing stone 3 of the crest b 'into the surrounding valley b ", The entire end b is set to the design plan height L.

In the above description, while observing the inclination of the upper part of the steel plate 6 projecting above the water when the weight B lands on the crest b ', the weight plate 4
Is operated so that the central portion of just meets the vertex of the mountain b ′.

The staff b, which is attached to the upper end of the steel pipe 6 and indicates a depth scale starting from the bottom surface of the weight plate 4, and a surveying instrument e installed at a fixed point such as an existing breakwater O or the like, serves as the peak b '.
By measuring the height of the crest b ′ and calculating the post-requisite sinking value of the crest b ′ based on the measured value, and appropriately adjusting and setting the next falling distance of the weight B, that is, the lifting height, Do not lower the mountain part b 'too much at once.

However, the pressing operation by the weight B is performed at a certain peak b ′.
Is pressed, and the same applies to the next crest b 'over the trough b ".

That is, in the present invention, the pressing area by the weight B including the valley b ″ around the ridge b ′ is overlapped and continuously formed, and the width w of the mound top end b is reduced. In the center portion, more precisely, the compaction pressure is continuously performed from the center line x side running in the longitudinal direction of the mound top end b toward both left and right outer sides. The whole is set to the design plan height L.

Alternatively, when the crest b 'is pressed to a state slightly higher than the design plan height L on average, the surrounding trough b "
The center of the width w of the mount top end b, and more precisely, the center running in the longitudinal direction of the mound top end b. First, the main pressing is performed continuously from the line x toward the left and right outer sides, and then the adjusting pressing is performed in the same manner, and finally, the final pressing range of the mound top end b is obtained. Is set to the design plan height L.

This is one of the important points of the present invention.

This will be further expanded with reference to the drawings. The crane ship d is moored at a predetermined position where the crane d 'coincides with the center line x of the mound top end b, and the crimping operation is performed.

This consolidation work is performed while the crane d 'is turned alternately from the center line x toward the left outer edge x' and the right outer edge x ".

That is, the suspended weight B first presses the center of the width of the mound top end b, that is, the crest b ′ located on or near the center line x, and thereafter, for example, the left outer edge while approximately half increments overlapping rectangular press area s by the bottom surface of the weight plate 4 toward the x ', left first stage 7 ₁
Then, from the first pressed position to the right outer edge x ″, the rectangular pressed region s of the weight plate 4 is also overlapped by about half, and Perform the pressing operation of ₁ .

Similarly, the pressing operation of the left and right second stages 7 ₂ , 8 ₂ and the third stage 7 ₃ , 8 ₃ ... Is performed. Partial overlap.

By this consolidation operation, the final consolidation range of the mound top end b is finally adjusted to the desired design plan height L as a whole.

When it is necessary to finish the mound more accurately, the crane ship d is moored at a predetermined position where the crane d 'coincides with the center line x of the mound top end b, and firstly, the final press work is performed.

This consolidation operation is performed while the crane d 'is turned alternately from the center line x toward the left outer edge x' and the right outer edge x ".

That is, the suspended weight B first presses the center of the width of the mound top end b, that is, the crest b 'located on or near the center line x, and thereafter, for example, the left outer edge while approximately half increments overlapping rectangular press area s by the bottom surface of the weight plate 4 toward the x ', left first stage 7 ₁
Then, from the first pressed position to the right outer edge x ″, the rectangular pressed region s of the weight plate 4 is also overlapped by about half, and Perform the pressing operation of ₁ .

Similarly, the pressing operation of the left and right second stages 7 ₂ , 8 ₂ and the third stage 7 ₃ , 8 ₃ ... Is performed. Partial overlap.

Due to this main compaction work, the entire compaction range of the mound top end b is, for example, 10 cm on average from the design plan height L as a whole.
In this way, it is pressed to a slightly higher state.

In the adjustment compaction work, the slightly higher state is set to the design plan height L.
In the same manner as in the main consolidation work, the weight B is applied to the left outer edge x 'from the center of the width of the mound top end b. while approximately half increments overlapping press area s of the weight plate 4 toward performs pressing work of the left first stage _71, then, this time from the position of pressing first the towards the right outer edge x " also while approximately half increments overlapping press area s of Tsumuban 4 performs pressing work of the right first stage _81, the right and left side second-stage 7 in the same manner _2, 8 _2, the third stage 7 _3, 8 The pressing operation of ₃ is performed, whereby the final rolling to the desired design plan height L is performed.

In this case, the second and subsequent stages may be partially overlapped with the pressing region s in the preceding stage as necessary, as in the case of the main compaction work.

The slope including the left and right outer edges x ′, x ″ itself is:
Since the pressing process cannot be performed by the weight, it is appropriately processed by a known method such as covering with a scouring prevention block or the like.

〔The invention's effect〕

As apparent from the above description, the present invention has the following effects.

In the present invention, a peak portion higher than the design plan height and a valley portion lower than the design plan height are formed on the main portion of the rubble mound, and a required arrangement is made such that the weight plate of the weight does not straddle a plurality of peaks. Each peak was pressed to roll to the design plan height. By making a peak higher than the design plan height and a valley lower than the design plan height, the rubble of the peak moves to the valley around it by the pressing of the weight, and the valley becomes lower, while the valley becomes Raised by the movement of rubble from the mountains,
As a result, the surface of the rubble can be inevitably located at the design plan height located at the height between the peak and the valley, so that the rubble mound can be efficiently and accurately finished. . In addition, since the weight plate of the weight is arranged so as not to straddle a plurality of ridges, when pressed in that state, one ridge can be pressed by the entire weight, and consolidation can be performed efficiently. By pressing one hill, the rubble of the hill can easily flow into the valley around the hill without any resistance, and the whole can be quickly flattened. Have.

In addition, since the compaction according to the present invention is performed from the center of the width to the outer edge, the rubble is moved toward the outer edge, that is, in the opening direction, so that the pressed area may be abnormally expanded. In addition to the absence, there is no outside edge, and the excess rubble moves to the outside of the width without any resistance, so that the compacting operation can be performed easily and efficiently.

In addition, every time pressing is performed in order to press toward the outer edge that is open from the width center part side, the excess rubble of the pressed part moves smoothly outward sequentially, minimizing the number of times of pressing. It also has the effect that it can be stopped.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings are for illustrating the embodiments of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which rubble is charged, FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views of a rubble mound formed by rubble, FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining the state of compaction, FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view of the same, FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of a main part thereof, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the finished rubble mound. A: Underwater rubble mound, a: Mound main part, b:
Mound top end, L: Design plan height, b ': Mountain,
b "... valley, B ... weight, 4 ... weight plate, 5 ... head with built-in weight, 6 ... steel pipe, x ... center line, x ', x" ...
... Outside margin, s ... Pressed area.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rubble mound main part is formed by inputting rubble at a height lower than the design plan height of an underwater rubble mound to be constructed, and a mountain part higher than the design plan height is formed on the rubble mound main part. An underwater rubble mound weight that creates a valley lower than the height and places it in a required arrangement so that the weight plate of the weight does not straddle multiple hills and presses each hill to compact it to the design plan height Rolling type finishing method.