JP2607227B2 - Auxiliary cutter device for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cutter machine in which a cutter bit is moved radially outward from a peripheral edge of a cutter disk (also referred to as a cutter head) via a cylinder device. The present invention relates to an auxiliary cutter device, such as a copy cutter or an over cutter, which is provided so as to be able to appear and disappear toward the user.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The above-mentioned shield excavator is provided with a cylinder called a shield (shield) for preventing the collapse of the earth wall, a shield jack for advancing, and a cutter (ground mountain) disposed at the front end of the shield. It is mainly composed of a cutter disk (drilling tool), and generally excavates a tunnel having a circular cross section along the outer shape of the shield.

In a shield machine capable of excavating a curved tunnel, a copy cutter is provided at an appropriate position on an outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk so as to be able to protrude and retract. When the cutter is rotated to the extra excavation position, the cutter bit is gradually protruded from the outer peripheral portion thereof and then gradually retracted, whereby the tunnel on the side where the shield excavator is bent is excavated.

In addition, tunnel excavation is started from opposite directions by two shield excavators, and when the tunnels on both sides are docked at the center, the outer cutter of the cutter disc of each shield excavator is overcuttered. The outer diameter of the tunnel near the docking position is slightly enlarged by excavating while extruding while rotating the cutter disk.

Further, a hydraulic cylinder or the like is mainly used for driving the above-mentioned auxiliary cutter device so that the cutter bit of the auxiliary cutter device is protruded and retracted from the outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk. A general structure is such that a piston rod having a circular piston is slidably fitted in a side cylinder. However, since it is necessary to specify the direction of the cutter bit, a rotation preventing mechanism is attached to a cylinder or a rod to which the cutter bit is attached, so that the cutter bit does not rotate.

The prior art of this kind of auxiliary cutter device includes:
For example, there is an apparatus described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-14295. In this apparatus, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, a tip portion of a cutter bit member 23 pivotally attached to a tip of a cylinder 22 of a cylinder device 21 is formed in a cutting portion (bit portion) 24. Guide tube 26 with a U-shaped cross section
From the opening 26a on the front surface of the main body. Also, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the back side of the cutting portion 24 and the proximal end guide portion 25 of the cutter bit member 23 is formed in a semicircular cross section corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the guide tube 26. And the cutter bit member 23 is guided by being prevented from rotating around the non-circular portion of the tip portion of the cutter bit member 23 and the tip portion of the cutter bit member 23.

[0007]

However, the auxiliary cutter device described in the above publication has the following disadvantages.

When the cutter bit member protruding outward in the radial direction of the cutter disk is pulled in, earth and sand bite into a play space formed between the base end side of the excavation part and the front side opening of the guide cylinder, and consolidation occurs. As a result, the cutter bit member may not be able to be retracted.

[0009] Since it is necessary to attach a cutter bit member provided with a rotation stopping portion separately from the sliding portion to the tip end side of the cylinder device, the overall length of the device becomes long. For this reason, the expansion and contraction stroke of the cutter bit member is limited, or the cutter bit of the shield excavator having a small diameter cannot be provided.

[0010] Since the detent portion of the cutter bit member is provided only on a part of the cutting portion, that is, only on two surfaces on both sides, the detent effect is inferior.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is difficult for biting of earth and sand to occur when a cutter bit is pulled in, and there is very little possibility of malfunction.
An object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary cutter device of a shield excavator having a simple structure, in which the entire length of the device can be shortened, the detent action is high, and the detent can be reliably stopped.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a cutter bit of the present invention is provided via a cylinder device from an outer peripheral portion of a cutter disk rotatably disposed at a front end of a shield machine. Auxiliary cutter devices such as copy cutters and over-cutters that are provided so as to be able to protrude and retract outward in the radial direction by a) connecting one end of a piston rod of the cylinder device to a support portion on the cutter disk side by a pivot shaft.
The cylinder is slidably mounted on the piston rod, and the outer shape of the cylinder is
Forming an arcuate cross section square, b) the cylinder, and slidably supported by a guide tube having an opening corresponding to the outer shape, the tip of the cylinder, fitted with a cutter bit, c) the guide At the tip of the tube, the outer circumference is the inner circumference
Frame formed on a tapered surface so that the thickness becomes gradually thinner than
Cover plate, and the inner peripheral surface of this cover plate is concave.
-Shaped groove is formed in an annular shape, and a seal member is provided.
In addition, another seal member is also provided on the inner peripheral portion of the guide cylinder.
Grease in the gap between the two seal members.
Grease lubrication .

According to claim 2, c) the cylinder
Corresponds to the piston portion of the piston rod
Formed as a circular opening, with each corner crossing the outer shape
The surface should be formed in a substantially square shape consisting of a 1/4 circle arc.
Can be .

[0014]

With the auxiliary cutter device of the shield machine according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the cutter can be used when the outer diameter of the tunnel is slightly enlarged over the entire circumference, or when excavation is performed in a part of the tunnel. The cylinder is advanced with respect to the piston rod supported on the disk side, and the cutter bit attached to the tip of the cylinder is projected radially outward from the outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk. In this state, by continuing the excavation work of the tunnel by the rotation of the cutter disc, a necessary portion of the outer peripheral portion of the tunnel is excavated extra by the cutter bit. Then, at the same time when the excavation work by the auxiliary cutter device is completed, the cylinder is retracted with respect to the piston rod, and the cutter bit is drawn into the cutter disk.

The operation (expanding / contracting operation) of such a cutter bit is performed in a state where the cylinder is surrounded by a guide cylinder around the entire circumference and slidably supported. For this reason, the room for earth and sand to enter is limited to the annular gap between the cylinder and the guide cylinder and is very narrow, so that earth and sand hardly enter. In addition, by adopting a system in which the cylinder device, which is originally larger than the rod, slides on the fixed-side piston rod, the sliding part (cylinder) can be enlarged without increasing the size of the cylinder device. In addition, since the sliding portion between the cylinder and the guide cylinder is formed to have a substantially square cross section, a detent action occurs on four surfaces (almost), so that the detent effect is higher than the conventional detent with two surfaces, It is surely stopped. Furthermore, the basic structure of the device is a simple structure in which a cutter bit (excavated portion of a conventional cutter bit member) is attached to the tip of the cylinder of the cylinder device. When the installation space of the device is the same as that of the conventional device, the expansion stroke of the cutter bit can be increased. Especially
When pulling the cutter bit into the cylinder,
Soil and sand adhering to the vicinity of the bit is proposed on the tapered surface of the cover plate.
Is removed from the inside of the cylinder.
Is prevented from entering the inner surface of the cover plate.
From the gap between the cylinder and cover plate
Of earth and sand is prevented from entering the guide cylinder.
Sediment intrusion is prevented twice .

According to the auxiliary cutter device of the second aspect , the rotation preventing function between the sliding portion of the cylinder and the guide cylinder is provided.
Will be retained .

[0017]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an auxiliary cutter device of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view showing an outline of a shield machine 1 provided with an auxiliary cutter device (here, a copy cutter) according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This shield machine 1 divides the shield 2 into two parts so that a curved tunnel can be excavated.
It has a structure that is connected to bend freely. At the front end of the shield 2, a circular cutter disk 3 as viewed from the front is rotatable.
It is supported equity in. Needless to say, the cutter disk 3 is a means for excavating a face, so that the cutter disk 3 is provided with a large number of excavating blades (cutter bits) 4 on the front surface of the face plate 3a, and has an intake port 5 for introducing shaved earth and sand into the chamber. . The excavating blades 4 are provided in a line radially toward the outer periphery of the cutter disk 3, and the earth and sand intake port 5 is also formed radially between the face plates 3 a having such excavating blades 4. Copy cutters 10 are provided at positions in the circumferential direction opposite to each other near the outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk 3. Each copy cutter 10 forms a concave opening 3b in the outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk 3,
A cutter bit 11 is provided so as to freely protrude and retract from the opening 3b in the radial direction.

FIGS. 2 to 5 show a copy cutter 10 of the present embodiment.
The details are shown below. FIG. 2A is a partially cutaway front view showing the copy cutter in a contracted (retracted) state.
2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line aa of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2C is a front view showing another embodiment, showing a state in which a portion C of FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 2A, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing the copy cutter in an extended (projected) state, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line cc of FIG. It is.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the copy cutter 10 is arranged along a radial line extending from the center of the cutter disk 3 to the outer periphery. In a contracted state, only the cutter bit 11 is exposed. Others are built-in. The cutter bit 11 has a shape in which both sides are pointed toward the tip when viewed from above, and is fixed to the tip of the hydraulic cylinder device 12. The hydraulic cylinder device 12 is of a type in which a cylinder 14 slides with respect to a piston rod 13.
3 is pivotally attached to a support 3d of the cutter disk 3 by a pivot 13a. The rod portion 13c and the piston portion 13d of the piston rod 13 are each circular in cross section.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, the inside of the cylinder 14 is formed in a circular opening corresponding to the piston portion 13d, and the outer shape is formed in a substantially square shape. The outer shape of the cylinder 14 is, in detail, a shape in which a corner portion of a square as viewed in a cross section is formed into an arc shape of a 1/4 circle (in this example, R60 mm, the length of one side of the cylinder 14 is 200 mm). Become. A pipe (not shown) for oil supply / discharge is connected to the base end side of the cylinder 14 so as to sandwich the piston portion 13d.
And pressurized oil is discharged from the other pipe. Thereby, the cylinder 14 slides with respect to the piston rod 13. At the tip of the cylinder 14, a support portion 14a having a quadrangular cross section is integrally protruded, and the recess 11a of the cutter bit 11 is fitted to the support portion 14a and attached by a pin 11b penetrating sideways.

The cylinder 14 is slidably supported around its periphery by a guide cylinder 15 having an opening corresponding to the external shape. The guide tube 15 is fixed to the support member 3e on the cutter disk 3 side as shown in FIGS. A frame-shaped cover plate 1 is provided at the end of the guide tube 15.
6 is detachably attached by a set screw (not shown). The surface of the cover plate 16 is formed on a tapered surface 16a such that the outer peripheral portion thereof becomes gradually thinner than the inner peripheral side. Further, a concave groove is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the cover plate 16 in an annular shape, and a seal member 17 is provided.
A similar seal member 18 is also provided on the inner peripheral portion on the base end side of the guide cylinder 15, and the gap between the seal members 17 and 18 is filled with grease and lubricated with grease, so that the cylinder 14 can be reliably mounted. Operation and prevention of earth and sand intrusion are achieved.

According to the copy cutter 10 of the present embodiment having the above configuration, the excavating operation is performed as follows. That is, the tunnel excavation is performed while rotating the cutter disc 3 at the front end of the shield machine 1 to extend the shield jack (not shown) and slowly advance the shield machine 1.

When the direction of the shield machine 1 is changed to, for example, the right direction, the copy cutter 10 provided on the cutter disk 3 rotates to a position where it is to be dug to dug to the right side of the tunnel. The pressure oil is supplied to the base end of the cylinder 14
, The cutter bit 11 at the tip gradually projects outward from the outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk 3,
With the rotation of the cutter disk 3, the cutter bit 11
Excavation is performed.

Shortly before the end position of the excavation of the tunnel, the supply of the pressure oil to the base end of the cylinder 14 is stopped, and the pressure oil is supplied to the tip end of the cylinder portion 13 d with the piston portion 13 d interposed therebetween, thereby contracting the cylinder 14. As a result, the cutter bit 11 at the tip is gradually drawn inward from the outer peripheral portion of the cutter disk 3, and the excavation by the cutter bit 11 accompanying the rotation of the cutter disk 3 is gradually completed. If the soil is attached near the base end of the cutter bit 11 of the cylinder 14 when the cutter bit 11 is retracted, the earth and sand hits the cover plate 16 and is scraped off.
It is excluded along with a.

The above excavation operation is performed by using the cutter disc 3
Is repeated for each copy cutter 11 to finally excavate a crescent-shaped tunnel.

While the embodiment of the auxiliary cutter device (copy cutter 10) has been described above, the present invention can be embodied in many other modes. For example, a) The cover plate 16 at the tip of the guide tube 15 can be omitted. In this case, the tip portion (outer end) of the guide tube 15
By disposing the seal member 19 in a ring shape on the nearby inner peripheral surface, intrusion of earth and sand can be prevented.

B) Contrary to the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
1 can be made relatively small. Thereby, even if earth and sand adhere to the cutter bit 11, since the soil passes through the gap of the cylinder 14, the cutter bit 1
1 can be reliably drawn into the cylinder 14 and stored.

C) In addition to the copy cutter 10, the present invention can be applied to an over cutter.

D) The cylinder device is a hydraulic cylinder device 12
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be implemented using an air cylinder device.

E) The number and positions of the copy cutters 10 and overcutters provided on the cutter disk 3 can be determined as appropriate.

[0032]

As is apparent from the above description, the auxiliary cutter device of the shield machine according to the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Since the cutter bit is extended and retracted in a state in which the cylinder is surrounded by the guide cylinder around the cylinder and is slidably supported, there is little room for earth and sand to enter, and Is very hard to penetrate, so that biting of earth and sand is less likely to occur when the cutter bit is pulled in, and there is very little possibility of malfunction.

(2) By adopting a method in which a cylinder having a larger outer shape than the rod is slid relative to the piston rod to which the cylinder device is fixed, the sliding portion (cylinder) can be formed without increasing the size of the cylinder device. In addition, the sliding part between the cylinder and the guide cylinder has a detent effect on the four sides (substantially the whole) with a substantially square cross section. Be stopped.

(3) At the tip of the cylinder of the cylinder device,
Cutter bit (excavation part of conventional cutter bit member)
Since the device has a simple structure in which the device is simply attached, and the overall length of the device is shortened, the device can be equipped with a small-diameter cutter disk. When retracting the cutter bit,
The earth and sand adhering near the cutter bit of the Linda cover plate
Is guided by the tapered surface of
While preventing earth and sand from invading from the gap with
The cylinder and cover are covered by a seal member on the inner peripheral surface of the cover plate.
-It is possible to prevent earth and sand from entering through the gap
This ensures that sediment does not enter the guide cylinder reliably and effectively.
It is .

(4) The auxiliary cutter device according to claim 2,
Has a detent effect between the sliding part of the cylinder and the guide cylinder.
And the cylinder slides smoothly against the guide cylinder.
You .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a shield machine 1 provided with an auxiliary cutter device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the front side.

FIG. 2A is a partially cutaway front view showing a copy cutter in a contracted (retracted) state, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line aa of FIG. 2A, FIG. FIG. 2C is a front view showing another embodiment, and shows a state in which a portion C in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 2 (a).

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing the copy cutter in an extended (projected) state.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line cc of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 (a) is a partially cutaway front view showing a conventional copy cutter in a contracted (retracted) state;
FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line dd of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line ee of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view showing a conventional copy cutter in an extended (projected) state.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line ff of FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 3 Cutter disk 10 Copy cutter 11 Cutter bit 12 Hydraulic cylinder device 13 Piston rod 14 Cylinder 15 Guide cylinder 16 Cover plate 17 ・ 18 ・ 19 Seal member

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A copy cutter or an over cutter in which a cutter bit is provided so as to be able to protrude and retract radially outward through a cylinder device from an outer peripheral edge of a cutter disk rotatably disposed at a front end of a shield machine. In such an auxiliary cutter device, one end of a piston rod of the cylinder device is pivotally attached to the support portion on the cutter disk side by a pivot shaft , and the cylinder is slidably mounted on the piston rod, The outer shape of the cylinder is formed so that each corner portion has an arc-shaped substantially rectangular cross section, the cylinder is slidably supported by a guide cylinder having an opening corresponding to the outer shape, and a cutter bit is provided at the tip of the cylinder. At the end of the guide tube, the outer peripheral portion is gradually thicker than the inner peripheral side.
Next, a frame-shaped cover plate formed on the tapered surface
Attach the concave groove on the inner peripheral surface of this cover plate
Forming and disposing the sealing member, and another sealing part
Material is also arranged on the inner circumference of the guide tube, and those two
Grease lubrication by filling the gap between seal members with grease
An auxiliary cutter device for a shield machine. 2. The cylinder has a piston rod inside.
To form a circular opening corresponding to the piston part of the pad
The outer shape of each corner is a 1/4 circle arc in cross section.
The auxiliary cutter device for a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary cutter device is formed in a substantially square shape .