JP2605948B2 - Flying object accelerator - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flying object acceleration device that accelerates and launches a flying object at high speed by a pressure increase due to arc discharge.

[Conventional technology]

Launch a flying object at a high speed of several kilometers per second,
For example, a new material is produced by causing an impact reaction or impact synthesis by colliding with another material.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional accelerator used for such a purpose. In the figure, barrel 1
Is made of, for example, epoxy resin, and has a hole 2 having a circular cross section inside. This hole is closed at one end from the outside by a high-voltage electrode 3, and the other end is open. High voltage electrode 3 to d
A low-voltage electrode 4 is provided at a position only apart from the inner surface of the hole 2, and the high-voltage electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 4 are short-circuited inside the hole 2 by a soluble conductor 5 such as a fuse or a thin conductor. And a power source 6 for generating a pulse.

In the device having such a configuration, the insulating flying object 8 is
When the power supply 6 is turned on and a large current flows through the soluble conductor 5, the soluble conductor 5 is melted and turned into plasma, and the internal pressure of the hole 2 on the left side of the flying object 8 rapidly rises. The flying object 8 is accelerated in the X direction and is fired outside through the opening. The hole 2 has a function of accelerating the flying object 8 therein and guiding the flying object 8 to be emitted outward in the X direction. Compared with the configuration of the pistol, the configuration of FIG. 5 charges a gunpowder into the space at the innermost part of the barrel hole, ignites the gunpowder, and accelerates a bullet that becomes a flying object by the detonation force generated. Is the same as It is known that with the configuration of FIG. 5, several grams of objects can be fired from the barrel 1 at a speed of several kilometers per second (for example,
MJLoffler et al. `` Mass Acceleration by Plasma Pulse
s '', IEEE Trans.on Magnetics, vol. 25, No. 1, Jan. P. 495
−499, 1989).

The shape of the hole 2 does not necessarily have to be circular in cross section in accordance with the shape of the flying object 8, but may be square.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the conventional apparatus as described above, since the arc generating position is limited to the innermost end of the hole, a considerable amount of energy is required to fire the flying object at a predetermined speed. That is, as the flying object advances to the exit of the hole, the space between the innermost end and the flying object increases. For example, if the injection energy of the power supply is stopped in the middle of the acceleration hole, the flying object thereafter proceeds only by inertia (constant speed, zero acceleration), and the pressure in the hole decreases by the amount of space increase. Therefore, in order to constantly accelerate the flying object in the hole, it is necessary to continuously increase the energy injected from the power supply until the flying object reaches the exit end.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an acceleration device that maintains or increases arc energy for launching and accelerating a flying object until the flying object leaves the barrel.

[Means for solving the problem]

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, one end is closed, the other end is provided with a hole with a hole opened,
Attached to the gun barrel, a pair of electrodes exposed on the inner surface of the hole, and a power supply connected to the pair of electrodes and generating an arc discharge in the hole, and the power supply is turned on to form in the hole. In a device for generating an arc and accelerating a flying object arranged in the hole by a pressure increase caused by the arc, the pair of electrodes is connected to a high-voltage electrode disposed at the innermost end on the closed side of the hole and an outlet end on the opening side. And a conductive sheet impregnated with an electrolytic solution that evaporates due to the heat of the arc discharge on the inner surface of the hole between the two electrodes.
The high-voltage electrode shall have a conductor with a pointed shape toward the low-voltage electrode, or the conductive sheet will be in contact with the low-voltage electrode and separated from the high-voltage electrode by such a distance as to cause dielectric breakdown by the voltage of the power supply. It is assumed that

Further, an auxiliary electrode exposed to the inner surface of the gun barrel is provided at a predetermined interval from the high voltage electrode toward the low voltage electrode side, and an auxiliary power supply for generating arc discharge at the predetermined interval is provided between the high voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode. And the conductive sheet is arranged so as to be in contact with and connected to both the auxiliary electrode and the low-voltage electrode. In addition to this configuration, a fusible conductor that generates a melting arc discharge when energized by an auxiliary power supply Are arranged inside the hole of the gun barrel so as to short-circuit between the high-voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode.

[Action]

According to the configuration of the present invention, the high-voltage electrode is disposed at the innermost end on the closed side of the hole of the gun barrel, the low-voltage electrode is disposed at the outlet end of the hole on the opening side, and the inner surface of the hole is impregnated with an electrolytic solution. Since the sheet is provided, a large current pulse from the power supply flows through the conductive sheet, and at the same time, an arc discharge is generated from the exposed portion inside the hole of the high-voltage electrode, and the heat of this arc discharge causes the flying object and the high-voltage electrode to be in contact with each other. The electrolytic solution of the conductive sheet in the portion placed therebetween evaporates, and the expansion force due to the thermochemical reaction of the electrolyte solution is added to the thermal expansion force of the arc plasma, so that the pressure at the rear of the flying object increases. Therefore, even if the space behind the projectile increases as the projectile advances toward the exit end, the electrolyte continues to evaporate, so the pressure inside the hole does not decrease, and the projectile continues to be pushed until it reaches the exit end Fired at high speed.

In addition to the above configuration, if the high-voltage electrode has a needle-point conductor with a sharp tip toward the low-voltage electrode side, the electric field on the high-voltage electrode side becomes extremely high, so that arc discharge that triggers from the high-voltage electrode is likely to occur. The initial acceleration of the flying object increases.

In the above configuration, instead of bringing the conductive sheet into contact with both the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, the conductive sheet is brought into contact only with the low-voltage electrode, and is separated from the high-voltage electrode by such a distance as to cause dielectric breakdown by the voltage of the power supply. By doing,
The time of acceleration start is delayed until this separation distance causes dielectric breakdown, but once dielectric breakdown occurs, large energy is injected into the gap of the separation distance and arc discharge becomes very large.Therefore, there is a phenomenon that the initial acceleration force of the flying object causes growing.

Further, the high-voltage electrode is disposed at the innermost end of the hole on the closed side, the low-voltage electrode is disposed at the opening end of the hole, and the auxiliary electrode is disposed at a predetermined interval from the high-voltage electrode toward the low-voltage electrode, The auxiliary electrode is connected between the auxiliary electrode and the high-voltage electrode, and the conductive sheet is arranged so as to be in contact with and connected to both the auxiliary electrode and the low-voltage electrode. An arc discharge serving as a trigger is caused by dielectric breakdown of the space, and the heat of the arc discharge causes the conductive sheet to start evaporating. Even if the projectile moves toward the exit end and the space behind the projectile increases, the electrolyte continues to evaporate, so the pressure inside the hole does not decrease, and the projectile continues to be pushed until it comes to the exit at high speed. Fired.

In addition to this configuration, a fusible conductor that is melted by the conduction of the auxiliary electrode is disposed inside the hole so as to short-circuit the high-voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode, so that arc discharge serving as a trigger becomes very easy to occur.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples.

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a flying object accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1A, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a view taken in the direction of the arrow B when the barrel of FIG.

FIG. 1 (a) shows a barrel 9 made of an epoxy resin body provided with a circular hole 10 whose one end does not penetrate. The low-voltage electrode 12 is attached to the power supply. One end of each of the high-voltage electrode 11 and the low-voltage electrode 12 is exposed on the inner surface of the hole 10, and the other end is connected to the power supply 13. The gun barrel 9 is arranged so that the hole 10 is horizontal, and a conductive sheet 14 impregnated with an electrolytic solution is arranged below the inner surface of the hole 10 so as to be in contact with both the high-voltage electrode 11 and the low-voltage electrode 12. ing. The spherical flying object 15 is loaded on the high-voltage electrode 11 side of the hole 10.
FIG. 1 (b) shows that the conductive sheet 14 is arranged on the lower surface of the circular acceleration hole 10 with a width (W) of about a quarter of the circumference, and the widths (dotted lines) of the high voltage electrode 11 and the low voltage electrode 12 are also the same. It is. In FIG. 1C, the high voltage electrode 11 is formed in a sharp shape at the tip and is directed toward the flying object 15.

The electrolyte of the conductive sheet 14 is, for example, a saline solution adjusted to have a low resistance, and the sheet serving as the impregnated base material is a sheet of paper or a water-retaining plastic sheet. Once the gun barrel 9 is immersed, the electrolyte solution can be sufficiently impregnated. Flying object 15
Are also loaded from the opening side of the hole 10.

At the same time as a large current pulse from the power supply 13 flows through the conductive sheet 14, an arc discharge serving as a trigger is generated from the sharp point at the tip of the high-voltage electrode 11, and the heat of the arc discharge causes the conductive sheet to generate heat.
14 electrolytes evaporate. The expansion force due to the thermochemical reaction of the electrolytic solution is added to the thermal expansion force of the arc plasma, and the rear pressure when the flying object 15 advances increases. As the flying object 15 advances to the exit end, the electrolyte continues to evaporate even if the rear space of the flying object 15 increases, so the pressure inside the hole does not decrease, and the flying object 15 is pushed until it reaches the exit It is fired at high speed. The portion of the conductive sheet laid forward in the traveling direction of the flying object 15 only supplies current, and does not generate arc discharge.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a flying object accelerating apparatus according to a different embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow C when the gun barrel of FIG.

2 (a) and 2 (b), the conductive sheet 16 is arranged at a distance g from the high voltage electrode 11, and the other configurations are the same as those in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (c).

The start time of the acceleration is delayed until the separation distance g is broken down by the voltage of the power supply 13, but once the dielectric breakdown occurs, large energy is injected into the gap of the separation distance, and the arc discharge becomes very large. The initial acceleration force of the projectile 15 becomes greater than in the case of the configuration of FIG. 1, and as a result, the launch speed of the projectile 15 from the exit end of the hole 10 also increases.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a further different structure of the present invention. The high-voltage electrode 17 does not particularly have a sharp-pointed metal, and has an auxiliary electrode 18 at a position separated by a predetermined distance D.
An auxiliary power supply 19 is connected between the high voltage electrode 18 and the high voltage electrode 17, and includes a conductive sheet 20 which is in contact with and connected to both the auxiliary electrode 18 and the low voltage electrode 12. The other configuration is the same as that of FIG. 1 (a).

The predetermined gap D is broken down by the pulse voltage of the auxiliary power supply 19 to cause an arc discharge serving as a trigger.
The flying object 15 is accelerated by the mechanism described in the configuration of the drawing. Compared with the configuration of FIG. 1, the injection energy at the start of acceleration of the flying object 15 is sufficiently supplied from the auxiliary power supply 19, so that the initial acceleration force of the flying object 15 increases, and as a result, the exit of the hole 10 The firing speed of the flying object 15 from the end increases.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration example of the present invention, in which the high-voltage electrode 17 and the auxiliary electrode 18 are configured to be short-circuited by the fusible conductor 21 inside the hole 10, and the other configuration is the third configuration. It is the same as that of the figure. Since the presence of the fusible conductor 21 makes it very easy to generate an arc discharge as a trigger, the initial acceleration force at the start of acceleration of the flying object 15 increases,
As a result, the firing speed of the projectile 15 at the exit end of the hole 10 is higher than in the case of FIG.

〔The invention's effect〕

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the velocity v of the projectile in the hole and the pressure P at the rear of the projectile in each of the configurations shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, and the horizontal axis represents the position X (starting position) of the projectile. Is X = O and the exit end is X = L), and the pressure P on the vertical axis is
Is determined by a piezoelectric element embedded in the upper surface of the hole in the barrel, and the velocity v is determined from the passage time of the flying object by monitoring the shadow of the flying object by transmitting X-rays through epoxy resin. The characteristic curves 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 are characteristic examples when the same energy is injected from the power supplies 6 and 13 in the configuration of FIGS. It is.

In the configuration example of the conventional apparatus, the pressure P is high at the time of the first departure of the flying object as indicated by the characteristic curve 35, but the pressure decreases as the flight progresses, so that the velocity v also becomes inertia only halfway and is not accelerated.

1, the pressure P at the start is lower than that of the conventional device, as shown by the characteristic curve 31, but as the flying object advances, the pressure v increases, and consequently the speed v also increases. It is about 50% more than that of the device.

The configuration in FIG. 2 is almost the same as that in the configuration in FIG. 1 as shown by the characteristic curve 32, but the pressure P is increased by the first distance at the start of the flying object due to the interposition of the separation distance g between the high-voltage electrode and the conductive sheet. The speed v is somewhat higher than that of the arrangement of FIG.

In the configuration of FIG. 3, as shown by the characteristic curve 33, the pressure P at the time of starting is higher than that of the configuration of FIG. 3 due to the interposition of the auxiliary power supply. As a result, the speed v is about twice that of the conventional configuration. Has increased.

The configuration of FIG. 4 is almost the same as that of the configuration of FIG. 3 as shown by the characteristic curve 34, but the pressure P becomes slightly higher than that of FIG. As a result, the speed v is slightly higher than that of the configuration shown in FIG.

As described above, according to the present invention, the high-voltage electrode is disposed at the innermost end of the hole, the low-voltage electrode is disposed at the outlet end, and the conductive sheet impregnated with the electrolyte is laid on the inner lower surface of the hole, so that the flying object advances. Even if the pressure in the rear part in the traveling direction does not decrease, it is possible to provide a device that launches the flying object from the exit end at a very high speed.

In addition, the high voltage electrode is provided with a sharp conductor at the tip, and the conductive sheet is brought into contact with both the high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode, or is separated from the high voltage electrode by a distance that causes a dielectric breakdown at the power supply voltage, thereby making it possible to reduce the electric power consumption. A flying object can be launched at a high speed of about 50%.

Further, an auxiliary electrode provided at a predetermined distance from the high-voltage electrode is provided, energy is injected from the auxiliary power source between the high-voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode, and the conductive sheet is brought into contact with both the auxiliary electrode and the low-voltage electrode. As a result, the projectile can be fired about twice as fast as the conventional device,
In addition to this configuration, by short-circuiting the high-voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode with the soluble conductor, the flying object can be fired at a higher speed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIGS. 1 (a), 2 (a), 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing the configuration of a flying object accelerating device according to different embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. A in FIG. 1 (a)
FIG. 1 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow B of FIG. 1 (a);
2 (b) is a view taken in the direction of the arrow C in FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional acceleration device, and FIG. 6 is a projectile speed and a flight direction in the hole. It is a characteristic diagram which shows the pressure of a rear part. 1,9: gun barrel, 2,10: hole, 3,11,17: high voltage electrode, 4,12: low voltage electrode, 5,21: soluble conductor, 6,13: power source, 8,15: flying object, 14, 1
6, 20: conductive sheet, 18: auxiliary electrode, 19: auxiliary power supply, 31 to 35:
Each characteristic curve.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A barrel having a hole closed at one end and an opening at the other end, a pair of electrodes attached to the barrel and exposed on the inner surface of the hole, and connected to the pair of electrodes;
A power supply that generates an arc discharge in the hole,
In a device for generating an arc in the hole by turning on the power and accelerating a flying object arranged in the hole by a pressure increase due to the arc, the pair of electrodes are located at the innermost end on the closed side of the hole. And a low-pressure electrode disposed at the opening-side exit end, and a conductive sheet impregnated with an electrolyte that evaporates due to the heat of arc discharge is provided on the inner surface of the hole between the two electrodes. A flying object acceleration device, characterized in that: 2. A flying object accelerating device according to claim 1, wherein said high-voltage electrode has a conductor having a pointed shape toward the low-voltage electrode. 3. The flying object according to claim 1, wherein the conductive sheet is in contact with the low-voltage electrode and is separated from the high-voltage electrode by such a distance as to cause dielectric breakdown by the voltage of the power supply. Accelerator. 4. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary electrode exposed at a predetermined distance from the high-voltage electrode toward the low-voltage electrode on the inner surface of the bore of the gun barrel to generate an arc discharge at the predetermined distance. A flying object acceleration device, wherein an auxiliary power supply is connected between the high-voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode, and the conductive sheet is arranged so as to be in contact with and connected to both the auxiliary electrode and the low-voltage electrode. 5. A gun according to claim 4, wherein a fusible conductor for generating a melting arc discharge when the auxiliary power supply is supplied is disposed inside the bore of the barrel so as to short-circuit between the high-voltage electrode and the auxiliary electrode. Flying object acceleration device.