JP2600862B2 - Control circuit for electrochromic device - Google Patents
Control circuit for electrochromic deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2600862B2 JP2600862B2 JP28583388A JP28583388A JP2600862B2 JP 2600862 B2 JP2600862 B2 JP 2600862B2 JP 28583388 A JP28583388 A JP 28583388A JP 28583388 A JP28583388 A JP 28583388A JP 2600862 B2 JP2600862 B2 JP 2600862B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- power supply
- drive circuit
- electrochromic device
- discharge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ この発明は、エレクトロクロミックデバイスの電荷量
を制御することにより該デバイスの着色・消色状態の切
換を行う制御回路に関する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control circuit for controlling a charge amount of an electrochromic device to switch between a colored state and a decolored state of the device.
［従来の技術］ エレクトロクロミックデバイス（以下、ECDという）
は、電圧を印加すると可逆的に電解酸化または還元反応
を起して着色するエレクトロクロミズム現象を示す物質
を用いて、電圧操作により着・消色操作する電気・光学
的機能要素であり、例えば特開昭52−46098号公報に
は、ガラス基板の上に、透明電極膜（陰極）、三酸化タ
ングステン薄膜、二酸化ケイ素のような絶縁膜、透明電
極膜（陽極）、を順次積層してなる全固体型ECDが開示
されている。[Prior art] Electrochromic device (hereinafter referred to as ECD)
Is an electro-optical functional element that uses a substance exhibiting an electrochromic phenomenon that causes a reversible electrolytic oxidation or reduction reaction when applied with a voltage to cause coloration, and that is subjected to a voltage operation to apply and remove color. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-46098 discloses a total structure in which a transparent electrode film (cathode), a tungsten trioxide thin film, an insulating film such as silicon dioxide, and a transparent electrode film (anode) are sequentially laminated on a glass substrate. A solid ECD is disclosed.
このようなECOの電荷による光量制御の性質を利用し
て、ECDを例えば自動車の車室内バックミラーに組合
せ、夜間走行時にスイッチ操作によってECDを着色状態
にするようにした防幻ミラー等が実用化されている。Utilizing the nature of light quantity control by the electric charge of ECO, an anti-glare mirror, etc., in which an ECD is combined with, for example, a rear-view mirror of a vehicle interior and the ECD is colored by operating a switch during night driving, has been put into practical use. Have been.
このようなECDの着色・消色を電気的に制御するため
の従来の制御回路の構成は、基本的に第２図に示す通り
のものであった。すなわち、第２図において、ECD1は並
列抵抗２と共に駆動回路３の出力端子間に接続され、こ
の駆動回路３にはスイッチ４を介して直流電源５から給
電されるようになっている。The configuration of a conventional control circuit for electrically controlling the coloring and decoloring of such an ECD is basically as shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 2, the ECD 1 and the parallel resistor 2 are connected between the output terminals of the drive circuit 3, and the drive circuit 3 is supplied with power from the DC power supply 5 via the switch 4.
通常の動作において、スイッチ４を閉成して電源５か
ら駆動回路３に給電すると、駆動回路３はその内部のコ
ントローラの制御に従ってその出力端子間に所定の指示
電圧を出力してECD1に印加する。これによりECD1が着色
または消色する。スイッチ４を開成するか、或は電源５
が何等かの理由で直流電圧を失した場合、駆動回路３へ
の給電が断たれるので駆動回路３からの指示電圧出力が
なくなり、ECD1が着色状態にあったとすると、そこに蓄
えられていた電荷が抵抗２を介して放電され、したがっ
てECD1は消色状態に戻る。この場合、自動車用の用途で
は運転上の安全対策として、電源５からの給電が断たれ
た際にECD1が必ず消色されるように、前記抵抗２は常に
ECD1の両端間に接続されている。In normal operation, when the switch 4 is closed and power is supplied from the power supply 5 to the drive circuit 3, the drive circuit 3 outputs a predetermined command voltage between its output terminals and applies it to the ECD 1 under the control of the internal controller. . Thereby, ECD1 is colored or decolored. Open switch 4 or power supply 5
If the DC voltage is lost for some reason, the power supply to the drive circuit 3 is cut off, the command voltage output from the drive circuit 3 is lost, and if the ECD1 is in a colored state, it is stored there. The charge is discharged through the resistor 2, so that the ECD1 returns to the decolored state. In this case, the resistor 2 is always used as a driving safety measure in an automotive application so that the ECD 1 is always decolored when the power supply from the power supply 5 is cut off.
It is connected between both ends of ECD1.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ ところで、従来の制御回路では、駆動回路３の出力端
子間にECD1のみならず放電抵抗２が常に接続されている
ため、着色動作時にも抵抗２を介して電流が流れる。こ
の電流はECDの着色に寄与しない無駄な電流であり、ま
た電源からの給電が断たれたときのECD1の消色を速くす
る目的で抵抗２の抵抗値を小さくすればするほど大きく
なり、その分だけ駆動回路３の負担が大きくなる。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional control circuit, not only the ECD 1 but also the discharge resistor 2 is always connected between the output terminals of the drive circuit 3. Flows. This current is a useless current that does not contribute to the coloring of the ECD, and increases as the resistance value of the resistor 2 is reduced for the purpose of speeding up the decoloring of the ECD1 when the power supply from the power supply is cut off. The load on the drive circuit 3 is increased by that much.
すなわち、従来の制御回路では、抵抗２に流れる余分
な電流のために無駄な電力を消費するだけでなく、駆動
回路３の負荷容量に余裕を持たせなければならず、また
抵抗２における発熱も電子部品に悪い影響を与えてい
る。しかもこの抵抗２の抵抗値は、電源からの給電が断
たれたときのECDの消色速度だけに着目して定めるわけ
にはいかず、駆動回路の負荷容量との兼合いで或る程度
の大きさが必要であるので、電源からの給電が断たれて
からECDが完全に消色されるまでの時間を或る程度以下
に短くすることはできなかったのが実状である。That is, in the conventional control circuit, not only useless power is consumed due to the extra current flowing through the resistor 2, but also the load capacity of the drive circuit 3 needs to have a margin, and the heat generated by the resistor 2 also decreases. It has a bad effect on electronic components. In addition, the resistance value of the resistor 2 cannot be determined by focusing only on the decoloring speed of the ECD when the power supply from the power supply is cut off. In fact, it has not been possible to shorten the time from when the power supply is cut off to when the ECD is completely erased to a certain level or less.
この発明は、電源からの給電が断たれたときにECDが
必ず消色されるという安全機能を失うことなしにこれら
の諸問題点を解決することを目的とするものである。An object of the present invention is to solve these problems without losing the safety function that the ECD is always erased when the power supply from the power supply is cut off.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 請求項１に記載した発明によれば、前述の課題を達成
するために、電源からの給電を受けてECDに電荷を与え
ることにより前記ECDを着色状態にする駆動回路と；前
記駆動回路の出力側にて前記ECDの蓄積電荷を放電させ
るための放電回路と；前記駆動回路が電源から給電を受
けている間は前記放電回路への電流の通過を阻止し、給
電が断たれたときのみ前記放電回路を通して前記ECDの
蓄積電荷を放電させるリレー手段とを備えた制御回路が
提供される。[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the invention described in claim 1, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the ECD is colored by receiving power from a power supply and applying a charge to the ECD. A driving circuit; a discharging circuit for discharging the accumulated charge of the ECD at an output side of the driving circuit; and a blockage of a current to the discharging circuit while the driving circuit is supplied with power from a power supply. And a relay circuit for discharging the accumulated charge of the ECD through the discharge circuit only when power supply is cut off.
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、前記リレー手段が、
前記駆動回路への給電入力の有無を検出する検出手段
と、この検出手段によって制御されるスイッチング手段
とを備えており、前記給電入力が有る間は前記スイッチ
ング手段により前記放電回路を高インピーダンス状態に
し、前記給電入力が断たれたときは前記スイッチング手
段により前記放電回路を低インピーダンス状態にするよ
うになされている。According to the invention as set forth in claim 2, the relay means includes:
Detecting means for detecting the presence or absence of a power supply input to the drive circuit; and switching means controlled by the detection means, and the switching means sets the discharge circuit to a high impedance state while the power supply input is present. When the power supply input is cut off, the switching circuit brings the discharge circuit into a low impedance state.
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、前記検出手段は前記
駆動回路への給電入力によって付勢されるリレーコイル
若しくは半導体回路を有し、前記スイッチング手段は前
記リレーコイルが付勢されたとき若しくは前記半導体回
路が入力電圧を検出したときのみ開成する常閉接点を有
しており、前記放電回路が前記駆動回路の出力端間に前
記常閉接点を介して接続されている。According to the invention described in claim 3, the detection means has a relay coil or a semiconductor circuit which is energized by a power supply input to the drive circuit, and the switching means is provided when the relay coil is energized or The semiconductor circuit has a normally closed contact that opens only when an input voltage is detected, and the discharge circuit is connected between the output terminals of the drive circuit via the normally closed contact.
更に請求項４に記載の発明によれば、前記放電回路
は、前記スイッチング手段と直列に接続された抵抗器を
有している。Further, according to the invention described in claim 4, the discharge circuit has a resistor connected in series with the switching means.
［作用］ 請求項１に記載した発明に係る制御回路においては、
駆動回路は電源からの給電を受けるとECDに電荷を与
え、これにより前記ECDを所定の着色状態にする。この
場合、リレー手段が放電回路への電流の通過を阻止する
ので、駆動回路の負荷としては実質的に前記ECDのみと
なる。[Operation] In the control circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention,
When the drive circuit receives power supply from the power supply, it applies a charge to the ECD, thereby bringing the ECD into a predetermined colored state. In this case, since the relay means blocks the passage of the current to the discharge circuit, the load of the drive circuit is substantially only the ECD.
前記駆動回路に対する電源からの給電が断たれると、
前記リレー手段が放電回路への電流の通過を許容し、前
記駆動回路の出力側にて前記ECDの蓄積電荷が放電回路
を通して放電され、その結果ECDが消色状態になる。When the power supply from the power supply to the drive circuit is cut off,
The relay means allows the passage of current to the discharge circuit, and the accumulated charge of the ECD is discharged through the discharge circuit at the output side of the drive circuit, so that the ECD is in a decolored state.
このようにして、前記リレー手段は駆動回路が給電を
受けているかぎり放電回路に電流を殆ど或は全く流さ
ず、したがって駆動回路から放電回路に無駄な電流が流
れることはなく、放電回路が発熱することもない。しか
も駆動回路の負荷容量はECDに対応した無駄のないもの
とすることができる。また放電回路は駆動回路への給電
が断たれたときのみ電流を通すようになるので、その放
電時定数を自由に選んでECDの消色速度を任意に設定す
ることが可能となる。In this way, the relay means passes little or no current to the discharge circuit as long as the drive circuit is supplied with power, so that no useless current flows from the drive circuit to the discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit generates heat. Nothing to do. In addition, the load capacity of the drive circuit can be reduced to a value corresponding to ECD. Further, since the discharge circuit allows current to flow only when power supply to the drive circuit is cut off, it is possible to arbitrarily set the decoloring speed of the ECD by freely selecting the discharge time constant.
請求項２に記載した発明に係る制御回路においては、
前記リレー手段が検出手段とスイッチング手段とを備え
ており、前記検出手段が前記駆動回路への給電入力の存
在を検出している間は前記スイッチング手段によって前
記放電回路が高インピーダンス状態にされ、前記検出手
段が前記駆動回路への給電入力が断たれたことを検出し
たときは前記スイッチング手段により前記放電回路が低
インピーダンス状態にされ、ECDからの放電電荷が放電
されるようになる。In the control circuit according to the second aspect of the present invention,
The relay means includes a detection means and a switching means, and while the detection means detects the presence of a power supply input to the drive circuit, the discharge circuit is set to a high impedance state by the switching means, When the detection means detects that the power supply input to the drive circuit has been cut off, the discharge circuit is set to a low impedance state by the switching means, and the discharge charge from the ECD is discharged.
請求項３に記載した発明に係る制御回路においては、
前記検出手段のリレーコイル若しくは半導体回路が前記
駆動回路への給電入力によって付勢されている間は前記
スイッチング手段の常閉接点が開成しており、これによ
って放電回路への電流の通過が阻止される。駆動回路へ
の給電が断たれると、リレーコイル若しくは半導体回路
が消勢されるので常閉接点が復帰閉成し、前記放電回路
にECDからの放電電荷が流れる。In the control circuit according to the third aspect of the present invention,
While the relay coil or the semiconductor circuit of the detecting means is energized by the power supply input to the drive circuit, the normally closed contact of the switching means is open, thereby preventing the passage of current to the discharging circuit. You. When the power supply to the drive circuit is cut off, the relay coil or the semiconductor circuit is deenergized, the normally closed contact returns to the closed state, and discharge charges from the ECD flow into the discharge circuit.
請求項４に記載した発明に係る制御回路においては、
前記放電回路中に前記スイッチング手段と直列に接続さ
れた抵抗器を有しており、ECDからの電荷の放電がこの
抵抗器の抵抗値によって定まる放電時定数に従って行わ
れるようになる。In the control circuit according to the fourth aspect of the present invention,
The discharge circuit has a resistor connected in series with the switching means, and discharge of electric charge from the ECD is performed according to a discharge time constant determined by a resistance value of the resistor.
例えば前記スイッチング手段として有接点リレーの常
閉接点を使用する場合、前記抵抗器は、接点開閉時の接
点間の火花放電を抑制する接点保護の働きもする。この
場合、前記抵抗器の抵抗値をECDの目標消色速度との兼
合いで適当に選定することにより、リレー接点の電流容
量を小さくすることも可能である。For example, when a normally closed contact of a contact relay is used as the switching means, the resistor also functions as a contact protection for suppressing spark discharge between the contacts when the contacts are opened and closed. In this case, the current capacity of the relay contact can be reduced by appropriately selecting the resistance value of the resistor in consideration of the target decoloring speed of the ECD.
本発明の実施例を図面と共に説明すれば以下の通りで
ある。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
［実施例］ 第１図は本発明の実施例を示しており、１はECD、３
は駆動回路、４は電源スイッチ、５は直流電源であり、
これらは第１図のものと同様であるので説明は省略す
る。駆動回路３の出力端子間には、ECD1と並列に放電回
路６が接続され、また駆動回路の電源入力端子間には高
入力インピーダンスの電圧検出リレー７が接続されてい
る。[Embodiment] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
Is a drive circuit, 4 is a power switch, 5 is a DC power supply,
Since these are the same as those in FIG. 1, the description is omitted. A discharge circuit 6 is connected between the output terminals of the drive circuit 3 in parallel with the ECD 1, and a voltage detection relay 7 with high input impedance is connected between the power supply input terminals of the drive circuit.
前記放電回路６は、前記リレー７の常閉接点7aと抵抗
器８との直列回路からなり、接点7aは駆動回路の電源入
力端子間に所定の直流電圧が印加されてない状態では開
成状態となっている。The discharge circuit 6 is a series circuit of a normally closed contact 7a of the relay 7 and a resistor 8, and the contact 7a is in an open state when a predetermined DC voltage is not applied between power supply input terminals of the drive circuit. Has become.
いま、電源スイッチ４を閉成すると、駆動回路３の電
源入力端子間に電源５から所定の直流電圧が給電され、
駆動回路３が作動すると共に、リレー７が付勢されるこ
とによりその常閉接点7aが開成される。このようにして
駆動回路３の負荷はECD1のみとなり、駆動回路３から出
力される指示電圧に従ってECD1が効率よく着色・消色制
御される。Now, when the power switch 4 is closed, a predetermined DC voltage is supplied from the power source 5 between the power input terminals of the drive circuit 3,
When the drive circuit 3 operates and the relay 7 is energized, the normally closed contact 7a is opened. In this way, the load of the drive circuit 3 is only the ECD1, and the ECD1 is efficiently controlled for coloring and decoloring in accordance with the command voltage output from the drive circuit 3.
電源スイッチ４を開成するか、或は何等かの原因で電
源５の直流電源出力が消失して、駆動回路３への電源か
らの給電が断たれると、駆動回路３からの指示電圧出力
が失われると共に、リレー７が消勢されるのでその接点
7aが閉成状態に復帰する。これによりECD1の両端間に放
電回路６が形成され、もしECD1が着色状態であればその
蓄積電荷が放電回路の抵抗８と閉じている接点7aとを通
って放電されることになる。このようにしてECD1を必ず
消色状態にすることができる。ここで、前記放電回路６
中の抵抗は消色速度の調整と接点保護の機能を兼ねてお
り、常閉接点7aとして充分な電流容量のものを用いれば
抵抗８を導体に置換えて消色を瞬時に行わせるようにす
ることも可能である。When the power supply switch 4 is opened or the DC power supply output of the power supply 5 disappears for some reason, and the power supply from the power supply to the drive circuit 3 is cut off, the indicated voltage output from the drive circuit 3 is output. Lost and the relay 7 is de-energized,
7a returns to the closed state. As a result, a discharge circuit 6 is formed between both ends of the ECD1, and if the ECD1 is in a colored state, the accumulated charge is discharged through the resistor 8 of the discharge circuit and the closed contact 7a. In this way, the ECD1 can always be in the decolored state. Here, the discharge circuit 6
The middle resistor has both functions of adjusting the decoloring speed and protecting the contacts. If a normally closed contact 7a having a sufficient current capacity is used, the resistor 8 is replaced with a conductor so that the decoloring can be performed instantaneously. It is also possible.
［発明の効果］ 以上に述べたように、本発明によれば、駆動回路への
電源からの給電が断たれたときにECDを確実に消色状態
にすることができ、また駆動回路が電源から給電を受け
ている間はリレー手段によって放電回路への電流の通過
を阻止し、給電が断たれたときのみ放電回路を通してEC
Dの蓄積電荷を放電させるようにしたから、着色動作中
に駆動回路が余分な負荷を負わずに済み、その分だけEC
Dの着色効率とレスポンスが向上し、無駄な電力消費と
発熱を抑制することもできる。更に本発明では駆動回路
への電源からの給電が断たれたときのみ放電回路が形成
されるので、駆動回路の負荷容量と無関係に放電時定数
を目標の消色速度が得られるように決定することがで
き、駆動回路の負荷を増加することなく電源からの給電
が断たれたときの消色を瞬時に行わせるようにすること
も可能となる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the ECD can be reliably turned off when the power supply from the power supply to the drive circuit is cut off. While power is being supplied from, the passage of current to the discharge circuit is prevented by the relay means, and only when the power is cut off does the EC flow through the discharge circuit.
Since the accumulated charge of D is discharged, the driving circuit does not bear an extra load during the coloring operation, and the EC is reduced by that much.
D coloring efficiency and response are improved, and wasteful power consumption and heat generation can be suppressed. Further, in the present invention, since the discharge circuit is formed only when the power supply from the power supply to the drive circuit is cut off, the discharge time constant is determined so that the target decoloring speed can be obtained regardless of the load capacity of the drive circuit. It is also possible to instantaneously erase the color when the power supply from the power supply is cut off without increasing the load on the drive circuit.
第１図は本発明の実施例に係るECDの制御回路を示す回
路図、第２図は従来のECDの制御回路を示す回路図であ
る。 （主要部分の符号の説明） １……ECD（エレクトロクロミックデバイス）、３……
駆動回路、４……電源スイッチ、５……直流電源、６…
…放電回路、７……電圧検出リレー、7a……常閉リレー
接点、８……抵抗器。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a control circuit of an ECD according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a control circuit of a conventional ECD. (Explanation of symbols of main parts) 1 ... ECD (Electrochromic Device) 3 ...
Drive circuit, 4 Power switch, 5 DC power supply, 6
... discharge circuit, 7 ... voltage detection relay, 7a ... normally closed relay contact, 8 ... resistor.
Claims (4)
ックデバイスに電荷を与えることにより前記デバイスを
着色状態にする駆動回路と；前記駆動回路の出力側にて
前記デバイスの蓄積電荷を放電させるための放電回路
と；前記駆動回路が電源から給電を受けている間は前記
放電回路への電流の通過を阻止し、給電が断たれたとき
のみ前記放電回路を通して前記デバイスの蓄積電荷を放
電させるリレー手段とを備えたことを特徴とするエレク
トロクロミックデバイスの制御回路。1. A driving circuit for supplying an electric charge to an electrochromic device in response to power supply from a power supply to change the color of the electrochromic device to a colored state; and discharging an accumulated charge of the device at an output side of the driving circuit. A discharge circuit; and relay means for preventing passage of current to the discharge circuit while the drive circuit is supplied with power from a power supply, and discharging stored electric charges of the device through the discharge circuit only when power supply is cut off. And a control circuit for an electrochromic device.
入力の有無を検出する検出手段と、この検出手段によっ
て制御されるスイッチング手段とを備え、前記給電入力
が有る間は前記スイッチング手段により前記放電回路を
高インピーダンス状態にし、前記給電入力が断たれたと
きは前記スイッチング手段により前記放電回路を低イン
ピーダンス状態にするようにした請求項１に記載のエレ
クトロクロミックデバイスの制御回路。2. The relay device according to claim 1, wherein said relay means includes a detection means for detecting the presence or absence of a power supply input to said drive circuit, and switching means controlled by said detection means. 2. The control circuit for an electrochromic device according to claim 1, wherein said discharge circuit is set to a high impedance state, and said switching means is set to a low impedance state by said switching means when said power supply input is cut off.
電入力によって付勢されるリレーコイル若しくは半導体
回路を有し、前記スイッチング手段として、前記リレー
コイルが付勢されたとき若しくは前記半導体回路が入力
電圧を検出したときのみ開成する常閉接点を有し、前記
放電回路が前記駆動回路の出力端間に前記常閉接点を介
して接続されている請求項２に記載のエレクトロクロミ
ックデバイスの制御回路。3. A relay coil or a semiconductor circuit which is energized by a power supply input to said drive circuit as said detection means, and said switching means is provided when said relay coil is energized or when said semiconductor circuit is energized. The control of the electrochromic device according to claim 2, further comprising a normally closed contact that opens only when an input voltage is detected, and wherein the discharge circuit is connected between the output terminals of the drive circuit via the normally closed contact. circuit.
直列に接続された抵抗器を有する請求項２に記載のエレ
クトロクロミックデバイスの制御回路。4. The control circuit for an electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said discharging circuit has a resistor connected in series with said switching means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28583388A JP2600862B2 (en) | 1988-11-14 | 1988-11-14 | Control circuit for electrochromic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28583388A JP2600862B2 (en) | 1988-11-14 | 1988-11-14 | Control circuit for electrochromic device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02132420A JPH02132420A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
| JP2600862B2 true JP2600862B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
Family
ID=17696670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28583388A Expired - Lifetime JP2600862B2 (en) | 1988-11-14 | 1988-11-14 | Control circuit for electrochromic device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2600862B2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101512423B (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2011-04-13 | Lg化学株式会社 | Apparatus for driving electrochromic device and method thereof |
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1988
- 1988-11-14 JP JP28583388A patent/JP2600862B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101512423B (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2011-04-13 | Lg化学株式会社 | Apparatus for driving electrochromic device and method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02132420A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
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