JP2599432Y2 - Gear transmission - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

This invention relates to a gear transmission,
Particularly suitable for a power transmission device for a diesel vehicle, an input that is driven from an output shaft of an engine via a torque converter or is driven via a high-speed switching clutch from an input shaft integrated with the output shaft of the engine. The present invention relates to a gear transmission having a low-speed gear for driving, the output shaft of which is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft, and having the same speed ratio at the time of forward rotation and reverse rotation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a diesel vehicle (hereinafter, referred to as "vehicle"), the output of a diesel engine (hereinafter, referred to as "engine") is generally a power transmission comprising a torque converter and a gear transmission. The transmission is transmitted to the axle via the device, and the gear transmission reduces the rotational speed of the engine to 1: 1 or less.

[0003] In the case of a railway vehicle, a U-turn cannot be made unlike an automobile or the like, so that the vehicle is driven by selecting forward rotation or reverse rotation in accordance with the traveling direction of the vehicle. It is required that the speed ratio at the time of reverse rotation be the same. In addition, for reasons of arrangement with respect to the engine, it is required that the input shaft of the gear transmission integrated with the output shaft of the engine be coaxial with the output shaft of the gear transmission.

For this purpose, a standard gear is adopted for each of a low-speed input gear, a normal rotation gear meshing therewith and a reverse rotation gear meshing with the normal rotation gear so that the center distance is set to a standard size, and the center distance is set at the time of normal rotation and reverse rotation. In order to make the gear ratio the same, the number of teeth of the forward gear and the reverse gear is the same, and when these gears are arranged on the same plane, the teeth of the low-speed gear, the forward gear and the reverse gear mesh with each other simultaneously. And cannot rotate. In order to solve this, conventionally, another gear having the same number of teeth and the same tooth width as the normal rotation gear is mounted on the normal rotation shaft adjacent to the normal rotation gear, and this gear and the reverse rotation gear are connected to each other. The reverse gear and the low-speed gear are prevented from directly meshing with each other (see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-103555).

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a gear transmission 26 of a conventional power transmission system for a diesel vehicle has a fluid transmission 16 comprising a torque converter 18.
Together with the power transmission device, and its input shaft 1
Is connected to the diesel engine 14 via an elastic joint (not shown).

[0006] A hydraulic clutch 15 and a torque converter 18 are coaxially provided on the input shaft 1. When the hydraulic clutch 15 is engaged, the output of the engine 14 is transmitted through the torque converter 18 and the freewheel 17 to a gear shift. Transmitted to the cylindrical shaft 13 integral with the low-speed gear 5 of the machine 26,
This is a so-called shifting operation. On the other hand, when the hydraulic clutch is disengaged, the output of the engine 14 is directly input to the input shaft 1 of the gear transmission 26.
To a so-called (slow or high speed) direct connection operation.

A forward rotation gear 6 meshing with the low-speed gear 5 and an auxiliary gear 6a adjacent to the forward rotation gear 6 are fixed to the forward rotation shaft 3 and have the same number of teeth as the forward rotation gear 6 and a reverse rotation shaft 4a. The reverse gear 9a, which is rotatably mounted on the first gear, does not mesh with the low-speed gear 5 and the normal gear 6, and the reverse gear 9a meshes with the auxiliary gear 6a. That is, the reverse gear 9a
Is a plane perpendicular to the input shaft 1, the forward rotation shaft 3 and the reverse rotation shaft 4 and meshing with the auxiliary gear 6a in a plane adjacent to the low speed gear 5 and the normal rotation gear 6 without engaging with them. I have.

The reversing gear 9a is connected to the reversing shaft 4 via a reversing clutch 21. The reversing shaft 4 is fixed with a reversing pinion 10 meshing with the output gear 8 fixed to the output shaft 2. Further, the output gear 8 is provided on the forward rotation shaft 3.
A normal rotation pinion 7 meshing with the rotation is mounted rotatably.

On the input shaft 1, an outer spline 24 of a sliding body 23 which slides in the axial direction and an inner spline 25 integral with the low-speed gear 5 or an inner spline integral with the high-speed driving gear 11 are detachably fitted. Low / high speed switching clutch 1 to be connected
The forward rotation shaft 3 is provided with a forward rotation clutch 22 of the same configuration for connecting the forward rotation shaft 3 and the forward rotation pinion 7. The reverse clutch 21
Is also the same. The high-speed drive gear 11 has the forward rotation shaft 3
And is engaged with a high-speed driven gear 12 which is fixed to the high-speed driven gear 12. Note that the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 2 are arranged on the same axis.

In such a gear transmission 26, it is necessary to make the transmission gear ratio the same during the forward rotation operation and the reverse rotation operation. Therefore, the number of teeth of the forward rotation gear 6, the auxiliary gear 6a and the reverse rotation gear 9a is the same, The number of teeth of the reverse pinion 7 and the reverse pinion 10 are also the same.

[0011]

As described above, in the conventional gear transmission, another gear is disposed adjacent to the forward gear meshing with the low-speed gear. There is a problem that the total length increases and the weight also increases. Therefore, this invention abolishes another gear that is mounted adjacent to the forward gear, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight and compact gear transmission in which the forward and reverse rotations have the same speed ratio and the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged on the same axis.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to a method in which an output shaft of an engine is driven through a torque converter, or a low speed is input from an input shaft integral with the output shaft of the engine. A gear transmission having an input low-speed gear driven via a switching clutch, the output shaft of which is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft, and having the same speed ratio during forward rotation and reverse rotation; , A forward rotation gear fixed to a forward rotation axis parallel to the axis and meshing with the low-speed gear, and an inter-axis distance between the axis and the same axis parallel to the axis and the forward axis. A reverse gear having the same number of teeth as the normal gear, rotatably mounted on a reverse shaft disposed at a position of a larger axial distance with the normal shaft, and rotating with the normal shaft. Freely mounted and connected integrally with the forward rotation shaft via the forward rotation clutch And forward pinion, fixed to the reverse shaft, driven from reverse gear through a reverse clutch,
The reverse rotation pinion has the same number of teeth as the normal rotation pinion, and the output gear meshes with the normal rotation pinion and the reverse rotation pinion, and the low speed gear and the normal rotation gear, which are perpendicular to the input shaft, the normal rotation shaft and the reverse rotation shaft, mesh with each other. The forward gear and reverse gear mesh with each other on the plane where the forward gear, reverse pinion and output gear are the positive shift gear, and the low-speed gear, reverse gear and forward pinion are the negative shift gear. it is obtained by forming the inter-gap between the tooth tip of the.

[0013]

The reverse rotation gear having the same number of teeth as the normal rotation gear is rotated by a reverse rotation shaft arranged at a position where the distance between the input shaft axis and the input shaft is larger than the distance between the input shaft and the normal rotation shaft. Attach freely,
The normal gear and the reverse gear mesh with the low-speed gear and the normal gear in the same plane perpendicular to the input shaft, the normal axis and the reverse axis, and the positive gear, the reverse pinion and the output gear are positively displaced. the gear, the low speed gear, the reverse gear and the forward pinion as a negative shifted gear, since the formation of the inter-gap between the tooth tip of the low-speed gear and the reverse rotation gear, freely rotate forward gear and the reverse rotation gear and the same plane can do. Therefore, there is no need to provide another gear coaxially with the reverse gear in proximity to the forward gear, and a lighter and more compact gear transmission can be obtained as compared with the conventional gear.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to a gear transmission of a power transmission device for a diesel vehicle shown in the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference characters.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment in which the gear transmission of the present invention is applied to a power transmission device for a diesel vehicle. The power transmission device includes a fluid transmission 16 and a gear transmission 2.
6 is comprised. The diesel engine 14
Is connected to the fluid transmission 16 via an elastic joint (not shown).
And the input shaft 1 of the gear transmission 26.

The same portions as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals and have the same functions, and therefore, detailed description of those portions will be omitted. First, each gear 5, 6, 9, 7, 8, 10,
Adopts the same module, sets the total number of teeth of the low-speed gear 5 and the reverse rotation gear 9 one less than the total number of teeth of the reverse rotation pinion 10 and the output gear 8, and sets the low-speed gear 5, Forward gear 6, forward pinion 7, and output gear 8
The number of teeth is set.

[0017] is set to a value close to the distance between the axes S ₁ standard dimensions of the input shaft 1 and the forward rotation shaft 3, the center distance S ₂ between the input shaft 1 and the reverse rotation shaft 4 about the axis distance S ₁ The forward rotation shaft 3 and the reverse rotation shaft 4 are respectively arranged at positions that are large by one module, and the forward rotation gear 6, the output gear 8 and the reverse rotation pinion 10 are changed to the positive shift gear by using a gear having a pressure angle of 25 °. The reverse gear 9, the forward pinion 7, and the low-speed gear 5 are negative shift gears.

By using such a shaft arrangement in combination with the shift gear, the forward gear 6 meshing with the low-speed gear 5 and the reverse gear 9 meshing with the forward gear 6 can be arranged on the same plane. There is a gap between the gear and the tip of the reverse gear 9, so that the low-speed gear 5, the forward gear 6 and the reverse gear 9 can be driven on the same plane.

The dimensions and the inter-axis distances S ₁ and S ₂ of the respective gears of the gear transmission actually manufactured according to the present invention were as follows. The number of teeth (Z) and the dislocation coefficient are shown in parentheses. Low-speed gear 5 (Z = 32, −0.485), forward rotation gear 6 (Z = 33, +0.6), forward rotation pinion 7 (Z = 2
7, -0.425), output gear 8 (Z = 39, +0.0
5), reversing gear 9 (Z = 33, -0.485), reversing pinion 10 (Z = 27, +0.6), and center distance S
₁ = 195.683 mm, while the distance between axes S ₂ = 201.7.
It was 44 mm.

Hereinafter, the operation of the power transmission device will be described. First, at the time of starting, the forward clutch 22 or the reverse clutch 21 is operated in accordance with the traveling direction of the vehicle.
Is selected and fitted. Now, in order to start the shift operation by the torque converter 18, the low-speed clutch 1
9 and the hydraulic clutch 15
, The power of the engine 14 is transmitted from the low-speed gear 5 to the forward gear 6 meshing therewith via the hydraulic clutch 15, the torque converter 18, and the cylindrical shaft 13, and the forward clutch 22 is engaged. In this case, the rotation is transmitted from the forward rotation shaft 3 to the output shaft 2 via the forward rotation clutch 22, the forward rotation pinion 7, and the output gear 8 in the same rotation direction as the rotation direction of the engine 14. When the reverse clutch 21 is engaged,
Power is transmitted from the low-speed gear 5 to the output shaft 2 via the forward rotation gear 6, the reverse rotation gear 9, the reverse rotation clutch 21, the reverse rotation shaft 4, the reverse rotation pinion 10, and the output gear 8 in the rotation direction opposite to the rotation direction of the engine 14. You.

When a sufficient vehicle speed is obtained during the speed change operation by the torque converter 18, when the hydraulic clutch 15 is disengaged and the low speed clutch 19 is engaged, the operation shifts to the direct connection operation as in the conventional example, and the engine 14 Is transmitted to the low-speed gear 5 via the low-speed clutch 19 and transmitted to the output shaft 2 in the same manner as in the above-described shift operation. In this driving state, if a predetermined vehicle speed is reached, the low-speed clutch 1
9, the rotational speed of the engine 14 is reduced to make the rotational speeds of the driving side and the driven side of the high-speed clutch 20 substantially equal to each other, and the high-speed clutch 20 is fitted. Is transmitted from the high-speed drive gear 11 via the high-speed driven gear 12 to the forward rotation shaft 3, and transmits high-speed power to the output shaft 2.

In this embodiment, the low-speed clutch 1
9, mechanical clutches are used for the high-speed clutch 20, the reverse rotation clutch 21 and the forward rotation clutch 22, respectively, but the same effect can be obtained by using a hydraulic friction clutch as these clutches.

[0023]

According to the gear transmission of the present invention, the forward gear and the reverse gear mesh with each other on the same plane where the low-speed gear and the forward gear mesh with each other, and the forward gear and the reverse gear can be freely formed on the same plane. Since it can rotate, there is no need to provide another gear coaxially with the reverse gear in proximity to the normal gear, and a lighter and more compact gear transmission can be obtained as compared with the conventional gear.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a power transmission device using a gear transmission showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing a meshing state of each gear in the gear transmission of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission device using a conventional gear transmission.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing a meshing state of each gear in the gear transmission of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 input shaft 2 output shaft 3 forward rotation shaft 4 reverse rotation shaft 5 low speed gear 6 forward rotation gear 7 forward rotation pinion 8 output gear 9 reverse rotation gear 10 reverse rotation pinion 13 cylindrical shaft 14 diesel engine 15 hydraulic clutch 16 fluid transmission 18 torque converter 19 Low speed clutch 20 high speed clutch 21 reverse rotation clutch 22 forward rotation clutch 26 gear transmission

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] An input low-speed gear driven from an output shaft of an engine via a torque converter or driven via a low-speed switching clutch from an input shaft integral with the output shaft of the engine. A gear transmission whose output shaft is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft and has the same speed ratio at the time of normal rotation and at the time of reverse rotation, wherein the gear is fixed to a normal rotation shaft parallel to the axis, A normal rotation gear meshing with the low-speed gear, and also arranged at a position of an inter-axis distance that is parallel to the axis and is larger than the inter-axis distance between the axis and the normal rotation axis. A reverse gear having the same number of teeth as the forward gear, rotatably mounted on the reverse shaft and meshing with the forward gear, and rotatably mounted on the forward shaft and integral with the forward shaft via a forward clutch; And a reverse rotation clutch fixed to the reverse rotation shaft and connected to the reverse rotation clutch. A reverse rotation pinion having the same number of teeth as the forward rotation pinion, and an output gear meshing with the forward rotation pinion and the reverse rotation pinion. In the plane where the gear and the forward gear mesh, the forward gear and the reverse gear mesh with each other, the forward gear, reverse pinion and output gear become positive shift gear, and the low speed gear, reverse gear and forward pinion become negative. as the shifted gear, gear transmission, characterized in that the formation of the inter-gap between the tooth tip of the low-speed gear and the reverse rotation gear.