JP2598214B2 - Conveyed soil volume measuring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth removal amount measuring device for measuring an earth removal amount.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a shield method, earth and sand excavated by a cutter in a chamber are discharged by a screw conveyor to maintain a constant earth pressure in the chamber.

[0003] For example, when the amount of soil removed by a screw conveyor is large, the earth pressure in the chamber becomes low, causing collapse of the ground, subsidence of the ground, and partial collapse of the ground.
On the other hand, when the amount of soil removed by the screw conveyor is small, the earth pressure in the chamber increases, which causes the ground surface to be raised in front of the face.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to accurately control the amount of soil removed by the screw conveyor. Generally, the allowable variation of the amount of soil removed without causing face collapse in shield excavation is within 2.8% of the designed excavation amount. It is said that.

In order to manage the amount of earth removal,
It is necessary to accurately measure the amount of soil removed at the present time, and as the method, there are a screw rotation measuring method, a pumping method, a steel car transport method, a laser light method, an ultrasonic Doppler method, and the like.

[0006] The screw rotation measuring method is to measure the amount of soil removal by counting the number of rotations of the screw conveyor, and the pump pressure feeding method is to measure the amount of soil removal by counting the piston movement of the sludge pump. is there. In the steel car transport system, the amount of earth removal is measured by measuring the weight of a steel car loaded with earth removal. In addition, the laser light method measures the amount of soil removal by measuring the cross-sectional shape of the earth and sand on a belt conveyor that moves at a constant speed using a laser light, and the ultrasonic Doppler method transmits ultrasonic waves from outside the transport pipe Then, by measuring the flow velocity of the earth and sand by the Doppler effect, the amount of discharged soil is measured.

[0007]

However, the above-described conventional earth removal amount measuring method has problems such as poor measurement accuracy and an expensive measuring device.

That is, in the screw rotation measurement method, when conveying highly viscous earth and sand, idle rotation and the like occur, so that the rotation speed of the screw conveyor and the amount of conveyance are not necessarily proportional. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too low, the earth and sand flow out regardless of the rotation of the screw conveyor, so that the rotation speed of the screw conveyor is not proportional to the amount of conveyance. Therefore, the error was large and was not practical.

In the pumping method, when air is mixed in the conveyed earth and sand, the number of pistons of the pump is not always proportional to the amount of conveyance, so that the measurement error is also large.

[0010] In the steel car transport system, measurement errors are large because mud and the like adhere to the steel car. In addition, after the soil is conveyed by a belt conveyor or the like, the steel car is mounted on the steel car, and the weight of the entire steel car is measured. As a result, a considerable time delay occurred from the time of excavation, and processing could not be performed in real time.

In the laser beam system and the ultrasonic Doppler system, there are large errors depending on the arrangement of the measuring devices and the like, and the measuring devices are expensive and impractical.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a transported soil amount measuring device which has a high measurement accuracy, can measure the earth removal amount with a relatively inexpensive and simple configuration.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a discharge amount detecting section for detecting a discharge amount per unit time of a piston type pressure pump for conveying soil. the sensor <br/> for detecting the strain or stress in the outer wall of the connected pressurized pipe on the discharge side of the feed pump, said detected strain or stress <br/> by the sensor becomes a predetermined value or more calculates the pumping time measuring unit for measuring time, a discharge amount per a unit time detected by the discharge rate detecting unit, the volume of the conveying soil based on the time obtained by the pumping time measuring unit when you are characterized in that it comprises a volume calculation unit.

[0013] The invention of claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1.
And excavated by a shield machine,
Calculate the volume of soil transported via pumps and pumping pipes
It is characterized by putting out. The invention of claim 3 is a contract
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transport inside the pressure feed pipe is performed.
Density meter for soil density measurement
Density and the volume calculated by the volume calculation unit
This provided a weight calculating unit, a for calculating a dumping weight based
And features. Further, the invention of claim 4 is based on claims 1 to
3, the discharge amount detection unit may be configured to perform the pressure feeding
A discharge that detects the discharge pressure when soil is transported by the pump
An output pressure sensor and a discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor.
Per unit time by the pump based on the output pressure
A discharge amount conversion unit for obtaining a discharge amount.
You.

[0014]

The earth volume measuring device of the present invention is used mainly for measuring the earth removal amount in the shield method, but is also used as an earth volume measuring device for transporting general earth and sand. You can also.

In general, when a piston-type pressure pump is used to convey soil or the like, the conveyance time changes according to the amount of air contained in the conveyed soil. That is, assuming that the pressure pump has a constant discharge pressure, when a large amount of air is contained in the conveyed soil, the air is compressed and the volume is reduced, so that the conveying time is shortened. On the other hand, if the amount of air contained in the conveyed soil is small, the sand will be extruded with a small volume reduction, and the transfer time will be long.

In the present invention, the above-described internal air
Time but sediment compressed is conveyed, namely as a method for measuring the pumping time, utilizes a strain or stress of the pumping tube outer wall provided on the discharge side of the piston pressure pump, the value of the strain or stress When it is equal to or more than the predetermined value, it is determined that the earth and sand is being pumped. This is because when you are extruded conveying soil by pressure pump is increased earth pressure pumping tube, the ratio of the pumping tube outer wall Along with this
This is because attention has been paid to the increase in strain or stress .

In order to measure the amount of conveyed soil using such a phenomenon, in the present invention, strain or stress is detected by a sensor provided on the outer wall of the pumping pipe, and the pumping time is measured based on the detection result. Section measures the pumping time. Further, in order to calculate the volume of the conveyed soil amount from the pumping time, it is necessary to know the discharge amount per unit time of the pump. The discharge amount is detected by the discharge amount detection unit . Then, the volume calculating section calculates the volume of the conveyed soil based on the detected discharge amount and the pumping time obtained by the pumping time measuring section. Furthermore, weight calculation unit
It was obtained by measuring the volume of the conveyed soil and using a fine clock
The weight of the transported soil is calculated based on the density of the transported soil.

As described above, in the present invention, the discharge amount per unit time of the piston type pump and the strain or stress on the outer wall of the pumping pipe are detected, and the pumping time is measured based on the detection results, and the conveyed soil is detected. Volume calculation and weight
A quantity operation is being performed. Therefore, even when air is contained in the transported soil, an accurate transported soil amount can be obtained, and a measurement error can be reduced. The discharge amount per unit time of the pressure pump are those obtained easy from the discharge pressure of the design on the pump, the strain of the pumping tube outer wall
Alternatively, the stress can be easily obtained by using a strain gauge or the like, so that the configuration can be simplified at relatively low cost.

[0019]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

First Embodiment (1) Operation of the Embodiment FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the entire configuration of a conveyed soil amount measuring apparatus according to one embodiment. This conveyed soil volume measuring device is used, for example, for measuring the volume of soil discharged in the shield method.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for measuring the amount of soil transported according to the present embodiment includes a pump discharge pressure sensor 10, a discharge amount conversion unit 12, a conversion table 14, for measuring the discharge amount of a piston type pressure pump. Pumping tube strain sensor 2 for measuring the pumping time in one piston operation of the pumping pump
0, a pumping time measuring unit 22, a γ-ray density meter 34 for measuring the density of earth and sand discharged from the pumping pump, and a volume calculating unit for calculating the volume and weight of the soil discharging based on each measurement result. 30, a weight calculation unit 32, a display unit 36 for displaying each calculation result on a screen or printing on a recording paper, and a printer 38.

The pump discharge pressure sensor 10 is for detecting the pump discharge pressure at the time of the pumping operation by the pump, and the detected discharge pressure is input to the discharge amount converter 12. The conversion table 14 stores in advance the relationship between the pump discharge pressure and the discharge amount determined at the time of design. The discharge amount conversion unit 12 searches the conversion table 14 based on the discharge pressure input from the pump discharge pressure sensor 10 and obtains a pump discharge amount corresponding to this discharge pressure on a one-to-one basis. The data of the pump discharge amount obtained here is input to the volume calculation unit 30.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pump performance curve representing the relationship between the pump discharge pressure and the discharge amount stored in the conversion table 14. The figure shows that the rated output is from 55KW to 118K.
This figure shows the relationship between the discharge pressure and the discharge amount of the W pressure pump. The upper limit of the discharge pressure is determined by the diameter of the pressure pipe. The conversion table 14 stores the curves shown in FIG. 2 in the form of a table. When the discharge pressure and rated output of the pressure feed pump are input, the corresponding discharge amount is obtained. .

The pumping tube strain sensor 20 is for detecting a strain on the outer wall of the pumping tube connected to the discharge side of the pumping pump. This pumping pipe strain sensor 20
Can be easily configured using , for example, a strain gauge. In this case, the strain in the portion where the strain gauge is installed is detected by a change in resistance of the strain gauge. Pumping time measuring section
Reference numeral 22 measures a single piston operation time of the pumping pump based on the strain of the pumping tube outer wall detected by the pumping tube strain sensor 20. Specifically, attention is focused on the fact that increased earth pressure pumping tract during piston operation of the pressure pump, the strain of the pumping tube outer wall has become a predetermined value or more
Determined to be in the pumping operation when that measures the inter <br/> when the pumping operation. And pump this measured time
And time. In addition, instead of the distortion of the pumping pipe outer wall,
The stress acting on the pumping pipe is measured and the measured value is
By measuring the time when the
It is also possible to get the sending time.

The volume calculation unit 30 calculates the discharge amount per unit time of the pumping unit input from the discharge amount conversion unit 12 and the pumping time corresponding to one piston operation of the pumping unit input from the pumping time measuring unit 22. , The volume of the soil discharged by one-piston operation is calculated. here,
Assuming that the discharge amount obtained by the discharge amount conversion unit 12 is v and the pumping time obtained by the pumping time measuring unit 22 is T,
The volume V of the discharged soil conveyed by one piston operation can be represented by V = v × T.

The calculation result is output as the volume of the soil discharged by one-piston operation or as the volume of the soil discharged within a predetermined time, and sent to the display unit 36 and the printer 38.

The display unit 36 displays the results of the calculations by the volume calculation unit 30 and the weight calculation unit 32 on a display screen. In parallel with the display operation by the display unit 36, the printer 38 outputs the calculation results of the volume calculation unit 30 and the weight calculation unit 32 to recording paper.

The γ density meter 34 relatively simply measures the density of the conveyed soil in the pressure pipe by irradiating γ rays. This measurement result is input to the weight calculator 32.

The weight calculator 32 calculates the soil removal weight based on the volume data calculated by the volume calculator 30 and the density data input from the γ-ray densitometer 34. Assuming that the density measured by the γ-ray densitometer 34 is ρ, the weight W of the discharged soil can be represented by W = V × ρ. Therefore, the weight calculator 32 calculates the weight W by multiplying the volume data V input from the volume calculator 30 by the density data ρ input from the γ-ray densitometer 34. The calculation result is displayed on the display unit 36 and output from the printer 38 as described above.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a shield machine for measuring the amount of earth removal by the measuring apparatus for earth carried by the present embodiment. FIG. 3A shows a schematic structure of a primary transfer system including a chamber 50, and FIG. 3B shows a schematic structure of a secondary transfer system thereafter.

The earth and sand excavated by the cutter in the chamber 50 is first conveyed by a primary conveying system. That is, the earth and sand in the chamber 50 is taken out by the screw conveyor 52, discharged from the rotary pump 54 to the pressure feeding pipe 56, and conveyed through the pressure feeding pipe 56. The primary transfer system up to the pressure feed pipe 56 is used as the primary transfer system.
Expands and contracts.

A silt mixer 60 is provided on the face side of the secondary transport system. This silt mixer 60
Is used to increase the viscosity of the earth and sand that has been reduced during the transportation by the primary transportation system, and water or a dispersant is added to the earth and sand discharged from the pressure feed pipe 56 and stirred.

The earth and sand pressure feeder 62 includes a piston type pressure feed pump 64, and presses the earth and sand discharged from the silt mixer 60 into a pressure feed pipe 68. The earth and sand pumping operation of the earth and sand pump 62 is performed by the earth and sand pump controller 66.

The pumping pipe 68 is for transporting the earth and sand discharged from the earth and sand pump 62 to the ground via a shaft. A pump discharge pressure sensor 10, a pumping pipe strain sensor 20, and a γ-ray density meter 34 of the transported soil volume measuring device are attached to a part of the pumping pipe 68, respectively.

(2) Operation of Embodiment Next, a detailed operation of the transported soil amount measuring apparatus of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific example of strain data detected by the pumping tube strain sensor 20. The vertical axis in the figure corresponds to the distortion of the outer wall of the pressure feed pipe 68, and the horizontal axis corresponds to the passage of time.

As shown in the figure, the outer wall of the pumping pipe 68 has periodic fluctuations in the strain. This is because when the pump 64 discharges earth and sand, the earth pressure in the pumping pipe 68 increases, and by measuring the time when the strain increases in accordance with the increase of the earth pressure, the pump pump is operated. 6
4 can determine the pumping time. It should be noted that, based on the same principle, the stress of the outer wall of the pumping tube may be detected, and the pumping time may be determined from the time when the stress value becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

The pumping time varies depending on the amount of air contained in the earth and sand discharged from the pump 64. This is because the volume of air interposed between the soil and sand decreases during the pumping, and the pumping time substantially corresponds to the volume of only the sand. In the specific example shown in FIG. 4, the interval between AB (1.21 seconds) and the interval between CDs (1.79 seconds) correspond to the pumping time.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed operation procedure of the apparatus for measuring the amount of conveyed soil according to this embodiment. Hereinafter, description will be given in accordance with the operation procedure shown in FIG.

First, the pump discharge pressure sensor 10 detects the pump discharge pressure in the vicinity of the discharge side of the pressure pump 64 (step 500), and the discharge amount converter 12 calculates the pump discharge amount based on the detected pump discharge pressure. It is determined (step 501).

Next, the pumping pipe strain sensor 20 detects a strain in the outer wall portion of the pumping pipe 68 (step 50).
2) The pumping time measuring unit 22 measures the pumping time per piston operation of the pump 64 based on the detected strain in the pumping tube (step 503).

In this embodiment, the case where the strain detection and the pumping time measurement are performed after the discharge pressure detection and the discharge amount conversion are described as an example, but the order is not particularly limited to this. Therefore, the discharge pressure detection and the strain detection may be performed simultaneously, or the discharge pressure detection may be performed after the strain detection.

Next, the volume calculation section 30 executes step 500
Based on the discharge pressure and strain detected by steps 502 and 502, the discharge volume per piston operation by the pump 64 is calculated (step 504).

Thereafter or in parallel with the above-described processing, γ
The linear density meter 34 detects the density of the conveyed soil in the pumping pipe 68 (Step 505).

The weight calculator 32 calculates the weight of the soil per one piston operation by the pump 64 based on the volume calculated by the volume calculator and the density of the soil detected by the γ-ray densitometer. (Step 506).

Next, the display unit 36 displays the volume calculated by the volume calculation unit 30 and the weight calculated by the weight calculation unit 32 on the screen. Similarly, printer 3
8 outputs these volumes and weights to recording paper (step 507).

In this manner, a series of detection, calculation and display operations are completed. These processes are performed at regular intervals or each time the piston of the pump 64 is operated. Then, the worker of the construction, who looks at the calculation result printed on the display screen or the recording paper, confirms that the volume or weight discharged is within the allowable range of the design value. If it is out of the permissible range, the operator can control the shield machine drive control device 40 which controls the excavating operation of the entire shield machine, for example.
, A setting change instruction is input, and the number of revolutions of the screw conveyor 52 is changed.

In the above-described example, the worker directly checks whether or not the amount of soil removal is within the allowable range. However, this determination process is performed by the transported soil volume measuring device. Is also good. In this case, after completion of the calculation processing in steps 503 and 505, is the volume calculation unit 30, the weight calculation unit 32, or the main control unit (not shown) that controls the entire measurement device within an allowable error range? It is determined whether or not it is within the range, and if it is not within the range, the fact is displayed on the display screen of the display unit 36 and an alarm sound such as a buzzer is sounded.

As described above, in the apparatus for measuring the amount of soil conveyed in the present embodiment, the strain on the outer wall of the pumping pipe 68 provided on the discharge side of the pumping pump 64 is measured, so that each piston operation of the pumping pump 64 is performed. The pumping time is measured.
The pumping time measured here is longer when the proportion of air in the conveyed soil is small, and shorter when the proportion of air is large. Therefore, the measurement of the pumping time according to the volume and weight of the soil actually conveyed Is performed. Then, the volume of discharged soil is easily obtained by multiplying the measured pumping time by the discharge amount per unit time of the pumping pump 64, and the weight of discharged soil is easily obtained by multiplying the volume of discharged soil by the density of the soil. .

Therefore, the apparatus for measuring the amount of conveyed soil according to the present embodiment
Various sensors 10 and 20 for calculating the discharge amount, the pumping time and the density used for the calculation of the volume and the weight, and the respective calculation units 30 and 32 for calculating the volume and the weight based on these.
Etc., and does not include particularly expensive and complicated components, so that the configuration is relatively inexpensive and simple.

Further, as described above, since an accurate earth removal volume and weight can be obtained in consideration of the amount of air in the earth removal, the measurement accuracy can be increased.

Second Embodiment Next, the configuration of a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. The transported soil volume measuring apparatus of the present embodiment is configured to process the detection result of each sensor using a general personal computer.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the apparatus for measuring the amount of conveyed soil according to the second embodiment. The same reference numerals are used for configurations corresponding to the first embodiment on a one-to-one basis, and detailed description is omitted.

In the figure, analog-digital (A /
D) The converter 72 converts the detection output (discharge pressure) of the pump discharge pressure sensor 10 into digital data of a predetermined number of bits. Similarly, the A / D converter 74 converts the detection output (strain) of the pumping tube strain sensor 20 into digital data of a predetermined number of bits. The A / D converter 76 is used for the γ-ray density meter 34.
Is converted into digital data of a predetermined number of bits.

The personal computer 70 calculates the discharge amount per unit time of the pressure feed pump 64 and the volume and weight of the earth removal based on the outputs of the A / D converters 72, 74 and 76. The calculation result is displayed on the display screen of the display unit 36 and printed on a recording paper by the printer 38.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a detailed operation procedure of the conveyed soil amount measuring device of the present embodiment. Hereinafter, description will be made in accordance with each operation procedure shown in FIG.

First, the pump discharge pressure, the pressure pipe strain, and the density of the earth removal are detected by the pump discharge pressure sensor 10, the pressure pipe strain sensor 20, and the γ-ray density meter 34 (step 700). Each detection result is output to an A / D converter 72, 74, 7
6 after being converted into digital data (step 7
01) is input to the personal computer 70. The personal computer 70 stores the input data in the internal memory 80 (step 702).

Next, the personal computer 70 calculates the discharge amount per unit time of the pressure pump 64 based on the discharge pressure data stored in the memory 80 (step 703). The performance curve of the pumping pump shown in FIG. 2 is stored in the memory 80 in the form of a table in advance, and the personal computer 70 calculates the discharge amount based on the table.

When the discharge amount per unit time of the pressure pump 64 is obtained, the personal computer 70 calculates the volume and weight of the soil (step 704).
An error is calculated for the plan value (step 705). As a result, that is, whether or not the values are within the ranges of the soil removal volume, weight, and tolerance are displayed on the display screen of the display unit 36 and printed on the recording paper by the printer 38 (step 706).

In the apparatus for measuring the amount of conveyed soil according to the present embodiment,
After converting each sensor output of the pumping pipe strain sensor 20 and the like into digital data, data processing is performed by a general-purpose personal computer 70, and the earth removal volume and weight are measured with a relatively inexpensive and simple configuration. be able to. Further, since the measurement principle itself is the same as that of the first embodiment, the measurement accuracy is high and accurate measurement can be performed.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the measurement of the earth removal weight and the like in the shield method has been described as an example. However, the present invention may be used for other purposes. That is, if the application is to transport earth and sand by a piston-type pressure pump, it may be the measurement of the amount of soil transported in general building construction and the like.

Further, in this embodiment, the case where the calculated earth removal volume and weight are displayed and the operator who sees this display operates the shield machine drive control device 40 and the like has been described. After calculating the error in the device, the shield machine drive control device 40 is controlled based on the error calculation result.
May perform automatic control to control the rotation speed of the screw conveyor 52.

In the present embodiment, the amount of soil removed on the discharge side was measured using the pressure feed pump 64 as the secondary transfer system. However, if a piston type pressure feed pump is used, the primary transfer is performed. The earth removal amount measurement in the system may be performed.

Further, in the second embodiment, each detection output is once converted into digital data and then input to the personal computer 70.
Since many devices having various interfaces such as 32C and GP-IB are on the market, the digital output may be directly input to the personal computer 70.

[0065]

As described above, according to the present invention, the discharge amount per unit time of the piston type pump and the strain or stress on the outer wall of the pumping pipe are detected, and the pumping time is measured based on the detection results. And the volume or weight of the transported soil is calculated, and even if the transported soil contains air, the exact transported soil amount can be obtained,
Measurement accuracy can be increased. Further, the discharge amount per unit time of the pumping pump can be easily obtained from the discharge pressure of the pump, and the strain or stress of the outer wall of the pumping pipe can be easily obtained, so that the configuration can be relatively inexpensive and the configuration can be simplified. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an entire configuration of a transported soil amount measuring device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a pump performance curve representing a relationship between a pump discharge pressure and a discharge amount stored in a conversion table.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of a shield machine for measuring an amount of earth removal by the apparatus for measuring the amount of earth carried by the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific example of strain data detected by a pumping tube strain sensor.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed operation procedure of the transported soil amount measuring device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a transported soil amount measuring device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a detailed operation procedure of the transported soil amount measuring device of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pump discharge pressure sensor 12 Discharge amount conversion part 14 Conversion table 20 Pumping pipe strain sensor 22 Pumping time measurement part 30 Volume calculation part 32 Weight calculation part 34 γ-ray density meter 36 Display part 38 Printer

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A discharge amount detection unit for detecting a discharge amount per unit time of a piston type pressure pump for carrying soil, and a strain or stress in an outer wall of a pressure pipe connected to a discharge side of the pressure pump. a sensor for detecting the discharge amount per a unit time detected by the pumping time measuring unit for measuring a time, the discharge rate detecting unit when the strain or stress detected by the sensor is equal to or greater than a predetermined value When the conveyance amount of soil measuring apparatus characterized by comprising: a volume calculating unit for calculating the volume of transport soil based on the time obtained by the pumping time measuring unit. 2. The piston-type pumping pump according to claim 1, which is excavated by a shield machine.
To calculate the volume of the conveying soil to be fed transportable through the flop and pumping pipe
Transporting soil quantity measuring device, characterized in that that. 3. The method of claim 1, 2 Oite any, and density meter to perform density measurements of the transport soil inside the pumping tube, the density measured by the densitometer, the volume calculated by the volume calculating unit preparative transport soil measuring apparatus characterized by comprising: a weight calculator for calculating a dumping weight, based on the. 4. The discharge amount detection unit according to claim 1, wherein the discharge amount detection unit detects a discharge pressure sensor that detects a discharge pressure when the soil is transported by the pressure pump, and the discharge pressure sensor. And a discharge amount conversion unit for calculating a discharge amount per unit time by the pressure pump based on the discharged pressure.