JP2595585B2 - Fuel cell generator - Google Patents
Fuel cell generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2595585B2 JP2595585B2 JP62299176A JP29917687A JP2595585B2 JP 2595585 B2 JP2595585 B2 JP 2595585B2 JP 62299176 A JP62299176 A JP 62299176A JP 29917687 A JP29917687 A JP 29917687A JP 2595585 B2 JP2595585 B2 JP 2595585B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- fuel cell
- secondary battery
- anode
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は燃料の有する化学エネルギーを直接電気エネ
ルギーに変換させるエネルギー部門で用いる燃料電池に
関するものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell used in the energy sector which directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy.
［従来の技術］ 現在までに提案されている燃料電池のうち、たとえ
ば、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池は、電解質として溶融炭酸塩
を多孔質物質にしみ込ませてなる電解質板（タイル）
を、カソード（酸素極）とアノード（燃料極）で両面か
ら挟み、カソード側に酸化ガスを供給すると共にアノー
ド側に燃料ガスを供給することによりカソードとアノー
ドとの間で発生する電位差により発電が行われるように
したものを１セルとし、各セルをセパレータを介して多
層に積層した構成のものとしてある。[Prior Art] Among fuel cells proposed up to now, for example, a molten carbonate fuel cell is an electrolyte plate (tile) in which molten carbonate is impregnated into a porous material as an electrolyte.
Is sandwiched between the cathode (oxygen electrode) and the anode (fuel electrode) from both sides, an oxidizing gas is supplied to the cathode side, and a fuel gas is supplied to the anode side, so that electric power is generated due to a potential difference generated between the cathode and the anode. The structure to be performed is defined as one cell, and the cells are stacked in multiple layers via a separator.
上記溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池による発電装置では、これ
までに、燃料ガスとして、天然ガスを用いる場合、都市
ガスを用いる場合、石炭を用いる場合等が提案されてお
り、天然ガスを燃料とする場合は天然ガスを改質し、都
市ガスを燃料とする場合は都市ガスを改質し、又、石炭
を燃料とする場合は石炭をガス化して精製している。In the power generation device using the molten carbonate fuel cell, there have been proposed, as a fuel gas, a case where natural gas is used, a case where city gas is used, and a case where coal is used. Reforms natural gas, reforms city gas when using city gas as fuel, and gasifies and refines coal when using coal as fuel.
溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の燃料として都市ガスの如き硫
黄分の入った常温のガス体を利用する溶融炭酸塩型燃料
電池発電システムとしては、第３図に示す構成のものが
知られている。すなわち、燃料電池１のアノード３に供
給するための都市ガスTGをライン４により改質器５に導
入され、ここで改質されてアノード３にライン６により
供給されるようにし、上記改質器５の入口側のライン４
の途中には、ガス中の硫黄分を除去するための脱硫器と
してZnO等の脱硫触媒を用いた脱硫器７が組み込まれて
いると共に、天然ガス予熱器８と９が上記脱硫器７の
上、下流側に配置され、上記アノード３から排出された
ガスは、上記天然ガス予熱器８、９の順に通過する間に
改質器５に入る都市ガスと熱交換を行った後に改質器５
の燃焼室内に導入されるようにしてある。又、燃料電池
１のカソード２に酸化ガスを供給するため、空気Ａを圧
縮機10で圧縮した後、空気予熱器11、タービン12、空気
予熱器13を経てライン14によりカソード２に供給すると
共に、一部を分岐ライン15により改質器５の燃焼室内に
供給するようにし、上記カソード２から排出されたガス
は、分岐されて一方は空気予熱器11を通って排出され、
他方は空気予熱器13、過熱器16、蒸発器17を通して排出
されるようにしてあり、水H2Oは蒸発器17で蒸気になり
過熱器16で加熱されて前記ライン４に供給し、該ライン
４のガスとともに改質器５に入るようにし、改質器５の
燃料室出口から排出された炭酸ガスを含むガスは、ライ
ン14を流れるガスとともにカソード２に供給されるよう
にしてある。18は圧縮機である。FIG. 3 shows a configuration of a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system using a normal temperature gas containing sulfur such as city gas as fuel for the molten carbonate fuel cell. That is, the city gas TG to be supplied to the anode 3 of the fuel cell 1 is introduced into the reformer 5 by the line 4, where it is reformed and supplied to the anode 3 by the line 6. Line 4 on the entrance side of 5
A desulfurizer 7 using a desulfurization catalyst such as ZnO is incorporated as a desulfurizer for removing sulfur in the gas, and natural gas preheaters 8 and 9 are mounted above the desulfurizer 7. The gas discharged from the anode 3 is disposed on the downstream side and exchanges heat with the city gas entering the reformer 5 while passing through the natural gas preheaters 8 and 9 in this order.
Is introduced into the combustion chamber. In order to supply an oxidizing gas to the cathode 2 of the fuel cell 1, the air A is compressed by the compressor 10 and then supplied to the cathode 2 through the line 14 via the air preheater 11, the turbine 12 and the air preheater 13. , A part of which is supplied to the combustion chamber of the reformer 5 by the branch line 15, and the gas discharged from the cathode 2 is branched and one is discharged through the air preheater 11,
The other is discharged through an air preheater 13, a superheater 16 and an evaporator 17, and water H 2 O is turned into steam in the evaporator 17 and is heated by the superheater 16 to be supplied to the line 4. The gas containing the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the outlet of the fuel chamber of the reformer 5 is supplied to the cathode 2 together with the gas flowing through the line 14 so that the gas enters the reformer 5 together with the gas in the line 4. 18 is a compressor.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ ところが、上記第３図に示す発電システムでは、改質
器５に導入する都市ガスのライン４途中にZnO等を脱硫
触媒とする脱硫器７を設け、発電装置の起動時から脱硫
器７を使用して脱硫作用を行わせた後に燃料を改質器５
へ入れるようにしてあるため、 起動時に触媒還元のための水素が必要であるが、その
必要とする水素が改質器等で未だ発生していないので、
水素ボンベ19を用意しておき、水素ボンベ19から水素を
とる必要があること、 触媒還元という操作が入ることによって起動に時間と
手数がかかること、 等の問題がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the power generation system shown in FIG. 3, a desulfurizer 7 using ZnO or the like as a desulfurization catalyst is provided in the middle of the city gas line 4 introduced into the reformer 5 to generate power. After starting the apparatus, the desulfurizer 7 is used to perform the desulfurization action, and then the fuel is removed from the reformer
Since hydrogen is required for catalyst reduction at start-up, the required hydrogen has not yet been generated in the reformer, etc.
There are problems such as that it is necessary to prepare a hydrogen cylinder 19 and obtain hydrogen from the hydrogen cylinder 19, and it takes time and trouble to start up due to the operation of catalyst reduction.
そこで、本発明は、起動時の触媒還元に必要な水素を
水素ボンベ以外からとるようにして水素ボンベを省略す
ると共に、燃料電池の停止時にも、電力、水素が利用で
きるようにしようとするものである。In view of the above, the present invention aims to obtain hydrogen necessary for catalyst reduction at the time of starting from a source other than the hydrogen cylinder, thereby omitting the hydrogen cylinder, and making it possible to use electric power and hydrogen even when the fuel cell is stopped. It is.
［問題点を解決するための手段］ 本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、燃料ガスを燃
料電池に供給するラインに設けて燃料ガスを脱硫する脱
硫器と、該脱硫器で脱硫されたガスを改質して燃料電池
のアノードの入口側に供給するようにする改質器とを備
え、且つ上記燃料電池のアノードの出口側から排出され
たアノードガスを上記改質器の燃料室に導入させるよう
にするラインと、空気を圧縮する圧縮機と、該圧縮機で
圧縮された空気を予熱する空気予熱器と、該空気予熱器
で予熱された空気を燃料電池のカソードの入口側に供給
するラインと、上記空気予熱器で予熱された空気の一部
を上記改質器の燃料室に導入させるようにする分岐ライ
ンとを備える燃料電池発電装置において、上記燃料電池
の出力回路に、反応に水素が関与する二次電池を、二次
電池を充電するための回路と二次電池から放電するため
の回路を介して接続し、更に、上記アノードへ供給する
ための燃料ガスの供給側と二次電池のガス系統とを上記
脱硫器の入口側で接続して、二次電池から水素ガスをア
ノードへのガス系統に供給できるようにすると共に、ア
ノードからのガス排出側と二次電池のガス系統とを、ア
ノードガスを改質器の燃焼室に導入するラインの途中で
接続して、アノードガスの一部を二次電池のガス系統に
供給できるようにした構成とする。Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a desulfurizer that is provided in a line for supplying a fuel gas to a fuel cell and desulfurizes the fuel gas, and that is desulfurized by the desulfurizer. A reformer for reforming gas and supplying the reformed gas to the inlet side of the anode of the fuel cell, and the anode gas discharged from the outlet side of the anode of the fuel cell is supplied to the fuel chamber of the reformer. A line to be introduced, a compressor for compressing the air, an air preheater for preheating the air compressed by the compressor, and the air preheated by the air preheater to the inlet side of the cathode of the fuel cell. In a fuel cell power generator including a supply line and a branch line for introducing a part of the air preheated by the air preheater into the fuel chamber of the reformer, the output circuit of the fuel cell includes: Secondary involving hydrogen in the reaction The battery is connected via a circuit for charging the secondary battery and a circuit for discharging from the secondary battery, and further, a fuel gas supply side for supplying the anode and a gas system of the secondary battery. Is connected at the inlet side of the desulfurizer so that hydrogen gas can be supplied from the secondary battery to the gas system to the anode, and the gas exhaust side from the anode and the gas system of the secondary battery are connected to the anode gas. Is connected in the middle of a line that is introduced into the combustion chamber of the reformer, so that a part of the anode gas can be supplied to the gas system of the secondary battery.
［作用］ 発電装置の起動時は、脱硫器の触媒還元に必要な水素
を二次電池に貯蔵されている水素でまかない、これによ
り水素が不足した二次電池には、燃料電池のアノードか
ら排出されたガスを供給することによって水素の補給を
行わせる。又、燃料電池の停止時は二次電池からの電力
により非常灯の点灯、制御用機器の運転を行わせること
ができる。更に、二次電池の充電は燃料電池の出力によ
り行える。[Operation] At the time of start-up of the power generator, hydrogen required for catalytic reduction of the desulfurizer is supplied by the hydrogen stored in the secondary battery, so that the secondary battery deficient in hydrogen is discharged from the anode of the fuel cell. The supplied gas is supplied to supply hydrogen. When the fuel cell is stopped, the emergency light can be turned on and the control device can be operated by the electric power from the secondary battery. Furthermore, the charging of the secondary battery can be performed by the output of the fuel cell.
［実 施 例］ 以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図（イ）（ロ）は本発明の実施例を示すもので、
燃料電池１のアノード３に、硫黄分の入った常温のガス
TGを脱硫器７で脱硫した後に改質器５で改質して供給す
るようにすると共に、上記アノード３から排出されたガ
スを上記改質器５にライン４により導入されるガスTGと
熱交換させた後に上記改質器５の燃焼室に導入させるよ
うにし、一方、燃料電池１のカソード２には、空気Ａを
圧縮した後、予熱してライン14により供給すると共に、
一部を分岐ライン15により改質器５の燃焼室入口に導入
させるようにし、該改質器５の燃焼室出口から排出され
た炭酸ガスを含むガスを上記ライン14の空気とともにカ
ソード２に供給するようにしてある第３図に示した従来
の溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池の発電装置において、反応に水
素が関与する二次電池20を設置し、該二次電池20を、第
１図（ロ）に燃料電池１と二次電池20との接続系統図を
示す如く、燃料電池１の出力回路1aに組み込んだ充電用
の回路20aと放電用の回路20bを介して接続し、燃料電池
１の出力回路1a中に制御装置Ｃのｂ接点を設けると共に
充電用回路20aと放電用回路20bにｂ接点とａ接点をそれ
ぞれ設けて、制御装置Ｃにより切り換えられるように
し、燃料電池１が停止時に燃料電池１側のｂ接点と二次
電池20の充電用回路20aのｂ接点が開、二次電池20の放
電用回路20bのａ接点が閉となって、二次電池20から放
電用回路20bを経て放電が行われることにより二次電池2
0の電気的利用が図れ、又、燃料電池１の運転時には、
燃料電池１側のｂ接点と二次電池20の充電用回路20aの
ｂ接点が同時に閉となり、放電用回路20bのａ接点が開
となって、燃料電池１からの電力が充電用回路20aを経
て二次電池20に供給されることにより二次電池20を充電
できるようにする。第１図（ロ）中、23は直流（DC）を
交流（AC）に変換するインバータである。又、二次電池
20に燃料電池１のアノード３から排出されたガスの一部
が供給されるよう燃料電池１のガス系統と二次電池20の
ガス系統をライン21にて接続すると共に、二次電池20で
蓄えた水素H2を燃料電池１のガス系統に供給できるよう
にライン22にてライン４の脱硫器７入口側に接続し、燃
料電池と二次電池20との間で互にガスの供給ができるよ
うにする。その他の構成は第３図に示したものと同じで
あり、同一部分には同一符号が付してある。FIGS. 1A and 1B show an embodiment of the present invention.
A normal temperature gas containing sulfur is applied to the anode 3 of the fuel cell 1.
The TG is desulfurized by the desulfurizer 7 and then reformed by the reformer 5 to be supplied. The gas discharged from the anode 3 is mixed with the gas TG introduced into the reformer 5 by the line 4 and heat. After the exchange, the air is introduced into the combustion chamber of the reformer 5, while the air A is compressed and then preheated and supplied to the cathode 2 of the fuel cell 1 through the line 14.
A part of the gas is introduced into the inlet of the combustion chamber of the reformer 5 through the branch line 15, and the gas containing carbon dioxide discharged from the outlet of the combustion chamber of the reformer 5 is supplied to the cathode 2 together with the air of the line 14. In the conventional power generator for a molten carbonate fuel cell shown in FIG. 3, a secondary battery 20 in which hydrogen participates in the reaction is installed, and the secondary battery 20 is connected to the power generator shown in FIG. As shown in the connection system diagram between the fuel cell 1 and the secondary battery 20, the charging circuit 20a and the discharging circuit 20b which are incorporated in the output circuit 1a of the fuel cell 1 are connected to each other. The output circuit 1a is provided with the b contact of the control device C, and the charging circuit 20a and the discharging circuit 20b are provided with the b contact and the a contact, respectively, so that the switching can be performed by the control device C. Battery 1 side b-contact and secondary circuit 20 charging circuit 20a b-contact Is opened, the a-contact of the discharge circuit 20b of the secondary battery 20 is closed, and the secondary battery 2 is discharged through the discharge circuit 20b from the secondary battery 20.
0 can be used electrically, and when the fuel cell 1 is operated,
The b contact on the fuel cell 1 side and the b contact of the charging circuit 20a of the secondary battery 20 are closed at the same time, and the a contact of the discharging circuit 20b is opened, so that the electric power from the fuel cell 1 passes through the charging circuit 20a. Then, the secondary battery 20 is supplied to the secondary battery 20 so that the secondary battery 20 can be charged. In FIG. 1B, reference numeral 23 denotes an inverter for converting direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). Also, secondary batteries
The gas system of the fuel cell 1 and the gas system of the secondary battery 20 are connected by a line 21 so that a part of the gas discharged from the anode 3 of the fuel cell 1 is supplied to the fuel cell 1, and stored in the secondary battery 20. A line 22 is connected to the desulfurizer 7 inlet side of the line 4 so that the hydrogen H 2 can be supplied to the gas system of the fuel cell 1, and gas can be supplied between the fuel cell and the secondary battery 20 mutually. To do. Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIG. 3, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
反応に水素が関与する二次電池の反応式は、一般に次
のようになる。The reaction formula of a secondary battery in which hydrogen participates in the reaction is generally as follows.
一例として、ニッケル−水素電池の場合は、 で表わされる。 As an example, in the case of a nickel-metal hydride battery, Is represented by
燃料電池１と二次電池20が電気的に接続されているの
で、電気負荷急変時等、溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池系だけで
は電力需要に対応できないようなとき、あるいは溶融炭
酸塩型燃料電池が停止しているとき、等の場合には、二
次電池20を電気的な緩衝装置として使用するため、二次
電池20からの放電を行わせて対処させる。このとき、前
記（１）式から二次電池系は第２−ａ図に示す如く調整
される。Since the fuel cell 1 and the secondary battery 20 are electrically connected to each other, when the molten carbonate fuel cell system alone cannot meet the power demand, such as when the electric load suddenly changes, or when the molten carbonate fuel cell is used. In the case where the secondary battery 20 is stopped or the like, the secondary battery 20 is used as an electric shock absorber, so that the secondary battery 20 is discharged so as to take measures. At this time, the secondary battery system is adjusted as shown in FIG. 2-a from the equation (1).
次に、燃料電池１の運転時は二次電池系の充電を行わ
せることができる。この場合は、燃料電池通常運転時に
燃料電池出力を多少高めにとり、二次電池20の充電を行
う。このとき第２−ｂ図に示す如く二次電池系の物質の
バランスが調整される。Next, during operation of the fuel cell 1, the secondary battery system can be charged. In this case, during normal operation of the fuel cell, the output of the fuel cell is slightly increased, and the secondary battery 20 is charged. At this time, the balance of the materials of the secondary battery system is adjusted as shown in FIG. 2-b.
このように燃料電池１が運転時は、二次電池20に充電
が行われ、燃料電池１が停止時は、二次電池20から放電
が行われるように、燃料電池１と二次電池20とが電気的
に接続してあることにより燃料電池１の停止時でも二次
電池20からの放電により非常灯の点灯、制御用機器の運
転ができることになり、全体のシステムとして信頼性を
向上させることができる。As described above, when the fuel cell 1 is operating, the secondary battery 20 is charged, and when the fuel cell 1 is stopped, the secondary battery 20 is discharged so that the fuel cell 1 and the secondary battery 20 are discharged. Is electrically connected, the emergency light can be turned on and the control device can be operated by discharging from the secondary battery 20 even when the fuel cell 1 is stopped, thereby improving the reliability of the entire system. Can be.
又、本発明では、燃料電池１と二次電池20とのガス系
統も接続させてあるため、発電装置の起動時において脱
硫器７の脱硫触媒還元のために水素を必要とする場合
に、二次電池20で蓄えた水素H2を利用できる。すなわ
ち、従来では、起動時に触媒還元のために必要とされる
水素を水素ボンベ19から供給させるようにしているた
め、水素ボンベ19を必要としていたが、本発明では、燃
料電池系で水素を必要とする場合に、二次電池系に貯蔵
されている水素を燃料電池系へ供給することができるの
で、従来の水素ボンベを省略することができる。このと
きの二次電池系は、第２−ｃ図のようにH2が減少する。Further, in the present invention, since the gas system between the fuel cell 1 and the secondary battery 20 is also connected, when hydrogen is required for the desulfurization catalyst reduction of the desulfurizer 7 at the time of starting the power generator, available hydrogen H 2 was stored in the next cell 20. That is, conventionally, the hydrogen required for the catalyst reduction is supplied from the hydrogen cylinder 19 at the time of startup, so the hydrogen cylinder 19 was required.In the present invention, however, hydrogen is required in the fuel cell system. In this case, since the hydrogen stored in the secondary battery system can be supplied to the fuel cell system, the conventional hydrogen cylinder can be omitted. Secondary battery system in this case, H 2 decreases as the 2-c Figure.
上記起動時に触媒還元のために必要とされる水素を二
次電池系から燃料電池系へ供給させることにより二次電
池系の水素が消費された場合、そのままでは二次電池系
の水素が不足する。この不足分は燃料電池１の通常運転
時に燃料電池系から補給することができる。この場合
は、燃料電池１のアノード３から排出されるガス（以
下、アノードガスという）を二次電池系へライン21によ
り供給しながら二次電池系から放電させることにより二
次電池系に第２−ｄ図に示す如くＢの形で水素を補給す
ることができる。この際、燃料電池系から二次電池系へ
供給するのは純水素である必要はないし、又、純粋な水
素は通例燃料電池系には存在しないため、上記のように
アノードガスでよい。この場合、（１）式中のH2は、ア
ノードガス中のH2という意味である。When hydrogen of the secondary battery system is consumed by supplying hydrogen required for catalyst reduction from the secondary battery system to the fuel cell system at the time of the above startup, the hydrogen of the secondary battery system becomes insufficient as it is. . This shortage can be replenished from the fuel cell system during normal operation of the fuel cell 1. In this case, the gas discharged from the anode 3 of the fuel cell 1 (hereinafter, referred to as an anode gas) is discharged from the secondary battery system while being supplied to the secondary battery system through the line 21, so that the second gas is discharged to the secondary battery system. -Hydrogen can be replenished in the form B as shown in FIG. At this time, it is not necessary to supply pure hydrogen from the fuel cell system to the secondary battery system, and since pure hydrogen does not normally exist in the fuel cell system, the anode gas may be used as described above. In this case, (1) H 2 in formula is a means that H 2 in the anode gas.
なお、上記実施例では、都市ガス改質溶融炭酸塩型燃
料電池発電装置の場合を例示したが、天然ガス改質溶融
炭酸塩型燃料電池発電装置の場合にも同様に実施できる
ことは勿論であり、又、溶融炭酸塩型以外のものでもよ
い。In the above-described embodiment, the case of the town gas reforming molten carbonate fuel cell power generator has been exemplified. However, it is needless to say that the same can be applied to the case of the natural gas reforming molten carbonate fuel cell power generator. Alternatively, it may be other than a molten carbonate type.
［発明の効果］ 以上述べた如く、本発明の燃料電池発電装置によれ
ば、燃料ガスを燃料電池に供給するラインに設けて燃料
ガスを脱硫する脱硫器と、該脱硫器で脱硫されたガスを
改質して燃料電池のアノードの入口側に供給するように
する改質器とを備え、且つ上記燃料電池のアノードの出
口側から排出されたアノードガスを上記改質器の燃料室
に導入させるようにするラインと、空気を圧縮する圧縮
機と、該圧縮機で圧縮された空気を予熱する空気予熱器
と、該空気予熱器で予熱された空気を燃料電池のカソー
ドの入口側に供給するラインと、上記空気予熱器で予熱
された空気の一部を上記改質器の燃料室に導入させるよ
うにする分岐ラインとを備える燃料電池発電装置におい
て、上記燃料電池の出力回路に、反応に水素が関与する
二次電池を、二次電池を充電するための回路と二次電池
から放電するための回路を介して接続し、更に、上記ア
ノードへ供給するための燃料ガスの供給側と二次電池の
ガス系統とを上記脱硫器の入口側で接続して、二次電池
から水素ガスをアノードへのガス系統に供給できるよう
にすると共に、アノードからのガス排出側と二次電池の
ガス系統とを、アノードガスを改質器の燃焼室に導入す
るラインの途中で接続して、アノードガスの一部を二次
電池のガス系統に供給できるようにした構成としてある
ので、次の如き優れた効果を奏し得る。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the fuel cell power generator of the present invention, the desulfurizer provided in the line for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel cell to desulfurize the fuel gas, and the gas desulfurized by the desulfurizer Reformer for reforming the fuel cell and supplying the reformed gas to the anode side of the fuel cell, and introducing the anode gas discharged from the outlet side of the anode of the fuel cell into the fuel chamber of the reformer. A line that causes the air to be compressed, a compressor that compresses the air, an air preheater that preheats the air compressed by the compressor, and air that is preheated by the air preheater is supplied to the inlet side of the cathode of the fuel cell. And a branch line for introducing a portion of the air preheated by the air preheater into the fuel chamber of the reformer, wherein the reaction circuit Electricity involving hydrogen The pond is connected via a circuit for charging the secondary battery and a circuit for discharging from the secondary battery, and further includes a fuel gas supply side for supplying the anode and a gas system of the secondary battery. Is connected at the inlet side of the desulfurizer so that hydrogen gas can be supplied from the secondary battery to the gas system to the anode, and the gas exhaust side from the anode and the gas system of the secondary battery are connected to the anode gas. Is connected in the middle of the line for introducing into the combustion chamber of the reformer, so that a part of the anode gas can be supplied to the gas system of the secondary battery, so that the following excellent effects can be obtained. .
（ｉ） 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池発電装置の起動時に脱硫
器の触媒還元のために水素が必要となるが、この水素と
して、二次電池系で貯蔵された水素を使用できるので、
従来方式における如き水素ボンベを用いることなく起動
時の触媒還元ができる。(I) Hydrogen is required for catalytic reduction of the desulfurizer at the time of starting the molten carbonate fuel cell power generator, and as this hydrogen, hydrogen stored in the secondary battery system can be used.
The catalyst can be reduced at startup without using a hydrogen cylinder as in the conventional method.
（ii） 上記（ｉ）により二次電池系の水素が不足して
来ると、燃料電池の通常運転時に燃料電池系から二次電
池系に補給できる。(Ii) When hydrogen in the secondary battery system becomes insufficient due to the above (i), fuel can be supplied from the fuel cell system to the secondary battery system during normal operation of the fuel cell.
（iii） 燃料電池停止時等では二次電池からの放電に
より二次電池の電気的利用ができ、燃料電池停止時にお
ける非常灯の点灯、制御用機器の運転ができることにな
って全体のシステムとしての信頼性が向上する。(Iii) When the fuel cell is stopped, etc., the secondary battery can be used electrically by discharging from the secondary battery, and when the fuel cell is stopped, the emergency light can be turned on and the control equipment can be operated. Reliability is improved.
（iv） 貴金属系触媒を用いた燃焼器を備えていれば、
これに水素を投入することにより常温でも燃焼反応を起
こすことができるので、起動用ボイラ等暖機専用の機器
が不要となる。(Iv) If a combustor using a noble metal catalyst is provided,
By injecting hydrogen into this, a combustion reaction can be caused even at room temperature, so that a dedicated device for warm-up such as a startup boiler is not required.
第１図（イ）は本発明の実施例を示す溶融炭酸塩型燃料
電池発電装置の系統構成図、第１図（ロ）は燃料電池に
より二次電池を充電したり該二次電池から放電できるよ
う燃料電池の電気系統に二次電池を接続した接続系統
図、第２−ａ図、第２−ｂ図、第２−ｃ図及び第２−ｄ
図はいずれも二次電池内の物質の変動を示す図、第３図
は従来例の系統構成図である。 １……燃料電池、1a……出力回路、２……カソード、３
……アノード、3a……ライン、４……ライン、５……改
質器、７……脱硫器、10……圧縮機、13……空気予熱
器、14……ライン、15……分岐ライン、20……二次電
池、20a……充電用の回路、20b……放電用の回路、21,2
2……ライン。FIG. 1 (a) is a system configuration diagram of a molten carbonate fuel cell power generation apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is a secondary battery charged or discharged from a secondary battery by a fuel cell. Fig. 2-a, Fig. 2-b, Fig. 2-c and Fig. 2-d
Each of the figures shows a change in a substance in the secondary battery, and FIG. 3 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional example. 1 ... fuel cell, 1a ... output circuit, 2 ... cathode, 3
... Anode, 3a ... Line 4, ... Line 5, ... Reformer, 7 ... Desulfurizer, 10 ... Compressor, 13 ... Air preheater, 14 ... Line, 15 ... Branch line , 20 …… Secondary battery, 20a …… Charging circuit, 20b …… Discharging circuit, 21,2
2 ... line.
Claims (1)
けて燃料ガスを脱硫する脱硫器と、該脱硫器で脱硫され
たガスを改質して燃料電池のアノードの入口側に供給す
るようにする改質器とを備え、且つ上記燃料電池のアノ
ードの出口側から排出されたアノードガスを上記改質器
の燃料室に導入させるようにするラインと、空気を圧縮
する圧縮機と、該圧縮機で圧縮された空気を予熱する空
気予熱器と、該空気予熱器で予熱された空気を燃料電池
のカソードの入口側に供給するラインと、上記空気予熱
器で予熱された空気の一部を上記改質器の燃料室に導入
させるようにする分岐ラインとを備える燃料電池発電装
置において、上記燃料電池の出力回路に、反応に水素が
関与する二次電池を、二次電池を充電するための回路と
二次電池から放電するための回路を介して接続し、更
に、上記アノードへ供給するための燃料ガスの供給側と
二次電池のガス系統とを上記脱硫器の入口側で接続し
て、二次電池から水素ガスをアノードへのガス系統に供
給できるようにすると共に、アノードからのガス排出側
と二次電池のガス系統とを、アノードガスを改質器の燃
焼室に導入するラインの途中で接続して、アノードガス
の一部を二次電池のガス系統に供給できるようにしたこ
とを特徴とする燃料電池発電装置。A desulfurizer provided in a line for supplying a fuel gas to a fuel cell for desulfurizing the fuel gas, and a gas desulfurized by the desulfurizer is reformed and supplied to an inlet side of an anode of the fuel cell. A line for introducing anode gas discharged from the outlet side of the anode of the fuel cell into the fuel chamber of the reformer, a compressor for compressing air, An air preheater for preheating the air compressed by the compressor, a line for supplying the air preheated by the air preheater to the inlet side of the cathode of the fuel cell, and a part of the air preheated by the air preheater And a branch line for introducing the fuel into the fuel chamber of the reformer, wherein the output circuit of the fuel cell is charged with a secondary battery in which hydrogen is involved in the reaction. Circuit and discharge from secondary battery For supplying hydrogen to the anode and the gas system of the secondary battery at the inlet side of the desulfurizer. To the gas system to the anode, the gas discharge side from the anode and the gas system of the secondary battery are connected in the middle of the line for introducing the anode gas into the combustion chamber of the reformer, A fuel cell power generator, wherein a part of the anode gas can be supplied to a gas system of a secondary battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62299176A JP2595585B2 (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-11-27 | Fuel cell generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62299176A JP2595585B2 (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-11-27 | Fuel cell generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01143154A JPH01143154A (en) | 1989-06-05 |
| JP2595585B2 true JP2595585B2 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
Family
ID=17869119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62299176A Expired - Lifetime JP2595585B2 (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-11-27 | Fuel cell generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2595585B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19545186A1 (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1997-06-05 | Siemens Ag | Method for operating a high-temperature fuel cell system and high-temperature fuel cell system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5946770A (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-16 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell generating system |
| JPS6121516A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel battery power generating system |
| JPH0821412B2 (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1996-03-04 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Fuel cell power generation method |
-
1987
- 1987-11-27 JP JP62299176A patent/JP2595585B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01143154A (en) | 1989-06-05 |
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