JP2593742B2 - heat pump - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat pump,
In particular, the present invention relates to a heat pump using dichlorotrifluoroethane (hereinafter, referred to as R-123) as a working refrigerant. Here, the heat pump includes not only a heat pump in a narrow sense for producing a warm fluid, but also a refrigerator for producing a cold fluid. The term “pump” when referred to as a cooling fluid pump or a heat source fluid pump means a “pump” that is generally used when the “fluid” is a liquid, but when a fluid is a gas, the pressure of a blower or the like is used. Means a machine that lifts and transports. Naturally, in the case of a refrigerator, the cooling fluid and the heat source fluid are cooling fluids such as cooling water, respectively.
A load fluid such as cold water, and in the case of a heat pump in a narrow sense, a load fluid such as hot water and a heat source fluid such as heat source water, respectively.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, trichloromonofluoromethane (hereinafter referred to as R-11) is mainly used as a working refrigerant in a centrifugal compression type heat pump used for air conditioning of a building or the like. However, the use of this type of chlorofluorocarbon has been regulated internationally in recent years because it destroys the ozone layer in the atmospheric stratosphere. That is, the ozone layer in the atmospheric stratosphere has the function of absorbing light having a wavelength of 290 to 320 nm which is harmful to living organisms and preventing this light from reaching the ground. (Cl) decomposes and destroys this ozone. For this reason, light harmful to the above-mentioned organisms reaches the surface of the earth, so that this type of chlorofluorocarbon is regulated. A specific example of this type of chlorofluorocarbon regulation is the Protocol adopted at the Montreal Diplomacy Conference in September 1987 based on the Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer. Here, R-11, R
-113, R-12, R-114, R-115, etc. became the target of the regulation, and the production and consumption thereof were gradually reduced. Therefore, development of a heat pump using an alternative working refrigerant instead of R-11 mainly used for a centrifugal compression heat pump is urgently required. The most promising alternative working refrigerant is R-12.
There are three. Since R-123 contains a hydrogen atom in its molecular formula, it hardly destroys the ozone layer in the atmospheric stratosphere and is safe and pollution-free.

[0003]

As described above, R-1
23 contains a hydrogen atom and therefore hardly destroys the ozone layer, but contains a chlorine atom.
When 123 is released outside the aircraft, it is slight,
The ozone layer may be destroyed. (Note: R-123
ODP: The ozone depletion coefficient is 1.7 to 2% of R-11. However, the form in which R-123 is discharged outside the machine is mainly from the bleed air recovery device. That is, since R-123 has a high boiling point, air enters the machine rather than leaks out of the machine, and R-123 is also discharged from the bleed air recovery device for bleeding the air along with the released air. Is done. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump in which R-123 from the bleed air recovery device is not discharged outside the machine.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and a pressure reducing mechanism, and these devices are connected by a refrigerant path through which a working refrigerant passes. Form a refrigerant circulation path, which is below atmospheric pressure
In the heat pump provided with a bleed air collecting device for bleeding air leaking into the path , the bleed air collecting device cools and condenses the bleed refrigerant and returns it to the circulation path of the heat pump. And a refrigerant adsorbing mechanism for contacting the remaining refrigerant and air that could not be condensed with the adsorbent, adsorbing the refrigerant, and discharging the air not adsorbed out of the system, and adsorbing the refrigerant adsorbing mechanism. The heat pump is characterized in that solenoid valves are provided on the inlet side and the outlet side of the passage communicating with the agent.

The heat pump of the present invention is particularly effective when dichlorotrifluoroethane (R-123) is used as a working refrigerant.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a bleed air recovery device is provided.
Most of the refrigerant is cooled and condensed and returned to the circulation path of the heat pump, especially to the evaporator, and the remaining air phase containing a small amount of refrigerant is passed through the adsorbent to adsorb only the refrigerant therein, leaving air outside the system. since then released, without refrigerant is discharged out of the system, the solenoid valve to the refrigerant suction mechanism provided in the sky
When the air is not released out of the system, the solenoid valve is closed, so that the life of the adsorbent can be kept long.

The heat pump of the present invention comprises a compressor driven by an ordinary electric motor, a condenser cooled by a cooling fluid such as cooling water, an evaporator heated by a heat source fluid as a load fluid, and a pressure reducing mechanism. And the working refrigerant is particularly dichlorotrifluoroethane (R-12).
This is effective when 3) is used.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerator as an example of a heat pump according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat pump includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, and a decompression mechanism 4 driven by an electric motor 11, and a refrigerant path 5 through which a working refrigerant passes between these devices.
6, 7, 8 are connected to form a refrigerant circulation path. Here, the working refrigerant is composed of R-123 (dichlorotrifluoroethane).

In the above heat pump, the working refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor 1 is cooled and condensed in the condenser 2 by the cooling fluid sent through the flow passage 9 by the cooling fluid pump 12. Then, the condensed working refrigerant liquid passes through the refrigerant path 6 and is depressurized by the decompression mechanism 4 before reaching the evaporator 3. In the evaporator 3, the working refrigerant liquid is heated and evaporated by the load fluid sent through the flow path 10 by the heat source fluid pump 13, and returns to the compressor 1 again through the refrigerant path 8 in a gaseous state. Make up the cycle. On the other hand, the load fluid flowing through the flow path 10 is cooled in the evaporator 3 and supplied to a load (not shown) such as cooling or freezing. The bleeding device of the heat pump of the present invention is a portion surrounded by a chain line in the drawing. The air that has entered the heat pump is sucked from the condenser 2 through the pipe 14 by the small compressor 15 together with the R-123 gas.

The sucked gas is pressurized by a small compressor 15 serving as a pump, sent to a small condenser 17, cooled by a cooling fluid such as a cooling fluid sent by a duct 29, and cooled by R- The 123 components are condensed and return to the evaporator 3 through the refrigerant return mechanism composed of the pressure reducing mechanism 20 and the pipes 19 and 21. On the other hand, since the air and the like contained in the gas sent to the small condenser 17 do not condense in the small condenser 17, it gradually accumulates in the gas-liquid separation tank 18 and the internal pressure gradually increases. Here, since the solenoid valve 23 is configured to open when the pressure becomes equal to or higher than a certain pressure, the air in the gas-liquid separation tank 18 passes through a pipe 24 constituting a refrigerant adsorption mechanism. It is sent to the adsorbent tube 25. The adsorbent tube is filled with an adsorbent 26 such as activated carbon, NaY-type zeolite, or polymer beads. The shape of the adsorbent may be granular or fibrous. Although some air such as R-123 is contained in the air sent to the adsorbent tube 25, the air is adsorbed by the adsorbent 26 in the adsorbent tube, and only the air passes from the outlet 27 to the outside of the adsorbent tube. Released. Note that R
When -123 is used for a long period of time, it is conceivable that R-123 reacts with oil or the like to generate a substance having a boiling point lower than that of R-123. In this case, too, the adsorbent can adsorb most of the substances.

In the case of the bleed air recovery device shown in FIG.
8 and an air-cooled bleeding device having a duct 29. In this case, the air in the adsorbent tube 25 is sucked and discharged by the fan 28. Although the removal rate is somewhat inferior if the apparatus is properly designed, R-123 in the released air can be practically almost removed by using an absorbent such as oil instead of the adsorbent. In addition, in the case of this heat pump, the absorbent cylinder is replaced at the time of normal maintenance, the used absorbent cylinder is put into a regenerator installed in a refrigerant maker or the like, and heated,
Both R-123 and the absorbent are reused. That is, the absorbent tube has a cartridge shape.

Depending on the type of adsorbent, the performance often deteriorates due to indoor moisture adsorption. In this case, an electromagnetic valve 30 is provided and opens and closes in conjunction with the electromagnetic valve 23. As described above, generally, the solenoid valves 23, 3
0 is opened by a pressure switch or the like when the pressure becomes constant, but if the annual operation time is short, it may be linked with the pump 15 of the bleed air recovery device.

[0013]

As described in detail above, the heat pump according to the present invention has the following effects. (1) Since R-123 and the like are not emitted to the outside of the heat pump, there is no worry about destruction of the ozone layer. (2) Since R-123 is used as the working refrigerant, the ozone layer in the atmospheric stratosphere is hardly destroyed, and it is safe and pollution-free. (3) When the adsorbent tube is in the shape of a cartridge, R-1
23 Adsorbents can be reused, saving resources.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow configuration diagram showing an example of a heat pump of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Condenser 3 Evaporator 4 Decompression mechanism 11 Electric motor 12 Pump 13 Pump 15 Pump 17 Small condenser 18 Gas-liquid separation tank 20 Decompression mechanism 23 Electromagnetic valve 25 Adsorbent cylinder 26 Adsorbent 28 Fan 29 Duct 30 Electromagnetic valve

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-84054 (JP, A) JP-A-1-260260 (JP, A) JP-A-1-109761 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor, a condenser, comprises an evaporator and a pressure reducing mechanism, by connecting between these devices in the refrigerant path through the working refrigerant to form a refrigerant circulation path, the refrigerant passage is below atmospheric pressure
In the heat pump provided with a bleed air collecting device for bleeding air leaking into the path , the bleed air collecting device cools and condenses the bleed refrigerant and returns it to the circulation path of the heat pump. And a refrigerant adsorbing mechanism for contacting the remaining refrigerant and air that could not be condensed with the adsorbent, adsorbing the refrigerant, and discharging the air not adsorbed out of the system, and adsorbing the refrigerant adsorbing mechanism. A heat pump, wherein solenoid valves are provided on the inlet side and the outlet side of a passage communicating with the agent. 2. The heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the working refrigerant is dichlorotrifluoroethane.