JP2587090B2 - Dog clutch structure - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fixed dog piece and an axially slidable dog clutch hub provided between an input and an output shaft and engaged with each other.
Related to the structure of a dog clutch comprising a ball for restricting the axial movement of a dog clutch hub in a state of being fitted in a shaft hole, a sleeve for holding the ball in a state of being fitted in the hole, and a driving member for the sleeve. It is.

[Prior Art] The applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-162620 a fixed dog piece provided with a dog tooth which is provided between an input / output shaft and generates a thrust force, and an axially movable dog clutch hub, A dog clutch has been proposed, which includes a ball that regulates the axial movement of the dog clutch hub in a state of being fitted into the shaft hole and a sleeve that holds the ball in a state of being fitted in the hole.
The sleeve is connected to the driving member. According to the dog clutch, the thrust force of the dog teeth can cut off the input / output shaft during power transmission with a low operating force.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] When assembling such a dog clutch, particularly, after inserting a ball and a sleeve into the dog clutch hub, the shaft member is inserted into the inside, but at this time, the sleeve is held so that the ball does not come off outside. Need to be regulated.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dog clutch structure that can control the position of a sleeve by using a dog clutch hub without using a dedicated jig, thereby preventing a ball from coming off during assembly. is there.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dog piece 31 fixed to one of the input / output shafts 1, 6; A dog clutch hub 11 slidably mounted on the other of the shafts 6, and the axial movement of the dog clutch hub 11 is regulated in a state where the dog clutch hub 11 is fitted into the hole 5 provided on the other of the input / output shafts 1, 6. Ball 21, a sleeve 22 capable of holding the ball 21 fitted in the hole 5, and a driving member 41 for moving the sleeve 22 in the axial direction.
In the dog clutch 10 comprising the dog clutch hub
On the outer circumference of 11, the sleeve 22
Forming a small-diameter portion 13 for guiding the axial movement, a large-diameter portion 16 larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 22, and a step 17 between the large-diameter portion 16 and the small-diameter portion 13. 17 is sleeve 22
The ball 21 is provided at a position where the ball 21 is prevented from coming off in the abutting state.

[Operation] At the time of assembly, the position of the sleeve 22 is regulated by contacting the stepped portion 17 of the dog clutch hub 11, and the ball 21 does not come off to the outside.

Embodiment An embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is an input shaft, 6 is an output shaft, 10 is a dog clutch, and a dog clutch 10 is a dog clutch hub.
11, a regulating ball 21, a sleeve 22, a dog piece 31, a driving member 41 and the like.

A small-diameter portion 7 at the front of the output shaft 6 is relatively rotatably assembled via a bearing 8 into a recess 4 at the rear of the input shaft 1 having a flange 2 fixed to a nut 3 at the front, and a dog clutch hub 11 is mounted on the input shaft 1. It is assembled so that it can slide in the axial direction by fitting splines 12. The outer periphery of the dog clutch hub 11 is continuous with a small-diameter portion 13 at the front, a large-diameter portion 16 at the intermediate portion, and a dog tooth 18 having a larger diameter at the rear, and a step between the small-diameter portion 13 and the large-diameter portion 16.
17 are formed.

Three holes 14 are formed before and after the hub small-diameter portion 13, for example, at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
Hold the guide balls 19, and the rear holes 15 can hold the regulating balls 21. These balls 19…, 21
The inner circumference of the sleeve 22 that slides from the outer circumference side is composed of a long large-diameter portion 23 at the front, an annular projection 24 at the middle, and a short large-diameter portion 25 at the rear. On the other hand, the hub small diameter portion 13 is set smaller and the hub large diameter portion 16 is set larger.

Also, a shift fork 27 is provided in an annular groove 26 on the outer periphery of the sleeve 22.
Are engaged, and the shift fork base 28 is connected to the shift rod 45 by the pin 29.

On the other hand, the dog piece 31 is composed of two members, an outer piece 32 and an inner piece 36, and has a dog tooth 33 that meshes with the dog tooth 18 at the front of the outer piece 32. The outer piece 32 is installed on the inner piece 36 via a spline 34 fitting and a torsion damper 35 having a circumferential gap, and the inner piece 36 is serrated.
37 is fixed on the output shaft 6 by fitting and a nut 9.

Here, both dog teeth 18 and 33 are set in a tapered shape that generates a thrust force in an engaged state.

In the embodiment, the driving member 41 of the sleeve 22 is a solenoid, and the solenoid 41 includes an armature 42, a harness 43, and a movable portion 44, and the movable portion 44 is the shift rod.
A return spring 46 contacts the rear end of the fork 45 and biases the shift fork 27 rearward.

In the above, bearings 52, 53 are provided in the differential carrier 51.
The output shaft 6 is rotatably assembled via a spring 54 therebetween, and oil seals 55 and 56 are interposed in front of the output shaft 6. The solenoid 41 is provided below the output shaft 6.
Are arranged in parallel, and the differential carrier 51 below the solenoid 41
On the underside, harness cap 57 and seal leak detection bolt
58 are provided.

The input shaft 1 is rotatably assembled via a bearing 62 and an oil seal 63 at the front in a clutch case 61 which is bolted to the differential carrier 51 via a spacer member 59 from the front. The shift rod 45 is arranged below the input shaft 1 in parallel. The shift rod 45 is guided by the front wall of the clutch case 61 and is also guided by the spacer member 59 via the oil seal 64.

Further, a bolt head 66 is provided on the lower surface of the clutch case 61 below the shift rod 45 so as to project from the shift fork base 28.
A manual operation element 65 is provided for engaging the operation element 67, and a stopper 68 for locking the operation element 65 is fixed by a bolt 69 (see also FIG. 2). Further, cushion rubbers 48, 49 are provided before and after the solenoid 41.

The dog clutch 10 described above is provided in the four-wheel drive vehicle shown in FIG. 5, and for example, a propulsion shaft 73 that branches from an engine 71 to a front wheel differential (gear type differential) 72 and transmits driving force.
Are connected to the input shaft 1 by flange coupling, and a differential (viscous fluid coupling) 80 for a rear wheel is provided in the differential carrier 51.

In the four-wheel drive vehicle shown in FIG. 5, for example, when a four-wheel anti-lock brake device is combined, the dog clutch 10 is always kept connected and the front and rear wheels are driven together as shown in FIG. When the solenoid 41 is energized in conjunction with the antilock brake differential, the dog clutch 10 is disengaged and two-wheel drive with only the front wheels is performed. At the time of the switching differential, the shift rod
The sleeve 22 moves forward on the dog clutch hub 11 via the 45 and the shift fork 27. At this time, since the thrust force is generated between the fixed dog piece 31 and the dog clutch hub 11 due to the engagement of the tapered dog teeth 18, 33, the engagement of the dog teeth 18, 33 is promptly released, The dog clutch hub 11 moves forward by the thrust force. As a result, the regulating balls for the holes 5 of the input shaft 1 are formed.
21 are released.

In this way, the interruption between the input / output shafts 1 and 6 during power transmission can be performed with a low operating force enough to move the sleeve 22.

At the time of reconnection, the energization of the solenoid 41 is cut off, and the shift fork 27 is
The sleeve 22 moves rearward on the dog clutch hub 11 via the through hole, and is fitted and held in the hole 5 of the input shaft 1 again by the control ball 21 at the sleeve annular protrusion 24, and the two dogs are rotated by a tolerance rotation. The teeth 18, 33 are re-engaged. At this time, the function of the torsion damper 35 with the spline 34 fitting portion having a circumferential gap provided between the outer piece 32 and the inner piece 36 constituting the dog piece 31 reduces shock at the time of reconnection. .

Since the four-wheel drive state is established when the power supply to the solenoid 41 is cut off, when performing vehicle inspection or towing, the dog clutch 10 can be manually changed by manually changing the relationship between the operator 65 and the stopper 68 on the lower surface of the clutch case 61. And can cope with the two-wheel drive state.

 Next, the procedure for assembling the dog clutch 10 will be described.

First, the output shaft 6, the dog piece 31, the solenoid 41, the rear wheel differential device (viscous fluid coupling) 80, and the respective intervening parts and accessory parts are previously incorporated in the differential carrier 51, and the front opening thereof is raised. Then, the differential carrier 51 is held upright.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the dog teeth 18 of the dog clutch hub 11 are formed.
Is engaged with the dog teeth 33 of the dog piece 31 and is placed on the dog piece 33. In this state, the sleeve is provided on the outside of the small diameter portion 13 of the dog clutch hub 11.
Assemble 22. Then, the step portion of the dog clutch hub 11
The sleeve annular projection 24 comes into contact with 17 and stops, and the sleeve annular projection 24 is wrapped around the hole 15 of the dog clutch hub 11 from the outside. This prevents the regulating balls 21 from falling outside, and also prevents the upper guide balls 19 from falling outside at the upper part of the sleeve 22 (the inner large-diameter portion 23).

Further, grease is applied to the upper and lower holes 14, 15... Of the dog clutch hub 11, and three guide balls 19 and regulating balls 21 are respectively incorporated into the predetermined holes 14, 15. The grease viscosity prevents each ball 19 ..., 21 ... from falling inward.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the input shaft 1 is inserted into the dog clutch hub 11, and the input shaft 1 is slightly rotated while slightly raising the sleeve 22 to adjust the phase of the spline 12. The shaft 1 drops by its own weight and is connected to the output shaft 6 via the bearing 4.

After assembling the dog clutch 10 in this manner, the shift rod 45 is connected to the sleeve 22 via the shift fork 27, and the clutch case is provided together with the intervening parts and accessories.
Assemble 61.

 Thus, the assembling work is completed.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, since the position can be regulated by contacting the sleeve with the step portion of the dog clutch hub, the ball can be prevented from coming off during assembly without using a dedicated jig. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a dog clutch portion to which the structure of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a partial bottom view from the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1, FIG. The figure is a sectional view of a main part when the shaft is assembled, and FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a four-wheel drive vehicle. In the drawings, 1 is an input shaft, 5 is a regulating hole, 6 is an output shaft,
Reference numeral 10 denotes a dog clutch, 11 denotes a dog clutch hub, 13 denotes a small diameter portion, 16 denotes a large diameter portion, 17 denotes a step portion, 21 denotes a regulating ball, 22 denotes a sleeve, 31 denotes a dog piece, and 41 denotes a driving member.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A dog piece fixed to one of the input and output shafts, a dog clutch hub meshing with the dog piece and attached to the other of the input and output shafts so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and an axial movement of the dog clutch hub. Ball that is fitted in the hole provided in the other of the input and output shafts, a sleeve capable of holding the ball fitted in the hole, and moving the sleeve in the axial direction. A dog clutch comprising a driving member, a small-diameter portion smaller than the inner diameter of the sleeve and guiding the axial movement of the sleeve, a large-diameter portion larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve, and the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion on the outer periphery of the dog clutch hub. And a step between the ball and the sleeve, and the step is provided at a position for restricting the ball from coming off in the state of contact with the sleeve. Structure.