JP2582845B2 - centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an inlet for a mixture of two liquids of different densities to be separated, a separation chamber communicating with said inlet, a separation chamber. A first outlet for the separated first liquid and an outlet chamber in communication with the second portion of the separation chamber through a flow restriction opening. And a stationary member extending from a receiving location outside the rotor into the outlet chamber to form a discharge line, the discharge line comprising an outlet line. Means for opening and closing the communication or discharge line between the chamber and the receiving location outside the rotor, and a flow rate such that a limited flow of liquid exits the outlet chamber when the discharge line is closed. Centrifuge with regulated outflow channel On.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A centrifuge of this type is described in US Pat. No. 4,622,029. There is a flow restriction opening in the communication path between the rotor's separation chamber and the rotor's exit chamber, and when the discharge line is closed, there is a flow restriction that allows a limited flow of liquid to flow out of the exit chamber. The special construction of the outlet channel achieves the goal of keeping the liquid level in the outlet chamber as low as possible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to increase the ability of the above-mentioned stationary member to pump liquid from the outlet chamber to a receiving location outside the rotor, and furthermore, to increase the capacity of the outlet chamber and the receiving location. In order to prevent the stationary member from unnecessarily immersing deep into the liquid in the outlet chamber when the connection between To improve.

According to the present invention, a valve which operates intermittently so that the discharge passage for regulating the flow rate is closed when the discharge pipe is opened and communication between the outlet chamber and the receiving place outside the rotor is established. It is solved by providing.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned stationary member must have two functions: 1) keeping the liquid level in the outlet chamber as low as possible when the discharge line is closed; It is possible to optimize independently of one another the most efficient pumping of the liquid to a receiving location outside the rotor.

Within the scope of the invention, the outlet line for the flow regulation and the valve for closing it intermittently can be completely separate from the outlet line, in which case a separate shut-off valve is provided for the outlet line. Is provided. Furthermore, it is also possible for the flow-regulating outflow to start from the discharge line, again with two separate shut-off valves in each of the flow-regulated outflow and discharge lines.

However, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, only one valve is provided to perform the necessary two valve functions. In this case, the flow-regulating outlet channel starts from the outlet line, and this single valve, in the first position, provides communication between the outlet chamber and the receiving location outside the rotor and at the same time the outlet chamber. In the second position, the communication between the outlet chamber and the receiving location outside the rotor is interrupted while the communication between the outlet chamber and the flow regulating outlet is interrupted. They are to be contacted.

Preferably, the valve is located outside the rotor, and the flow-regulating outlet channel communicates with the interior of the rotor, for example, the separation chamber of the rotor, to return liquid exiting the outlet chamber.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings schematically showing preferred embodiments of the present invention.

In the drawing, the centrifuge comprises a rotor consisting of two parts 1 and 2 interconnected by a locking ring 3, the rotor being supported by a drive shaft 4.

Inside the rotor there is a slide member 5 which can move in the axial direction and come into contact with and away from the annular gasket 6. A separation chamber 7 is formed between the slide member 5 and the upper part 1 of the rotor, and between the slide member 5 and the lower part 2 of the rotor there is a chamber 8 containing a so-called working fluid.

Means 9 supplies working fluid to a space 10 provided in the lower part 2 of the rotor. From there a channel 11 leads to the chamber 8. From the outermost part in the radial direction of the chamber 8, a flow passage hole 12 with a restriction passes through the lower part 2 of the rotor to the outside of the rotor.

A set of conical separation disks 13 are arranged in the separation chamber 7. These separation disks rest on a so-called distributor 14, which has a conical plate in the lower part of the rotor.
In combination with 15, an inlet channel 16 to the separation chamber 7 is formed.

The upper portion of the distributor 14 encloses a central space in the rotor where a stationary pipe 17 for supplying a mixture of components to be separated in the rotor extends and enters.

On top of the discs 13 (only some of which are shown) in the set of separation chambers 7 is a conical upper disc 18, which is thicker than the discs 13. Also, it extends somewhat longer than the disk 13 radially outward in the separation chamber. Disk 18
Forms a flow path 19 in combination with the upper part 1 of the rotor,
The through-holes 20 are provided at a level substantially equal to the level of the outer edge of the separation disk.

In the upper part of the rotor, the upper disk 18 has two flanges 21 and 22 extending radially inward, forming a chamber 23 between the two flanges. The upper flange 22 extends somewhat inward in the radial direction than the lower flange 21. Above the upper flange 22, the upper part 1 of the rotor bears a radially inwardly extending annular flange 24 which extends radially inward somewhat longer than the lowermost flange 21. ing. There is a space 25 between the flanges 24 and 22 which communicates with the separation chamber 7 via a flow path 19.

A chamber 26 is formed between the uppermost part of the upper part 1 of the rotor and a flange 24 supported thereon, and this chamber communicates with the aforementioned space 25 through a flow regulating opening 27 in the flange 24. ing.

The aforementioned inlet pipe 17 is a pipe concentric with it
It supports a so-called paring disk 29 at its lowermost end. The pairing disk 29 is located in the aforementioned chamber.

The pipe 28 supports a pipe 30 which concentrically surrounds it, which in turn supports a pairing disk 31 at its lowermost end. The pairing disk 31 has several channels 32 (distributed around the pairing disk) which are located in the chamber 26 described above, and the channels 32 are annular channels 33. Through the discharge line 34. The discharge line 34 communicates with the inlet of a valve 35, which at its first outlet communicates with a discharge line 36,
And it is connected to the return line 37 at the second outlet. The return conduit 37 forms one flow passage communicating with the space 25 through the flow regulating opening 38.

The above-mentioned pairing disk 29 has a pairing flow path 39, and these flow paths communicate with a pipe 41 via an annular flow path 40. A detection means 42 of a conventionally known type for detecting whether or not another liquid is mixed in the liquid flowing exclusively therethrough is attached to the conduit 41.

A control device 43 is connected to the detection means 42 and the valve 35 by wires 44 and 45, respectively.

The valve 35 is a single slide valve, as shown, having a single sliding portion consisting of two parts 46 and 47. The figure shows a case where the sliding portion is in the upper position, in which case the portion 47 connects the discharge line 34 and the return line 37. When a signal is sent from the control device 43, the sliding portion moves downward and comes to a position below the sliding portion, in which case the sliding portion 46 cuts off the connection between the discharge line 34 and the return line 37. Instead, the discharge line 34 and the line 36 are communicated. Line 36 leads to a receiving location (not shown) for liquid separated in the rotor and collected in the radially outermost part of the separation chamber 7.

The centrifuge described above is used for cleaning oil, for example heavy oil, ie for separating water and solids. A mixture of these components is heated to about 100 ° C. and fed to the rotor of the centrifuge. The mixture enters through the inlet pipe 17 and from there flows into the separation chamber 7 via the channel 16.

At this stage, the chamber 8 between the slide member 5 and the lower part 2 of the rotor is filled with working water,
The slide member 5 is pressed by the gasket 6. A small amount of working water escapes from the chamber 8 via the holes 12, while the corresponding fresh working water is continuously supplied by means 9.

In the separation chamber 7, the separated oil moves to the center of the rotor and enters the chamber 23, where it is pumped by the pairing disk 29 via the channels 39 and 40 to the outlet line 41. Annular flange pointing radially inward
Since 21 forms an overflow outlet for the separated oil from the separation chamber, the liquid level in the separation chamber is determined by the position of the inner edge of the flange 21.

The separated oil also flows toward the center of the rotor in the flow path 19 between the upper disk 18 and the upper part 1 of the rotor.
The oil enters the intermediate space 25 from the channel 19, where the free liquid level occurs at the same level as in the separation chamber 7.

A certain amount of oil flows into the chamber 26 through the flow restriction opening 27 of the flange 24. From there, the oil is pumped by the pairing disk 31 via the channels 32 and 33 to the line 34 and reaches the valve 35. At the start, the sliding part of the valve 35 is in the position shown, so that the oil passes through the valve 35 into the return line 37 and from there through the opening 38 into the intermediate space 25.
Returned to. From here, the oil again flows into the chamber 26 through the opening 27. By properly sizing the openings 27 and 38, the liquid level in the chamber 26 can be maintained at a desired level radially outside the free liquid level in the space 25 during operation of the rotor.

If there were no return line or perforated flange 24, then at this stage the level of the chamber 26 would be at the same level as the level of the space 25, and thus the level of the separation chamber 7. This means that a relatively large part of the surface of
Means contact with the rotating oil in 26, and thus means that the temperature in this chamber will be inappropriately high.

After a certain period of operation, the separated water collects at the outermost part in the radial direction of the separation chamber, and if the oil-water interface in the separation chamber reaches the level A, a part of the water becomes It begins to entrain separated oil leaving via line 41.
It is detected by means 42, which sends a signal to controller 43. At this time, the control device 43 moves the valve 35 so that the discharge line 34 communicates with the line 36 for a predetermined time. During this predetermined time, the separated water passes through the flow path 19 from the separation chamber 7 by an amount until the interface between the oil and water in the separation chamber reaches level B, and furthermore, the flow rate regulation at the flange 24. Exit through opening 27.

When the sliding part of the valve 35 returns to the position shown in the figure, the water in the chamber 26, the space 25, and the flow path 19 at this time returns to the separation chamber 7, and the oil passes through the hole 20 of the upper disk 18. It flows into this space and fills up again to the level shown.

As described above, the separated water is intermittently discharged from the separation chamber 7. The fixed particles separated in the separation chamber usually need to be discharged less frequently. The discharge of the fixed particles is performed by interrupting the supply of the working water by the supply means 9 from time to time. The controller 43 determines that the oil-water interface in the separation chamber is at level A
Each time a signal is sent to the controller, e.g. four times, that has been reached, the sliding part of the valve 34 is held in the position shown and the supply of hydraulic water by means 9 is interrupted. It should just be done. When the supply of the working water is interrupted, the slide member 5 moves downward in the axial direction, and opens a gap between the slide member 5 and the gasket 6 in a slot shape. The separated solids and the desired amount of water then exit from the separation chamber 7 through this slot-shaped flow path and the port of the lower part 2 of the rotor radially outside thereof.

To determine the size of the flow restriction opening 38, the valve 35
It is possible to start from a desired size of the opening 27 and a desired liquid level in the chamber 26 when the sliding portion is in the position shown in the figure. The pressure difference created in the region of the opening 27 between the liquids on each side of the flange 24 determines the flow rate through the opening 27. In order to maintain the liquid level in the chamber 26 thus selected, a flow rate exactly equal to the flow rate through the opening 27 must flow through the opening 38.

If the device is operated with the openings 27 and 38 properly sized, the liquid level in the chamber 26 will be automatically adjusted to the desired level. That is, the device has self-control.

According to the invention, the opening 38 determined as described above
Can be relatively large without adversely affecting the ability of the pairing ring 31 to pump water to a receiving location outside the rotor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

 The drawing is a longitudinal sectional view of a centrifuge according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Upper part of rotor, 2 ... Lower part of rotor, 3 ... Locking ring, 4 ... Drive shaft, 5 ... Slide member, 7 ... Separation chamber, 8 ... Chamber, 13,18 ... Disc, 14 …… Distributor, 19 …… Flow path, 20 …… Through hole, 21,22,24 …… Flange, 27 …… Opening, 31 …… Pairing disc, 34,36 …… Discharge conduit , 35 ... valve, 37 ... return line, 41 ... line, 42 ... detection means, 43 ... control device.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An inlet for a mixture of two liquids of different densities to be separated, a separation chamber (7) communicating with said inlet, and a first part of the separation chamber (7). A first outlet for the separated first liquid (23)
And a second outlet for the separated second liquid, comprising an outlet chamber (26) communicating with a second portion of the separation chamber (7) via a flow restriction opening (27). The shaping rotor and further from the receiving location outside the rotor into the outlet chamber (26) and into the discharge line (34,3)
6) including a stationary member which opens and closes a communication or discharge line (34, 36) between the outlet chamber (26) and a receiving location outside the rotor. Centrifugal separator having a flow restricting outlet so that a limited flow of liquid flows out of the outlet chamber (26) when the outlet lines (34, 36) are closed. In, the discharge pipes (34,36) are opened and the outlet chamber (26)
A centrifugal valve characterized in that an intermittently actuated valve (35) is provided so that the flow-regulating outflow passages (37, 38) are closed when communication is established between the pump and the receiving place outside the rotor. Separator. 2. A flow-regulating outlet line (37, 38) originating from a discharge line, said valve (35) being in a first position with an outlet chamber (26) and a receiving location outside the rotor. And at the same time cut off the communication between the outlet chamber (26) and the flow-regulating outlets (37, 38), and in the second position between the outlet chamber (26) and the receiving location outside the rotor. 2. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein communication between the outlet chamber (26) and the flow-regulating outflow channels (37, 38) is interrupted at the same time. 3. The centrifuge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the valve (35) is arranged outside the rotor and the flow-regulating outlets (37, 38) communicate with the interior of the rotor. 4. The first outlet (23) communicates with a central portion of the separation chamber (7), and the first outlet (23) communicates with the outlet chamber (2).
4. Centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein 6) communicates with a peripheral portion of the separation chamber (7).