JP2582045B2 - Raising seedlings for cruciferous crops - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of raising seedlings for controlling root-knot disease which infests cruciferous vegetables and flowering crops such as cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, and nabana.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Clubroot disease is a disease that occurs only in cruciferous vegetables and flowering crops, and increases the concentration of bacteria in the soil year after year due to continuous cropping. Finally, it is a soil disease that makes cultivation of cruciferous crops impossible. Yes, causing significant economic damage.

[0003] Infection sources of the clubroot fungi are released in the soil with the disintegration of the clubbing tissue, form dormant spores that disperse, cover the thick cell membrane, dormant in the soil, and survive for several years.

[0004] The dormant spores break their dormancy when the roots of the plant are approached under suitable conditions, germinate and enter as primary zoospores from root hairs. This is called root hair infection or primary infection.

[0005] The primary zoospores invading from the root hairs divide and proliferate in the root hair cells to form zoospores, from which they are released as secondary zoospores into the soil. The released secondary zoospores enter the cortical cells and cause cortical infection,
It stimulates the tissue to induce the division and hypertrophy of the tissue cells, increasing the dormant spores therein, forming the typical gall. Therefore, it is not uncommon for the foliage to grow and become dwarf, the leaf to become pale yellow and fall from the lower leaf, and the whole plant will soon wither and die, resulting in no harvest.

[0006] In the control of clubroot disease of cruciferous crops, as a method of cultivation control, a method for preventing disease by removing diseased roots and contaminated foliage, and because the disease easily occurs in acidic soil, the pH of the soil is adjusted to 7.2 or more. Method of applying slaked lime to maintain the temperature, improving the drainage of the field and cultivating high ridges, and avoiding the season when the temperature is 18-25 ° C, which is suitable for the onset of the disease Has been adopted.

[0007] The cultivation of resistant varieties is one of the epoch-making control methods, but the existence of fungal races that invade the cultivation cannot be neglected.

[0008] As a chemical control method, a commercially available PC
NB agents and TPN agents are used as control agents,
As the bacterial density increases year by year, the amount of the applied drug increases, and the actual effect is not improved despite the high cost of the drug.

As a physical control method, disinfection by heat treatment of soil can be cited, but this method cannot be practically applied to treatment of a large area.

[0010]

As described above, clubroot disease of cruciferous vegetables and flowering crops is a soil disease mainly caused by continuous cropping failure, resulting in a decrease in product yield and deterioration in quality, and sometimes a problem in harvesting. Is one of the incurable diseases that can be completely eliminated.

In the control, not only the activity of pathogenic bacteria in the soil is suppressed by soil disinfection such as the application of chemicals as described above but also the density is reduced, and various environmental factors related to the onset of the disease are controlled. is required. However, introducing more control measures than necessary leads to excessive control and excessive investment, which is not desirable for agricultural management.

[0012] In general, it has been known that in the control of clubroot disease by chemicals, a certain amount of harvest can be secured by preventing primary infection within 2 to 3 weeks after planting.
For this reason, soil mixing with dust is performed immediately before sowing and planting assuming the duration of the drug effect, but it is not possible to obtain a sufficient effect due to conditions such as weather after treatment, Root disorders are mentioned as problems.

An object of the present invention is to prevent primary infection of a primary zoospore of a clubroot fungus from root hair and to stabilize production.

[0014]

Means and Actions for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present application have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, directly apply root-knot control treatment to roots of seedlings before planting. As a result, a high control effect was obtained, and the present invention was completed.

More specifically, the method for raising seedlings according to claim 1 is a method for raising seedlings of cruciferous crops by performing at least one of the group consisting of tray raising, paper pot raising, soil block raising, and pot raising. A root pot is formed on the root of the seedling before planting, and one or more clubroots selected from a fluazinam agent, a PCNB agent, a TPN agent and a fursulfamide agent are formed on the root of the seedling before planting forming the root pot. By performing irrigation treatment or immersion treatment with a wettable powder or a flowable agent as a controlling agent, a film of the above clubroot controlling agent is formed on the root surface. According to this method of raising seedlings, a coating of a wettable or flowable agent of a clubroot control agent (hereinafter referred to collectively as a control agent or simply a drug) formed on the surface of the root of the seedling before planting is formed. After planting in the field, it exerts a strong bactericidal action on dormant spores of clubroot to suppress its germination,
modiphorabrassicae Woron
In) prevents rapid invasion or transient infection.

In particular, roots are formed on the roots of the seedlings before the planting, and the roots forming the roots are subjected to irrigation or immersion of the controlling agent, whereby the roots are retained in the entire roots. As a result, a coating of the drug is uniformly formed on the entire root of the seedling before planting, so that a high control effect can be achieved. The method for forming the root pot on the roots of the seedlings before planting is not particularly limited, but conventionally used methods such as tray raising, paper pot raising, soil block raising, pot raising can be suitably used. .

The clubroot control agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be dissolved or dispersed in a liquid such as water so that it can be subjected to irrigation treatment or immersion treatment. , Fluazinam, PCNB
Agents, TPN agents, and flusulfamide agents are particularly suitable for use because they have excellent root-knot control effects and are easily available. In the present invention, both wettable powders and flowables can be used, but at present, fluazinam,
The wettable powders of PCNB agent and TPN agent are generally commercially available and easily available. These wettable powders are sometimes sold in powder form or in liquid form.The powder form is used by suspending it in an appropriate amount of water. Dilute to an appropriate concentration with water or the like before use.

[0018]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples.

Example 1 / Comparative Example 1 PCNB wettable powder (pentagen wettable powder 75, manufactured by Hokkai Sankyo Co., Ltd.) and fluazinam wettable powder (Fronside water) Wettable powder (made by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and TPN wettable powder (Daconyl wettable powder, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) with 500
The seedlings diluted to 1/750/1000/1500 times were subjected to irrigation treatment at 15 ml per seedling, and the treated seedlings were planted in a planter containing contaminated soil. As a comparative example, immediately before sowing in a connected nursery pot (plug tray),
PCNB powder (pentagen powder, manufactured by Sankyo Co., Ltd.) and fluazinam powder (Fronside powder, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.)
・ TPN powder (Dakosoil, manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
Each powder of the fursulfamide agent (nevidin powder, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) was mixed with the seedling culture soil at the concentration shown in Table 1 (mixing amount per liter of soil). These seedlings were planted in a planter containing contaminated soil as in the example. As yet another comparative example, seedlings sown and raised without performing irrigation or mixing were planted in a planter containing contaminated soil. In each of these test plots, the degree of onset was compared 50 days after planting. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0020]

[Table 1] .

This test was conducted at the lowest temperature of the sowing in December, and the disease was found to be fairly good. As shown in Table 1, the following facts were found.

In the powder mixed test, no clear effect was observed in any of the treatments using any of the chemicals. This is presumably because even if the control agent was mixed with the soil immediately before sowing, the agent effect was lost at the time of planting.

The irrigation test plot of the wettable powder with the pesticide had a clear controlling effect as compared with the powder-mixed plot, and a remarkable controlling effect was particularly observed in the fluazinam wettable powder-treated plot.

Example 2 / Comparative Example 2 Connected nursery pot (plug tray) of Chinese cabbage (variety: Musou)
To the seedlings, a diluent obtained by diluting fluazinam wettable powder (Fronside wettable powder, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) with water at a concentration of 500 times, 750 times, 1000 times, and 1500 times per seedling was used.
The plants treated with irrigation by 5 ml each and the untreated seedlings were planted in a planter containing contaminated soil, and the effect of controlling the occurrence of clubroot was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the results.

[0025]

[Table 2] .

As can be seen from Table 2, the fluazinam wettable powder-treated group, especially 500-fold / 750, was compared with the untreated group.
A remarkable control effect was observed in the double-diluted treatment. In addition, as for the condition of the occurrence of root gallings in the treatment section, only one to a few small ones occurred only in the portion protruding from the root pot where the drug was present.

Example 3 / Comparative Example 3 Broccoli (variety: Endeavor) seedling pots (plug trays) were seeded with a 1000-fold solution of fluazinam wettable powder (Fronside wettable powder, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) on the bottom surface. Planted treated seedlings and untreated seedlings that were sucked into the whole pot more, in the diseased field,
160 days after planting, the control effect of clubroot was examined. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0028]

[Table 3] .

[0029]

[Table 4] .

As shown in Table 3, fluazinam wettable powder 10
The treated seedlings sucked from the bottom with the 00-fold liquid had a large difference in the degree of root knot development (incidence strain rate B) even though the disease incidence (incidence strain rate A) was the same as compared with the untreated seedlings. Most of the galls generated in the treated plots occurred on the lateral roots protruding from the root pot where the drug was present.

In the crop survey, 10 plants were sampled every other plant, and flower bud weight (g), flower bud length (cm), and stem diameter (cm)
Was measured. As shown in Table 4, the flower bud weight of the treated group was 1.9 on average compared to the untreated group.
And the size (major axis) of the flower bud was 1.4 times on average. This demonstrates that if primary infection is prevented and initial infection is delayed, a good harvest can be obtained even if there are some clubbing on the lateral roots.

[0032] As described above, the present invention can significantly suppress the occurrence of clubroot and stabilize the quality and yield of crops in the cultivation of brassica vegetables and flowering crops in areas where the clubroot is frequent. It is an effective seedling raising method.

[0033]

According to the method for raising seedlings of the present invention, the primary zoospores of the clubroot fungus prevent primary infection from invading the root hair to control the clubroot, which is far more effective than the conventional method. Quality and yield can be stabilized. Further, according to this method, as compared with the method of mixing the chemical with the soil, the chemical can be effectively used without waste, so that the cost required for control can be reduced.

In particular, by forming the root mortar, the drug is held in the root mortar, and the coating of the drug is formed evenly on the whole root, so that it is more effective and efficient as compared with the case where the root mortar is not formed. Can control clubroot disease.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical indication A01N 43/40 101 A01N 43/40 101J (72) Inventor Hiroshi Shiomi 1360, Kosai-cho, Koga-cho, Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture Address Takii Seed and Seed Co., Ltd. Research Farm (72) Inventor Kazuo Kosugi 1360, Kosai-cho, Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture, Japan Inside of TS Plant Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-3-227904 (JP, A) JP-A-60-54305 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for raising seedlings of cruciferous crops, comprising raising seedlings in trays, raising seedlings in paper pots, and raising soil blocks.
One or more of the group consisting of
A root pot is formed on the root of the seedling before planting by planting, and the root of the seedling before planting forming the root pot is fluazina.
Agent, PCNB agent, TPN agent and fursulfamide agent
Forming a film of the clubroot-controlling agent on the surface of the root by performing irrigation treatment or immersion treatment with at least one wettable powder or a flowable agent selected from the clubroot-controlling agent selected from the group consisting of: Seedling raising method.