CN113016796A - Agricultural composition containing triacontanol and application thereof - Google Patents

Agricultural composition containing triacontanol and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113016796A
CN113016796A CN202110287631.6A CN202110287631A CN113016796A CN 113016796 A CN113016796 A CN 113016796A CN 202110287631 A CN202110287631 A CN 202110287631A CN 113016796 A CN113016796 A CN 113016796A
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triacontanol
active component
composition
zineb
diseases
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骞天佑
许中怀
张超
何方建
荆志强
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Weinan Dongwang Nonghua Biotechnology Co ltd
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Weinan Dongwang Nonghua Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A01N59/20—Copper

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides an agricultural composition containing triacontanol, which comprises an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is triacontanol, and the active component B is one or the combination of copper oxychloride and zineb. The active components are verified to have a certain synergistic effect in compounding, and the composition has good control effects on cucumber mosaic virus diseases, tobacco mosaic virus diseases, kiwi canker, rice false smut, asparagus stem blight, apple bacterial wilt and the like in a certain proportion range. The agricultural composition provided by the invention can prevent and treat plant viral diseases, bacterial diseases and fungal diseases, and has the characteristics of small dosage, high pesticide effect and wide application range.

Description

Agricultural composition containing triacontanol and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural compositions, relates to an agricultural composition containing triacontanol, and particularly relates to an agricultural composition containing triacontanol and application thereof.
Background
Crop diseases are mainly divided into fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and viral diseases. Viruses are composed of a protein capsid and its encapsulated genetic material, a very specific life form. Plant viruses cause abnormal metabolism of plant bodies by introducing their own genetic materials into plant cells, resulting in the occurrence of plant viral diseases. At present, chemical control still plays an important role in the comprehensive treatment of plant virus diseases.
Triacontanol (TAL) is a natural long carbon chain plant growth regulator, is a natural biological product purified and extracted from bee wax, and has no harm to human and livestock, no side effect and no environmental pollution. And has the effects of promoting rooting, germination, flowering, stem and leaf growth and precocity. When used in the early stage of crop growth, the fertilizer can raise germination rate, improve seedling quality and raise effective tillering. When used in the middle and later period of plant growth, the said fertilizer can increase the number of flower buds, fruit setting rate and thousand seed weight. The method is used for culturing various crops such as rice, corn, sorghum, cotton, soybean, tobacco, beet, sugarcane, peanut, vegetable, fruit tree, flower and the like and kelp.
Copper oxychloride (copper oxychloride), basic copper chloride and copper hydroxide are inorganic copper protective bactericides, and are the minimum harm agents in copper preparations and traditional Chinese medicines. After the pesticide composition is applied, the protease of the pathogenic bacteria is quickly destroyed to cause the death of the pathogenic bacteria, a layer of protective film can be formed on the surface of the plant, the plant is not easy to be washed by rainwater, and the pesticide composition has the advantages of good safety performance, high curative effect and no resistance, but has short residual life and narrow control range, thereby greatly limiting the application of the pesticide composition in the field of pesticides.
Zineb (English name: zineb) is an organic sulfur bactericide, and can be used for preventing and treating various diseases of crops such as rice, wheat, vegetables, grapes, fruit trees, tobacco and the like, such as wheat rust, corn leaf blight, tea brown spot, tobacco damping off, anthracnose, wild disease, peanut brown spot, potato epidemic disease and the like.
As known to those skilled in the art, the single component has small control range, poor drug effect and easy generation of resistance. The compound use of a plurality of components can effectively improve the pesticide effect and the application range of the pesticide and reduce the resistance of crops to the pesticide, and the method becomes one of the leading trends in the field of the pesticide at present. For example, patent CN200510048707.0 discloses a microemulsion prepared by compounding triacontanol and copper salt and a preparation method thereof, wherein the microemulsion prepared by compounding triacontanol and copper sulfate has the dual effects of plant growth regulation and virus disease prevention and treatment, and has the characteristics of small dosage, high drug effect and good dispersibility. Patent CN201410445522.2 discloses a compound bactericidal composition containing copper oxychloride, which mixes copper oxychloride with validamycin and polyoxin for use and also has a good synergistic effect.
Based on the prior technical thought, the inventor carries out deep experimental research on triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb, and finds that the composition compounded by the components has excellent control effect on crop diseases. And the composition is not found in the known literature, it is difficult for one of ordinary skill in the art to know what beneficial effects the composition will produce when applied to crops.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of crop yield reduction caused by plant diseases and provide an agricultural composition for preventing and treating the plant diseases.
The invention also aims to solve the problems of single use of the bactericide, short duration and small use range, and provides an agricultural composition prepared by mixing triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb, which is used for preventing and treating various crop diseases.
In view of the above object, the present invention provides an agricultural composition containing triacontanol, which comprises an active component a and an active component B, wherein the active component a is triacontanol, and the active component B is one or a combination of two of copper oxychloride and zineb.
One of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the combined use or combination of multiple pesticides is one of the leading trends in the agrochemical market in order to improve the efficacy of agricultural compositions and avoid the development of resistance in plants due to repeated application of pesticides, but it is unpredictable whether synergistic effects can be produced between the active ingredients of the pesticides in the case of unknown mechanism or mechanism of each component in the agricultural composition. Through deep experimental research, the agricultural composition shows excellent control effects on cucumber mosaic virus diseases, tobacco mosaic virus diseases, kiwifruit canker, rice false smut, asparagus stem blight and apple bacterial blight according to comprehensive effect evaluation shown in field tests.
Further, the agricultural composition containing triacontanol provided by the invention is characterized in that the active component A is triacontanol, the active component B is copper oxychloride, and the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the copper oxychloride in the composition is 30: 1-1: 20; preferably, the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the copper oxychloride in the composition is 10: 1-1: 5.
Further, the agricultural composition containing triacontanol provided by the invention comprises an active component A which is triacontanol, an active component B which is zineb, wherein the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the zineb in the composition is 20: 1-1: 10; preferably, the mass ratio of the triacontanol and the zineb in the composition is 5: 1-1: 1.
Further, the agricultural composition containing triacontanol provided by the invention is characterized in that the active component A is triacontanol, the active component B is a combination of copper oxychloride and zineb, and the mass ratio of the active component A to the active component B in the composition is 50: 1-1: 30; preferably, the mass ratio of the active component A to the active component B in the composition is 10: 1-1: 10.
Further, the mass ratio of the copper oxychloride to the zineb in the active component B is 10: 1-1: 10; preferably, the mass ratio of the copper oxychloride to the zineb in the active component B is 3: 1-1: 3.
According to the actual application requirement, the composition can be prepared into one of dosage forms such as an aqueous emulsion, a microemulsion, a suspending agent, wettable powder, water dispersible granules and the like according to a method known by a person skilled in the art. The composition also contains an auxiliary agent required for preparing a pesticide preparation, wherein the auxiliary agent can be one or a mixture of a plurality of solvents, emulsifiers, co-emulsifiers, wetting agents, stabilizers, dispersing agents, thickening agents, pH regulators, defoaming agents, antifreezing agents, fillers and the like. The adjuvants of the present invention may be any known ones, such as various adjuvants commonly used in pesticide preparations, and may be varied according to circumstances, and are not particularly limited.
The invention also provides application of the agricultural composition in preventing and treating crop diseases. As mentioned above, in a proper dosage proportion range, the composition has good control effects on cucumber mosaic virus disease, tobacco mosaic virus disease, kiwifruit canker, rice false smut, asparagus stem blight, kiwifruit tree canker, apple bacterial wilt and the like. The agricultural composition and the preparation thereof have various application modes, the invention is not particularly limited, and one or a combination of various application modes such as spraying, root irrigation, root soaking, seed soaking, broadcasting, furrow application, hole application and the like can be adopted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
the invention provides an agricultural composition containing triacontanol, which comprises an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is triacontanol, and the active component B is one or the combination of copper oxychloride and zineb. The tests of the inventor prove that the active components have a synergistic effect when used in a compounding manner, and the composition has good control effects on cucumber mosaic virus diseases, tobacco mosaic virus diseases, kiwifruit canker, rice false smut, asparagus stem blight, apple bacterial wilt and the like within a certain proportion range, so that the agricultural composition provided by the invention can control various diseases such as plant virus diseases, plant bacterial diseases, plant fungal diseases and the like, and has the characteristics of small using amount, high pesticide effect and wide use range.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
Formulation example 1
This example provides the preparation of a 30% copper triacontanol suspension.
The suspending agent comprises, by mass, 15 parts of triacontanol, 15 parts of copper oxychloride, 5 parts of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 3 parts of lignosulfonate, 20 parts of dibutyl phthalate, 0.5 part of butanol, 0.8 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 40.7 parts of sterile water per 100 parts of triacontanol and copper oxychloride suspending agent.
Weighing the components according to the mass parts, adding triacontanol, copper oxychloride, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, lignosulfonate, butanol and polyvinyl alcohol into a frosted kettle, grinding to a certain fineness, transferring the materials into a stirring kettle, adding the rest dibutyl phthalate and sterile water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the 30% triacontanol and copper oxychloride suspending agent.
Formulation example 2
This example provides the preparation of a 30% triacontanol-zineb suspension.
Every 100 parts of triacontanol-zineb suspending agent comprises 25 parts of triacontanol, 5 parts of zineb, 400#3.8 parts of agricultural milk, 3.5 parts of polycarboxylate, 15 parts of ethyl acetate, 0.2 part of butanol, 0.5 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 47 parts of sterile water in parts by mass.
Weighing each component according to the mass parts, adding triacontanol, zineb, agricultural emulsifier 400#, polycarboxylate, butanol and polyvinyl alcohol into a frosted kettle, grinding to a certain fineness, transferring the materials into a stirring kettle, adding the rest ethyl acetate and sterile water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the 30% triacontanol-zineb suspending agent.
Formulation example 3
This example provides the preparation of a 30% triacontanol copper oxychloride zineb suspension.
Every 100 parts of triacontanol-zineb suspending agent comprises 15 parts of triacontanol, 5 parts of copper oxychloride, 10 parts of zineb, 600#4.5 parts of agricultural milk, 2.5 parts of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 20 parts of dimethyl phthalate, 0.5 part of octanol, 0.3 part of white carbon black and 42.2 parts of sterile water in parts by mass.
Weighing the components according to the mass parts, adding triacontanol, copper oxychloride, zineb, agricultural milk 600, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, octanol and white carbon black into a frosted kettle, grinding to a certain fineness, transferring the materials into a stirring kettle, adding the rest dimethyl phthalate and sterile water, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the 30% triacontanol-copper oxychloride-zineb suspending agent.
Example 4
This example performs an in-house bacteriostasis test of the triacontanol-containing agricultural composition. The test is carried out in an important laboratory for monitoring, safety prevention and control of agricultural and forestry pests in colleges and universities in Uygur autonomous region in Xinjiang.
The test agent was a 30% suspension containing triacontanol and copper oxychloride, and the preparation method was the same as in example 1, and the mass ratio of triacontanol and copper oxychloride in the composition is shown in table 1. The test control treatment agents are 30% of copper oxychloride suspending agent and 30% of triacontanol suspending agent, in order to achieve better comparison effect, the required auxiliary agents and the preparation method are the same as those in example 1, and clear water is used as a blank control to carry out the test.
The pathogenic bacterial strain used in the test is pseudomonas syringae pathopoiesia XY-5-1 bacterial strain which is separated from a diseased branch sample collected from an apple orchard in Xinyuan county of Yili, Xinjiang, and the pathogenicity is determined to be a strong pathogenic bacterial strain. And (3) culturing and activating the strain in a sucrose culture medium, and selecting a single colony for shake culture for 12 hours to obtain a bacterial suspension as an inoculation liquid.
Collecting young and tender branches of healthy apples (variety is 'Huangtaiping') which are grown in the current year. Pruning the branches into stem sections of about 30cm, soaking the stem sections in 75% alcohol for 30s, and washing the stem sections with sterile water for 3-4 times. The treated branches are inserted into a triangular flask (1/3 length) filled with 0.1% NaCl solution, and the test agent is diluted 1000 times and then uniformly smeared on the parts above the water surface of the branches. Cutting a wound of about 5mm at the axilla position 5cm away from the top of the branch after 24h with a sterile scalpel, and cutting sterilized absorbent cotton piece (about 2 cm)2) 2mL of bacterial liquid is dipped and stuck on the wound part, and then a preservative film is used for wrapping and moisturizing. Each treatment was inoculated with 10 shootsStrip, 3 replicates, inoculated with sterile water as a negative control. The inoculated branches are placed in a climatic chamber with the temperature of 28 ℃, the relative humidity of 75 percent and the illumination of 12 hours. And after 48h, removing the absorbent cotton, observing the initial time of the occurrence of the disease spots starting on the 3 rd day after inoculation, recording the number of diseased branches after 7 days, measuring the length of the disease spots of the branches, and counting the disease incidence, disease index and prevention and treatment effect. Each treatment was repeated 3 times and the data reported in table 1.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002981145390000081
Figure RE-GDA0003074072990000082
Figure BDA0002981145390000083
wherein the disease grading standard of the isolated branch inoculated with the apple bacterial blight is as follows:
grade 0, no speckled branch, normal leaf;
i, the length of the lesion of the branch accounts for 1 to 5 percent of the length of the inoculated branch;
II, the length of the lesion of the branch accounts for 6 to 15 percent of the length of the inoculated branch;
grade III, the length of the lesion of the branch accounts for 16 to 30 percent of the length of the inoculated branch;
v grade, the length of the lesion of the branch accounts for 31% -50% of the length of the inoculated branch;
and in the IX grade, the length of the lesion of the branch accounts for more than 51 percent of the length of the inoculated branch.
TABLE 1, 30% indoor bacteriostasis test of suspension containing triacontanol and copper oxychloride
Figure BDA0002981145390000084
Figure BDA0002981145390000091
As can be known from the data in the table 1, the single dose and the compound dose of triacontanol and copper oxychloride have better inhibiting effect on pathogenic bacteria of apple bacterial wilt disease. When the compound ratio of the triacontanol and the copper oxychloride is 30: 1-1: 20, the control effect of the compound is obviously better than that of a single agent, and the compound use of the triacontanol and the copper oxychloride has a synergistic effect. Preferably, when the compounding ratio of the triacontanol to the copper oxychloride is 10: 1-1: 5, the prevention and treatment effect is greater than 96.7%, and the effect is optimal.
Example 5
This example explores the effect of the triacontanol containing agricultural compositions on the control of false smut in rice.
The test is carried out in a certain late rice field in Chua Dian area of Wuhan city, Hubei province, the soil type of the test field is tidal soil, and the soil fertility is moderate. The test field has flat vigor, convenient irrigation and drainage, uniform and consistent fertility level, and the false smut occurs all the year round. The test rice variety is 'Jiayou No. 2'.
The test agent is 30% triacontanol-zineb suspending agent described in example 2 of the present invention, the mass ratio of triacontanol and copper oxychloride in the composition is shown in table 2, and the other auxiliary agents and the preparation method are the same as those in example 2. The test control treatment agents are 30% of triacontanol suspending agent and 30% of zineb suspending agent, in order to achieve better comparison effect, the required auxiliary agents and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 2, and clear water is used as a blank control to carry out the test.
Conventionally raising seedlings, selecting rice seedlings with consistent growth vigor for transplanting, and then carrying out unified normal water and fertilizer management. 3d before the opening of the rice, the test medicament is mixed with water and sprayed to the leaf surface by using a knapsack compression sprayer, and the application amount is 60g a.i/667m230m per cell processed2. And spraying for the second time to each cell in the full heading period of the rice, wherein the method is the same as the above method, and clear water is used as a blank control.
Surveying 5 days before harvesting rice by adopting a parallel line sampling method, searching 50 clusters of rice in each cell, recording the number of clusters of diseases, and calculating the cluster disease rate; then, 10 spots were randomly sampled from each cell in the survey of the disease rate, 1 colony was taken at each spot, the total number of plants and the number of plants with diseases were recorded, and the disease rate was calculated. The average cluster disease rate and the plant disease rate of each treatment are compared with blank control, the cluster control effect and the plant control effect are calculated, and the result data are recorded in table 2.
TABLE 2 prevention and control effect of agricultural composition containing triacontanol and zineb on rice false smut
Figure BDA0002981145390000101
As can be seen from the group control effect and the plant control effect in the table 2, when the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the zineb is 20: 1-1: 10, the agricultural composition containing the triacontanol and the zineb has an obvious control effect on the rice false smut, is obviously superior to the single-dose use effect, and shows that the compounded use of the triacontanol and the zineb has a synergistic effect. Preferably, when the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the dyson zinc is 5: 1-1: 1, the control effect is more remarkable. In addition, as can be seen from the thousand kernel weight of rice, the composition of the present invention contributes to the improvement of rice yield to some extent.
Example 6
The experiment explores the control effect of the triacontanol-containing agricultural composition on the stem blight of asparagus.
The test is carried out in asparagus planting bases of high old families and towns in single county of lotus and city in Shandong province, the asparagus to be tested are perennial root asparagus with the plant spacing of 35cm, the garden is cleared once every year in winter and sunstroke, and water and fertilizer are normally managed.
The test medicament is a suspending agent containing triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb, the mass ratio of the triacontanol, the copper oxychloride and the zineb in the composition is shown in table 3, and other auxiliary aids and the preparation method are the same as those in the example 3. The test control treatment agents comprise 30% of triacontanol suspending agent, 30% of copper oxychloride suspending agent and 30% of zineb suspending agent, in order to achieve better comparison effect, the required auxiliary agents and the preparation method are the same as those in example 3, clear water is used as a blank control, the test is carried out, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times.
The asparagus is planted by adopting a conventional planting method, the asparagus stock plant and the tender bamboo shoots in the whole garden are firstly pulled out and cleaned out of the field for centralized burning two days before the test, the two sides of the perennial roots of the asparagus are ditched, the roots are exposed for two days, the two ditches and the perennial roots of the asparagus are sprayed with 800 times of solution of 40 percent phoxim missible oil for preventing and controlling underground pests, and simultaneously, the soil is covered and ridges are closed after the farmyard manure is applied to the ditches. The test is carried out for 4 times, the asparagus is sprayed during the insolation of the roots of the asparagus for the first time, and soil is covered and ridges are combined after the asparagus is applied; after 2d, the new bamboo shoots are broken and exposed to the tip, and the new bamboo shoots and the ridge surfaces are sprayed for pesticide application; 4d, spraying the new bamboo shoots and the ridge surfaces for the third time; the fourth time is that the new mother plants and the new bamboo shoots are sprayed and applied at the 10 th day after ridge combination, the application amount is the same each time, 1000 times of liquid of the test medicament is used for each 667m2Spraying 50 kg.
Fixing 50 asparagus at random in each cell, marking, investigating once before and 7d after the fourth administration, recording the number of diseased plants and the disease degree, and calculating disease index and prevention effect.
The disease grading standard is as follows:
grade 0, no scab;
grade 1, each plant has less than 2 scabs;
grade 3, each plant has 3-5 scabs;
grade 5, 6-8 spots are formed on each plant;
grade 7, each plant has more than 9 scabs;
grade 9, the plant died.
Figure RE-GDA0003074072990000121
Figure BDA0002981145390000122
TABLE 3 control of Phosphatidylcholine, copper oxychloride, zineb suspension at 30% on Phosphatidyl blight of Asparagus officinalis
Figure BDA0002981145390000123
Figure BDA0002981145390000131
Note: component A is triacontanol, component B is copper oxychloride (B)1) And zineb (B)2) Combination of (A) and (B)1And B2The mass ratio in component B is 1: 1.
Table 3 shows that the composition containing triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb has good control effect on the stem blight of asparagus in a certain mixture ratio range. In particular, when B1And B2When the mass ratio of the component B is 1:1 and the mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the composition is 10: 1-1: 10, the control effect is optimal. In addition, when triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb are used as single agents, the second investigation finds that the stem blight of asparagus is more serious (reflected in that the disease index is increased and the control effect is reduced) than the previous one, which indicates that the single agent is used for poor long-term control effect. When the three are compounded and used, the disease index is slightly reduced by the second investigation, which shows that the composition provided by the invention has obvious long-term prevention effect on the stem blight of asparagus.
Example 7
The test explores the control effect of the composition containing triacontanol on cucumber mosaic virus.
The cucumber variety to be tested is "Jinyou No. 2", and the test is carried out in Togyang town of Beiyang region in Chongqing city, and the test has the advantages of flat terrain, sandy soil, moderate fertility and better field management level.
The test chemical was a 30% triacontanol copper oxychloride and zineb suspension concentrate described in example 3, the mass ratio of triacontanol and copper oxychloride and zineb in the composition was as shown in table 4, and the other auxiliary agents and the preparation method were the same as in example 3. The test was performed with a blank of clear water, repeated 3 times per treatment.
The test is carried out in 2019 in 3-6 months, and the front and back sides of the leaves are respectively sprayed by using a knapsack sprayer before and 15 days after the transplanting of the cucumber seedlingsUniformly spraying the above medicinal preparation on the surface, wherein each treatment district is 30m2Protection rows are set between the cells, and then conventional cultivation management is performed. And respectively randomly selecting 20 cucumber plants in 15 th and 30 th communities after the second application, observing the leaf state and the growth condition of the cucumber plants, recording the number of plants with diseases and the disease degree, calculating the disease index and the control effect, and recording result data in a table 4.
The individual disease grading standard is as follows:
grade 0, no disease of the whole plant;
grade 1, the leaves have a few of green fading spots or heart leaf bright veins;
3-stage, middle and upper leaf;
grade 5, the middle and upper leaves are heavy, and few leaves are shriveled or deformed;
7-grade, most leaves are heavy, and some leaves are shriveled, deformed or have necrotic spots, and the plants are slightly dwarfed;
grade 9, most leaves have flowered leaves, malformation or necrotic spots, and plants are obviously dwarfed and even die.
The morbidity, disease index and prevention and treatment effect are the same as those calculated in the above embodiment.
TABLE 4 prevention and treatment of cucumber mosaic virus disease by triacontanol containing compositions
Figure BDA0002981145390000141
Figure BDA0002981145390000151
Note: component A is triacontanol, component B is copper oxychloride (B)1) And zineb (B)2) The mass ratio of the component A to the component B in the composition is 1: 1.
The data in table 4 show that the composition containing triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb has good control effect on cucumber mosaic virus in a certain proportion range. In particular, when component A and component B are present in the compositionThe mass ratio of the components is 1:1, B1And B2The mass ratio of the component B is 3: 1-1: 3, and the control effect is optimal. The investigation result of 30d after the second pesticide application shows that the composition still has good control effect on cucumber mosaic virus diseases, the comprehensive control effect is more than 80%, and the control effect is still more than 90% in the preferable proportioning range, which indicates that the composition has excellent long-term control effect on the cucumber mosaic virus diseases.
Example 8
This example provides a field trial of the efficacy of the triacontanol containing agricultural composition on the control of tobacco mosaic virus disease. The test site is selected in Dalongtan countryside of Yunnan province, and Yunyan 85 self-bred in benevolence and tobacco seedling raising bases in district is taken as a test object.
The test agents used in this example were the agents described in examples 1 to 3, and the test control treatment agent was a commercially available 40% clofibrate soluble powder. Each medicament is provided with 800 times, 1000 times and 1200 times of application concentration gradient.
Transplanting the tobacco to be tested, and strictly forbidding transplanting the tobacco seedlings carrying diseases and pests into the field, particularly the tobacco seedlings with mosaic virus diseases. After planting, the above formula is used for preventing and treating, clear water is used as a blank control, and the pesticide is applied once every 15 days until the tobacco is mature. 30m per treatment zone2The treatment intervals were isolated from each other and each treatment was repeated 3 times.
The tobacco mosaic virus disease plant rate is investigated by adopting a 5-point sampling method in the agglomeration stage and the mature stage of tobacco respectively, 25 plants are sampled in each point, and the result data is recorded in a table 2.
TABLE 5 control of tobacco mosaic virus disease by triacontanol containing agricultural compositions
Figure BDA0002981145390000161
As can be seen from the data in Table 5, the composition containing triacontanol, copper oxychloride and zineb can significantly reduce the disease rate in the growing period of tobacco. Compared with the existing medicament Kedubao, the composition provided by the invention has better prevention and treatment effects on tobacco mosaic virus diseases.
Example 9
The experiment explores the control effect of the composition containing triacontanol on kiwifruit canker. The test site is in the orchard of the rural scientific and technological development center in Shaanxi province from the week of Shaanxi province to the county of Shaanxi province, the tree age is 10 years, and the test variety is 'Hawode'.
The test chemical used in this test was the chemical described in examples 1 to 3, and the test control treatment chemical was 50% garrinone wettable powder (manufactured by hokken chemical industries, ltd. japan). The test selects a spraying mode to investigate the contrast effect of the pesticide and the garrinone wettable powder provided by the invention.
The test is carried out in 2019 spring, when the new leaves of the kiwi fruit trees are completely unfolded, the agent is sprayed by a knapsack sprayer at the spraying concentration of 1000 times, and then the agent is sprayed once every 20 days and continuously sprayed for 4 times, wherein the average spraying liquid amount of each kiwi fruit tree is 0.5kg, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times when each treatment is carried out on 25 kiwi fruit trees.
The growth conditions of kiwi plants are investigated before and after 40 days of the last pesticide application, the number of diseased kiwi plants per treated kiwi tree is recorded, the control effect is calculated, and the result records are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker with triacontanol containing compositions
Figure BDA0002981145390000171
Figure BDA0002981145390000181
The garrinone is a bactericide with protection and treatment effects, and has excellent control effects on fungal diseases and bacterial diseases of fruit trees and vegetables. According to the test of the inventor, the data in the table 6 show that the control effect of garinong on kiwifruit canker by adopting a spraying mode is 83.4%, while the control effect of the composition provided by the invention on kiwifruit canker is more than 91%.
The results of the tests show that the composition provided by the invention has obvious effects of preventing and treating plant virus diseases (such as cucumber mosaic virus disease, tobacco mosaic virus disease and the like), fungal diseases (such as rice false smut, asparagus stem blight and the like) and bacterial diseases (such as kiwifruit canker and the like).
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made to the technical scheme of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An agricultural composition containing triacontanol, which is characterized by comprising an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is triacontanol, and the active component B is one or the combination of two of copper oxychloride and zineb.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the active component A is triacontanol, the active component B is copper oxychloride, and the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the copper oxychloride in the composition is 30: 1-1: 20; preferably, the mass ratio of the triacontanol and the copper oxychloride in the composition is 10: 1-1: 5.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the active component A is triacontanol, the active component B is zineb, and the mass ratio of the triacontanol to the zineb in the composition is 20: 1-1: 10; preferably, the mass ratio of the triacontanol and the zineb in the composition is 5: 1-1: 1.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the active component A is triacontanol, the active component B is a combination of copper oxychloride and zineb, and the mass ratio of the active component A to the active component B in the composition is 50: 1-1: 30; preferably, the mass ratio of the active component A to the active component B in the composition is 10: 1-1: 10.
5. The composition according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the copper oxychloride and the zineb in the active component B is 10: 1-1: 10; preferably, the mass ratio of the copper oxychloride to the zineb in the active component B is 3: 1-1: 3.
6. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for controlling plant diseases.
7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that the composition is used for controlling plant viral diseases, plant fungal diseases, plant bacterial diseases.
8. The use of claim 6, wherein the plant disease comprises cucumber mosaic virus disease, tobacco mosaic virus disease, kiwifruit canker, rice false smut, asparagus stem blight, apple bacterial wilt disease.
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