JP2579763Y2 - Classifier - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

This invention relates to a classifier, and in particular,
The present invention relates to an airflow classifier that separates and sorts particles constituting a raw material according to the size and weight of the raw material by applying an airflow to a supplied granular material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when classifying powders having various sizes, a centrifugal force is applied to the powders and granules by applying an air current. It is common practice to separate and classify the powders and granules according to their size and weight, but at the stage where the powders are the raw material, the powders are usually so-called secondary aggregates. Therefore, it is important to disperse the granular material into the primary particles as a pretreatment.

However, at present, the inadequate dispersing process does not make it possible to obtain a target product, leading to a reduction in efficiency.

Further, in the conventional classifier, when a powder or a granular material is thrown into a centrifugal field where an air current is acting, the powder or a particle may become a resistance and cause a disturbance in the air flow. . As described above, when the air flow forming the centrifugal field becomes turbulent, a predetermined centrifugal force is not applied to the powders to be charged, so that the classification accuracy is reduced.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and has an object to provide a classifier capable of improving classification efficiency and classification accuracy.

[0006]

According to the present invention, as a first solution, a raw material to be classified is supplied to a rigid cylindrical body in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. A raw material supply device, a gas supply device having a vane that ejects gas into the main body and guides the gas in a tangential direction of the main body, and a classification plate provided inside the main body to form a classification chamber. And a discharge pipe that opens downward, wherein the raw material supplied from the raw material supply device is classified in a classification chamber by the action of a gas stream, and then discharged as a product from the discharge pipe. A raw material introduction pipe is connected between the raw material supply device and the main body, and an opening on the main body side of the raw material introduction pipe is opened at a position where the vane is located. . Further, as a second invention including the first invention, in the raw material supply device, the raw material supply nozzle and the opening are expanded outward, and the opening faces the opening of the raw material supply nozzle. A dispersion nozzle provided slightly apart in a state,
A gas reservoir for supplying high-pressure gas is formed while sealing the space between the dispersion nozzle and the material supply nozzle, and the dispersion nozzle is connected to the material introduction pipe to communicate therewith. Things.

[0007]

[Function] This invention adopts the above-mentioned means,
After the raw material supplied from the raw material supply device is introduced into the classification chamber inside the main body through the raw material introduction pipe, centrifugal force is applied by the action of the gas flow ejected from the gas supply device. As a result, of the constituents of the raw material, large particles and heavy particles are separated to the outside, and small particles and light particles are separated to the inside, and are discharged as products from the discharge pipe in that state.

At this time, the raw material introduced into the classifying chamber through the raw material introduction pipe is made to be able to suitably act on the gas flow.

That is, since the raw material introduction pipe connecting the raw material supply device and the main body has an opening on the main body side at the position where the vane is located, the raw material introduced from the raw material introduction pipe into the classification chamber is not supplied. , And is led to a portion where the gas flow of gas ejected from the vane is acting, and as a result,
A predetermined centrifugal force can always be applied to the raw material introduced into the classification chamber, and the classification accuracy can be improved.

In the second invention, the raw material can be dispersed before the classification.

First, when a high-pressure gas flows into the dispersion nozzle from the gas reservoir, the inside of the dispersion nozzle becomes negative pressure due to the so-called Coanda effect, and a high-speed wall flow is generated on the inner wall of the dispersion nozzle. By the flow, the raw material is sucked into the dispersion nozzle from the raw material supply nozzle,
At the same time it will be strongly dispersed. The raw material thus subjected to the dispersion treatment is guided to a classification chamber in the main body through the raw material introduction pipe, and is subjected to the classification treatment.

Accordingly, the raw material is subjected to a strong dispersion treatment and then to a classification treatment, so that the classification efficiency is improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a classifier according to the present invention. That is, the classifier shown in FIG. 1 has a substantially cylindrical body 1 in which a raw material
Supply device 18 for supplying the gas into the main body 1 and gas A
Gas supply device 3 having a vane 5 for injecting the gas A in the tangential direction of the main body 1 while injecting the gas A into the main body 1.
A classifying plate 4 that forms a classifying chamber in which the classifying process is performed in cooperation with the main body 1, and a discharge pipe 6 that discharges the granules classified inside the main body 1 to the outside as products D and E. The raw material M supplied to the inside of the main body 1 from the raw material supply device 18 is classified by the action of the air current of the gas A spouted from the gas supply device 3, and then is classified as products D and E into the discharge pipe 6, 7, the raw material supply device 1
A raw material introduction pipe 13 is provided between the body 8 and the main body 1. The raw material introduction pipe 13 is connected to the main body 1 and has an opening on the main body 1 side opened at a part of a portion where the vane 5 is located. The raw material M supplied from the raw material supply device 18
Are guided in the tangential direction inside the main body 1.

The raw material supply device 18 is provided at one end of the raw material supply nozzle 17 for charging the raw material M with a slight distance therebetween, and the opening on the raw material supply nozzle 17 side is opened outward. And a gas reservoir 15 for supplying a high-pressure gas B while closing a gap between the dispersion nozzle 16 and the material supply nozzle 17. First, distributed processing, which is preprocessing, is performed.

In FIG. 1, the main body 1 has a cylindrical shape which opens upward, and a coarse powder discharge pipe 7 communicating with the outside is formed at the bottom thereof. By arranging 1a, the internal space is sealed.

A classifying plate 4 is provided inside the main body 1. The classifying plate 4 is formed in a disk shape having a hole at the center, and is formed so that its upper surface is gradually and slightly inclined downward as it goes radially outward, and has a generally hat-like shape as a whole. The classifying plate 4 is provided coaxially with the main body 1 so that a classifying chamber is formed between the classifying plate 4 and the lid 1a.

The classifying plate 4 is connected to the end of the fine powder discharge pipe 6 inside the main body 1 and communicates with the hole of the classifying plate 4 and the opening of the fine powder discharge pipe 6 being aligned. The fine powder discharge pipe 6 penetrates the bottom of the main body 1 and is disposed so as to be vertically movable with respect to the main body 1, so that the inside and the outside of the main body 1 are electrically connected via the fine powder discharge pipe 6. At this time, the fine powder discharge pipe 6 is arranged so that its axis coincides with the axis of the main body 1.

An opening outside the fine powder discharge pipe 6 is connected to a communication pipe 8 which is an external pipe.
Thereby, the fine powder collector (not shown) such as a bag attached to the other end thereof and the fine powder discharge pipe 6 are connected to each other.

At this time, the fine powder discharge pipe 6 is connected to the main body 1.
The movable member 11 is inserted through a cylindrical fixed seat 20 fixed to the outer wall and is supported in a vertically movable state, and is further provided with an interlocking member 11 provided between the fixed seat 20 and the fine powder discharge pipe 6.
The fine powder discharge pipe 6 is fixed to the main body 1.

The interlocking member 11 includes a bolt 9 and a nut 1
0a and 10b. The bolt 9 forming one of the interlocking members 11 is fixed to the fixed seat 20 with its male screw portion extending downward, and nuts 10 a and 10 b forming the other of the interlocking members 11 on the bolt 9. Is screwed.

The nuts 10a and 10b are rotatably mounted on a mounting portion 21 formed at a portion located outside the main body 1 in the fine powder discharge pipe 6. The nuts 10a and 10b, the bolt 9 and , The fine powder discharge pipe 6 is fixed to the fixing seat 20. When the nuts 10a and 10b are rotated, the nuts 10a and 10b move up and down along the bolts 9, and as a result, the mounting portion 21 to which the nuts 10a and 10b are mounted is fine powder. It moves up and down integrally with the discharge pipe 6.

On the other hand, a gas supply device 3 having a vane 5 is provided at a portion of the main body 1 corresponding to a classification chamber formed between the classification plate 4 and the lid 1a. This gas supply device 3 is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the outer periphery of the main body 1.
A sealed gas guide chamber 2 is formed therein, and a gas introduction pipe 12 for introducing gas A supplied from the outside into the gas guide chamber 2 is connected thereto. The pipe 12 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the gas supply device 3 from any tangential direction.

On the inner peripheral side of the gas supply device 3, a vane 5 for guiding the gas A introduced from the outside into the gas guide chamber 2 to the inside of the main body 1 is provided on the circumference thereof. ing. Here, an annular outlet 5a is formed at a portion corresponding to the classifying chamber in the main body 1, and this outlet 5a
The gas guide chamber 2 and the inside of the main body 1 are electrically connected to each other through the air outlet. (See FIG. 2).

The gas supply device 3 blows out the gas A introduced from the outside into the main body 1 through the outlet 5a. At this time, the gas A is guided inside the main body 1 in a direction tangential to the gas A when passing through the vane 5 located at the position of the outlet 5a. The airflow is directed.

On the other hand, on the upper part of the main body 1, there is provided a raw material supply device 18 formed by a raw material supply nozzle 17, a dispersion nozzle 16, and a gas reservoir 15.

As shown in FIG. 2, a raw material supply nozzle 17 forming a part of the raw material supply device 18 has a supply port 17a for supplying a raw material M to be pulverized and a secondary gas C for introducing a secondary gas C. The material supply nozzle 17 has a flange formed at the front end opening thereof.

The dispersion nozzle 16 of the raw material supply device 18 has a cylindrical shape whose diameter gradually decreases toward the opening, and is formed so that the opening end is curved and spreads outward. By disposing the dispersion nozzle 16 such that the opening faces the opening of the raw material supply nozzle 17 and a slight gap e is formed between the opposing surfaces of the two openings, the dispersion nozzle 16 and the raw material supply nozzle 17 are arranged. The nozzle 17 communicates with the nozzle 17 via a gap e.

The dispersion nozzle 16 and the raw material supply nozzle 17
Is provided with a gas reservoir 15 formed so as to surround a gap e formed therebetween. The gas reservoir 15 has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed. The gas reservoir 15 accommodates the opening of the raw material supply nozzle 17 and the opening of the dispersion nozzle 16 so that the material supply nozzle 17 and the dispersion nozzle 16 communicate with each other via the gas reservoir 15.

A pipe for guiding gas B from an external high-pressure gas supply source 22 is connected to an arbitrary position on the circumferential surface of the gas reservoir 15, and the inside of the gas reservoir 15 and the high-pressure gas supply source 22 are connected to each other. Is communicated. Reference numeral 19 denotes a flow meter, which is provided so as to be interposed between the gas reservoir 15 and the high-pressure gas supply source 22 and measures the amount of gas B flowing into the gas reservoir 15 from the high-pressure gas supply source 22. is there.

Between the raw material supply device 18 and the main body 1, there is connected a raw material introduction pipe 13 which connects the two with each other. This raw material introduction pipe 13 penetrates a mounting port 14 formed at an arbitrary position of the gas introduction pipe 12 of the gas supply device 3,
In addition, one end of the raw material introduction pipe 13 located outside the gas supply device 3 is attached to the dispersion nozzle 16, and the other end located inside is provided so as to pass through the center of the gas introduction pipe 12. The raw material supply device 18 and the inside of the main body 1 are electrically connected to each other through the raw material introduction pipe 13.

At this time, the raw material introduction pipe 13 is
The raw material M supplied from the raw material supply device 18 is arranged so that the opening on the side is opened at a part of the opening of the outlet 5 a where the vane 5 is located. It is guided to a classifying chamber formed inside the main body 1. In this case, the opening of the raw material introduction pipe 13 is
An opening is provided in a tangential direction of the main body 1, that is, in a direction following the mounting direction of the vane 5, so that when the raw material M is guided from the raw material introduction pipe 13 into the classification chamber, the raw material M is The gas to be ejected is introduced in the same direction as the gas flow.

Next, the operation of the above will be described.

First, a raw material M in which particles of various sizes are mixed is supplied to the supply port 17a. Then, when the high-pressure gas B is supplied from the high-pressure gas supply source 22 into the gas reservoir 15, The high-pressure gas B passes through the gap e
6 will flow.

At this time, since the opening of the dispersion nozzle 16 is formed to be curved, the high-pressure gas B flowing into the dispersion nozzle 16 becomes an adherent flow along the curve of the opening to generate a wall flow. As a result, the so-called Coanda effect is brought about, and as a result, the axial center portion of the dispersion nozzle 16 becomes negative pressure.

Then, by the action of the negative pressure, the raw material M located inside the supply port 17a is sucked into the dispersion nozzle 16 through the raw material supply nozzle 17, and at the same time, the secondary gas C existing outside is also discharged. The gas passes through the raw material supply nozzle 17 through the gas inlet 17b and is sucked into the dispersion nozzle 16.

The raw material M and the secondary gas C sucked into the dispersion nozzle 16 are guided into the main body 1 through the raw material introduction pipe 13. At this time, the raw material introduction pipe 13 is connected to the classifying plate 4 inside the main body 1.
The raw material M supplied from the raw material supply device 18 is introduced into the classification chamber by the raw material introduction pipe 13 because the raw material M is arranged so as to open to the classification chamber formed between the lid and the lid 1a. .

On the other hand, the gas supply device 3 includes a gas introduction pipe 12
Is introduced into the classifying chamber in the main body 1 from the outlet 5a through the vane 5 at this time, and when the gas A passes through the vane 5,
, The swirling flow is generated inside the main body 1 by the gas A generated thereby, and as a result, a kind of centrifugal field is formed in the classification chamber. I have.

Therefore, the raw material M guided into the classification chamber by the raw material introduction pipe 13 is swirled in the circumferential direction along the inner wall surface of the main body 1 by the action of the gas A blown from the gas supply device 3. At this time, the centrifugal force is applied to the raw material M.

Then, as a result of the centrifugal force being applied to the raw material M, large particles and heavy particles among the constituents of the raw material M are separated to the outside, and small particles and light particles are separated to the inside. The separated granular material composed of large particles and heavy particles slides downward while rotating along the inner wall of the main body 1 as it is, and is discharged outside as a product E from the coarse powder discharge pipe 7. I have.

On the other hand, the powdery or granular material composed of small particles and light particles separated inside in the classification chamber is guided into the fine powder discharge pipe 6 through a hole formed in the center of the classification plate 4, and The powder D falls downward through the fine powder discharge pipe 6, and is collected as a product D by a fine powder collector (not shown) through the communication pipe 8.

As a result, the raw material M supplied is the raw material M
A product E composed of large particles and heavy particles, separated and classified according to the size and weight of the particles constituting
A product D consisting of small particles or light particles is obtained.

Here, when changing the set position (classification point) of the classification plate 4, the interlocking member 11 may be operated.

That is, the classifying plate 4 is connected to a fine powder discharge pipe 6 provided on the main body 1 so as to be movable up and down.
Further, since the fine powder discharge pipe 6 is fixed to the main body 1 by the interlocking member 11 so as to be vertically movable, the interlocking member 11
, The vertical position of the classifying plate 4 inside the main body 1 can be set and changed.

That is, the interlocking member 11 is rotatably attached to the bolt 9 attached to the fixed seat 20 fixed to the main body 1 so as to extend in the perpendicular direction, and to the attachment portion 21 of the fine powder discharge pipe 6. Since the nuts 10a and 10b are screwed and formed outside the main body 1, the nuts 10a and 10b are rotated outside the main body 1 so that the nut 10a is rotated.
a, 10b move up and down integrally with the mounting portion 21 and the fine powder discharge pipe 6, and as a result, the classifying plate 4 connected to the upper end of the fine powder discharge pipe 6 can freely change its vertical position. You can do it.

Therefore, since the classification point can be easily changed from the outside in this way, the classification plate 4 and the lid 1 can be changed.
Since the width of the classifying chamber formed between a and a can be arbitrarily determined, as a result, the degree of classification, that is, the setting of the particle size of the products D and E can be easily changed. .

In the classifier described above, the raw material supply device 18 sufficiently performs the dispersion treatment, which is the pretreatment of the classification processing, so that the raw material M can be classified efficiently. ing.

That is, since the opening of the dispersion nozzle 16 of the raw material supply device 18 is curved outward and expands, when the high-pressure gas B flows into the opening of the dispersion nozzle 16 from the gas reservoir 15. Therefore, a high-speed airflow is generated inside the dispersion nozzle 16.

In other words, by expanding the opening of the dispersion nozzle 16, a small-diameter portion having a smoothly narrowed diameter is present in the middle of the dispersion nozzle 16. Flows into the opening of the dispersion nozzle 16, the dispersion nozzle 1
The adhesion flow is generated on the wall surface of No. 6 to generate a wall flow, and as a result, a large negative pressure is generated in the axial center portion inside the dispersion nozzle 16.

Therefore, due to the action of the large negative pressure generated inside the dispersion nozzle 16, the raw material M and the secondary gas C sucked from the raw material supply nozzle 17 become high-speed flows and are sucked into the dispersion nozzle 16. Therefore, the raw material M is strongly dispersed by the speed difference between the secondary gas C to be sucked in and the attached flow on the inner wall of the dispersion nozzle 16.

In the above case, in order to classify efficiently, it is most important that the respective particles constituting the raw material M have been dispersed in advance, and if the particles are insufficient, the particles cannot be classified efficiently. However, by utilizing the Coanda effect, the particles constituting the raw material M are dispersed and dispersed before the classification process, and the classification process inside the main body 1 is reliably performed thereafter. It is something that is to be done.

In the classifier described above, the gas flow of the gas A ejected from the gas supply device 3 can be suitably applied to the raw material M guided to the classification chamber from the raw material introduction pipe 13. It has become.

That is, the raw material introduction pipe 13 connecting the raw material supply device 18 and the classification chamber formed inside the main body 1 is
Since the opening on the side of the main body 1 is arranged so as to open to a part of the portion where the vane 5 is located, the raw material supply device 18
The raw material M introduced into the classification chamber through the raw material introduction pipe 13
Is guided by the raw material introduction pipe 13 to a portion where the swirling airflow of the gas A is acting.

At this time, the raw material introduction pipe 13 is arranged in a state where the opening thereof is opened so as to follow the mounting direction of the vane 5, so that the raw material introduction pipe 13 introduces the raw material M into the classification chamber. However, since the direction of the gas A directed by the vanes 5 is the same as the direction of the gas A, the raw material M introduced into the main body 1 does not become resistant to the gas A gas flow.

That is, the gas supply device 3 ejects the gas A in the tangential direction of the main body 1 due to the presence of the vane 5, thereby generating a swirling airflow of the gas A in the classification chamber. Are arranged so that their openings face the tangential direction of the main body 1, so that the raw material introduction pipe 1
3, the raw material M introduced into the classification chamber is guided in the classification chamber so as to be directed tangentially. As a result, the raw material M is directed so as to be directed in the direction along the swirling airflow of the gas A. It has become.

Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of turbulence in the swirling airflow of the gas A generated in the classifying chamber, so that the airflow of the gas A can always act on the raw material M in a favorable manner. In addition, a predetermined centrifugal force is always applied to the raw material M to be classified, so that a granular material having a required predetermined particle size can be accurately obtained.

In the above case, the raw material M introduced into the classifying chamber is guided by the raw material introduction pipe 13 in the tangential direction of the main body 1 and turns along the inner wall of the main body 1. Since the gas A supplied from the gas supply device 3 is constantly ejected from the outlet 5a, the raw material M swirling in the classification chamber is classified without adhering to the inner wall of the main body 1, and as a result, the classification accuracy is improved. Has been improved.

[0058]

As described above, according to the present invention, swirling airflow of gas is generated in the classifying chamber formed in the main body by the vane of the gas supply device provided in the main body, and the gas is supplied from the raw material supplying device. In a classifier that performs classification by applying a gas flow to a raw material, a raw material introduction pipe is connected between a raw material supply device and a main body, and a vane is located at an opening of the raw material introduction pipe on the main body side. By opening a part of the part, the gas flow ejected from the vane can always act on the raw material introduced from the raw material introduction pipe into the classification chamber, thereby improving the classification accuracy. be able to.

In this case, the resistance of the raw material introduced into the classification chamber from the raw material introduction pipe to the swirling gas flow of the gas in the classification chamber can be minimized as compared with the conventional case. Turbulence of the swirling airflow can be minimized, and as a result, classification accuracy can be improved.

Further, in the raw material supply device, the opening portion of the dispersion nozzle is widened, and the raw material supply nozzle is disposed so as to be slightly apart from the opening portion. Since the gas reservoir for supplying the high-pressure gas is provided between the high-pressure gas supplied from the gas reservoir and the dispersion nozzle, when the high-pressure gas flows into the dispersion nozzle, a high-speed wall flow is generated on the inner wall of the dispersion nozzle by the Coanda effect. As a result, after the raw material sucked in from the raw material supply nozzle is strongly dispersed inside the dispersion nozzle and is separated, the raw material is classified in the classification room, so that the classification is efficiently performed. In addition, there is an effect that the operation can be performed with high accuracy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a classifier according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part showing a positional relationship among a main body, a gas supply device, and a raw material supply device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Main body 1a ... Lid 2 ... Gas guide chamber 3 ... Gas supply device 4 ... Classification plate 5 ... Vane 5a ... Blow outlet 6 ... Fine powder discharge pipe 7 ... Coarse powder discharge pipe 8 ... Communication tube 9 Bolt 10a, 10b Nut 11 Interlocking member 12 Gas introduction tube 13 Material introduction tube 14 Mounting port 15 Gas reservoir 16 Dispersion nozzle 17 Material supply nozzle 17a supply port 17b gas inlet 18 raw material supply device 19 flow meter 20 fixed seat 21 mounting part 22 high-pressure gas supply source

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A raw material supply device (18) for supplying a raw material (M) to be classified into a main body (1) having a rigid cylindrical shape, and a gas (A) being supplied to the main body (1). A gas supply device (3) having a vane (5) for ejecting the gas (A) in a tangential direction of the main body (1) while being jetted into the main body (1); and a gas supply device (3) provided inside the main body (1). A classifying plate (4) forming a classifying chamber and discharge pipes (6, 7) opening downward are provided, and the raw material (M) supplied from the raw material supply device (18) is gas (A). A classifier that is classified as a product (D, E) from the discharge pipes (6, 7) after being classified in the classification chamber by the action of the airflow of the raw material supply device (18) and the main body (1). A raw material introduction pipe (13) is connected between the raw material introduction pipes (13). A classifier characterized in that it is opened at a position where the vane (5) is located. 2. The raw material supply device (18) includes a raw material supply nozzle (17) and an opening that expands outward.
The dispersing nozzle (1) is provided with this opening slightly spaced apart from the opening of the raw material supply nozzle (17).
6) and a gas reservoir (15) for sealing the space between the dispersion nozzle (16) and the raw material supply nozzle (17) and supplying the high-pressure gas (B). The classifier according to claim 1, wherein the classifier is connected to and connected to the raw material introduction pipe (13).