JP2574044B2 - Milling machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a grain milling machine that removes a hull or a bran layer of a grain and grinds the grain.

[Conventional technology]

Milling machines are structurally classified into two types. In other words, according to the orientation and the positional relationship between the milling room that houses the milling roll that performs the milling operation and that has a discharge port urged to the closed side and the transport chamber that transports the grains received from the receiving port, It is classified into type and horizontal type. In a vertical mill,
The milling chamber and the transfer chamber are connected vertically, and the transfer chamber transports the grain vertically around the vertical axis, and the milling roll rotates the grain along the vertical axis. Milds grains. On the other hand, in a horizontal mill, the milling chamber and the transport chamber are in a horizontally connected positional relationship, the transport chamber transports the grains around the axis along the horizontal direction, and the milling roll is moved in the horizontal direction. There is a structural difference in that the milling action is effected by the rotation along the axis.

And, in the horizontal type grain mill, the grains in the milling room are present in a partly in the radial direction of the milling roll due to gravity, and the milling action by the milling roll does not reach the grain equally, but the vertical type The milling machine is advantageous in that the grains in the milling room are evenly distributed in the radial direction of the milling roll, so that the milling action of the milling roll is evenly applied to the grains, and the vertical type is now the mainstream. Is coming.

Vertical grain mills are functionally classified into two types. In other words, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-50653, a grinding chamber is connected to the upper part of the transfer chamber, the receiving port is connected to the lower part of the transfer chamber, and the discharge port is connected to the upper part of the polishing chamber. Classified into the upper transfer method, which is connected to the grinding room at the lower part of the transfer room, and the lower transfer method, in which the receiving port communicates with the upper part of the transfer room and the discharge port communicates with the lower part of the polishing room. Is done.

In a vertical mill, any of the milling rooms is basically pressurized by the conveying force due to the conveying action and the discharge resistance at the discharge port. Then, the pressure distribution becomes higher toward the transport side due to movement resistance caused by friction and the like in the milling room. In addition, the pressure is also increased by the load of the grain, but the pressure distribution increases as going downward. Therefore, in the upper conveying method that pushes up the grains, the movement resistance and the tendency of the pressure distribution due to the load of the grains match, the pressure is highest at the lower part of the milling room, and the whole is milled with a slightly higher pressure. Become. On the other hand, in the lower transport method where the grain is pushed down, the tendency of the pressure distribution due to the movement resistance and the load of the grain is reversed, and the milling room tends to have a uniform pressure distribution up and down. It will be milled uniformly.

Therefore, in the upper transport type milling machine, since the action of grinding the surface of the grain is more effective than the action of polishing due to the grinding at a high pressure, it can be evaluated that it is suitable for the initial process of the grinding. . On the other hand, in the lower-conveyor type grain mill, the action of polishing the surface of the grain is more effective than the action of grinding, due to the milling at a low and even pressure. Can be evaluated as suitable.

By the way, from the past, it has been practiced to configure several grain mills in series so that several mills are connected in series so that the milling is repeated several times until a sufficient milling accuracy is obtained. Only the transport type grain mill was connected, or only the lower transport type grain mill was connected.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the case of the articulated type, in the upper conveying type grain mill, the action of shaving the surface is increased more than necessary, and it becomes easy to damage or grind the milled grains, resulting in poor finish. There are difficulties. On the other hand, in the lower conveying type grain mill, the action of peeling off the surface layer in the initial step of milling becomes insufficient, so that it was difficult to obtain a desired milling accuracy.

The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a grain milling machine which has high milling accuracy and can finish the surface smoothly.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, a first characteristic configuration of the grain mill according to the present invention is to house a first milling roll that mills by rotation around an axis along a vertical direction, and closes at an upper portion. A first milling chamber having a discharge port urged to the side, and a first transport chamber for transporting the grains received from the receiving port upward by rotation about an axis along the vertical direction. A first polishing processing unit connected in a state where the first transfer chamber is located below the polishing roll, and a second polishing roll that performs a polishing operation by rotation around an axis along the vertical direction, and accommodates the lower part. A second milling chamber having a discharge port urged to the closed side, and a second transport chamber for transporting the grains received from the receiving port downward by rotation around the axis along the vertical direction, 2 With the second transfer chamber positioned above the milling roll The present invention is characterized in that it has a second milling processing unit connected thereto, and a transport unit that transports the grains discharged from the discharge port of the first polishing chamber to a receiving port of the second transport chamber.

The following second and third feature configurations specify specific preferred configurations for implementing the first feature configuration.

A second characteristic configuration is that, in the grain mill having the first characteristic configuration, a grindstone piece is provided on an inner surface of the first milling roll and the first milling room opposed to a periphery thereof. .

A third characteristic configuration is the grain mill having the first or second characteristic configuration, wherein the receiving port of the second transport chamber is located below the first milling chamber, and the transport section is guided under its own weight. The point is that it is structured into an expression.

[Action]

According to the first characteristic configuration, in the first milling processing unit, the grains received in the first transport chamber from the receiving port are transported upward by rotation about the axis along the vertical direction, and the first transport chamber is provided. Is sent to the first milling room connected above. Then, the first milling roll stored in the first milling room is polished by rotation about an axis along the vertical direction along the vertical direction, and is discharged from a discharge port provided at an upper part of the first milling room against a biasing force. You. Therefore, in the first milling section, the action of shaving the surface of the grain is more effective than the action of polishing, as in the case of the vertical and upper-conveying grain mill, and the surface layer of the grain is efficiently peeled off.

After that, the grains discharged from the outlet of the first milling room,
The sheet is transported to the receiving port of the second transport chamber by the transport unit. That is, it is conveyed from the first milling unit to the second milling unit.

In the second milling section, the grains received from the receiving port into the second transfer chamber are conveyed downward by rotation about the axis along the vertical direction, and are connected and located below the second transfer chamber. Sent to the second milling room. Then, the second milling roll stored in the second milling room is polished by rotation about the axis along the vertical direction, and is discharged from a discharge port provided at a lower portion of the second milling room against the biasing force. You. Therefore,
In the second milling section, the action of polishing the surface of the grain is more effective than the action of grinding, as in the vertical and lower-conveying type grain mill.
The surface of the peeled grain is polished.

In the second characteristic configuration, when performing the grinding in the first grinding room in the first operation, the grindstone provided on the first grinding roll and the first grinding room facing the peripheral portion of the first grinding roll. By the cooperation of the grindstone pieces provided on the inner surface, the surface of the grain is ground, and the surface layer can be more efficiently separated.

According to the third feature configuration, in the process of transporting the grains from the first milling processing unit to the second milling processing unit in the first operation and the second operation, the transport unit is configured to transport the grains flowing down by its own weight. It will guide the grains properly.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the first characteristic configuration, the surface of the grain is appropriately peeled off by grinding in the upper transport type in the initial step, and the surface of the grain is appropriately peeled in the next finishing step by grinding in the lower transport type. As it can be polished, it is possible to finish the grain with high grinding accuracy and smooth with no scratch on the surface.

In the second characteristic configuration, the initial step of peeling the surface layer of the grain is more effective, and the milling rate is improved.

In the third characteristic configuration, the grain is supplied from the first milling unit to the second milling unit.
The transporting section to be sent to the milling section can have a simple structure that does not require a dedicated power, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a rice grain mill to which the present invention is applied. This miller is provided with a first milling device (1), a second milling device (2), and an electric motor (M) for driving them on the upper surface of a box-shaped base (F). The apparatus (1) and the second milling apparatus (2) are connected via a guide chute (3) which is an example of a transport section.

Inside the base (F), a first belt for transmitting a driving force output from an output shaft (4) of the electric motor (M) to a first driving shaft (5) of the first milling device (1). Transmission mechanism (6)
And a second belt transmission mechanism (8) for transmitting to the second drive shaft (7) of the second milling device (2).

First, the structure of the first milling device (1) will be described.

The first milling device (1) forms an outer shell by outer cylinders (9a) to (9d) connected in four stages from bottom to top, and inside the outer cylinders (9a) to (9d), The first milling processing section (10), which includes one transfer chamber (10a) and the first milling chamber (10b),
The configuration is such that the transfer chamber (10a) is disposed below the first milling chamber (10b). Here, the first transfer chamber (10a)
Is a first screw (12) that communicates with a receiving port (11) provided in a second-stage outer cylinder (9b) and rotates around a vertical axis.
It is a space for storing. The first milling room (10b) communicates with a first discharge port (13) provided in a fourth-stage outer cylinder (9d), is surrounded by a vertical first drum screen (14), and has an interior thereof. Is a space for storing the first milling roll (15).

The first drive shaft (5), the first screw (12), the first
Each of the milling rolls (15) is formed in a cylindrical shape having an internal space, and has a first screw (12) at an upper end of a first drive shaft (5) and a first screw (12) at an upper end of the first screw (12). The first milling rolls (15) are fixedly connected to each other so as to rotate integrally around the same axis in the vertical direction by the power from the electric motor (M) in a state where the respective internal spaces are communicated with each other.

The first drum screen (14) is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of grooved frames (16) installed inward at equal circumferential intervals, and these grooved frames (16)
And a plurality of fixed knives (18) provided along the groove of each grooved frame (16). The screen member (17) is provided with a number of long holes (17a) for discharging the bran and fine powder peeled off during the milling from the first milling chamber (10b).

The first milling roll (15) is composed of a cylindrical roll body (19) whose upper end is closed and a pair of movable knives (20) provided in grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the roll body (19). Become. In the roll body (19), the first milling room (10
b) Holes (19a) for supplying air therein are formed at predetermined intervals along the vertical direction.

In addition, the fixed knife (18) and the movable knife (20) use whetstone pieces manufactured by processing a whetstone having a high coefficient of friction in order to perform good grinding.

The first discharge port (13) is formed on the side surface of the outer cylinder (10d) in the fourth stage, and has a movable lid (21) that swings open and close around a fulcrum at the upper end. At the fulcrum of the movable lid (21), a rod (22) swinging integrally with the movable lid (21) is provided in the horizontal direction, and this rod (22) has several weights ( W). This is because the movable lid (21) is urged to the closing side by the weight of the weight (W) to provide resistance to the discharge of grains, and the total weight of the weight (W) is changed to close the movable lid (21). The biasing force can be adjusted.

It is the guide chute (3) that connects the first discharge port (13) of the first milling device (1) and the second grain mill (2). The guide chute (3) has a simple structure in which both sides of the flat inclined surface (3a) are bent to form a U-shaped cross section, and the grain discharged from the first discharge port (13) is The receiving hopper (2) of the second grain mill (2)
3) Convey to (corresponding to the reception entrance).

Next, the structure of the second milling device (2) will be described.

The second milling device (2) forms an outer shell by outer cylinders (24a) to (24c) connected in three stages from bottom to top, and inside the outer cylinders (24a) to (24c), As shown in FIG.
A second transport chamber (25a) and a second milling chamber (25b)
The polishing unit (25) is configured such that the first transfer chamber (25a) is located above the first polishing chamber (25b). Here, the first transfer chamber (25a) is a third-stage outer cylinder (25a).
c) is surrounded by an upper fixed inner cylinder (26) fixedly mounted on the upper surface and a movable inner cylinder (27) fitted inside the upper fixed inner cylinder (26) so as to be vertically movable. This is a space for accommodating the second screw (28) that rotates around the vertical axis.
The second milling room (25b) is a space that is surrounded by a vertical second drum screen (29) connected and fixed to the lower end of the movable inner cylinder (27) and stores the second milling roll (30). is there.

The lower end of the second screw (28) is provided with a second polishing roll (30), and the lower end of the second polishing roll (30) is provided with the second drive shaft (7). They are fixedly connected so as to rotate integrally around the same axis in the vertical direction by power.

The second drum screen (29) includes a plurality of vertical frames (31) laid at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, and a screen member (32) provided to close a gap between the vertical frames (31). (See FIG. 1). The lower end of the second drum screen (29) has a reduced diameter portion (29
a) is formed. The screen member (32) has the first
For the same reason as for the drum screen (14),
a) Many are drilled.

The second milling roll (30) is divided into a grinding portion (30a) having a projection for grinding on the outer peripheral surface and a friction roll portion (30b) having a spiral rib for friction on the outer peripheral surface below the grinding portion (30b). Below the friction portion (30b), an enlarged diameter portion (30c) having an enlarged outer diameter is formed.

When fitting the movable inner cylinder (27) to the upper fixed inner cylinder (26), a plurality of links (33) are pivotally supported on the inner surface of the third-stage outer cylinder (24c), and these links (33) are connected. ) Is pivotally supported on the outer surface of the movable inner cylinder (27). A spring (3) is attached to the lower end of the link and to the upper surface of the third inner cylinder (24c).
4), the movable inner cylinder (27) and the second drum screen (29) are elastically urged upward. That is, the gap between the reduced diameter portion (29a) of the second drum screen (29) and the increased diameter portion (30c) of the second milling roll (30) is reduced.
This gives resistance to the grains sent downward from the second milling room (25b). The lever (35) shown in the figure
Is fixed to the receiving hopper (23), and the lever (35) is rotated left and right together with the receiving hopper (23) so that the second drum screen (29) can be moved up and down artificially. It is.

A lower fixed inner cylinder (36) is provided below the second drum screen (29), and a second discharge port (37) is formed on a side surface of the lower fixed inner cylinder (36). Incidentally, the second discharge port (37) has a reduced diameter portion (29a) and an increased diameter portion (30c).
Is consequently closed and biased.

Next, the first milling device (1) and the second milling device (2)
Will be described.

When the kernels are received from the outside into the receiving port (11), they are guided downward to the lower part of the first transfer chamber (10a), and then the upper first milling chamber (10b) is rotated with the rotation of the first screw (12). )
Sent to In the first milling room (10b), the movable knife (20) of the first milling roll (15) in a pressurized state from below.
And the first drum screen (14) are ground by the relative rotation of the fixed knife (18) while being strongly rubbed, and the bran layer as the outer skin is peeled off. Then, it is gradually pushed up by the grains sent one after another, and is discharged from the first discharge port (13) against the closing urging force of the movable lid (21). The grain discharged from the first discharge port (13) of the first milling room (10b) slides down the guide chute (3) by its own weight and is received by the receiving hopper (23). And the second transfer chamber (25a)
And is sent to the lower second milling chamber (25b) with the rotation of the second screw (28). Second milling room (2
In 5b), in a state of relatively low and uniform pressure, the second grinding roll (30) is weakly ground by the grinding portion (30a), and is polished by the friction portion (30b) to be smoothly finished. . Meanwhile, the lower fixed inner cylinder (36) resists the upward force of the second drum screen (29) by gradually descending due to the successively sent grains and its own weight.
And finally discharged from the second discharge port (37).

Next, a description will be given of an exhaust structure for discharging the peeled bran to the outside and its operation.

At the front of the base (F), a window (38) for introducing outside air is provided with a dustproof net. Outside air is introduced from the window (38) into the drive pulley (39) shared by the first belt transmission mechanism (6) and the second belt transmission mechanism (8) inside the base (F). Outside air intake fan (40)
Is formed. Furthermore, the outer cylinder (9) of the first milling device (1)
An air exhaust duct (41) for collecting and discharging the exfoliated bran and fine powder in a state communicating with the bottom of a) is provided. Inside the exhaust duct (41), the outer cylinders (9a) to (9a) of the first milling device (1) are rotated integrally with the first drive shaft (5).
(9d) An exhaust fan (42) is installed to take in air from inside and discharge it to the outside.

The air flow is created by the intake and exhaust operations of the outside air introduction fan (40) and the exhaust fan (42). That is, the outside air introduced from the window (38)
From the lower end opening of the drive shaft (5) to the first drive shaft (5),
The screw (12) rises through the hollow portion of the first milling roll (15) and blows out from the hole (19a) of the first milling roll (15) to the first milling chamber (10b). And the first milling room (10
After passing through the gap between the grains filled in b), it reaches the space surrounded by the outer cylinder (9c) and the first drum screen (14) from the hole (17a) of the screen member (17). Then, it descends into this space, flows into the exhaust duct (41), and is discharged to the outside of the base (F) through the exhaust duct (41).

Thus, by passing air through the gaps between the grains filled in the first milling room (10b), the exfoliated bran and fine powder are positively extracted from the first milling room (10b). It is discharged to the outside together with air containing bran and fine powder. Further, the outside air passing through the first milling room (10b) deprives the heat generated by the friction of the grains to cool the grains in the first milling room (10b).

[Another Example] (a) As shown in FIG. 7, the second discharge port (37) has a structure provided with a movable lid similarly to the first discharge port (13), and the grains are formed in the second discharge port (37). A resistance may be given when discharged from 37).

(B) In this embodiment, the first milling room (10b) uses knives (18) and (20) of whetstone pieces, and the second milling room (25b) uses the grinding unit (30a) and the friction for grinding. The milling process is performed using the second milling roll (30) composed of the part (30b), but the manner of the milling process may be variously changed depending on the type of grain.

(C) The transport unit is preferably of a self-weight drop type. However, when the angle must be reduced, a transport method using a conveyor belt or a screw may be adopted.

(D) The present invention can be applied to crops other than rice grains, for example, wheat grains.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a grain mill according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a vertical front view, FIG. 2 is a vertical side view, FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a side view of the first drum screen, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view of the second milling apparatus, and FIG. It is a vertical side view which shows an Example. (3) ... Conveying unit, (10) ... First milling unit, (10
a) First transfer room, (10b) First milling room, (11)
... inlet, (13) ... outlet, (15) ... first milling roll, (18), (20) ... whetstone pieces, (23) ... inlet,
(25) ... second milling processing section, (25a) ... second transfer chamber,
(25b)… 2nd milling room, (30)… 2nd milling roll,
(37) ... The outlet.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] A first milling roll (15) for milling by rotation about an axis along a vertical direction is accommodated, and a first outlet (13) having a closed-side urged upper opening is provided. A milling chamber (10b) and a first transport chamber (10a) for transporting the grains received from the receiving port (11) upward by rotation about a vertical axis along the vertical direction, by the first milling roll ( 15)
A first polishing processing unit (10) connected with the first transfer chamber (10a) positioned below the second polishing chamber (10), and a second polishing roll (30) that performs a polishing operation by rotation about a vertical axis. A second milling room (25b) that is housed and has a discharge port (37) urged to the closed side at the bottom
And a second transfer chamber (25a) for transferring the grains received from the receiving port (23) downward by rotation about the axis along the vertical direction, above the second milling roll (30). A second polishing unit (25) connected to a position where the second transfer chamber (25a) is located; and a second transfer of the grains discharged from the discharge port (13) of the first polishing chamber (10b). A grain mill provided with a transport section (3) for transporting to a receiving port (23) of the chamber (25a). 2. The grain mill according to claim 1, wherein the first
A grinding machine in which grinding stone pieces (18) and (20) are provided on the inner surface of a milling roll (15) and a first milling room (10b) opposed to the periphery thereof. 3. The grain mill according to claim 1, wherein a receiving port (23) of the second transfer chamber (25a) is located lower than the first milling chamber (10b), A grain mill in which the transport section (3) is configured to be of a self-weight downflow guide type.