JP2562864B2 - Continuously variable transmission with a large gear ratio - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission having a large gear ratio used for bicycles and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a conventional gear ratio adjusting device used in a bicycle includes a combination of gears.
However, such a gear ratio adjusting device has a drawback in that a sufficient gear ratio cannot be obtained, and thus safe and easy traveling cannot be performed.

[0003]

Therefore, when the rotational force of the drive shaft is transmitted to the driven shaft, the rotational force is transmitted to the shaft eccentric to the axis of the drive shaft, and then the driving force is transmitted from the eccentric shaft to the driven shaft. There is a transmission having an eccentric structure.

However, this gear ratio adjusting device cannot always obtain a very large gear ratio because the structure of the axle and the like is always restricted. Further, since it is an eccentric rotation, there is a drawback that vibration due to vertical (or left-right) imbalance is severe and the machine is easily damaged.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, and has a large gear ratio, has little vibration even with eccentric rotation, and has no damage to the machine. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, a continuously variable transmission having a large gear ratio according to the present invention has a drive shaft and an output axle which are rotatably mounted on a main body made of a hermetically sealed casing. A rotary cylinder is mounted on the inner end side of the main body of the drive shaft, the tip of the rotary cylinder is rotatably supported with respect to the main body, and the inner end side of the main body of the output axle is flat. A rotary plate, and a flat fixed plate that is attached to the main body through a spring and a lining with bolts are installed opposite to each other, and a flat eccentric wheel is installed between the fixed plate and the rotary plate. The eccentric wheel is provided with a central hole and a plurality of elongated holes extending in the radial direction, and is attached to the central hole so as to be movable in a direction orthogonal to the axis within the rotating cylinder. Rotation A shaft head is provided rotatably at the tip of a moving block, and the shaft head has a shaft line whose axis is eccentric with respect to the axis of the drive shaft and which adjusts the drive shaft and the amount of eccentricity. Further, the shaft head has a projection shaft projecting toward the rotary disk side, and the projection shaft and the short shaft projecting from the rotary disk side are connected to each other. As described above, a balance device for absorbing the amount of eccentricity by the eccentric wheel is provided, movable rollers are respectively provided in the elongated holes, and a central shaft provided in the rollers inserts the elongated holes. And a slide block capable of sliding in one direction in concentric annular grooves formed concentrically on the fixed plate and the rotary plate, respectively, is attached to the end of the central shaft. .

[0007]

According to this structure, when the rotational force is transmitted from the drive shaft to the output axle, the rotation of the drive shaft is transmitted to the rotary cylinder, and the shaft head eccentrically provided by the rotary cylinder is rotated. When this eccentric rotary motion of the shaft head is performed in the central hole of the eccentric wheel, the eccentric wheel moves vertically or horizontally. A slide block that transmits this moving force to a roller fitted in a plurality of elongated holes of the eccentric wheel and can slide the movement of the roller in one direction in a concentric annular groove provided on the stationary plate side. , And a slide block that can slide in one direction in a concentric annular groove provided on the turntable side, and the moving block of the roller is specified as a circle by the slide block on the fixed side, and by the slide block on the turntable side. When the turntable is rotated, the output axle can be rotated at a rotational speed at which the rotational force of the drive shaft is significantly reduced.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the continuously variable transmission according to the present embodiment mainly includes an eccentric wheel 1, a fixed platen 2, an output axle 3, a drive axle 4, an automatic gear shift adjusting device 5, and a balance device 6.
And a transmission main body 7 composed of a closed casing.

The eccentric wheel 1 includes a fixed plate 2 and a rotary plate 31.
It is provided so as to be sandwiched between
00 and the axis line 300 on the turntable 31 side are eccentric to each other.
00, and a central central hole 11, a plurality of elongated holes 12 provided in the radial direction from the vicinity of the center of the eccentric wheel 1, and slidably and rotatably fitted inside the elongated hole 12. , And a roller 14 rotatably provided on a central shaft 141 provided upright on slide blocks 15 and 15a described later.

Each central shaft 141, which rotatably supports each roller 14, has slide blocks 15 and 15a attached to the ends thereof. For example, the slide block 15a on the left side of the drawing is the concentric annular groove 3 formed on the left turntable 31.
It is inserted so as to be slidable within 2.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each of the slide blocks 15 and 15a has at least a pair of wedge-shaped portions 150 at the front and rear, and the radial thickness of each wedge-shaped portion 150 is temporarily reduced in the counterclockwise direction. A clutch roller 153 is movably provided in a space formed by each wedge-shaped portion 150 and the concentric annular groove 32. The clutch roller 153 is always pressed clockwise by the elastic force of the tip end portion 154a of the elastic gold 154 fitted to the protrusion 151a provided at the center axis end of the slide block 15a, that is, the obtuse angle portion 151 of the wedge-shaped portion 150. There is.

Since the slide blocks 15 and 15a are installed on both the left and right sides of the eccentric wheel 1, they are driven in opposite directions when viewed from the eccentric wheel 1, and when the eccentric wheel 1 moves, The left and right slide blocks 15 and 15a are inevitably displaced relative to each other, so that power is transmitted between the fixed platen 2 and the rotary plate 31.

As a result, the central axis 10 of the eccentric wheel 1
When the eccentric wheel 1 is driven in the counterclockwise direction F (see FIG. 6) in a state where 0 is eccentric from the central axis line 300 of the output axle shaft 3, the tip end 154a of the elastic gold 154 causes the elastic force of the clutch roller 153. The obtuse angle portion 1 of the wedge-shaped portion 150
51, and the clutch roller 153 pushes the concentric annular groove 3
It engages with the groove wall 321 of No. 2 and drives the output axle shaft 3 in the clockwise direction. Further, the clutch roll 153 of the slide block 15 provided in the concentric annular groove 22 of the fixed platen 2 pushes the tip end portion 154 a of the elastic gold 154 by frictional force and presses the wedge-shaped portion 150.
The slide block 15 is slid in the annular groove 22 of the stationary platen 2 by being moved to the acute angle portion 152, and is continuously in the transmission state.

In FIG. 11, the eccentric wheel 1 is provided with four radial slots 12 along two diagonal lines D'-D ', and each slot 12 is provided with a roller 14 respectively. One slide block 15 is connected to the fixed plate 2 on the right side of the eccentric wheel 1 (FIG. 1), and another four radial slots 12a are provided on the two V-V lines. 1 and the turntable 31 are engaged. Although there are four radial slots 12 and 12a in this embodiment, they may be more or less in practice.

In this way, the eccentric wheel 1 drives the turntable 31, and the eccentric wheel 1 also
It is rotatably provided with respect to the shaft head 57 of the rotation transmission block 56 on the right side through the roller balls 13.

The stationary platen 2 is located on the right side of the eccentric wheel 1 and is attached to the partition plate 71 of the main body 7, and a concentric annular groove 22 is provided in an annular ridge 21 provided on the outer circumference of the stationary platen 2. A plurality of right side slide blocks 15 are provided in the concentric annular groove 22, and the eccentric wheel 1 is provided via the center shaft 141 and the roller 14 provided in the slide blocks 15.
Is combined with A central hole 23 is formed in the central portion of the stationary platen 2, and a rotary cylinder 41 connected to the drive axle 4 is inserted into the central hole 23.

The stationary platen 2 has a projecting edge portion 24 on its outer periphery, and a brake lining 27 is attached between the projecting edge portion 24 and the holding plate 26 by a plurality of bolts 28, and the bolt 28 and the partition plate. A spring 29 is provided between the fixing plate 2 and the spring 71 to prevent the stationary platen 2 from being damaged by an excessive force via the liner 27 due to the elasticity of the spring 27.

The output axle shaft 3 is located on the left side of the eccentric wheel 1 and has a rotary disc 31, a concentric annular groove 32, an axle shaft 33, a bearing 34, a short shaft 35 and a central hole 36. A concentric annular groove 32 is provided on a peripheral portion of the rotating disk 31 on the eccentric wheel 1 side, and a plurality of slide blocks 15a are inserted so as to be slidable.

The axle 33 projects to the outside on the left side from the rotary disk 31, and is rotatably supported in the output axle sleeve 72 of the main body 7 via the bearing 34. The short shaft 35 projects from the central axis 300 into the central hole 36 of the turntable 31 and is connected to the balancing device 6.

The concentric annular groove 22 of the fixed platen 2 and the concentric annular groove 32 of the rotary plate 31 hold the positions of the slide blocks 15 and 15a which fit and slide inside, so that the annular groove 22 is held.
And 32 have projecting edges 32a and 22a on the periphery thereof, and the legs of the blocks 15 and 15a are shortened by a length h as shown in FIG. 8 in order to facilitate the assembly and mounting of the slide blocks 15 and 15a. . The drive axle 4 has a rotating cylinder 41, a bearing 42, a drive shaft 43, and a bearing 44.

The rotating cylinder 41 is inserted into and supported by the inner hole 711 of the partition plate 71 via the bearing 42. The drive shaft 43 is rotatably supported in the drive axle sleeve 721 of the main body 7 via the bearing 44 so as to be rotatable about the central axis line 400, and an end portion thereof is coupled to a drive wheel or the like.

The self-shift control device 5 includes a control sleeve 5
1, adjusting bolt 52, rotary sliding block 56, lever plate 5
It is composed of 8 etc.

The right end of the control sleeve 51 has a threaded portion 511.
And is screwed into the inner thread portion 73 of the main body 7 and
, And as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, when the control stick 512 continuously provided on the upper portion of the control sleeve 51 is tilted back and forth,
The control sleeve 51 rotationally moves in the front-rear direction about the central axis line 400. At this time, the circular annular groove 513 inside the control sleeve 51 is rotated by the rotational force of the drive axle 4 to cause the inclined roller 53 to rotate.
Is designed to be rotated by friction.

The adjusting bolt 52 is provided so as to penetrate from the inside of the rotary cylinder 41 of the drive axle 4 to the outside thereof, and one end 52 thereof is provided.
1 is fitted with the inclined roller 53, and the other end 522 is fitted with the balance sleeve 54. Further, a threaded portion 55 is provided in the central portion of the adjustment bolt 52, and the control block 551 is screwed in.

A recovery spring 552 is provided between the upper and lower adjusting bolts 52 of the control block 551 and the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 41, and control columnar projections 553 are provided upright on both sides of the control block 551. .

The rotary sliding block 56 is the block 56.
Freely provided so as to slide in the left inside the rotary cylinder 41 via a Shirubejiku 561 fixed to the left side of the through rotating cylinders 41, Shirubejiku 56 orthogonally controlled cylindrical protrusion 562 is erected 1 Has been done. Further, a shaft head 57 on the axle 3 side is attached to an end wall of the rotary sliding block 56, and is rotatably supported in the central hole 11 of the eccentric wheel 1 via a large number of roller balls 13 to support the eccentric wheel 1. It is driven and rotated.
Further, a protrusion shaft 571 is erected on the left side of the vicinity of the outer periphery of the shaft head 57, and the protrusion shaft 571 is connected to the guide groove 6 of the balance device 6.
It is inserted in 31.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lever plates 58 are provided on the left and right sides of the rotary slide block 56 and the control block 551, respectively, and both of them are lever shafts 581 provided in the rotary cylinder 41.
And an opening 5 provided at the left end of each lever plate 58.
Reference numeral 82 is fitted to the control columnar projection 562 of the rotary slide block 56, and the opening 59 provided at the right end has the control block 5
When 51 moves up and down, it engages corresponding to the control columnar projection 553 of the control block 551, and the rotary sliding block 5
6 is moved up and down in the direction opposite to the control block 551 about the lever shaft 581, and the center axis 100 of the eccentric wheel 1 is moved.
And the distance between the output axle center axis line 300 and R ₁ is changed from R ₁ to R ₂ .

The balancer 6 is composed of two fan-shaped blades 61, 61a, as shown in FIGS. Each fan-shaped blade 61, 61 a is rotatably provided in the central hole 36 of the turntable 31 by the short shaft 35 of the output axle shaft 3.

Each fan-shaped blade 61, 61a has a shaft hole 64, 6
The guide plates 63, 63a are formed in an arc shape and extend outward from the vicinity of 4a. The guide plates 63, 63a have guide grooves 631, 631a formed therein, and the guide grooves 631, 631a are formed in the guide plates 63, 63a. The protruding shaft 571 on the shaft head 57 is inserted.

The two fan-shaped blades 61 and 61a and the two arc-shaped guide grooves 631 and 631a are formed in a bilaterally symmetrical relationship with the short shaft 35 as the center, and the lever plate 58 is operated to operate the eccentric wheel 1. When the distance between the center axis 100 of the and the center axis 300 of the output axle 3 becomes the farthest (R _{2 in} FIG. 1),
As shown in Fig. 4, insert into the guide grooves 631 and 631a.
The protruding shaft 571 of the shaft head 57 is formed into the guide grooves 631 and 631.
A position far from the center of the short axis 35 of a is reached, and the weight 6
The center of gravity of _2, 62a is in the direction opposite to R ₂ and is most central axis 30
Far from 0. On the contrary, when the inter-axis distance is closest as shown in FIG. 2 (R _{1 in} FIG. 2 ), the protruding shaft 57 of the shaft head 57 is guided by the guide grooves 631, 63 as shown in FIG.
The center of gravity of the weights 62, 62a moves closest to the center axis 300. Thus, to compensate for unbalance by eccentric rotation of the eccentric wheel 1, and to stabilize the operation of the present invention to eliminate the vibrations. Of course weight 6
The weight of 2, 62a must be commensurate with the degree of eccentricity of the eccentric wheel 1.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. In the case of shifting using the continuously variable transmission according to the present embodiment, when the drive axle 4 is rotated by the drive wheel, the rotating cylinder 41 is rotated.
The rotation of the rotary cylinder 41 is transmitted to the adjusting bolt 52, the lever plate 58 and the rotary sliding block 56 of the speed change adjusting device 5, and the eccentric wheel 1 is centered on the central axis line 300 of the output axle shaft 3. The driven object output wheel that is rotated and connected to the output axle 3 is driven.

In this case, the central axis 10 of the eccentric wheel 1
As the eccentric radius between 0 and the central axis 300 of the output axle 3 is smaller (for example, R1), the rotation speed of the output axle 3 is slower, and conversely, when the eccentric radius is larger (for example, R2), the output axle 3
The rotation speed of becomes faster.

When the center axis 100 of the eccentric wheel 1 approaches the center axis 300, R1 approaches 0, and R2
The gear ratio (R2 / R1) between R1 and R1 is infinite.
That is, the rotation speed of the output axle 3 is approximately directly proportional to the eccentric radius.

Therefore, the present embodiment provides a continuously variable transmission in which the eccentric distance can be freely adjusted, and is not limited by the output axle 3 and has a much larger gear ratio than the conventional transmission. Will be obtained.

To adjust the gear ratio, the control stick 512 is rotated forward to move the control sleeve 51, as shown in FIG.
When it is moved to the B side, the conical annular groove 513 in the control sleeve 51 is brought into frictional contact with the inclined roller 53 to rotate.

In this case, when the drive axle 4 rotates in the clockwise direction C to drive the adjusting bolt 52, the tilt roller 5
3 also rotates in the clockwise direction F, and as shown in FIG.
The control block 551 provided in 2 is moved downward in the figure by the screw action. As a result, the control columnar projection 553 also moves downward together with the lever plate 58, and the rotary slide block 56 moves upward through the lever plate 58 as shown in the figure, thereby setting a large eccentric radius R2. Therefore, the rotation speed of the output axle 3 becomes faster. If the operation is performed in reverse, the rotation speed becomes slow.

The return springs 552 provided above and below the adjusting bolts 52 have a function of returning springs 552 when the control block 551 moves up or down along the adjusting bolts 52 and tries to escape from the threaded portion of the adjusting bolts 52. The force limits the overshoot of the control block 551. Also,
When the adjusting bolt 52 changes its rotation in the opposite direction, the control block 551 is pushed by the return spring 552 and screwed into the threaded portion 55 again, so that the same stroke of the control block 551 is limited and the complete movement from the threaded portion 55. Prevent desorption.

According to the above-described shift adjusting device 5 of the present invention, the eccentric wheel 1 can be moved to set the continuously variable transmission ratio in a very wide range, and the balance device 6 compensates the unbalance due to the eccentric transmission. Therefore, the stability is maintained even at high speed rotation, the shift adjustment far superior to that of the conventional technique can be performed, and the practicality is further enhanced.

The present invention can be applied to the transportation industry and other various transmissions, but is not limited to such fields. For example, a power system of a machine tool, a conveyor such as a belt conveyor, or a robot. It can be used for a mechanism that needs to transmit various kinds of power, such as a power transmission mechanism of an arm.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the eccentric rotary motion of the shaft head that is eccentrically mounted on the drive shaft is used as the moving motion of the roller through the long hole of the eccentric wheel, and the roller is moved. As the movement is made to rotate the rotary disc in the position direction by the slide block on the fixed disc side and the slide block on the rotary disc side, a large gear ratio can be obtained, and even if it is eccentric rotation, there is little vibration and damage to the machine. Thus, the continuously variable transmission can be easily assembled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a gear ratio is adjusted to the maximum.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the gear ratio of the embodiment is adjusted to around 0.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of a main part of the shift adjusting device of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the balance weight is away from the center of the axle when the gear ratio of the embodiment is maximized.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the balance weight is close to the center of the axle when the gear ratio of the embodiment is minimized.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a slide block of the same embodiment.

7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the lever plate and the cylindrical protrusion in a state where the lever plate of the embodiment is raised upward.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between the lever plate and the columnar protrusion in a state where the lever plate of the embodiment is lowered downward.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an eccentric wheel and a slide block of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Eccentric wheel, 2 ... Fixed platen, 3
Output shaft, 4 Drive shaft, 40
0 ... Axis of drive shaft, 5 ... Shift adjusting device,
6 ... Balance device, 7 ... Main body, 11
… Central hole, 12… Long hole, 14…
Roller, 141 ... Central axis, 1
5, 15a ... Slide block, 22, 32 ... Concentric annular grooves, 22a, 32a ... Projection edge, 31 ...
Turntable, 35 ... Minor axis, 41 ...
Rotating cylinder, 51 ... Control sleeve, 51
2 ... Operation rod, 513 ... Annular groove, 5
2 ... adjusting bolt, 53 ... inclined roller,
54 ... balance sleeve, 55 ... screw part,
551 ... Control block, 552 ... Return spring, 553 ... Projection, 56 ... Rotating / sliding block, 562 ... Projection, 57 ... Shaft head,
571 ... Projection shaft, 100 ... Shaft head axis line, 58 ... Lever plate, 61, 61a ...
Fan-shaped blades, 63, 63a ... Guide plate, 63
1, 631a ... Guide groove, 64, 64a ... Shaft hole.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A drive shaft (4) and an output axle (3) are rotatably provided on a main body (7) made of a closed casing so as to have the same axis line, and an inner end of the main body of the drive shaft (4). The rotary cylinder (41) is attached to the side, and the tip of the rotary cylinder (41) is rotatably supported with respect to the main body (7).
A flat turntable (31) is attached to the inner end of the body of (3), and the turntable (31) and the body (7) are attached to the body (7) by bolts (28) via springs (29) and linings (27). The flat fixed plate (2) attached is installed oppositely, and a flat eccentric wheel (1) is provided between the fixed plate (2) and the rotary plate (31), and the eccentric wheel (1) is provided. Is the central hole (1
1) and a plurality of elongated holes (12) extending in the radial direction are formed, and the central hole (11) is configured to be movable in a direction orthogonal to the axis within the rotating cylinder (41). A shaft head (57) is rotatably fitted to the tip of the attached rotary sliding block (56), and the shaft head (57) is driven by the axis line (100) of the shaft head (57). axis
(4) is eccentric with respect to the axis line (400) and is connected to the drive shaft (4) via a speed change adjusting device (5) for adjusting the amount of eccentricity, and the shaft head (57) is the rotary disk. It has a protruding shaft (571) protruding toward the (31) side, and connects this protruding shaft (571) and the short shaft (35) protruding from the rotating disk (31) side. As described above, a balance device (6) for absorbing the amount of eccentricity by the eccentric wheel (1) is provided, and movable rollers (14) are respectively provided in the elongated holes (12), and the roller (14) is provided. The central axis (141) provided in the central axis (141) is provided so as to pass through the elongated hole (12).
A slide block (15, 15a) that can slide in one direction inside concentric annular grooves (32, 22) formed concentrically on the fixed plate (2) and the rotary plate (31), respectively. A continuously variable transmission having a large gear ratio, which is characterized by being attached. 2. The concentric annular groove (32,22), wherein the slide block (15,15a) has a protruding edge (22a, 32a) formed on an outer circumference thereof.
The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the continuously variable transmission is provided inside and has short legs. 3. The shift adjusting device (5) includes the main body (7).
Operation rod (512) provided by inserting the
The control sleeve (51), which is attached to the tip of (2) and is provided along the outer circumference of the rotary cylinder (41), and further has an annular groove (513) formed inside, penetrates the rotary cylinder (41). Further, an adjusting bolt (52) rotatably provided with respect to the rotating cylinder (41), and an inclined surface loosely fitted in the annular groove (513) attached to one end of the adjusting bolt (52). A tilting roller (53) having a balance sleeve (54) attached to the other end of the adjusting bolt (52), and a control screwed to a screw part (55) provided on the adjusting bolt (52). Block (551)
And a lever plate (58) connecting between the protrusion (553) protruding from the control block (551) and the protrusion (562) provided on the rotary sliding block (56), Adjustment bolt (5
In 2), a return spring (552) for returning the control block (551) is provided between the rotary cylinder (41) and the control block (551). Continuously variable transmission. 4. The balance device (6) includes two fan-shaped blades (61, 61a) having the shaft (64, 64a) formed in the center of the shaft, and the short shaft (35) inserted through the shaft hole (64, 64a). Each of the fan-shaped blades (61, 61a) has a guide plate (63, 63a) extended in an arc shape.
(3, 63a) the guide shaft (631, 631a) formed in the projection shaft
The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein (571) is loosely fitted.