JP2562420B2 - Shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to a shock absorber which can be used for a wall of a stadium or a guardrail of a road which needs to absorb or reduce the shock of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an accident, a vehicle is in contact with an obstacle for only 1/10 to 2/10 seconds, but when traveling at 100 km / h, the vehicle travels about 28 m per second. Especially in ultra high-speed car races such as F-1 races where the maximum speed of a car may exceed 300km / h, the impact of a collision with a wall due to a steering wheel error or an accident can be extremely large, resulting in loss of human life. Many have occurred. Further, since the front surface of the automobile is reinforced by the engine and the suspension is also large, there is a lot of chance that the occupant's living space can be maintained even if the front portion collides. On the other hand, the side surface of the automobile is a very weak part because it has only a thin steel door. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the main structure of the F-1. Although the shock absorbing structure (1) is provided on the side surface and the entire surface of the monocoque, it is installed on the conventional monocoque because a very large impact force is applied at the time of a collision. The impact absorption structure alone cannot protect the safety of passengers. For example, when the vehicle goes off the course at a corner and collides with a wall, it is considered that the centrifugal force is further related to the impulse of the vehicle body weight × speed.

[0003]

When a wall collision occurs, the vehicle on the side opposite to the collision side rises, and there is a risk of so-called north diving and rolling over. At this time, if there is a rollover prevention function on the collision wall surface side, a major accident can be prevented, so such a device has been desired.

When a collision occurs, the speed of the car changes suddenly,
The occupant tries to continue the movement by inertia unless it is firmly fixed to the car. Therefore, the most common injury mechanism is that the occupant moves relative to the car and hits somewhere inside to be injured. The collision of the car itself is the primary collision, the collision between the occupant and the inside of the car is the secondary collision, and even if the occupant's body suddenly stops due to the secondary collision, the internal organ officials try to continue the same movement, and the collision occurs in the body. It is a collision.

It can be said that human beings are the most vulnerable to side impacts. This is because the muscles have a very weak structure in terms of human body structure. With regard to the neck in particular, problems such as whiplash occur with front and rear impacts, but there are few cases in which the clavicle, sternum, and occipital region support and lead to life loss, while from the left and right To the impact of lateral hyperextension injury, fracture,
Ligament injuries often occur, and when ligament injuries are added, paralysis such as quadriplegia often occurs in lower nerve central disorders,
In upper central nervous system disorders, respiratory paralysis often occurs and is fatal. Also, when the head is injured at the time of a collision, cerebrovascular disorder mainly occurs. In recent years, wearing a seatbelt is obligatory, and the occupant does not slide to the side at the time of impact, and since the impact acts on the occupant in a straight line without impact, it causes bleeding in the chest cavity or abdominal cavity. It is often in a dangerous state such as with. For example,
Tensile pneumothorax, bronchial injury, etc. are caused by impacts from the upper side (mainly on the lungs), and rupture of the liver is caused by impacts from the central side (mainly on the liver and kidneys). Renal rupture,
Impacts from the lower side (mainly impacts on the intestines) often cause damage to the mesenteric arteries, both of which are fatal and fatal.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the shock absorber of the present invention is such that the lower half of the surface side of the shock absorber main body formed of a solid elastic body is recessed toward the center from the lower end. A shock absorber auxiliary body having a plurality of hollow chambers arranged in parallel in the width direction is integrally mounted on the upper half of the front side of the shock absorber body while projecting in a curved shape. The partition that separates each hollow chamber is made thicker toward the back side,
The gist is that a plurality of through holes are formed in these partition walls.

The elastic body is a mixture of various raw rubbers and vulcanized rubbers thereof, or a rubber-based composite material having rubber, particles or fibers as a base material. Short fiber reinforced rubber, long fiber reinforced rubber, cellular rubber, latex, etc. are considered. Further, any material may be used as long as it is a material having durability and elasticity to some extent, such as a new material, a superelastic functional material.

[0008]

According to the present invention, since the lower half of the surface side of the shock absorber body formed of a solid elastic body is projected in a concave shape toward the center from the lower end, the vehicle body on the wall collision side and the tire are curved. It is possible to enter inside, reduce the impact at the time of a collision, and prevent the body from surfacing and rolling over at the time of a collision. Further, since the shock absorber auxiliary body having a plurality of hollow chambers arranged in parallel in the width direction is integrally mounted on the upper half of the front surface of the shock absorber body, the hollow portion serves as a cushion at the time of collision. Further, since the partition wall that partitions each hollow chamber of the auxiliary body is made thicker toward the back surface side, it is possible to flexibly deform depending on the direction and degree of impact. Further, since a plurality of through holes are formed in these partition walls, the air compressed by the impact can flow out.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Example 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of straight lines and corners in which an impact absorber according to an example of the present invention is used for a stadium wall of an F-1 race. 2 is an explanatory view of a shock absorber according to one embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
2B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. Reference numeral (2) is a shock absorber body, which is integrally formed of hard rubber together with the supporting outer peripheral portions (12) of the shock absorber auxiliary body (4) and the concave curved protrusion portions of (3). (4) is an impact absorber auxiliary body, which is made of hard rubber like (2) and (3), and has a plurality of hollow chambers (5) arranged in parallel as shown in FIG. 2 (b). However, the number of partition walls (6) that form the boundary between the hollow chambers is small.
It is formed to have a thickness of from cm to several tens of cm, and in this embodiment, it is thicker toward the back surface side (7). Further, each partition wall (6) is provided with a through hole (8) so that air can flow out between the adjacent hollow chambers.

The shock absorber auxiliary body (4) is completely housed in the support outer peripheral portion (12). However, this support outer peripheral portion (12) is not provided, and the shock absorber auxiliary body (4)
May be integrally bonded and placed so as to contact the upper end surface (9) of the concave curved protrusion (3) and the upper surface (10) of the shock absorber body (2). As a bonding method, a general method may be adopted as long as it is suitable for bonding an elastic body such as a resin. Furthermore, the position of the convex portion (11) of the shock absorber auxiliary body (4) is
When a player rides on a race car and collides with a wall as shown in FIG. 4, the player's head is lifted along with the vehicle body.

When such a shock absorber is used for straight lines and corners of a stadium wall, when the race car goes out of the course and approaches the wall, as shown in FIG. 4, first, the wheel on the wall side of the race car is Since it enters the lower part of the concave protrusion (3), the running posture is not abruptly collapsed, and even if the vehicle body floats due to the inertia force of the vehicle speed, the protrusion ( 11) acts as a stopper and can prevent the vehicle from rolling over. In addition, the convex portion (1
In 1), at the same time, it is possible to catch the collision of the head of the occupant with the wall when the vehicle body floats up like a cushion. On the other hand, FIG. 3 shows a case where a vehicle body collides against a conventional concrete vertical wall. First, the contact side wheel is destroyed and damaged by the impact of hitting the concrete vertical wall. However, because the occupant crashes into the wall, including the car body, the head receives a strong impact from the side, resulting in fatal cervical spine damage, and in most cases the occupant's life is lost.

Further, FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show the bending state when the shock absorber auxiliary body (4) receives a shock from the direction of the arrow, and (a) is substantially parallel to the wall. In the figure, the case of a collision from an oblique direction is shown, and (b) shows the case of a collision almost perpendicular to the wall. As is clear from the figure, in the case of an impact from an oblique direction substantially parallel to the wall, the air in the hollow chamber (5) can flow out through the through hole (8) and the shock absorber auxiliary body (4). Since the elastic body itself can bend, it can flexibly cope with deformation. On the other hand, as shown in (b),
In the case of collision with the wall almost vertically, the impact can be firmly received due to the structure of the partition wall thickened toward the back surface side (7). At this time, the through hole (8) is completely closed by the impact from the front, and the entire air in the hollow chamber (5) plays the role of a cushion.

Example 2 As shown in FIG. 6, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the shape of the shock absorber auxiliary body (4) in Example 1 was rectangular and the material was rigid polyurethane foam. It is applied to a guardrail. In the figure (2
Reference numeral 1) is a shock absorber body, which is integrally formed of rigid polyurethane foam together with the concave projection of (23). Reference numeral (24) is a shock absorber auxiliary body, which is made of particle-reinforced rubber. As in the first embodiment, a plurality of hollow chambers are arranged in parallel to form boundaries between the hollow chambers. The partition wall is formed with a thickness of several cm to several tens of cm, and also in this embodiment, the partition wall is made thicker toward the back surface side (27). Further, each partition wall is provided with a through hole so that air can flow out between the adjacent hollow chambers. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the through hole, particularly the through hole near the surface, is a bush (28) made of a hollow cylindrical metal or the like to prevent laceration due to wind and rain.
Inset. The surface of the shock absorber auxiliary body (2
The vertical length of 5) is reflected in the height of a wide variety of vehicles, especially 50 cm to 85 cm so that it can absorb the shock no matter where the driver or passenger's head is located. It is desirable to take the length of. Further, by increasing the length in the vertical direction of the surface (25) of the shock absorber auxiliary body in this way, it becomes possible to fulfill the role of shock absorption also on the chest and abdomen of the driver and passengers.

When such a guardrail is used, when the car goes off the course and approaches the guardrail in a curve as in the first embodiment, first, the wheel on the guardrail side of the car enters the lower portion of the concave curved projection (23). Therefore, the running posture is not suddenly collapsed, and the protruding portion (26) that reaches the surface (25) of the shock absorber auxiliary body (24) due to the inertial force of the vehicle speed reaches the surface (25) of the shock absorber auxiliary body (24). It can prevent the vehicle from rolling over. Further, the projecting portion (26) can simultaneously receive the collision of the head of the occupant with the guard rail when the vehicle body floats up like a cushion. Further, it has a function of protecting the abdominal cavity from the impact from the side part of the vehicle body.

[0015]

As described above, according to the shock absorber of the present invention, since the shock absorber is formed in accordance with the shape of the vehicle body of the vehicle that collides, the wheel at the time of collision has a concave curved projection portion. Entering the car, the driving posture does not collapse suddenly. Also, due to the inertial force of the vehicle speed, the convex portion of the shock absorber auxiliary body functions as a stopper even when the vehicle body floats, and the vehicle can be prevented from rolling over. Furthermore, the shock absorber auxiliary body can catch the collision of the occupant's head against the wall like a cushion when the vehicle body floats up at the same time, and as a result, it prevents fatal cervical spine damage and intra-abdominal damage. can do. The shock absorber of the present invention can be applied as a shock absorber for all kinds of shocks.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a straight line and a corner portion in which a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention is used for a stadium wall.

2A and 2B are explanatory views of a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 and FIG.
It is a BB sectional view of (a).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a case where a vehicle body collides with a vertical concrete wall.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of a collision with a wall when a player rides on a race car.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing a bending state when the shock absorber auxiliary body receives a shock from the arrow direction, FIG. 5A shows a case where the shock absorber auxiliary body collides from a diagonal direction substantially parallel to a wall, and FIG. The figure shows the case of a collision with the wall almost vertically.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention.

7A and 7B are explanatory views of a bush provided in a shock absorber according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7A is a schematic overall view of the bush, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view of the shock absorber provided with the bush. is there.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the main structure of a conventional race car.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 21 Shock absorber main body 3, 23 Recessed curved protrusion 4, 24 Impact absorber auxiliary body 5 Hollow chamber 6 Partition wall 7 Back surface side 8 Through hole 9 Upper end surface 10 Upper surface 11 Convex portion 12 Supporting outer peripheral portion 25 Surface 26 Projection Part 27 Back side 28 Bush

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shock absorber main body formed of a solid elastic body has a lower surface side half portion protruding in a concave shape toward the center from a lower end, and an upper half surface side portion of the shock absorber main body. , A shock absorber auxiliary body in which a plurality of hollow chambers are arranged in parallel in the width direction is integrally mounted, and the partition walls that partition the hollow chambers of the auxiliary body are made thicker toward the rear surface side, and A shock absorber characterized by having a plurality of through holes formed in the.