JP2559845B2 - Coil spring automatic manufacturing method and device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to an automatic coil spring manufacturing method and apparatus.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, coil spring manufacturing and hot manufacturing are generally performed by the following processes. That is, a steel material for a coil spring having a predetermined cross-sectional shape and dimensions is cut into a certain length, and this steel material for a coil spring is heated to a predetermined temperature in a heating furnace, and then this is made into a core type. The coil spring is wound into a predetermined shape and size by winding to form a coil spring shape, which is continuously subjected to heat treatment such as quenching and tempering, and then a finishing step is performed to obtain a desired coil spring. . Since there are various types of coil springs manufactured through such steps, it is easily conceivable that the length and the diameter of the coil spring steel material are innumerable. For this reason, as a coil spring manufacturer, these many types of steel materials for coil springs must be kept in stock at all times, and if at all, coil springs made from the stocked steel materials. If there is a design change, etc., or if the newly ordered coil spring is not compatible with the stock coil spring steel material, the stock coil spring steel material may be partially cut. It is not uncommon for this not only to cause a very bad product yield, but in some cases even to have to discard all of the steel for coil springs, since it becomes necessary to apply them. Further, if it is not possible to process some of the stock coil spring steel materials in time, it is necessary to order a new coil spring steel material having a desired cross-sectional shape and dimensions, but by the hand However, it is often experienced that it usually takes a long time, and thus it is difficult to satisfy the delivery time of the ordered coil spring.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Therefore, in view of the above problems in the conventional coil spring manufacturing method, the present invention provides a novel and improved hot coil spring capable of solving such problems. It is an object of the invention to obtain a continuous manufacturing method and a device for carrying out this method.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The automatic manufacturing method of the coil spring according to the present invention, in manufacturing the coil spring having a desired cross section and dimensions,
At least, prepare a long coil spring steel material having a cross section and dimensions larger than this cross section and dimensions, and continuously draw this long coil spring steel material at a predetermined speed. After heating it to the required hot rolling temperature continuously, it is automatically moved toward the steel for coil springs so that the center of the diameter of several calibers or dies is on the extension of the steel for coil springs. The desired cross section of the coil spring is obtained by hot rolling through a rolling mill that moves automatically, or the center of the diameter of several calibers or dies is the steel material for coil springs without heating. Of the coil spring by automatically moving it toward the steel for coil springs as shown in the above drawing, and then rolling or drawing to obtain the desired cross section of the coil spring. And cutting the steel material for the coil spring having the desired cross section and dimensions in this manner into a desired coil spring through an end face processing machine, and Reheat or heat the cut steel for coil springs to a predetermined quenching temperature as necessary, and coil the reheated or heated steel for coil springs to form a coil spring material of the desired size. And the molded coil spring material,
Subsequently, it consists of each process of heat treatment such as quenching and tempering, and the production amount for each product type is input to the centralized control device in advance to lower the heating temperature at the stage change, This is a control method to prevent overheating of steel materials. Further, the automatic manufacturing method of the coil spring according to the present invention has a cross section and a dimension which are at least larger than the cross section and the dimension which are prepared in advance in manufacturing the coil spring having the desired cross section and the dimension. Pinch rolls for continuously pulling out long coil spring steel materials, heating furnaces for heating the coil spring steel materials, and cutting and tip crushing for cutting and crushing the coil spring steel materials. And a rolling machine or a drawing machine located downstream of the tip crushing machine and automatically moving toward the coil spring steel so that the center of diameter of several kinds of calibers or dies is on the extension of the coil spring steel. And a cutting machine including end face processing for preventing dripping of the steel material for the coil spring, a reheating furnace or a heating furnace, a coiling machine, and a heat treatment apparatus in series And a centralized control device configured to input the production amount for each product type to a centralized control system in advance and to lower the heating temperature at the time of stage change to prevent overheating of the coil spring steel. It is a structure having.

【Example】

A preferred embodiment of an automatic coil spring manufacturing method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. A. Schematic Description of Manufacturing Process First, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall arrangement of an apparatus or equipment for carrying out the method of the present invention. In this schematic diagram, the upper row shows coils. A process of manufacturing a coil spring after rolling a spring steel material into a predetermined cross section and dimensions by hot working, and a process of manufacturing a coil spring after forming a predetermined contour and dimensions by drawing in the lower row as well. , Respectively, are shown. The process of manufacturing the coil spring by the series of devices or equipment will be described as follows. A long steel material 1 for coil spring having a certain constant cross-sectional shape and dimensions, which has at least a larger cross-sectional shape and dimensions than the desired cross-sectional shape and dimensions, is wound into a coil shape and is used as an original material. put prepared as a material 1 _0. The coil spring steel material 1 thus prepared is continuously charged into the heating furnace 3 by the pinch rolls 2 and heated. However, heating is not necessary in the case of drawing. The heating furnace 3 is heated by induction heating or combustion of oil, gas, etc., and heats the coil spring steel material 1 to a predetermined temperature. The heated steel material 1 for coil springs is sent to a cutting machine 4 having a tip crusher to crush the tip, and the tip is crushed to a caliber of a rolling mill 5 or a die of a drawing machine 5 '. Makes insertion easy. Next, the coil spring steel material 1 whose tip is crushed is sent to a rolling mill 5 or a drawing machine 5'in the next step.
Since there are several kinds of calibers or dies (see the explanation below), shavings, rolling mill 5,
Or, the pull-out machine 5'is set to the required caliber, or
The diameter of the die is automatically moved toward the coil spring steel 1 so that the center of the diameter is on the extension of the coil spring steel 1. In addition, the rolling mill 5 or the drawing machine 5'which has been moved.
In each, it is supplied with inserter 5 _0, through the inserter 5 _0, the mill 5 or withdrawal machine 5 ', steel coil spring 1 is inserted from its collapsed distal portion Then, it is rolled or drawn to have a predetermined diameter. Then, the steel material 1 for coil spring is sent from the rolling mill 5 or the drawing machine 5'to the cutting machine 6, and the steel material 1 for coil spring is cut into a length required by a desired coil spring.
In this case, the cut surface, so-called because it may "languish", the end face processing machine 6 ₀ shall be appointed by included with the cutting machine 6. The steel material 1 for coil springs having the desired cross-section, size and length is sent to the reheating furnace 8 (in the case of hot rolling) or the heating furnace 8 '(in the case of pultrusion molding) by the conveyor 7. However, reheating causes the temperature of the steel material 1 for coil springs to
Only when the quenching temperature is below 720 ° C,
The heating is performed so that the entire length becomes a quenching temperature, for example, 800 to 850 ° C., but in the case of drawing, the entire length of the coil spring steel material 1 is heated to this quenching temperature. The reheated or heated steel material 1 for coil spring is similarly transported to the coiling machine 10 by the conveyor 9 and wound around the cored bar to be hot-formed into a predetermined coil spring material 1 '. To do. Incidentally, this is the inlet portion of the coiling machine 10, and one which comes with inserter (loader) 10 ₀ steel coil spring 1. Thus hot forming process is subjected to a coil spring material 1 'is subjected to a heat treatment of quenching 11 and temper 12 is completed to the desired coil spring 1 _00. B. Details of Main Steps and the Like Above, the outline of each step or apparatus and equipment according to the method of the present invention has been described. Next, a supplementary explanation will be given to the main step or apparatus and the like in somewhat detail. 'Since it is expected that the coil spring steel material 1 will stay in the heating furnace 3 for a longer period of time when changing stages, than in the case of continuous coiling, the production amount for each product type is controlled in advance by the central control device (50 ) (Details will be described later), the heating temperature at the time of step change is lowered, and control is performed so that the steel material 1 for the coil spring is not overheated. Cutting machines 4 and 6 with'and 'tip crushers attached
Is provided before and after the rolling machine 5 or the drawing machine 5 '. When the processing of the steel material 1 for coil spring of one type is finished, the cutting machine 4 of is used, and the same type is continuously used. The cutting machine 6 is used when manufacturing or molding the coil spring. In this way, the discard amount of the coil spring steel material 1 can be reduced as much as possible. (Note that it is also possible to automatically perform these cutting operations by inputting the production quantity in the central control system in advance, as will be described later.) ₁ Rolling mill 5, Alternatively, the pulling machine 5'also automatically comes to the next caliber or the die position at the time of changing the stage and is automatically changed by the signal from the central control system at the same time as the signal of the end of the changing stage. It shall be appointed comprising an insertion machine (manipulators) 5 ₀ that can be in their mechanical inserting a steel coil spring 1. The ' ₂ rolling mill 5 is movably arranged on a foundation G, as shown in FIG.
By providing a large number of calibers R ₀ having different required diameters and bringing a desired caliber R ₀ in balance, it becomes possible to roll the steel material 1 for coil springs of a desired size. . ′ ₃ Furthermore, as shown in FIG. ₃ , the rolling mill 5 arranges a plurality of pairs of rolls R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ in the direction of the pass line P, and sequentially reduces the caliber to reduce the coil spring. The diameter d of the steel material 1 for use can be rolled to a desired diameter d '. _'4 In addition, after the mill 5, for example, by combining the additional rolling mill 5 ₁ as shown in FIG. 4, it is also possible to manufacture the tapered material. That is, as shown in the figure, a series of roll pairs A, B, C, D are installed and placed, and the diameters of the rolls A to D are da, db, dc, dd, respectively, da>db>dc> dd and the rolls A to D of each pair touch each other in the tangential plane T-T, and at the same time, the centers of the rolls A to D are, for example, the same straight line X. When lying on -X, the distance between their common tangent line TT and the straight line XX connecting the center lines of the rolls A to D of each pair is determined by the steel material for coil springs. When viewed in the direction of the arrow P indicating the pass line 1 of FIG.
Then, the arrangement is such that a> b.
In this way, a taper can be created by raising and lowering these roll pairs A-D. In addition,
The vertical movements of the roll pairs A to D can be performed by inputting them in the central control device (50) in advance and designating the product number. Further, in the figure, the pair D of the rearmost roll is a finishing roll. In this case, since the steel material 1 for coil springs may be flat to some extent, a vertical roll is incorporated outside these rolls. Further, these roll pairs A to D can be controlled to move up and down to have arbitrary dimensions based on data measured by a length measuring device L separately installed. Controller (50
Shall be under the control of. The power for moving the roll pairs A to D up and down is a motor or
Hydraulic drive means shall be used. Further, each of these roll pairs A-D, as described previously,
Since it is possible to have a large number of calibers (see FIG. 3), it is possible to make the coil spring steel material 1 having a desired size (taper size) by appropriately selecting them. ′ The reheating furnace 8 or the heating furnace 8 ′ is used when the temperature of the coil spring material 1 ′ after coiling is the quenching temperature in the case of hot rolling, for example, when it is expected that the temperature will be 720 ° C. or less. In the case of pulling out, the heating is performed so that the total length of the coil spring material 1'is generally 800 ° C to 850 ° C. I shall. 'For quenching, the temperature of coil spring material 1'is 720 ℃
When it is carried out so as not to fall below, it is possible to expect a reduction in grain size, and it is possible to withstand the durability and high stress of the manufactured coil spring. Higher quality is expected than coil springs. C. Centralized Control Device Next, an example of a centralized control device for automatically operating the method of the present invention will be described. a. This control device performs the rolling work of the coil spring steel material 1 and the coiling work operation continuously, so that the coil spring steel material 1 that may be caused by the difference in processing speed between the two works. The purpose is to eliminate slack and process delay. That is, since the coiling work uses the core metal that rotates at the same speed,
Naturally, the peripheral speed of the core metal varies depending on the diameter of the core metal.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, based on this peripheral speed,
By rotating the rolling mill 5 and the pinch roll 2,
For example, the induction heater 30 is also adjusted so that the heating temperature is always constant. For this purpose, thermometers T ₁ and T ₂ are provided in front of and behind the rolling mill 5, and the heating temperature of the induction heater 30 is adjusted according to the temperatures measured by these thermometers T ₁ and T _2. To do. For this purpose, these thermometers T ₁ , T ₂ and the induction heater 30 are connected to the centralized control device 50. The rolling mill 5 is also connected to the central control device 50, and the required center of the caliber is the center of the pass line P depending on the required diameter of the steel material 1 for coil spring and the instruction from the central control device 50. To match, move left and right on the foundation G (see FIG. 2). b. Also, before tapering the steel material 1 for coil springs,
It is possible to carry out as described with reference to FIG. 4, but in this case as well, the pairs A to D are adjusted to the desired taper shape based on the instruction from the central control device 50. To move up and down. In this case, it is assumed that the centralized control device 50 has been input with required data in advance and that each device is automatically controlled based on these data. c. The above is shown in FIG. 6 as a general schematic view of FIGS. 1 and 5 in the case of hot rolling. d. Further, the centralized control device 50 shown in FIGS.
Is shown in a little more detail as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. That is, as shown in these figures, the centralized control device 50 comprises an operation panel 51 and a centralized controller 52, and the operation panel 51 supplies required data to the centralized controller 52. A controller 61 is installed in the centralized controller 52, and from this controller 61, the timing (when the number of coils is 100, for example) when cutting the steel material 1 for coil springs is sent to the cutting machine 4. Be instructed. Although also performs an instruction of one of the steel coil springs 1, which corresponds to the length of the length cutting of the desired coil spring 1 _00, which is the length measuring device L that is installed separately, each time, cut Give instructions to machine 4. Further, the controller 61 receives an instruction of the diameter of the coil spring steel material 1 from the product number of the spring,
Is also moved to the right or left according to the desired caliber, and an instruction to set the machine to operate a plurality of rolling mill rolls so that the diameter becomes a specified diameter is also given. In addition, the controller 61 also provides a series of instructions such as for starting and stopping the coiling machine 10. The other controller 62 feeds back the data measured by the thermometers T ₁ and T ₂ before and after the rolling mill 5 and gives an instruction to the heater 30 of the heating furnace 3 based on these data. The steel material 1 for coil springs is allowed to always complete rolling at a constant temperature. Further, another controller 63 calculates the peripheral speed of the core metal at the time of coiling and gives the pinch roller 2 and the rolling mill 5 instructions of the feed speed and the rolling speed. Further, another controller 64 gives an instruction to the reheating furnace 8 or the heating furnace 8 ′ so that the coiling is coiled at a specified temperature by the thermometer T ₃ installed in the front part of the coiling machine 10. To do. D. Other than the mainly but the cross sectional shape of the desired coil spring 1 ₀₀ had consideration of the case is circular, the cross section may, if necessary, the outline of caliber rolling mill 5 It is also easy to form an elliptical shape by appropriately selecting.

【The invention's effect】

The present invention has a configuration as described above, and the centralized control device 50
Since the above-mentioned steps are automatically and continuously performed under the control of (1), the following effects are exhibited. That is, (1) In principle, a coil spring having a desired size within a certain range can be continuously and automatically manufactured without changing the diameter of a coil spring steel material as a starting material. (2) Heating the provided tip mashed equipped with cutting machine immediately after the furnace by (a) 4, when the product is changed also, without causing the waste in the steel coil spring 1, it can be used to switch the product 1 ₀₀ (3) The yield of the coil spring steel material is greatly improved (conventionally, the coil spring steel material needs to be cut at least twice, such as once in the manufacturer and once in the coil spring manufacturer. (4) It is possible to minimize the required stock amount of steel materials for coil springs of various sizes at coil spring manufacturers. (5) Limited to coil springs with a circular cross section. It is not to be, circular coil spring cross section but also, and the like that can be continuously produced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic layout view showing the overall layout of an apparatus or equipment for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a rolling mill, and FIG. 3 is a roll of a rolling mill. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement, FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of the arrangement of rolls for tapering a steel material for coil springs, and FIG. 5 is various devices or equipment in the arrangement shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship with a centralized control system for controlling them, and FIG. 6 is a thermometer for measuring the temperature of the steel material for coil spring in each part in the arrangement or equipment shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of FIG. 8 and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between various devices or equipment of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 and a centralized control device for controlling them.
The figure is a detailed view of the centralized control device. 1 ...... steel coil springs, 1 ₀ ...... coil spring of steel for raw materials, 1 ₀₀ ...... coil spring, 2 ...... pinch roll, 3 ...
… Heating furnace, 4 …… Cutting machine with tip crusher, 5… Rolling machine, 5 ′… Drawing machine, 6… Cutting machine, 7,9… Conveyor, 8… Reheater, 8 ′… … Heater, 10 …… Coiling machine, 11 …… Quenching, 12 …… Tempering, 50 …… Centralized control unit, 51 …… Control panel, 52 …… Controller, 61 ～ 64 …… Controller, A ～ D: Roll, L: Length measuring device, R _{1 to} R ₃ ...
… Rolls, T _{1 to} T ₃ … thermometers.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yutaka Amano 1-931 Shinonome, Koto-ku, Tokyo Inside the Tokyo Works, Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. (72) In-house 1-931 Shinonome, Koto-ku, Tokyo No. Mitsubishi Steel Mfg. Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 61-143567 (JP, A) JP 62-137133 (JP, A) JP 59-133326 (JP, A) JP 55 -115926 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. In manufacturing a coil spring having a desired cross section and dimensions, at least a long coil spring steel material having a cross section and dimensions larger than the cross section and dimensions is prepared. And continuously pulling out this long steel material for coil springs at a predetermined speed, and after continuously heating it to the required hot rolling temperature, it is the center of the diameter of several calibers or dies. To a desired cross section of the coil spring by hot rolling through a rolling mill that automatically moves toward the coil spring steel so that is on the extension of the coil spring steel, or , Without heating, it can be pulled out through a pulling machine that automatically moves toward the coil spring steel so that the center of diameter of several calibers or dies is on the extension of the coil spring steel. By rolling or drawing so that the desired cross section of the coil spring is obtained, and the steel material for the coil spring having the desired cross section and dimensions in this way is passed through the end face processing machine. Cutting to a length necessary for forming a desired coil spring, and reheating or cutting the cut coil spring steel material to a predetermined quenching temperature, if necessary, and reheating or From each process of forming a coil spring material of a desired size by coiling a heated steel material for a coil spring, and subsequently subjecting the formed coil spring material to a heat treatment of quenching and tempering In addition to being established, the production amount for each product type is input to the centralized control device in advance, and the heating temperature at the time of step change is lowered to control so as to prevent overheating of the coil spring steel material. Automatic method for producing a coil spring which is characterized and. 2. A coil spring having a desired cross section and dimensions, which is prepared in advance and has a length and a cross section and dimensions at least larger than this cross section and dimensions. Pinch roll for continuously pulling out the steel for steel, a heating furnace for heating the steel for coil spring, a cutting and crushing machine for cutting and crushing the steel for coil spring, and a crusher for the tip, A rolling mill or drawing machine which is located downstream and automatically moves toward the coil spring steel so that the center of the diameter of several calibers or dies is on the extension of the coil spring steel, and the coil spring steel. A cutting machine that includes end face processing to prevent sagging, a reheating furnace or a heating furnace, a coiling machine, and a heat treatment device are arranged in series, and An automatic coil spring characterized by having a central control device configured to input an amount in advance to a centralized control system, reduce the heating temperature at the time of step change, and prevent overheating of the coil spring steel material. Manufacturing equipment.