JP2555313B2 - Solid-state TV camera device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solid-state TV camera device.

BACKGROUND ART The performance of a TV camera using a solid-state image sensor (solid-state TV camera) has been rapidly improved due to improvement of a built-in solid-state image sensor. Particularly in consumer TV cameras, the output video signal of the TV camera is often recorded in the VTR. A VTR integrated TV camera (abbreviated as VTR / TV camera) has become popular because of its ease of operation.

Further, in the solid-state imaging device, a signal output from the solid-state imaging device is converted into a predetermined video signal by a signal processing circuit before being recorded or used.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION As described above, the solid-state image pickup device is not used alone, but constitutes a solid-state image pickup device together with a signal processing circuit for converting the signal into a predetermined video signal, and The video signal of the image pickup device is often recorded and used in the magnetic recording / reproducing device. Therefore, in order to further popularize the solid-state imaging device, it is necessary to simplify the entire system.

Further, in a consumer TV camera including a single-plate color solid-state image sensor, the image pickup signal is a consumer VTR (for example, VHS,
Beta, 8 mm). The above-mentioned consumer VTR adopts the low frequency conversion color difference signal recording method. Further, the single-plate color solid-state image pickup device generally synthesizes two predetermined types of color difference signals from the signals of a plurality of pixel rows. Color difference signal synthesis /
The color difference signal displayed after the recording / reproducing operation contains a unique false signal. Therefore, in order to promote the spread of the single-plate color TV camera, it is necessary to remove the above-mentioned unique false signal and improve the image quality of the single-plate color TV camera. An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned problems imposed on a solid-state imaging device. In order to solve the above problems, the present specification discloses two independent inventions. They have a very deep mutual relationship.

Note that Japanese Patent Application No. 60-72956 filed by the present applicant is prior art of the present invention.

 The basic features of each invention are disclosed below.

(1) An image pickup signal consisting of one of a signal of one pixel row, a signal sum of two adjacent pixel rows and a parallel read signal of two adjacent pixel rows is output in one horizontal scanning period, and the odd pixel rows are first A single-plate color solid-state image sensor in which color pixels and second color pixels are alternately arranged, and third pixel pixels and fourth color pixels are alternately arranged in an even-numbered pixel row, the image signal and the image signal 1H delay signal and a video signal composed of a luminance signal Y for one row and two kinds of color difference signals Ca and Cb are combined and output to a magnetic recording device and reproduced from the magnetic recording device. A solid-state TV camera device comprising a signal processing circuit for processing the video signal, wherein the signal processing circuit reproduces the luminance signal Y in the video signal output to the magnetic recording device and the magnetic recording device. The luminance signal Y in the video signal Solid TV camera apparatus characterized by either comprises a delay means for delaying the 1H period.

(2) The solid-state TV camera device according to claim 1, which has the magnetic recording device built therein.

(3) The solid-state TV camera device according to claim 1, wherein the delay means delays the luminance signal Y in the video signal output to the magnetic recording device for a period of 1H.

(4) The single-plate color solid-state image sensor outputs either a signal of one pixel row or a signal sum of adjacent two pixel rows in each horizontal scanning period, and the luminance signal Y is output in the Mth horizontal scanning period. The two types of color difference signals Ca and Cb that are combined from the image pickup signal and recorded at the same time as the luminance signal Y are combined from the image pickup signal that is output during the Mth horizontal scanning period and the (M + 1) th horizontal scanning period. A solid-state TV camera device according to claim 3.

(5) The single-plate color solid-state image sensor outputs parallel read signals of two adjacent pixel rows in each horizontal scanning period, and the luminance signal Y is mainly composed of image signals output from the (N + 1) th and (N + 2) th pixel rows. , The two types of color difference signals Ca and Cb recorded at the same time as the luminance signal Y are N + 2 and N + 3
The solid-state TV camera device according to claim 3, wherein the image pickup signals output from the pixel rows are mainly combined.

 The features and effects of the above invention will be described below.

In a conventional single-plate color solid-state image pickup device, two types of color difference signals included in one row of video signals output from a signal processing circuit are often combined from signals of adjacent pixel rows. This is to reduce the number of horizontal pixels of the single-plate color solid-state image pickup device, reduce false signals included in the high frequency band of the luminance signal, and improve the horizontal effective resolution of the luminance signal.
Of course, there is also an effect of improving the SN ratio of the color difference signal. The luminance signal is generally synthesized from the luminance signal from the signal of one or adjacent two pixel rows output in one horizontal scanning period. This is to ensure the vertical resolution of the luminance signal. Then, two types of color difference signals are synthesized from the signal of one or adjacent two pixel rows output in the same horizontal scanning period and the signal of one or adjacent two pixel rows output in the immediately preceding horizontal scanning period. However, in a solid-state image sensor (abbreviated as 2HR solid-state image sensor) that independently outputs signal charges of two adjacent pixel rows in one horizontal scan period, a luminance signal and two types of color difference signals are output in the same horizontal scan period. It can be synthesized from the signal charges of the adjacent two pixel rows. Therefore, the solid-state image sensor (abbreviated as 1HR solid-state image sensor) that outputs one pixel row in one horizontal scanning period and the solid-state image sensor (field that outputs the sum of signal charges of two adjacent pixel rows in one horizontal scanning period) (Abbreviated as a storage solid-state image sensor), the center of gravity of two types of color difference signals output from the signal processing circuit differs from the center of gravity of luminance signals output in the same period by one pixel row pitch in the vertical direction. The video signal (luminance signal and color difference signal) output from a consumer TV camera with a built-in single-plate color solid-state image sensor is generally recorded in a consumer VTR. And the VTR above
Uses a low-frequency conversion color difference signal recording method, the color difference signal output from the VTR is the sum of the color difference signals included in the adjacent two scanning line signals. That is, the color difference signal reproduced from the VTR is added with the color difference signal delayed by 1H and output in order to reduce crosstalk. As a result, the center of gravity of the luminance signal output from the VTR is vertically displaced from the center of gravity of the color difference signal by the spatial distance corresponding to one horizontal scanning period. As a result, when the video signal of the single-chip color TV camera is reproduced from the consumer VTR, the centers of gravity of the luminance signal and the color difference signals are displaced in the vertical direction. As a result, a false color signal is generated when the luminance signal or the color difference signal changes in the vertical direction. The false color signal is large in the horizontal contour portion and causes moire for light having a high frequency in the vertical direction.

An object of the present invention is to improve the above problems and reduce the false signal of the VTR recording the video signal of the single-plate color solid-state imaging device. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that a luminance signal and a color difference signal included in a video signal output from a solid-state imaging device have a phase difference. That is, the single-chip color TV camera of the present invention is characterized in that the luminance signal is composed of the signal that is output first from the solid-state image sensor with respect to the color difference signals that are output at the same time. By doing so, the luminance signal and the color difference signal can have the same barycentric position in the vertical direction of the screen, and the false color signal is reduced. It is also possible to delay the luminance signal reproduced from the VTR to reduce the vertical phase difference. That is, the above-mentioned luminance signal is output prior to the color difference signal (to the recording device or the display device), either when recorded in the VTR integrated with the solid-state imaging device or when reproduced from the VTR integrated with the solid-state imaging device. However, if the luminance signal is delayed by 1H when reproduced from the VTR, a VTR that does not have a delay means for delaying this luminance signal 1H
However, there is a drawback in that the effects cannot be obtained when the reproduction is performed with. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single-plate color solid-state imaging device of the present invention incorporates a VTR. In this way, the luminance signal 1H delay circuit used in the present invention can be used for the luminance signal or the color difference signal reproduced from the VTR.
It can be shared as a delay circuit with H delay. A circuit for delaying the playback luminance signal or playback color difference signal of the VTR by 1H is necessary for the dropout compensation circuit and the like. The present invention is 1HR,
It can be used for single-chip color solid-state imaging devices with output formats of field storage and 2HR.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION FIG. 1 is a pixel array diagram of a solid-state image sensor used in a 1HR single-plate color TV camera. Signals of N, N + 2, N + 4 pixel rows are sequentially output for each horizontal scanning period of the odd field period, and N + 1, N for each horizontal scanning period of the even field period.
The signals of the +3 pixel row are sequentially output. In FIG.
Each pixel row is alternately provided with two types of color pixels, and at least one type of color pixel of the Mth pixel row has a spectral sensitivity different from that of the color pixels of the (M + 2) th pixel row. And N,
The low-frequency components of the signals output from the N + 2, N + 4 pixel rows form the luminance signals Yn, Yn + 2, Yn + 4, respectively. N, N + 2, N +
The signal differences of the two color pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction of the four pixel rows form color difference signals Cn, Cn + 2, Cn + 4, respectively. In a conventional single-plate color solid-state image pickup device, a predetermined two types of color difference signals I, Q (or RY, BY) synthesized from color difference signals Cn and Cn + 2 together with a luminance signal Yn + 2 in the Kth horizontal scanning period. Is output. Then, in the next K + 1th horizontal scanning period, two types of color difference signals composed of the color difference signals Cn + 2 and Cn + 4 are output together with the luminance signal Yn + 4. Then, the video signal (luminance signal and predetermined two kinds of color difference signals) VTR output from the solid-state imaging device is recorded and reproduced. The color difference signal reproducing circuit of the VTR adds and outputs the color difference signals of two adjacent horizontal scanning periods in order to reduce crosstalk. Therefore, in FIG. 1, in addition to the luminance signal Yn + 4, the color difference signals Cn, 2 (Cn, 2
+2), Cn + 4, and two types of color difference signals are displayed. Therefore, the luminance signal and the color difference signal reproduced from the VTR have a phase difference of two pixel rows in the vertical direction. The solid-state image pickup device according to the present invention is applicable to the above-mentioned predetermined two types of color difference signals.
A luminance signal delayed by the horizontal scanning period is output. That is, in the Kth horizontal scanning period, the predetermined two types of color difference signals combined from the color difference signals Cn, Cn + 2 are output together with the luminance signal Yn, and in the K + 1th horizontal scanning period, the color difference signals Cn + 2, Cn + 4 together with the luminance signal Yn + 2. Two types of predetermined color difference signals synthesized from are output. As a result, the luminance signal Yn
Along with +2, predetermined two types of color difference signals synthesized from the color difference signals Cn, 2 (Cn + 2) and Cn + 4 are reproduced. As a result, the vertical phase difference between the luminance signal and the color difference signal is removed and the false color signal is not generated. In FIG. 1, each pixel row can naturally have a pure color pixel array such as a Bayer array, and the same effect can be produced.

FIG. 2 is a pixel array diagram of a solid-state image sensor of a field storage single-panel color TV camera. To simplify the explanation, the sum of the signals of the adjacent two pixel rows to be output is the luminance signal Yn + 0.5, Yn +
2.5, Yn + 4.5, and the signal difference between two pixel signals adjacent in the horizontal direction is the color difference signals Cn + 0.5, Cn + 2.5, Cn + 4.5. The fixed image sensor outputs the signal sum of adjacent two pixel rows in each horizontal scanning period of the odd (even) field period. In the conventional solid-state imaging device, the signal processing circuit outputs the predetermined two types of color difference signals synthesized from the color difference signals Cn + 0.5 and Cn + 2.5 together with the luminance signal Yn + 2.5 during the Kth horizontal scanning period. Then, in the next K + 1th horizontal scanning period, the luminance signal Yn + 4.5 and two predetermined types of color difference signals composed of the color difference signals Cn + 2.5 and Cn + 4.5 are output. Then, the VTR for recording and reproducing the above video signal reproduces two kinds of predetermined color difference signals composed of the color difference signals Cn + 0.5 and 2 (Cn + 2.5) and Cn + 4.5 together with the luminance signal Yn + 4.5. Therefore, the reproduced luminance signal and the two types of color difference signals have a phase difference in the vertical direction. The solid-state imaging device of the present invention outputs a luminance signal delayed by 1H period from the conventional dye signal. That is, in the Kth horizontal scanning period, the luminance signal Yn + 0.5 and the color difference signal Cn
It outputs two kinds of predetermined color difference signals composed of +0.5 and Cn + 2.5. Then, in the next K + 1th horizontal scanning period, a predetermined two types of color difference signals composed of the color difference signals Cn + 2.5 and Cn + 4.5 are output together with the luminance signal Yn + 2.5. In this way, the VTR is the luminance signal Yn + 2.5 and the color difference signal Cn + 0.5 and 2
Two kinds of predetermined color difference signals synthesized from (Cn + 2.5) and Cn + 4.5 are reproduced. Therefore, the vertical phase difference between the luminance signal and the two types of color difference signals is removed.

FIG. 3 is a pixel array diagram of a solid-state image sensor built in a 2HR single-plate color TV camera. In the Kth horizontal scanning period of the odd (even) number field period, the signals of N, N + 1 pixel rows are independently output, and in the K + 1th horizontal scanning period, the signals of K + 2, N + 3 pixel rows are independently output. In FIG. 3, each pixel row includes two types of color pixels, and the low-frequency component of the signal sum of each pixel row is the luminance signal Yn, Yn + 1, Yn + 2, Yn + 3, and each pixel row is adjacent in the horizontal direction. It is assumed that the signal difference between the two color pixels is the color difference signals Cn, Cn + 1, Cn + 2, Cn + 3. The luminance signal output from the TV camera (solid-state imaging device) is assumed to be the signal sum of adjacent two pixel rows. In the signal processing circuit of the conventional solid-state imaging device, the luminance signal (Yn) + during the Kth horizontal scanning period of the odd (even) number field period
Along with (Yn + 1), the predetermined two types of color difference signals combined from the color difference signals Cn and Cn + 1 are output. And the next Kth
In the +1 horizontal scanning period, the luminance signal (Yn + 2) + (Yn + 3) together with a predetermined value 2 which is synthesized from the color difference signals Cn + 2 and Cn + 3
The type of color difference signal is output. Therefore, from the VTR together with the luminance signal (Yn + 2) + (Yn + 3), the color difference signals Cn, Cn + 1, C
Two predetermined types of color difference signals synthesized from n + 2 and Cn + 3 are reproduced. Therefore, the luminance signal and the two types of color difference signals have a phase difference of one pixel row in the vertical direction. In the TV camera of the present invention, the luminance signal (Yn + 1) + (Yn + 2) and two predetermined types of color difference signals synthesized from the color difference signals Cn + 2 and Cn + 3 are output. Therefore, VTR is the luminance signal (Yn + 1)
+ (Yn + 2) and color difference signals Cn, Cn + 1, Cn + 2, Cn
The predetermined two types of color difference signals synthesized from +3 are reproduced. Therefore, the vertical phase difference between the luminance signal and the two types of color difference signals is removed. Of course, each pixel row of the 2HR single-plate color solid-state image pickup device of FIG. 3 can have two types, three types, or four types of color pixels. The luminance signal output from the TV camera may be generated from the signal of one pixel row as long as it has the effect of reducing the vertical phase difference.
Only the reduction component may be combined from the signal of one pixel row.

From the above description, the present invention has the effect of removing the false color signal and the moire of the contour portion which is very visually noticeable by simply adding a simple circuit (1H delay circuit), and a TV with excellent image quality.
You can make a camera. FIG. 4 shows the 2HR single plate color T of FIG.
1 is a block circuit diagram of an embodiment of a solid-state image sensor chip used in a V camera, and an independent invention 2 will be described.

The single-plate color solid-state imaging device 1 includes an imaging region 1a having a plurality of pixel columns and a plurality of vertical transfer means, a transfer electrode 2a, and a first electrode.
The horizontal CCD 3a, the transfer electrode 2b, and the second horizontal CCD 3b are provided.
The horizontal CCD 3a has an input section 5a, and the horizontal CCD 3b has an input section 5b. 3a outputs the signal charges of the N + 1, N + 3 pixel rows to the floating diffusion amplifier (FDA) 4a, and 3b outputs the signal charges of the N, N + 2 pixel rows to the FDA 4b. The signal charges of N pixel rows and N + 1 pixel rows are output in the same horizontal scanning period. The output signal voltage S1 of FDA4a is input to the input section 5C of the 1H delayed CCD3C, and 3C outputs the signal charge to FDA4C. And the signal voltage from each FDA
S1, S2, S3 are output to the external signal processing circuit. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the signal voltages S2 and S3 are added to synthesize the luminance signal Y, and two predetermined color difference signals are synthesized (separated) from the signal voltages S1 and S2. And horizontal
The CCDs 3a and 3b and the 1H delay circuit 3C transfer signal charges with the same clock voltages V1 and V2. As a result, signal delays from 4a to 5C need hardly be considered, and clock wiring becomes very simple. In addition, the CCD solid-state image sensor chip of FIG.
For TV cameras with a built-in TR, the horizontal C
The VTR reproduction signal (luminance signal or color difference signal) voltage S4 is input to the input portions of the CDs 3a and 3b. As a result, at the time of VTR playback, the 1H delay signal is played back from S1 and S2, and that 1H delay signal is played back from S3.
2H delay signal is reproduced. The above 1H delayed signal can be used as a dropout repair circuit or other signal processing circuit. In FIG. 4, since 3a and 3b are used in parallel, the signal charge amount is doubled and the SN ratio is improved by about 3db. The VTR reproduction signal delay circuit described above can also be used as a vertical contour enhancement circuit.

FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram showing a part of a signal processing circuit that processes a signal output from the CCD solid-state imaging device chip of FIG. The signal voltages S1 and S2 output from the solid-state imaging device chip 1 are input to the color difference signal (or color signal) separation circuit 6a, and the color difference signals C1 and C2 output from 6a are respectively
It is output via LPFs 7a and 7b having a band of 0.5 MHz. Then, the signal voltages S2 and S3 are added by the adder circuit 6b to obtain the luminance signal Y.
And is output via an LPF having a band of 3.4 MHz.
Then, the above luminance signal and color difference signal are input to the built-in VTR.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 are pixel array diagrams of a solid-state image pickup device constituting a single-plate color TV camera of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a CCD solid-state imaging device chip having the pixel array of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial block diagram of a signal processing circuit that processes a signal voltage output from the solid-state imaging device chip of FIG.

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An image pickup signal comprising one of a signal of one pixel row, a signal sum of two adjacent pixel rows and a parallel write signal of two adjacent pixel rows is output during a horizontal scanning period, and odd pixel rows are A single-plate color solid-state imaging device in which first-color pixels and second-color pixels are alternately arranged, and even-numbered pixel rows include third-color pixels and fourth-color pixels alternately arranged; A video signal including a luminance signal Y for one row and two types of color difference signals Ca and Cb is synthesized from a signal including a 1H delay signal of an image pickup signal and output to a magnetic recording device and reproduced from the magnetic recording device. And a signal processing circuit for processing the generated video signal, wherein the signal processing circuit reproduces the luminance signal Y in the video signal output to the magnetic recording device and the magnetic recording device. The luminance in the video signal A solid-state TV camera device comprising delay means for delaying one of the signals Y for 1H period. 2. The solid-state TV camera device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic recording device is built in. 3. The solid-state TV camera device according to claim 1, wherein the delay means delays the luminance signal Y in the video signal output to the magnetic recording device for 1H period. 4. The single-plate color solid-state imaging device outputs either a signal of one pixel row or a signal sum of adjacent two pixel rows in each horizontal scanning period, and the luminance signal Y is output in the Mth horizontal scanning period. The two types of color difference signals Ca and Cb, which are synthesized from the image pickup signal and recorded simultaneously with the luminance signal Y, are synthesized from the image pickup signal output in the Mth horizontal scanning period and the (M + 1) th horizontal scanning period. The solid-state TV set forth in claim 3.
Camera device. 5. The single-plate color solid-state image pickup device outputs a parallel read signal of two adjacent pixel rows in each horizontal scanning period, and the luminance signal Y is mainly an image pickup signal output from the (N + 1) th and (N + 2) th pixel rows. 4. The solid-state TV according to claim 3, wherein the two types of color difference signals Ca and Cb that are combined and recorded at the same time as the luminance signal Y are mainly combined with the image pickup signals output from the (N + 2) th and 3rd pixel rows. Camera device.