JP2555185B2 - Polyester fiber for warp of untwisted non-paste fabric - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a polyester fiber suitable for producing a high-quality woven fabric with few defects in the warp direction and a production method thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a polyester fiber for warp of a non-twisted and non-paste woven fabric having good abrasion resistance, which is suitable for high-speed non-twisted and non-paste weaving by a water jet loom, and a method for producing the fiber. .

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when a multifilament yarn of polyester fiber is used as a warp yarn without twist in a water jet room, the yarn is subjected to an entanglement treatment by an interlace nozzle (fluid entanglement treatment nozzle). In this case, the degree of entanglement was increased to enhance the yarn converging property and improve the weaving property. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-1175, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 43787/1987 discloses an example in which the interlacing nozzle is improved to improve the degree of entanglement of the multifilament yarn. Also, Japanese Examined Japanese Patent Publication 55-2001
Japanese Patent Publication No. 8 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-9975 discloses a technique for improving the degree of entanglement by restricting the positions of guides provided before and after the interlacing nozzle and devising an interlacing processing section. . Further, recently, in order to compensate for the decrease in the degree of entanglement that accompanies the increase in winding speed, JP-A-60-110917 discloses that several interlace nozzles are used together.

On the other hand, in order to improve the wear resistance of the interlaced multifilament yarn, a method of adding an oil agent to the yarn to improve the slipperiness is also disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-39935 and the like.

The problem in the weaving process of this non-twisted and non-paste woven fabric is that the yarn breaks as the water jet loom speeds up.
This is an increase in the number of stops due to fuzz.

By the way, a multifilament yarn having a high degree of entanglement obtained by a conventional technique, that is, a multifilament yarn having a large number of entanglements per unit length obtained by imparting interlace at a relatively low speed after another drawing Although it is recognized that the filaments have an improved focusing property, when they are used for warp and weaving in a water jet loom, the fibrils are rubbed by the friction between the warp threads and the reeds due to the movement of the heddle and the reed, and also between the warp and the heddle, the reed. As a result, the yarn breaks into single yarns, and fluff occurs, which causes a problem that the loom is poorly opened and eventually the number of stops is increased.

Further, in the method of improving the wear resistance by adhering the oil agent to the interlaced filament yarn, it is difficult to control the oil agent adhesion amount, and the variation of the oil agent adhesion amount easily occurs in the longitudinal direction of the yarn. , Its effect is limited. In particular, in the weaving area at a high speed such as 500 to 800 rpm, there is a limit in improving the wear resistance of the multifilament yarn used as the warp by the conventional method of increasing the degree of entanglement or attaching the oil agent.

Further, in the direct spinning and drawing step, a method is also known in which an interlace nozzle is provided between the final roller and the winding machine, and the entanglement is increased by this aerodynamic force. This method
Although it is difficult to obtain a high level of entanglement even under high-pressure air, the high-pressure air has the advantage that the entanglement itself is difficult to unwind. However, there is a drawback that fluffing occurs and the number of yarn breaks increases when the pressure is too high.

(Effect of the invention) The object of the present invention is to reduce the trouble in the weaving process of the polyester fiber for warp of the conventional untwisted and non-paste woven fabric, and the polyester fiber for warp of the untwisted non-paste woven fabric excellent in high-quality weavability. To provide.

(Structure of the Invention) As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have surprisingly found a multifilament yarn having a specific yarn structure and exhibiting a specific behavior against abrasion. Single yarn breakage when used in the weaving process of untwisted, non-paste fabrics, especially in high-speed water jet loom (referred to as WJL)
The present invention has been achieved by finding that there is little fuzz and that there are few stops.

That is, the present invention is a polyester multifilament yarn, which is a polyester fiber for warp of a non-twisted and non-paste woven fabric, characterized by simultaneously satisfying the following yarns (a) to (f).

(A) Birefringence Δn ≧ 0.100 (b) Crystal size CS ≧ 40 [Å] (c) Elongation at break EL: 25 ≦ EL ≦ 55 [%] (d) No primary yield stress point in the load curve (E) Entanglement degree before rubbing IL ₀ ≧ 20 [ke / m] (f) 50 g Rub entanglement degree IL ₅₀ ≧ 5 [ke / m] The yarn of the present invention is a polyester filament yarn whose repeating unit is ethylene terephthalate. The main target. However, a small amount (usually 20 mol% or less based on the terephthalic acid component) of a third component other than the terephthalic acid component and / or the ethylene glycol component may be copolymerized, and a small amount of the other polymer (usually Polyester mixed with 10% by weight or less of polyester) may be used.

If necessary, additives such as an antistatic agent, a matting agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and a dyeability improving agent may be mixed in the polyester center.

The birefringence (Δn) of the filament constituting the polyester fiber of the present invention needs to be 0.100 or more. Δn is
If it is less than 0.100, the orientation is not sufficient, so it is easy to cause yarn breakage and fluff during high-speed WJL and high-speed warping,
In terms of quality, it is not preferable because the meridian tend to be formed. Also,
The upper limit of Δn is 0.20, preferably about 0.16.

Next, the crystal size (CS) should be 40Å or more, preferably 50Å
The above is necessary. When the crystal size is large as described above, the fibril resistance is increased, and not only single yarn breakage and fluff generation are suppressed by friction with the heddle and the reed, but also,
The upper limit of CS is appropriately about 80Å in consideration of stretchability and the like. Further, the elongation at break (EL) needs to be 25 to 55%. If the EL is less than 25%, fibrils and fluffs are likely to occur due to rubbing during the weaving process, while if the EL is more than 55%, the dimensional stability when formed into a woven fabric is inferior and there is no tendency to pull. It is also important that such a fiber does not have a primary yield stress point in the load elongation curve when its elongation is measured. WJ at high speed with yield stress point
When weaving with L, the tension to the yarn is large due to the opening movement of the heddle and the reed, and the warp tends to occur, which is not desirable in terms of quality.

Further, the degree of entanglement of the polyester fiber having the above fiber structure needs to be 20 IL / m or more in the number IL _{0 in} a state without rubbing. Further, the higher the IL ₀ is, the more preferable it is, but from the viewpoint of economy and operability, about 40 m / m is sufficient. Even if the yarn has excellent fibril resistance in terms of fiber structure, when the degree of entanglement IL ₀ is low, fluffing easily occurs due to friction between heddle, reed, and warp, and the degree of entanglement decreases. Will be significant, and the number of stops will also increase. However, if the residual entanglement number IL ₅₀ under a rubbing tension of 50 g is 5 or more / m or more, this entangled yarn leads to stabilization of the weaving property up to the final stage. And the upper limit of this IL ₅₀ is at most 15 / m, which is sufficient.

The polyester fiber of the present invention having the fiber physical structure as described above is obtained by the following production method. That is, the above-mentioned polyester was melted and discharged from the spinneret, cooled and solidified, and then oiled, and then taken off at 3000 m / min or more, and subsequently drawn at a draw ratio of 1.10 or more.
When winding at 00 m / min or more, an interlace nozzle and a substantially non-heated intermediate roller are provided between the final drawing roller and the winding machine, and a multifilament yarn is formed between the final drawing roller and the cooling roller. Entangle and wind.

The attached drawings show an example of such a process. The yarn 2 melted and ejected through the spin block 1 is cooled and solidified, and after being oiled by the oil agent applying device 3, reaches the take-up roller 4.

The yarn 2 is drawn between the take-up roller 4 and the final drawing roller 5, and then the interlace nozzle 8,
It is wound by a winding machine 7 through a substantially unheated intermediate roller 6.

At this time, when the spinning speed is less than 3000 m / min, the fibril resistance of the fiber is poor, and when the draw ratio is 1.10 or less, the elongation is too high, and thus the fluffing during weaving and the dimensional stability after weaving deteriorate. Further, if the winding speed is less than 5000 m / min, sufficient orientation cannot be obtained, and the dimensional stability after weaving becomes poor.

The stretching itself may be cold stretching, but depending on the process conditions, a preheating method commonly used in this field may be adopted.

As described above, it is difficult to obtain a high degree of entanglement in the high spinning speed direct spinning drawing step, but as in the present invention, the overfeed rate OF between the final drawing roller 5 and the intermediate roller 6 is OF.
_By setting ₁ to 1.5% or more, the degree of confounding can be increased. Even if this OF ₁ is less than 1.5%, if the pneumatic pressure jetted from the interlace nozzle 8 is high, the entanglement by 50 g tension rubbing is likely to be unraveled despite the increase in the entanglement degree.
On the other hand, if this OF ₁ becomes too high, the winding of the yarn on the roller will occur, so it is preferable to suppress it to about 3.5%. Also,
Regarding the intermediate roller 6, "substantially non-heated" usually refers to room temperature, that is, it does not cause thermal contraction of the yarn.

And it is desirable that this intermediate roller is a mirror roller. This is to maintain the tension balance between the area between the final stretching roller 5 and the intermediate roller 6 and the area between the intermediate roller 6 and the winding machine 7. If the surface of the intermediate roller 6 is matte, the yarn swaying on the roller increases, and the tension between the final stretching roller 5 and the intermediate roller 6 propagates to the winder 7 and the intermediate roller 6 It becomes easier for the yarn to wind around. After making such specifications, the overfeed rate OF ₂ between the intermediate roller 6 and the winding machine 7 is adjusted to −0.5 to 1.5%. If this OF ₂ is less than -0.5%, the intermediate roller 6 and the winder 7 will be pulled, and the filament entangled in OF ₁ will be slightly unwound, and will exceed 1.5%. Then, the tension will not be balanced and the yarn will wind around the cooling roller.

The overfeed rates OF ₁ and OF ₂ are defined as follows.

OF ₁ = [(surface speed of final stretching roller 5)-(surface speed of intermediate roller 6)] / (surface speed of final stretching roller 5) [%] OF ₂ = [(surface speed of intermediate roller 6)-( (Surface speed of winder 7) / (Surface speed of intermediate roller 6) [%] As described above, it is difficult to obtain a high degree of entanglement by the high-speed spinning direct drawing method, and there is a method of providing a plurality of interlace nozzles. . Compared with this method, OF ₁
By increasing the, not only high confounding, but also
The generation of fluff from the original yarn due to high-pressure air jets without passing through unnecessary yarn guide guides / nozzles, and the number of yarn breaks is reduced. Further, generally, in the general method of performing the entanglement treatment under the overfeed in which the interlacing nozzle is provided between the final stretching roller and the winding machine, in the case of winding at the custody speed, the winding shape due to the high entanglement Although the yarn winding around the drawing roller occurs due to the defect or high overfeed, the present invention eliminates such a concern.

Incidentally, the higher the spinning speed, the stronger the fibril resistance of the fiber, but on the other hand, the interlace will not enter, so less than 6000 m / min is desirable, and the winding speed is also
Less than 7000m / min is desirable. If it is more than this, the process condition in spinning will be poor, the yarn breakage will increase, and the fluffing during weaving will increase accordingly.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples. In each Example and Comparative Example, Δn, CS, EL, IL ₀ and IL ₅₀ were measured by the following method.

(B) Birefringence (Δn) Under a monochromatic (sodium) lamp, a birefringence Δn was obtained from the correction angle of the competition center, the number of interference fringes, and the diameter of the prototype by a polarizing microscope. .

(B) Crystal size (CS) The crystal size was measured by a wide-angle X-ray diffraction method using an X-ray diffractometer, which was a scientific instrument, and the half-width of the peak of the (100) plane was determined.

(C) Confirmation of Elongation (EL) and Primary Yield Stress Point It was measured using a Shimadzu autograph with a sample length of 20 cm and a pulling speed of 100% for 1 minute.

(D) Scratch degree (IL ₀ , IL ₅₀ ) IL ₀ is the degree of entanglement obtained without applying any tension, and IL ₅₀ uses TEXTECHNA Dynafil to pass the yarn through the Dynafill tensioner. The tension of 50 g was applied to the yarn feeding roller for 5 turns and the tension roller for 3 turns, and the degree of entanglement of the yarn wound at 30 m / min was calculated. ENTANGLEMENT TESTER manufactured by ROTH SHILD
Using R2040, winding at 30 m / min with a constant running tension of 10 g,
The yarn was applied with a pin tension of 15 to 18 g, and the yarn length was determined 20 times.

(E) Using fibril resistance TM-type tie tester manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Seiki Seisakusho,
Under a load of 1 kg, the surface condition of the fiber was observed by rubbing it with a metal comb 5000 times and 10000 times, and was evaluated in four grades of good, good, good, bad and good.

(F) Weaving quality Using a Nissan LW-52 type water jet loom, 60
The number of stoppages [times / day] when weaving at a speed of 0 rpm was measured.

<Comparative Example 1> Polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.635 and a matting agent of 0.3% by weight is melted and discharged, and then cooled and spinning speed is 1300 m /
Min, at the final drawing speed of 3900 m / min, OF ₁ ; 1.5%, OF ₂ ; −0.5
%, Confounding pressure; 5 kg / cm ² · G, finally 50 de / 20fil.
Was obtained. Since this yarn has a small crystal size, it has poor fibril resistance, and the number of stops is as many as six. At low spinning speeds, appearance loops and fluff were generated when the IL pressure was 5 kg / cm ³ · G or more.

<Examples 1 to 3> The same polymer and the same denier (50de / 20fi) as in Comparative Example 1 were used.
l.), at a spinning speed of 3000, 4000, 5000 m / min, and subsequently drawn by a final drawing roller of 5500, 6000, 5500 m / min respectively, OF ₁ is 2.5, 1.7, 1.8% and OF ₂ respectively. −0.4, 0.5,
It was wound up under the condition of 0.6%.

The obtained drawn yarn had excellent fibril resistance and weavability.

Comparative Examples 2 and 3 The same polymer and the same denier as in Comparative Example 1 were used to obtain drawn yarns having elongations of 60% and 24%, respectively. In Comparative Example 2, Δn is not sufficient, and moreover, there are many warps because it has a primary yield stress point, and since the degree of entanglement is small, weavability is extremely poor.
In Comparative Example 3, the elongation is low and the crystal size is small. Therefore, the fibril resistance is poor, the fibers are fluffed, and the weaving property is not so good.

<Comparative Examples 4, 5 and 6> The same polymer and the same denier as in Example 2 were used, and OF ₁ , OF
₂ , the confounding pressure was changed. When OF ₁ (Comparative Example 5) is lowered, IL ₀
And IL ₅₀ decrease, and the number of stoppages increases as the confounding strength decreases,
When OF ₂ (Comparative Example 6) was increased, yarn swaying on the intermediate roller was increased, appearance fluff was observed in the yarn making, and the number of stops was increased accordingly. When the entanglement pressure (Comparative Example 4) is reduced and the degree of entanglement is low, the same tendency as in Comparative Example 5 is exhibited.

<Example 4> The same polymer and the same denier as in Comparative Example 1 were used, and the film was drawn with a final drawing roller at a spinning speed of 6000 m / min and subsequently 6000 m / min. In this case, the fibril constitution is the best, but when applying interlace,
Higher than ~ 3. Weavability is good, but in terms of yarn production, it is desirable to be less than 6000 m / min considering the yield due to process conditions.

 Table 1 summarizes the above results.

(Effect of the invention) According to the present invention, by the configuration described in the claims,
The effects of fibrillation, yarn breakage, fluff generation, and fluff generation due to frictional rubbing of the warp yarns are controlled by reducing the number of stoppages and the weaving property is further improved, as the speed of the weaving process of the water jet loom increases.

[Brief description of drawings]

The attached drawings are schematic front views showing one embodiment of a manufacturing process for obtaining the polyester fiber of the present invention. 1: Spin block, 2: Thread 3: Lubricant applying device, 4: Take-up roller 5: Final drawing roller 6: Substantially non-heated intermediate roller 7: Winding machine 8: Interlace nozzle

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A polyester multifilament yarn, which satisfies the following conditions (a) to (f) at the same time: a polyester fiber for warp of a non-twisted and non-paste woven fabric. (A) Birefringence Δn ≧ 0.100 (b) Crystal size CS ≧ 40 [A] (c) Elongation at break EL: 25 ≦ EL ≦ 55 [%] (d) No temporary yield stress point in the load elongation curve (E) Confounding degree before rubbing IL ₀ ≧ 20 [ke / m] (f) 50g Rubbling degree IL ₅₀ ≧ 5 [ke / m]