JP2555083B2 - Power supply control device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system for effectively utilizing nighttime electric power.

[Conventional technology]

The known examples closest to the invention include (1) JP-A-60-16
2426, (2) JP-A-58-142145, (3) JP-A-60-
There is 44785 issue.

In general, power demand is large during the day and small at night. In order to suppress the power demand in the daytime and promote the power demand in the night to flatten the power demand, the power rate at night is set lower than that in the daytime. Therefore, it is a good idea for consumers to effectively use nighttime electricity.

As a device for effective use of nighttime electric power, an electric water heater using nighttime electric power (JP-A-58-142145) and a cooling system by night-time ice storage (JP-A-60-44785) are widely used. These devices use nighttime electric power to store heat and radiate heat during the daytime to reduce the amount of electric power during the daytime.

As a conventional power supply system including commercial power and a power storage device, an uninterruptible power supply as a measure against a power failure of a commercial power supply has been widely used. The uninterruptible power supply has a function of supplying commercial power to the load device and charging the power storage device, and supplying power from the power storage device to the load device when the commercial power supply fails. Further, in the power supply system disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-162426, the peak value of the input current of the intermittent load is reduced and flattened while it is turned on and off intermittently, and the power from the power storage device is cut off during a power failure. Has the function of supplying.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The conventional electric water heater using nighttime electric power and the cooling system using nighttime ice-making heat storage have a problem that the range of use of nighttime electric power is limited to hot water supply and cooling / heating. Moreover, in the conventional power supply system including the commercial power and the power storage device, no consideration is given to effectively using the night power.
There has been a problem that it is difficult to reduce the electricity charges of consumers by the conventional power supply system.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system capable of minimizing the power charge of a customer by effectively using night power.

[Means for solving problems]

The above object is to provide a first power supply function of supplying commercial power having a different power charge depending on time zones to the load device via the power storage device, and a second power supply function of supplying commercial power to the load device without the power storage device. A power supply function, an arithmetic control function for controlling the first power supply function and the second power supply function,
It is composed of a received power, a load power, and a measurement function of measuring the depth of discharge of the power storage device and inputting it to the arithmetic and control unit. The power is stored in the low charge time zone and the power is supplied to the load device by the second power supply function. It is achieved by supplying electricity to the load equipment by the first power supply function and the second power supply function by discharging from the power storage device during a high charge time period except when the commercial power supply is abnormal. .

Further, AC power is input to the first input terminal, the AC power is converted to DC power, and then the first output that controls the power by chopping with the first chopper and the DC power to the second input terminal. A power flow distribution device that inputs electric power, combines the second output whose electric power is controlled by chopping the direct-current electric power with a second chopper, rectifies the combined electric power, and then converts the combined electric power into an alternating current for output To do. The DC power from the power storage device is input to the second input terminal of this power distribution device, the commercial power is input to the first input terminal of the power distribution device, and the output power of the power distribution device is supplied to the load equipment. By achieving the above-described first power supply function and second power supply function, the above-described object of the present invention can be achieved more effectively.

Further, as another invention, a data input unit for inputting each data of the electricity charge switching time, the received power, the contracted received power, the load power, and the depth of discharge of the power storage device, and the received power from the input data A first calculation unit that calculates charging power that can charge the power storage device to a set level at the highest rate at a low power charge time period under the condition that the contract power received is not exceeded, and the power stored in the power storage device. The second calculation unit that calculates the discharge power that can be discharged at the highest high rate in the high power charge time zone up to the set deep discharge and the lowest power charge time zone based on the calculation result of the first calculation unit. Based on the calculation result of the first control unit and the second calculation unit that charge the charging device with the charging power calculated by the first calculation unit, the second control unit operates in the highest power charge time zone. The charging device receives the discharge power calculated by the calculation unit It proposes a power supply control device comprising a second control unit which forms the electrostatic effect, by utilizing this device, automatically charge discharge plan can be implemented.

[Action]

The arithmetic and control unit determines the power charge switching time and the received power.
Q _R (t), contract received power Q _{R, MAX,} load power Q _L (t),
And the depth of discharge D (t) data of the power storage device, received power Q _R (t) is the power storage in the most efficient in the contract received power Q _R, periods of low power rate to the original condition which does not exceed _MAX The charging power capable of charging the device to a preset level is calculated, and the discharging power capable of efficiently discharging the stored power to a preset discharge depth during a time period when the power charge is high is calculated. By controlling the above-described first and second power supply functions based on the calculation result, charging is performed with the calculated charging power in the time zone when the power charge is the lowest.

The power flow distribution device converts AC power into DC power, and combines the output of which power is controlled by chopping this DC power with the output of which power is controlled by chopping DC power from a power storage device or the like, The combined electric power is rectified, converted into an alternating current, and output to use the electric power from any of them with high efficiency.

In the invention that uses each calculation result, the most efficient discharge and charge control can be performed based on the calculation result.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
It will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention when the commercial power source is one system and the power rate varies depending on the time zone. FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the arithmetic and control unit of FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of the power flow distribution device section in FIG.

In FIG. 1, a commercial power supply 1 is connected to a power flow distribution device 2, a power storage device 3, and a bypass circuit 4 in a parallel relationship.
The charging device 5 is also connected in parallel to the commercial power source 1, and the output of the charging device 5 is input to the power storage device 3. The DC output of the power storage device 3 is input to the power distribution device 2 and also to the arithmetic and control unit 6 as a power source. Bypass circuit 4
The output of the power distribution device 2 and the output of the power flow distribution device 2
6) and the priority load selection switch 8 (SW4), which is connected to the emergency load 9 and the general loads 10 and 11. The night-only load 12 is directly connected to the commercial power source 1 via a switch.

Commercial power received power Q _R (t) and the terminal voltage V _C of the (t) are respectively measured by the sensors 13 and 14, the arithmetic and control unit 6
Has been entered in. In addition, emergency load 9 and general load 1
The power (load power) Q _L (t) required by 0 and 11 and the charge amount Q _B (t) of the power storage device 3 are measured by the sensors 15 and 16 and input to the arithmetic and control unit 6. Further, the operation control device 6 is input with operation information of the external control device 18 such as the home automation control device 17 and the night-only load 12.

Power distribution device 2, charging device 3, changeover switch 7 (SW5,
The SW6), the priority load selection switch 8 (SW4), and the like are controlled by the arithmetic and control unit 6 based on the arithmetic result described later.

In the block circuit diagram of the arithmetic and control unit 6 shown in FIG. 2, the DC power from the power storage unit 3 is directly converted into a required voltage by the voltage control / smoothing circuit 61 via the power switch 73,
It is used as a power source for the arithmetic and control unit 6. Power switch
73 (SW7) is manually turned on / off and also turned off by a signal from the microcomputer 66.
The contracted received power QR _{, MAX} , the storage container _QBo , the emergency priority power system, the selection of the load pattern, etc., which are the setting data that change depending on the consumer, are set by the setting switches 62,63,64,65, respectively, and are set by the microcomputer. Entered in 66. In addition, the data from the sensor 13 etc. is the A / D converter 6
It is converted into a digital signal by 7 and input to the microcomputer 66. The microcomputer 66
The standard load pattern Q _LS (n), the charging efficiency η _{BC, and} other data are stored in advance.

Based on these data, the microcomputer 66 calculates a charging plan and a discharging plan with the highest efficiency and considering the convenience of the consumer, controls the open / closed states of the charging device 5 and the switch, and the pulse oscillator 72. The power flow distribution device 2 is controlled via the. Further, the integrated saving amount F _N of the power charge when the night power is used is displayed on the display device 70. However, when the commercial power supply is abnormal, the display device 70 displays the discharge continuable time T _D. Further, the start / stop switch 71 can start / stop the system.

As shown in FIG. 3, the power flow distribution device 2 includes a rectifier 21, a DC chopper 22, and a PWM inverter (pass width modulation inverter).
23 are connected in a direct current relationship. An AC commercial power source is connected to the input side of the rectifier 21, and its output is input to the chopper 24 of the DC chopper 22. Also, chopper 24
Direct current power from the power storage device 2 is input to the chopper 25 provided in parallel with each other. Chopper 24 and chopper
25 is controlled by the arithmetic and control unit 6. Then, the outputs of the chopper 24 and the chopper 25 merge and the PWM inverter 2
It is input to 3 and converted into AC power by this PWM inverter 23. This alternating current is supplied to the load device 31.

The operation of the DC chopper 22 will be described with reference to FIG. Fourth
In the figure, the vertical axis represents the current value of each part and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time. The currents i ₁ , i ₂ and i ₃ are the input current from the rectifier 21, the input current from the power storage device 2 and the output current of the DC chopper 22, respectively. The timing of the pulses of the current i ₁ and the current i ₂ and the pulse widths P _W1 and P _W2 are controlled by a signal from the arithmetic and control unit 6 so as to maintain the following relationship.

P _W1 / P _W2 = R _C (t) / R _B (t) R _C (t) + R _B (t) = 1 R _C (t) = commercial power load load power share R _B (t) = power storage device Therefore, the sum of the current i ₁ and the current i ₂ becomes the pulse train (i ₁ + i ₂ ) as shown in the figure, and the output current i _{3 of the} DC chopper 22
Is a direct current in which the pulse train (i ₁ + i ₂ ) is smoothed.
Therefore, by restricting the pulse width ratio P _W1 / P _W2 , it is possible to freely control the load power burden ratio of the commercial power supply and the power storage device.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of this embodiment. Turn on the power switch 73 (SW7) of this power system,
When START of the start / stop switch 71 is pressed, if the data necessary for system operation is not set yet, the lamp of the setting switch blinks to request data setting. After setting the necessary data with the setting switch shown in FIG. 2 (step S1), the electric charge F (t) for each time zone and the commercial power supply rated terminal voltage V are read from the internal memory of the microcomputer 66.
_CO (t), aiming load pattern Q _LS (n), learning load pattern Q _LL (n), maximum discharge depth set value (normal) D _MAX , maximum discharge depth set value (emergency) D _{MAX, E} , charge Efficiency η _BC , discharge efficiency η _BD , rectifier efficiency η _REC , DC chopper efficiency η
_DST and inverter efficiency η _INV data is read (step S2), and the switch is initialized (step S3). In the initial setting, by turning on SW4, SW5 and turning off SW2, SW3, SW6, all the load devices are directly connected to the commercial power source.

After that, the data of the night-only load power Q _LN (t) of the water heater or the like is fetched by communication with the home automation device 17 and the external control device 18 such as the night-only load 12 (step S4), and the received power Q _R (t ), Load power Q
_L (t), storage amount Q _B (t), commercial power supply terminal voltage V _B (t)
By measuring (step S5), the state of the entire power supply system is grasped. Then, the state of the commercial power source is judged by the following (step S6).

V _C (t) ≥ K _V · V _CO ... Normal V _C (t) <K _V · V _CO ... Abnormal As a result, if there is an abnormality such as a power failure in the commercial power supply, it will be described later (Fig. 6). After performing commercial power supply abnormality processing (step B), communication processing with external control equipment (step S
Return to 4).

Next, the presence / absence of a stop interrupt is determined from the state of the start / stop switch 71 (step S7). If there is a stop interrupt due to maintenance of the power supply system or the like, the switch is returned to the initial setting state similar to step S3 (step S8) and the system operation is stopped (step S9).

If there is no stop interrupt, the state of the load pattern selection switch 65 is judged to select the type of load pattern required for predictive control (step S9). When the standard load pattern is selected, the preset standard load pattern Q _LS (n) is used for the subsequent control as the predicted load pattern Q _LP (n) (step S11). When the learning load pattern is selected, the learning load pattern Q _LL (t) is calculated based on the past load patterns (step C) as described later (FIG. 7), and the learning load pattern Q is calculated.
_LL (t) is used as the predicted load pattern Q _LP (n) for the subsequent control (step S12).

Then, the integrated power rate and the depth of discharge calculated by the following equation, and displays the F _M on the display device 70 (step S12).

_{F O = F O * + F} (t) · [Q R (t) -Q L (t) · Rc (t) · (1-η REC · η DST · η INV) -Q L (t) · R B (t) · (1-η BC · η BD · η DST · η INV)] · Δt F N = F N * + F (t) · Q R (t) · Δt F M = F O -F N D ( T) = (Q _BO −Q _B (t)) / Q _BO Where, F _O : Integrated power charge when night power is not used F _N : Integrated power charge when night power is also used by this system F _M : Cumulative saving of electricity charges by this system Δt: Calculation period *: Previous calculation result Meaning of other symbols is summarized in the symbol table.

After that, whether the current time t is in the charge time zone or in the high charge time zone is determined by the following (step S13).

t _HI ≤ t ≤ t _H2 ...... High charge time zone Other than the above ............ Low charge time zone When in the low charge time zone, the changeover switch 7
A commercial power source is directly supplied to the load device by turning off SW6 and turning on SW5 (step S14), and the charging power Q _BC (t) is calculated by the charging power calculation described later (FIG. 8) (step D). . The magnitude of this charging power Q _BC (t) is judged (step S15), and when Q _BC (t) is 0, the power switch SW3 of the charging device 5 is turned off (step S16) and the external control device is connected. Return to the communication process (step S4). Q
_{When BC} (t) ≠ 0, the power switch SW of the charging device 5
3 is turned on (step S17), charging power Q of the charging device 5
_The charging set to _BC (t) is continued (step S18), and the process returns to the communication process with the external control device (step S4).

If it is in the high charge time zone, the discharge power Q _BD (t) is calculated by the discharge power calculation described later (FIG. 9) (step E). The magnitude of this discharge power Q _BD (t) is judged (step S19), and when Q _BD (t) is 0, the changeover switch 7 (SW6) is used to directly supply commercial power to the load device.
OFF, SW5 ON) is set (step S20), and the process returns to the communication process with the external control device (step S4). Q _BD (t) ≠ 0
In this case, the changeover switch 7 (SW5 is OFF, SW6 is ON) is set so that power is supplied from the power flow distribution device 2 of the load device (step S21), and the power flow distribution rate of the power flow distribution device 2 will be described later ( (Fig. 10) Set the power flow distribution ratio R _C (t) of the commercial power source calculated by the power flow distribution calculation process and the power flow distribution ratio R _B (t) of the power storage device (step F) to Return to the communication process (step S4).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the contents of the commercial power supply abnormality processing (step B). As shown in the figure, when an abnormality (power failure) in the commercial power supply is detected, first set the switch so that power is supplied from the power flow distribution device 2 to the load equipment (SW2, SW3, SW5 OFF, SW6 ON). ) And (Step B
1) The power flow distribution ratio R _B (t) of the power storage device is set to 1 and power is supplied only from the power storage device 3 (step B2). Further, the discharge continuable time T _D is calculated by the following equation (step B3).

T _D = [Q _B (t)-(1-D _{MAX, E} ) Q _BO ] / [Q _L (t) / (η _BD · η _DST · η _INV )] where _{MAX and E} are maximum in an emergency This is the set value of the depth of discharge. The meanings of other symbols are summarized in the symbol table.

This continuous discharge time T _D and the current discharge depth D (t)
The size of is determined by the following (steps B4 and B
Five).

(1) D (t) ≦ D ₁ (= 0.3), and T _D > T _S (= 6 hours) (2) D ₁ <D (t) ≦ D ₂ (= 0.5), (where D ₁ , D ₂ :
Discharge depth setting value) (3) D _{MAX, E} > D (t)> D ₂ (= 0.5) (4) D (t) ≧ D _{MAX, E} (= 0.7) As a result, in the case of (1) determines that the remaining power amount is sufficiently large, continues to discharge as it is, the display device 70 T _D
Is displayed (step B6), the process returns to step S4.
In the case of (2), it is determined that the remaining charge amount is insufficient, and the priority load selection switch 8 (SW4) is controlled to stop the power supply to the load device with the lower priority (step B7), and then the step
Go to B6. When the discharge further proceeds to the state of (3), the power supply to the devices other than the emergency load device is stopped (step B8), and the process proceeds to step B6. If the commercial power supply abnormality (power failure) continues for a long period of time and the status becomes (4), return the switch to the same initial settings as in step S3 (step B9), and turn off the power switch 73 (SW7). Stop the system operation (step B10).

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the contents of the load pattern learning calculation process (step C). In the learning processing, first the received power Q _R (t) and the charging power Q _BC (t), calculates the load power Q _LT (t) by the following equation (step C1).

Q _LT (t) = Q _R (t) −Q _BC (t) Next, the current time t is converted into an integer n, and the load power Q _LL * (n) corresponding to this n is read from the memory (step C2,
C3). A learning load pattern Q _LL (n) is calculated from the stored load power Q _LL * (n) and the current time (integerized) load power Q _LT (n) by the following equation (step C4).

_{Q LL (n) = (1} -K L) · Q LT (n) + K L · Q LL * (n) , however, K _L is a weighting factor, 0 ≦ K _L ≦ 1 range of values (e.g. K _L = 0.999). This learning load pattern Q
_After storing _LL (n) in the memory as the memory load power Q _LL * (n) (step C5), the process returns to step S12.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the content of the calculation process (step D) of the charging power Q _BC (t). Charging power Q _BC
In the calculation of (t), first, the magnitude of the depth of discharge D (t) is determined (step D1). As a result, when D (t) ≦ 0.1, it is not necessary to further charge, so Q _BC (t) = 0
Return to operation control (step S15) as (step D2).

When D (t)> 0.1, the current time t is first integerized into n (step D3), and charging is performed in the next hour from the contracted received power QR _{, MAX} and the predicted load pattern _QLP (n). The power to be passed Q _BC * (n) (= Q _{R, MAX} −Q _LP (n)) is calculated (steps D4, D5). A rating ratio K _RC (Q _BC (n) / Q _BCO ) is calculated from the chargeable power Q _BC (n) and the rated charging power Q _BCO , and the magnitude thereof is determined (steps D6 and D7).

When K _RC <1, charging cannot be performed with the efficient rated charging power Q _BCO , so the increased storage amount ΔQ _B = 0 is set (step D8). When K _RC > 1, charging can be performed with the rated charging power Q _BCO , so the increased storage amount ΔQ _B = η _BC · Q _BCO is set (step D9). Next, integrate the increased storage amount ΔQ _B as follows,
The storage amount increase predicted value ΔQ _BT is calculated (step D10).

ΔQ _BT = ΔQ _BT * ＋ ΔQ _B Steps D4 to D10 are repeated in the low charge time zone (step D11).

This allows the rated charging power Q during the remaining low charge period.
_A predicted increase value ΔQ _{BT of the} amount of stored electricity that can be charged by _BCO is calculated. The size of this ΔQ _BT is judged and it is predicted whether charging is impossible or possible by the following (step D1
2).

When ΔQ _BT <0.9 ・ Q _BO −Q _B (t), charge completion is impossible. When ΔQ _BT > 0.9 ・ Q _BO −Q _B (t), charge completion is possible. Charge even if the charging efficiency is low. That is, the ratio (rated ratio) K _RC of the electric power Q _BC * (t) that can be charged at the present time to the rated charging power is calculated by the following equation (step D13).

_{Q BC * (t) = Q} R, MAX - (Q R (t) -Q BC (t)) K RC = Q BC * (t) / Q BCO determines the size of the K _RC (step D14) Then, charging power Q _BC (t), when K _RC ≦ K _RC1 (= 0.8), charging power Q _BC (t) = 0 (step D15) 1> K _RC > K _RC1 Q _BC (t) = Q _BC * (t) (Step D16) When K _RC ≧ 1, Q _BC (t) = Q _BO (Step D17) is set, and the operation control returns to Step S15.

On the other hand, when it is predicted that the charging can be completed in step D12, Q _BC * (t) and K _RC are calculated in the same manner as in step D13 (step D18), and the magnitude of this K _RC is determined (step D1
As 9), charge only when it is possible to charge with the most efficient and highest rated charging power Q _BCO . That is, when K _RC <1, Q _BC (t) = 0 (step D20) When K _RC ≧ 1, Q _BC (t) = Q _BO (step D21) and the process returns to step S15.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the calculation process (step E) of the discharge power Q _BD (t).

In the calculation processing of the discharge power Q _BD (t), first, the magnitudes of the maximum discharge depth D _{MAX in the} normal time and the discharge depth D (t) at the current time are compared and determined (step E1).

As a result, when D (t)> D _MAX , it is determined that discharging is not possible, and the changeover switch 7 (SW6 is ON, SW5 is OFF) is set to supply power from the commercial power source of the load device (step
E2) and then returns to step S15 of operation control.

Predicted load pattern Q _LP (n) when D (t) <D _MAX
And calculate the accumulated time ΔH _HI that can be discharged at the rated discharge power D _BDO or higher during the remaining high charge time period, that is, D _BDO ≧ Q _LP (n) / (η _DST / η _INV ). (Step E3).

Next, from the stored amount Q _B (t) at the current time, the rated discharge integration time ΔT _R of the storage device is calculated by the following equation (step
E4).

ΔT _R = [Q _B (t)-(1-D _MAX ) ・ Q _BO ] / (Q _BDO /
η _BD ), where Q _BO is the rated storage capacity of the power storage device.

Next, the magnitudes of ΔT _HI and ΔT _R are compared and judged (step E
Five).

When ΔT _HI > ΔT _R , that is, when it is predicted that the discharge can be efficiently completed during the remaining high charge time period by the rated discharge, the discharge power Q _BD (t) is set to Q _L (t) ≧ Q _BDO when, when the _{Q BD (t) = Q BDO} ( step _{E7) Q L (t) <} Q BDO, as Q _BD (t) = 0 (step E8), the flow returns to step S19 in operation control.

Further, when ΔT _HI <ΔT _R , that is, when it is predicted that the discharge will be difficult to complete in the remaining high charge time period due to the rated discharge, the discharge power Q _BD (t) is changed to Q _BD (t) = Q _{As BDO} -ΔT _R / ΔT _HI (step E9), return to step S19 of operation control.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the calculation process (step F) of the power flow distribution. In the power distribution calculation processing, the load power Q _L (t) and the discharge power Q calculated in step E are calculated.
_{From BD} (t), the power flow distribution ratio R
_B (t) and the power flow distribution ratio R _C (t) of the commercial power source are calculated (step F1).

_{R B (t) = Q BD} (t) · η DST · η INV / D L (t), R C (t) = 1-R B (t) where determining the size of the R _B (t) ( Step F2) and then R _B
If (t) ≦ 1, the above power flow distribution ratio is set in the power flow distribution device (step F4). If R _B (t)> 1, set R _B (t) = 1 and R _C (t) = 0 (step F
3, F4)) do. Then, it returns to step S4 of operation control.

According to this embodiment, the power usage is predicted and monitored,
It can directly charge low-cost nighttime electricity and charge under highly efficient conditions. Further, during the high charge time period, the tidal current distributor can discharge the electricity under high efficiency conditions to reduce the direct use of daytime electric power. By using these, there is an effect that electric power charges can be significantly saved. Further, there is an effect that it is possible to temporarily use electric power equal to or more than the contract electric power received.

Further, according to the present embodiment, since the power can be supplied from the power storage device when the commercial power supply is abnormal such as a power failure, there is an effect that it can be used as an uninterruptible power supply device.

FIG. 11 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment (second embodiment) when the present invention is applied, when high-priced power and low-priced power (night power) are respectively received as dedicated power systems.
Shown in the figure. In the present embodiment, the charging device 72 and the night-only load 73 are connected to a low-rate power (night-only power) system, and the power distribution device 71, the bypass circuit 74, and the sensor 77 for measuring the terminal voltage of the commercial power source are set to high. It is connected to the electricity tariff (common power for day and night). The other basic structure is almost the same as the circuit block diagram of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

Although detailed description of the operation of the present embodiment is omitted, FIG.
Although almost the same operation as described in detail with reference to FIG. 10 is possible, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is obtained.

FIG. 12 is a circuit block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the power flow distribution device used in the first and second embodiments is not used, but an inverter 81 is used instead. Other than that, it is almost the same as the circuit block diagram of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since the power flow distribution device is not used, there is an effect that the device becomes simple. Then, the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments are obtained except that it is difficult to supply the commercial power and the power from the power storage device at the same time.

According to each of the embodiments, it is possible to predict and monitor the usage state of electric power, directly use low-cost nighttime electric power, and charge under the most efficient condition. Further, during the high charge time period, discharge can be performed under the most efficient condition, and direct use of daytime electric power can be reduced. Due to these effects, the electric power charge can be minimized with respect to the required electric power, so that the electric power charge can be significantly saved. Further, there is an effect that it is possible to temporarily use electric power equal to or more than the contract electric power received. In addition, since the power can be supplied from the power storage device when the commercial power supply is abnormal such as a power failure, there is an effect that it can be used as an uninterruptible power supply device.

Symbol table F (t): Electricity charge data by time zone and season (¥
/ kWh) ΔT _L : Low charge time zone (t _{L1 to} t _L2 , or n _{1 to} n ₂ ) ΔT _H : High charge time zone (t _{H1 to} t _H2 , or n _{2 to} n ₃ ) n: Integer time F _L: ΔT _L in power rate (¥ / kWh) F _H: power at [Delta] t _H Price _{(¥ / kWh) V C (} t): a commercial power supply terminal voltage _{(V) V CO (t)} : a commercial power supply rated terminal voltage _{(V) Q R (t)} : received power (kW) Q _{R, MAX:} contract received power _{(kW) Q L (t)} : load power _{(kW) [= Q R (} t) - (Q BC (t )
_{+ Q LN (t))]} Q LN (t): night-only load power of the water heater, etc. _{(kW) Q LT (t)} : full load power with the exception of charging power _{Q BC (t) (kW)} (= Q R ( t) -Q _BC (t)) Q _LS (n): Standard load pattern (kW) Q _LL (n): Learning load pattern (kW) Q _LP (n): Predicted load pattern (kW) Q _BC (t) : Charging power (kW) (input power to charging device) Q _BCO : Rated charging power (kW) Q _BD (t): Discharging power (kW) (Input power from power storage device to power distribution device) Q _BDO : Rating Discharge power (kW) Q _B (t): Storage amount (kWh) Q _BO : Rated storage capacity (kWh) Q (t): Depth of discharge [= (Q _BO −Q _B (t)) / Q _BO ] D _MAX : Maximum discharge depth set value (normal time) D _{MAX, E} : Maximum discharge depth set value (emergency situation such as power failure) R _C (t): Power flow distribution ratio of commercial power supply (load power burden ratio) R _B (t ): Power flow distribution ratio (load power burden) _{If), (R C (t)} + R B (t) = 1) F O: integrated electricity rates when not using the nighttime power (¥) F _N: integrated electricity rates when the night-time electricity was also available (¥) F _M : Accumulated amount of power charge savings when using night power (¥) K _V : Coefficients for determining abnormalities of commercial power sources D ₁ and D ₂ : Coefficients for determining discharge method when commercial power sources are abnormal K _L : Weighting coefficient for calculating the learning load pattern K _RC : Rated ratio of charging power K _RCI : Coefficient for determining the charging method at the time of prediction of incomplete charging η _BC : Charging efficiency (charging device + power storage device) η _BD : Discharge efficiency (electric storage device) η _REC : Efficiency of rectifier η _DST : Efficiency of DC chopper η _INV : Efficiency of inverter [Effect of the invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the stored power can be efficiently used. The effect that a highly economical power supply system can be provided is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the arithmetic and control unit, FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of the power flow distribution unit of FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure shows the operation explanation of the tidal current distributor, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7
FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are flow charts for explaining the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 11 is a circuit block of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 and FIG. 12 are circuit block diagrams of the third embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Commercial power source, 2 ... Power distribution device, 3 ... Power storage device, 4 ... Bypass circuit, 5 ... Charging device, 6 ... Arithmetic control device, 21 ... Rectifier, 22 ... DC chopper, 23 ......
PWM inverter, 66 …… Microcomputer, 81 ……
Inverter.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kotaro Inoue 1168 Moriyama-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd. (72) Masaki Chinen 1168 Moriyama-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Hitachi Energy Research Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Takashi Masuda 800 Tomita, Ohira-cho, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Inside Tochigi Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-60-118033 (JP, A) JP-A-62-25833 (JP, A)

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first electric power supply means for supplying electric power having a different electric charge depending on a time zone to a load device via the power storage device, and supplying the electric power to the load device by bypassing the power storage device. A second power supply means, a first power supply cutoff means for the load equipment of the first power supply means, a second power supply cutoff means for the load equipment of the second power supply means, and a power source; Control means for controlling a third energization / disconnection means for the power storage device; measuring means for measuring received power, load power, and a depth of discharge of the power storage device, and inputting a measurement result to the control means; And a power distribution device having the power supply side and the power output side of the power storage device connected to the input side, and the control means controls the second power source during the low charge time period.
And a control unit for giving an energization command to the third energization interruption means and an interruption instruction to the first energization interruption means, and a state of each measurement result is judged to normalize the second charge in a high charge time zone. And a control unit for giving a cutoff command to the third energization cutoff unit and a command for energization to the first energization cutoff unit, and a control unit for giving a command for adjusting the confluence ratio of each electric input to the power flow distribution device. An electric power supply control device. 2. A first power supply means for supplying power of a nighttime power line to a load device via a power storage device, and a second power supply for supplying other power to the load device by bypassing the power storage device. Power supply means, first energization cutoff means for the load device of the first power supply means, second energization cutoff means for the load device of the second power supply means, and the power storage from the power source. Control means for controlling a third energization / interruption means for the device; measuring means for measuring received power, load power, and a depth of discharge of the power storage device, and inputting a measurement result to the control means; The energization interruption means is connected to the power output side, and the power flow distribution device is connected to the input side of the other electric power and the electric power from the power storage device, and the control means is configured to operate the second power supply during the low charge time period. And an instruction to energize the third energization interruption means, and an interruption instruction to the first energization interruption means. The control unit and the state of each measurement result are determined, and when normal, a command for shutting off is given to the second and third energizing / disconnecting means and a command for energizing is given to the first energizing / disconnecting means. A power supply control device comprising: a control part; and a control part for giving a command for adjusting the confluence ratio of each electric input to the power flow distribution device. 3. A data input unit for inputting respective data of electricity charge switching time, received power, contracted received power, load power, and depth of discharge of a power storage device, and the received power is the contracted received power from the input data. A first calculation unit that calculates charging power that can charge the power storage device to a set level at the highest rate in the low power charge time period under the condition that the power does not exceed, and sets the power stored in the power storage device A second calculation unit for calculating discharge power capable of discharging at the highest high rate in the high power charge time zone to the discharge depth, and the first calculation unit in the lowest power charge time zone based on the calculation result of the first calculation unit. A first control unit that charges the charging device with the charging power calculated by the second calculation unit, and a second calculation unit in the highest power charge time zone based on the calculation result of the second calculation unit. The calculated discharge power causes the charging device to discharge. Power supply control device comprising a second control unit. 4. AC power input to the first input terminal,
A converter for converting the AC power to DC power, and a first chopper for chopping the DC power from the converter,
Coupling that joins the DC power input to the second input terminal, the second chopper that chops the DC power from the second input terminal, and the output power of each of the first and second choppers A power supply control device comprising a unit and a converter that converts the combined power into AC power.