JP2546718B2 - Vacuum type wastewater collection device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vacuum type sewage collection apparatus, and a gas-liquid ratio, which is a ratio (volume ratio) of the amount of intake sewage to the amount of intake air, can be set appropriately along a pipeline. The present invention relates to a vacuum type sewage collection device that can be efficiently distributed by allocating wastewater to each other.

"Prior Art" A vacuum-type sewage collection device is one of the devices that collects sewage in the area. This equipment consists of a vacuum pump station provided for each water collecting area, a vacuum valve provided for one or several households, and a vacuum valve for sucking sewage into the vacuum sewage pipe, and a vacuum sewer pipe extending from the vacuum pump station to each vacuum valve. Composed of. Sewage is sucked into a vacuum sewer pipe together with air by a vacuum valve, flows as a multiphase flow in the vacuum sewer pipe, and is collected in a water collection tank in a vacuum pump station.

The vacuum sewer pipe extends from a vacuum pumping station to several foil meters to several thousand meters along which many vacuum valves are installed. When a certain amount of dirty water is accumulated in the dirty water in the vacuum valve, the vacuum valve opens and the dirty water is absorbed into the vacuum sewer pipe together with air.
The sucked air expands in the vacuum sewer pipe and pushes the dirty water toward the vacuum pump station. Conventionally, sewage and air have been sucked in at substantially the same gas-liquid ratio from vacuum valves located at various locations along the pipeline.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the entire vacuum type sewage collection device. The sewage discharged from each household 11 on the ground flows into the underground sewage masu 2 through the natural flow pipe 3 in the ground. When a certain amount of water is accumulated, the vacuum valve 1 opens and sewage is sucked from the vacuum valve suction pipe 12 and is sucked into the vacuum sewage pipe 4 laid underground through the vacuum valve 1 through the vacuum sewage pipe 13 buried in the ground. Subsequently, the air led from the atmosphere leading to the sewage tank 2 is sucked from the vacuum valve suction pipe 12, and is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 4 through the vacuum valve 1 and the vacuum sewage pipe 13. Vacuum sewage pipe 1
3. The air that has entered the vacuum sewer pipe 4 expands and becomes a multiphase flow of sewage and air, and is collected in the water collection tank 5 of the vacuum pump station 10. The vacuum of the water collection tank 5 is discharged by the vacuum pump 17, and the water collection tank 5 is kept at a constant vacuum degree. The sewage collected in the water collection tank 5 is sent to a sewage treatment plant or the like by the pressure feed pump 6.

In the above description, the vacuum sewage pipe 13 guides a vacuum pressure and causes sewage to flow through the vacuum sewage pipe 4, so that it is substantially a branch pipe of the vacuum sewage pipe 4 and is a vacuum sewage pipe.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing devices on the sewage generation source side. The sewage of each household flows into the sealed sewage 2 through the natural flow pipe 3. A vent pipe 14 communicates with the natural flow-down pipe 3, and the vent pipe 14 stands on the ground and opens to the atmosphere. A valve 7 is buried on the dirty water basin 2. A vacuum valve 1 and a vacuum valve controller 8 are included in the valve stem 7.
The vacuum valve 1 normally shuts off between the vacuum valve suction pipe 12 and the vacuum valve dirty water pipe 13. Therefore, the vacuum sewage pipe 13 is branched from the vacuum sewage pipe 4, but the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewage pipe 4 is a vacuum valve suction pipe.
12, dirty water is less than 2. The other end of the gas pressure introducing pipe 16 whose one end is connected to the upper end of the dirty water amount detecting pipe 15 is connected to the vacuum valve controller 8. The vent pipe 9 for the vacuum valve controller, which is installed on the ground with its upper end open to the atmosphere and goes up through the ground and goes underground, branches into the valve 7 and branches into the vacuum valve 1 And a vacuum valve controller 8.

When dirty water flows into the dirty water tank 2, the lower opening of the dirty water amount detecting pipe 15 is closed by the dirty water. Then, as the sewage rises in the sewage tank 2, the sewage rises in the sewage amount detecting pipe 15 and presses the air in the sewage amount detecting pipe 15.

When the air pressure exceeds a certain value, the air pressure is changed to the gas pressure introducing pipe 16
Is transmitted to the vacuum valve controller 8 to operate the vacuum valve controller 8, and the vacuum valve controller 8 opens the vacuum valve 1. Then, the sewage is sucked into the vacuum valve suction pipe 12 by the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure in the sewage mist 2 introduced in the vent pipe 14 and the vacuum pressure in the vacuum sewer pipe 4, and passes through the opened vacuum valve 1. And passes through the vacuum dirty water pipe 13 to the vacuum sewer pipe 4. At the lower end of the vacuum valve suction pipe 12, when the surface of the sewage in the sewage masu 2 is separated, the air sent from the vent pipe 14 is the vacuum valve suction pipe 12, the opened vacuum valve 1, the vacuum sewage pipe.
As shown in FIG. 13, the gas-liquid mixed-phase flow with the wastewater previously sent out through the vacuum sewer pipe 4 is sent to the vacuum pumping station 10.

Even if the sewage level of the sewage basin 2 goes down and the air pressure in the sewage amount detection tube 15 drops, the vacuum valve controller 8 does not immediately close the vacuum valve 1, and the gas-liquid ratio of sewage to air reaches a predetermined value. As described above, the vacuum valve is designed to be closed after allowing air to pass through for a certain time with a delay.

The vacuum valve 1 described above is well known and is disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,838.

Vacuum valve 1 and vacuum valve controller 8 in the above description
Is as shown in FIG. A pipe is connected between the vacuum dirty water pipe 13 and the vacuum pressure inlet 33, and the vacuum pressure of the vacuum dirty water pipe 13 is controlled by a valve 42 through a distribution chamber 36 whose valve port 43 is closed, a pipe 34, and a throttle valve 44. To the constant vacuum chamber 37 through the pipes 34 and 35, the variable vacuum chamber 32 and the constant vacuum chamber 37 are at equal pressure, and the valve rod 39 equipped with the diaphragm 38 by the compression coil spring 41 has a leftward end. It is in.

Air is guided from the controller ventilation pipe 9 to the atmosphere introduction hole 26 of the vacuum valve controller 8 and from the passage 27 to the cylinder chamber 1a of the vacuum valve 1 to press the piston 1b, and
1b applies the force of the compression spring 1d compressed in the cylinder chamber 1a to press the mushroom valve 28, which is connected to the piston 1b, to the valve seat 1e, and the vacuum valve suction pipe 12 and the vacuum valve into which atmospheric pressure is introduced. The sewage pipe 13 is cut off.

When there is little dirty water in the dirty water tank 2, it is in the state of the above-mentioned figure. When sewage collects in the sewage masu 2, the pressure in the pressure detection chamber 20 rises corresponding to the depth of the sewage in the sewage masu 2 from the gas pressure introducing pipe 16, and the protrusion 19 provided on the diaphragm 18 connects the hinge 22 to the main body 21. The compression spring 23 pushes one end of the lever 30 that is biased counterclockwise about the hinge 22 to compress the compression spring 23, rotate clockwise about the hinge 22, and rotate the valve.
24 opens the valve opening 25.

When the valve port 25 is opened, the ventilation pipe 9, the air introduction hole 26, the passage
29, the atmospheric pressure chamber 31, the valve port 25 and the air flow into the variable vacuum chamber 32. Then, a differential pressure is generated between the variable vacuum chamber 32 and the constant vacuum chamber 37 through which the vacuum pressure is introduced from the vacuum dirty water pipe 13 through the vacuum pressure inlet 33, the distribution chamber 36, and the pipes 34, 36. , The diaphragm 38 is displaced to the right, and the diaphragm 38
The valve rod 39 connected to the valve rod is moved rightward against the compression coil spring 41, and the valve 42 shuts off between the atmosphere introducing hole 26 and the passage 27.
Since 43 is opened, vacuum wastewater pipe 13, vacuum pressure inlet 33, distribution chamber
Vacuum pressure is transmitted to 36, valve port 43, passage 27, cylinder chamber 1a,
The piston 1b is pulled up against the force of the compression spring 1d, and the mushroom valve 28 is opened.

When the detection pressure introduced from the gas pressure introducing pipe 16 decreases, the pressure in the pressure detection chamber 20 decreases, the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure chamber 31 and the pressure detection chamber 20 decreases, the diaphragm 18 restores, and the lever 30 springs.
The valve 24 closes the valve opening 25 by being restored by the force of 23. As a result, the air in the variable vacuum chamber 32 is sucked into the vacuum waste water pipe 13 via the throttle valve 44, the pipe 34, the distribution chamber 36, and the vacuum pressure inlet 33,
The diaphragm 38 is restored, the valve rod 39 is also restored by the force of the compression coil spring 41, the valve 42 closes the valve opening 43, and the atmosphere flows into the cylinder chamber 1a through the atmosphere introduction hole 26 and the passage 27, and the piston The vacuum pressure that lifts 1b disappears and the force of the compression spring 1d causes the saw valve 28 to close.

Therefore, by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 44, the outflow time of the air in the variable vacuum chamber 32 is adjusted, and the time when the mushroom valve 28 is closed after the wastewater in the wastewater tank 2 leaves the wastewater amount detection pipe 15. The gas-liquid ratio of sewage and air that is adjusted and passes through the vacuum valve 1 can be adjusted.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in such a conventional vacuum sewage collection device in which a vacuum valve device having a constant gas-liquid ratio is arranged, the suction is performed from the vacuum valve located at the end of the pipeline of the vacuum sewage pipe. The air taken in is always expanded only in the direction of the vacuum pump station 10 and is effectively used for transporting wastewater, but the air sucked from the vacuum valve located in the middle of the pipeline is not limited to the direction of the vacuum pump station 10. However, the efficiency of converting the pressure energy of the sucked air into the carrier energy of the wastewater was poor because it also expanded in the opposite direction to the end of the conduit to push back the wastewater. Therefore, a large amount of air is required, the vacuum pumping capacity of the vacuum pumping station must be increased, and power consumption is also increased.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional sewage collecting apparatus described above and to provide an efficient vacuum sewage collecting apparatus.

"Means for Solving the Problem" The first invention of the present application inhales sewage discharged from a large number of homes together with air into a vacuum sewer pipe that is set up in a sewage collection area via a vacuum valve device, and In a vacuum-type wastewater collection device that collects in a vacuum pump station installed in a region, a gas-liquid ratio that is the ratio (volume ratio) of the amount of wastewater in the vacuum valve device located downstream of the vacuum sewer pipe to the amount of air converted to atmospheric pressure. The ratio is smaller than the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve device arranged on the upstream side.

In the second invention of the present application, sewage discharged from many houses is sucked together with air into a vacuum sewer pipe attached to a sewage collection area through a vacuum valve device and collected in a vacuum pump station provided in the area. In the vacuum type sewage collection device, reduce the gas-liquid ratio, which is the ratio (volume ratio) of the sewage amount of all vacuum valve devices and the air amount converted to atmospheric pressure, and separately inhale the atmosphere at the end of the vacuum sewer pipe line. It is characterized in that a valve device capable of adjusting the suction amount is provided.

"Working" The vacuum-type wastewater collection device has a large number of vacuum valve devices, each of which opens and closes in a chaotic manner.
The inflow of sewage changes according to the change in the amount of sewage generated over time. However, in a short time, the inflow of sewage is generally uniform in any part of the vacuum sewer pipeline.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of air sucked in the downstream region of the vacuum sewer pipe is small, so that the amount of useless air flowing toward the upstream is reduced. Most of the air sucked in the upstream region expands to the downstream side, so most of the air is effectively used for transporting wastewater.

The second invention of the present invention is more effective than the first invention because most of the air for transporting sewage is sucked from the valve located at the end of the vacuum sewer pipe, which always expands downstream. used. Furthermore, by repeatedly inhaling a large amount of air in a short time, the effect of blowing off the airlock in the pipeline can be expected.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a layout of an embodiment of the first invention of the present invention. The vacuum pumping station 10 is provided with a water collecting tank 5, a vacuum pump 17 not shown in the drawings, and a pump 6 for discharging dirty water, as described above. The vacuum sewage pipe 4 is branched into branch pipes 4a and 4b at the end of the pipeline, and one household or several households are provided with one sewage generation side device.
Only are shown in the figure.

In order to make the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 in the downstream region 45 surrounded by the one-dot chain line smaller than the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 in the upstream region 46,
The opening of the throttle valve 44 of the vacuum valve controller 8 shown in FIG. 5 is made larger than the opening of the throttle valve 44 for the vacuum valve 1 in the upstream region 46.

Further, the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 in the midstream region not surrounded by the upstream region 46 and the downstream region 45 is the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 in the upstream region 46 and the downstream region 45.
It is the middle of the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 inside.

Usually, a large number of vacuum valves 1 are operated at the same time or in a short time. Therefore, in the figure, it may be considered that the vacuum valve 1 is several times larger than this in an actual device, and the illustrated vacuum valves 1 are all operated at the same time. . In addition, it is considered that the amount of sewage sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 4 through each vacuum valve 1 is equal (there are a lot of sewage basins 2, which is considered statistically). Then, the vacuum valve 1 in the upstream area 46
Since the amount of air sucked into the branch pipes 4a, 4b of the vacuum sewer pipe 4 from the group is larger than the amount of air sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 4 from the vacuum valve 1 group in the downstream region 45, the branch pipe 4a is in the upstream region 46. The air pressure in 4b increases, and the air flows to the downstream side with the wastewater at a higher speed than before. On the other hand, the air sucked from the vacuum valve 1 in the downstream region 45 into the vacuum sewer pipe 4 has a small degree of pressure reduction rapidly on the upstream side from the suction point, so the ratio increases toward the downstream side.

Therefore, the energy that pushes the sewage toward the downstream is effectively used in both the upstream and the downstream, so that the amount of the sewage fed per unit amount of air is increased as a whole.

The vacuum valve 1 between the upstream region 46 and the downstream region 45 will behave in the middle of the upstream region 46 and the downstream region 45.

The upstream region 46 and the downstream region 45 are not uniform because the manner in which the vacuum sewer pipe 4 is stretched depending on the range and shape of the sewage collection area, for example, the branching method of the pipeline is different, but these are relative. Therefore, the upstream region, the middle stream region, and the downstream region may be further subdivided so that the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 in the downstream region is smaller than the gas-liquid ratio of the vacuum valve 1 in the upstream region.

FIG. 2 is a layout showing an embodiment of the second invention of the present invention, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are assigned the same reference numerals.

Valves 47a, 4 with adjustable suction volume are provided at the ends of the branch pipes 4a, 4b.
7b is provided. The vacuum valve controllers 8 of all the vacuum valves 1 are designed to have a smaller gas-liquid ratio and a smaller intake air amount than the conventional example in which the valves 47a and 47b are not provided.

The valves 47a and 47b are opened by, for example, a timer. This set time is set during that time period by statistically catching the increase in the wastewater drainage of each household and the opening of the vacuum valve. Alternatively, the operation of each vacuum valve is detected and the vacuum valves are opened according to the open state of the group of vacuum valves.
Alternatively, it is performed by calculating the pressure reduction gradient in the vacuum sewer pipe 4.

When using a timer to open the valves 47a and 47b, for example, the valves 47a and 47b are opened for 10 to 60 seconds at an interval of 5 to 30 minutes from 7:00 to 10:00 in the morning and from 17:00 to 21:00 in the evening. In the time zone, the valves 47a and 47b should be opened for 10 to 60 seconds at intervals of 30 to 60 minutes.

〔The invention's effect〕

The present invention relates to the same amount of air sucked into the vacuum wastewater pipe,
By increasing the contribution rate to the sewage transportation, it is possible to increase the liquid-air ratio as a whole and save the power of the vacuum pump.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are views showing the layout of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vacuum type waste water collecting device, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a device provided in a sewage generation area, and FIG. 5 is a vacuum valve. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vacuum valve controller of the device. 1 ... vacuum valve, 1a ... cylinder chamber, 1b ... pinson, 1d
...... Compression spring, 1e ...... Valve seat, 2 ...... Sewage, 3 ...... Natural downflow pipe, 4 ...... Vacuum sewage pipe, 4a, 4b ...... Branch pipe, 5 ......
Water collection tank, 6 …… pressure pump, 7 …… valve, 8 ……
Vacuum controller, 9 ... Vent pipe for vacuum valve controller, 10 ... Vacuum pump station, 11 ... Home, 12 ... Vacuum valve suction pipe, 13 ... Vacuum sewage pipe, 14 ... Vent pipe, 15 ... Dirty water amount detection pipe, 16 ... Gas pressure introduction pipe, 17 ... Vacuum pump,
18 …… diaphragm, 19 …… protrusion, 20 …… pressure detection chamber,
21 …… Main body, 22 …… Hinge, 23 …… Compression spring, 24 ……
Valve, 25 ... Valve mouth, 26 ... Atmosphere introduction hole, 27 ... Passage, 28 ...
… Mushroom valve, 29 …… passage, 30 …… lever, 31 …… atmospheric pressure chamber, 32 …… variable vacuum chamber, 33 …… vacuum pressure inlet, 34,35 ……
Piping, 36 ... Distribution chamber, 37 ... Constant vacuum chamber, 38 ... Diaphragm, 39 ... Valve rod, 41 ... Compression coil spring, 42 ... Valve,
43 …… Valve port, 44 …… Throttle valve, 45 …… Upstream region, 46 …… Downstream region, 47a, 47b …… Valve.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vacuum system in which sewage discharged from a large number of houses is sucked together with air through a vacuum valve device into a vacuum sewer pipe installed in a sewage storage area and is collected in a vacuum pump station provided in the area. In the sewage collection device, a vacuum valve device in which the gas-liquid ratio, which is the ratio (volume ratio) of the amount of sewage in the vacuum valve device placed downstream of the vacuum sewer pipe to the amount of air converted to atmospheric pressure, is placed in the upstream region. Vacuum type sewage collection device characterized in that it is smaller than the gas-liquid ratio of. 2. A vacuum system in which sewage discharged from a large number of houses is sucked together with air into a vacuum sewer pipe installed in a sewage collection area through a vacuum valve device, and is collected in a vacuum pump station provided in the area. In the sewage collection device, reduce the gas-liquid ratio, which is the ratio (volume ratio) of the sewage amount of all vacuum valve devices to the air amount converted to atmospheric pressure, and separately absorb the atmosphere at the end of the vacuum sewer pipe line. A vacuum type sewage collection device, which is provided with a valve device capable of adjusting the amount.