JP2001081852A - Vacuum sewage system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum sewage system capable of preventing the occurrence of a water block in a lift part of a vacuum sewage pipe and maintaining stable sewage water transport. SOLUTION: In this vacuum sewage system including a vacuum sewage pipe 31, a vacuum station, and plural vacuum valve units 10 for feeding sewage water in a sewage water tank 11 into the vacuum sewage pipe 31 by opening a vacuum valve 14 disposed in the sewage water tank 11, an automatic intake valve 20 is disposed on the upstream near a lift part of an up-grade provided in the middle part of the vacuum sewage pipe 31 in each vacuum valve unit 10, the automatic intake valve 20 is closed by vacuum in the vacuum sewage pipe 31, and when the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewage pipe 31 is lowered, the valve is opened to supply air into the vacuum sewage pipe 31.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vacuum sewer system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vacuum-type sewage collection systems have been developed which transport and collect sewage discharged from households using vacuum pressure. In this vacuum-type sewage collection system, a vacuum sewage pipe is provided between a vacuum valve unit having a sewage tank in which sewage discharged from each household or the like is stored and a water collection tank in which sewage is collected. The water collecting tank is provided in a vacuum station provided with a vacuum pump for evacuating the inside of the vacuum sewage pipe, and the inside of the vacuum sewage pipe is evacuated by the vacuum pump of the vacuum station.

[0003] The vacuum valve unit is provided with a sewage suction pipe for sucking sewage collected in the sewage tank, and a vacuum valve for communicating and shutting off the sewage suction pipe and the vacuum sewage pipe. The vacuum valve is controlled to open and close using the vacuum in the vacuum sewage pipe. When the vacuum valve is opened, the sewage in the sewage tank is sucked into the vacuum sewage pipe.

[0004] After the sewage is sucked or together with the sewage, air is sucked, and the sucked air flows in the vacuum sewage pipe at a speed higher than the flow rate of the sewage. As described above, the air flows at high speed with respect to the sewage in the vacuum sewage pipe, so that a gas-liquid two-phase flow of sewage and air is formed in the vacuum sewage pipe, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow is The sewage is transported at high speed in the pipe.

[0005] In this vacuum type wastewater collection system, usually,
The vacuum sewage pipe has a downward slope and a height difference of 30 on the ground surface side.
cm and lift portions are alternately and shallowly buried and piped alternately in a sawtooth shape. When there are obstacles such as rivers and other buried pipes between the vacuum valve unit and the vacuum station, the vacuum sewage pipe is piped around these obstacles.

In the vacuum sewage pipe having such a piping structure, when a gas-liquid two-phase flow is formed inside, the air flowing at a high speed flows before the sewage. As a result, the sewage through which the air passes accumulates at the lowest part of the lift section, and forms a faucet that seals the inside of the sewage pipe. The sewage, which has formed a faucet at the lowest part of the lift, flows as a gas-liquid two-phase flow with the suctioned air when passing through on the upstream side, and passes through the lift.

[0007] The sewage that has passed through the lift section accumulates in the lowest part of the next lift section to form a faucet. As described above, the formation of the gas-liquid two-phase flow and the formation of the faucet are alternately repeated in the vacuum sewage pipe, so that the sewage flows over the lift portion, and the collection tank provided in the vacuum station. Transported to Then, the sewage collected in the water collection tank is transported to a sewage treatment plant or the like by a pressure pump.

In such a vacuum type sewage system, a sewage in a sewage tank is sucked into a vacuum sewage pipe, and then a gas-liquid separation suction method of sucking air, and a gas-liquid simultaneous suction of sucking sewage and air at the time. There is a method.

In the gas-liquid separation and suction system, sewage is sucked by a sewage suction pipe, and then air is sucked by the sewage suction pipe, so that the sewage can be efficiently transported by the flow of the sucked air. it can.

In the simultaneous gas-liquid suction method, an intake pipe having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the sewage suction pipe is provided separately from the sewage suction pipe for sucking sewage, usually downstream of the vacuum valve. With this suction pipe, air is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe simultaneously with suction of sewage.

[0011]

As described above, in any case, the ratio of the sucked air to the sewage is set relatively stably. However, in practice, fluctuations in the amount of sewage flowing into the vacuum valve unit over time, fluctuations in the vacuum pressure in the vacuum sewer due to suction of sewage by a vacuum valve unit disposed in close proximity, If the gas-liquid two-phase flow is not formed due to the passage of only air in the lift section of the vacuum sewer pipe, the amount of air suction set in advance to eliminate the faucet becomes insufficient for air, and the lift section becomes dirty. Is not formed, and a water block that completely seals the lift portion with sewage is generated.

[0012] Such a water block is provided with a large number of lifts in a vacuum sewer pipe,
It may occur suddenly. As described above, when a water block that completely seals the lift portion is generated, there is a possibility that sewage cannot be stably conveyed in the entire vacuum type sewage system.

Empirically, the occurrence of a water block in the middle part of the vacuum sewer pipe has a large difference in height, and is likely to occur in a lift section having a large pipe diameter. When the height difference of the lift is large, when the sewage passes through the lift with the full pipe, gravitational loss of the sewage of the drop difference occurs, and the sewage falls by gravity and stays at the lower part of the lift part compared to the amount of air passing through. is there. This phenomenon is conspicuous in a lift having a large pipe diameter and a large head, and a phenomenon in which only air passes through an upper space in a pipe having a large pipe diameter contributes to the generation of a water block.

For example, in the case of the simultaneous gas-liquid suction method, a relatively small-diameter intake pipe for sucking air is provided downstream of the vacuum valve, so that the air is sucked only while the vacuum valve is open. And the amount of air sucked from the suction pipe depends on the diameter of the small-diameter suction pipe, so that sufficient air cannot be supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe. is there.

In the gas-liquid separation method, the valve opening time of the vacuum valve for communicating and shutting off the vacuum sewer pipe and the sewage suction pipe is adjusted by a controller of the vacuum valve or by a timer provided in the vacuum valve. By
The air suction time is adjusted, and the amount of air sucked into the vacuum sewer is adjusted. However, the vacuum valve uses a vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe to control the opening and closing of the valve body. Therefore, even if the valve opening time in the vacuum valve is set to be constant, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe is set. Is extremely reduced, the suction amount of air is relatively reduced with respect to the suction amount of sewage, and the ratio between sewage and air changes.

Therefore, when the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer is extremely reduced, it is necessary to increase the amount of air sucked while the vacuum valve is opened. In order to increase the amount of air to be supplied, a method of replenishing air to the vacuum sewer pipe by employing a simultaneous gas-liquid suction method of sucking air simultaneously with suction of sewage is adopted. However, as described above, even in the gas-liquid simultaneous suction method, only when the vacuum valve is opened, air is only sucked from the relatively small-diameter intake pipe. Thus, the gas-liquid simultaneous suction method is adopted. However, there is a problem that sufficient air cannot be supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe.

In the gas-liquid separation method, it is detected that air is being sucked after the sewage in the sewage tank is sucked, and then the air is sucked for a predetermined time, and then the vacuum valve is closed. Although there is a method, in this case as well, if the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer is extremely reduced, the necessary and sufficient air cannot be sucked into the vacuum sewer.

For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-319662, a plurality of intake pipes are set up in an upstream portion of a vacuum sewage pipe close to a lift portion so that an upper end portion is located on the surface of the ground. A structure in which an intake valve is provided in each section is disclosed. If a water block is generated at the lowest part of the lift, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer upstream of the water block is reduced, and each intake valve is opened, and air on the ground is introduced into the vacuum sewer. Introduced to eliminate the water block.

However, such an intake valve cannot be opened and closed with high sensitivity in response to a decrease in the degree of vacuum of the vacuum sewer pipe.
There was a risk that the required sufficient air could not be supplied quickly in the vacuum drain.

Further, in the structure in which the intake valve is provided at each upper end of the plurality of intake pipes connected to the vacuum sewer pipe,
When a trouble such as breakage of the vacuum sewer pipe occurs and the pressure in the vacuum sewer pipe is released to the atmosphere, each intake valve is opened. Thereafter, when the trouble is solved by repair or the like, the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe is returned to a steady vacuum state. In this case, since all the intake valves are open, there is a problem that it is not easy to make the entire vacuum drain pipe vacuum.

In order to solve such a problem, on-off valves may be provided for all the intake valves and each on-off valve may be closed. However, many on-off valves provided over a wide range are all closed. It is not easy to do.

An object of the present invention is to prevent the occurrence of a water block in a lift portion of a vacuum sewer pipe, to maintain a stable sewage transport environment, and to reduce the degree of vacuum after the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe is reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum type sewage system capable of quickly returning a sewage pipe to a steady vacuum state.

[0023]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A vacuum sewage pipe in which the inside is in a vacuum state, a vacuum station having a vacuum pump for generating a vacuum of the vacuum sewage pipe, and sewage flowing from home and the like under natural flow through a sewage pipe are stored in a sewage tank. By opening a vacuum valve disposed in the tank, a vacuum-type sewage collection system comprising a plurality of vacuum valve units for sending sewage in the sewage tank to the vacuum sewer pipe. An automatic intake valve is connected in the valve unit, and the automatic intake valve is closed by the vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe, and is opened when the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe decreases, so that air is supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe. Is what it is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum type sewage collection system according to the first aspect, an uplift is provided at an intermediate portion of the vacuum sewer pipe, and an automatic intake is provided near the lift on the upstream side. This is where the valve is located.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum-type wastewater collecting system according to the first aspect, the vacuum valve unit is a multi-valve type having a plurality of vacuum valves, and one of the vacuum valves is an automatic intake valve. Are arranged.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum type wastewater collecting system of the first aspect, the vacuum valve unit is buried at a position considerably lower than the vacuum sewer pipe. An automatic intake valve is arranged in a horizontal portion of a connecting pipe connecting between the two.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum type wastewater collecting system according to the first aspect, an automatic intake valve is disposed on both the upstream side of the junction where the vacuum sewer pipes join.

(Operation) In the vacuum type wastewater collecting system according to the first aspect of the present invention, an automatic intake valve is connected to the plurality of vacuum valve units, and the automatic intake valve is closed by the vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe. When the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer drops, it is opened and air is supplied into the vacuum sewer, so necessary air is reliably supplied in response to changes in the degree of vacuum of the vacuum sewer. In addition, after the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer increases, the degree of vacuum can be quickly returned to a steady level without performing any special operation. The vacuum valve unit does not suck excessive air.Effectively sucks air in places where lifts and water blocks are likely to occur, forming a two-phase flow. The running cost can be reduced.

Further, in each vacuum valve unit, excessive intake is prevented from being performed, so that the pressure loss applied to the inflow pipe is reduced, and the sewage trap in the piping in the residential land does not break.

In the vacuum-type wastewater collecting system according to the second aspect of the present invention, an uplift is provided in an intermediate portion of the vacuum sewer pipe, and an automatic intake valve is arranged upstream near the lift. Therefore, the water block formed by collecting the sewage in the lift portion is eliminated by the operation of the automatic intake valve, and the sewage can be effectively transported.

In the vacuum-type wastewater collecting system according to the third aspect of the present invention, the vacuum valve unit is a multi-valve type having a plurality of vacuum valves, and one of the vacuum valves is provided with an automatic intake valve. Therefore, it is suitable for a large-sized vacuum valve unit such as a condominium where a large amount of sewage is expected to flow from many dwellings at once.

In the vacuum-type wastewater collecting system according to the present invention, the vacuum valve unit is buried at a position considerably lower than the vacuum sewer pipe, and a connection is made between the vacuum valve unit and the vacuum sewer pipe. The automatic intake valve is located in the horizontal part of the connecting pipe, so even if there is a high lift between the horizontal connecting pipe and the vacuum sewer pipe, the water block is eliminated and effective sewage transfer is achieved. It can be performed.

In the vacuum type sewage collection system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the automatic intake valves are arranged on both the upstream side of the junction where the vacuum sewer pipes join together, the water block or the vacuum is generated by the reverse flow of the sewage. Even if the pressure drops,
It can be released by the operation of the automatic intake valve.

[0034]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a first embodiment of a vacuum type sewage system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a vacuum valve unit in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an automatic intake valve in FIG. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the operation of the automatic intake valve of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vacuum type sewer system has a vacuum sewer pipe 31, a vacuum pump for generating a vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe 31, and a vacuum pump having a pressure pump for sending sewage to a sewage treatment plant. It comprises a station 32 and a vacuum valve unit 10 that collects sewage generated at home or the like and sends the sewage to a vacuum sewer 31. The vacuum drain pipe 31 is a polyethylene resin pipe or a hard vinyl chloride resin pipe.

Then, the sewage discharged from the household naturally flows down the sewage inflow pipe 12 and is stored in the vacuum valve unit 10. The stored sewage passes through the vacuum sewage pipe 31 to the vacuum station 32. It is designed to be collected in a provided water collection tank. The inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 connecting the vacuum valve unit 10 and the water collecting tank is evacuated by a vacuum pump provided in a vacuum station 32.

The vacuum sewage pipe 31 has a downward slope 31a having a gentle downward slope of 0.2% or more and a downstream slope of the downward slope 31a. Buried shallowly so that the lift portion 31b is sequentially repeated. In addition, the vacuum sewer pipe 31
A vacuum drain pipe 31 is provided with a bypass part 31c that passes below a river, which is an obstacle 33 existing in front of the pipe.

As shown in FIG. 2, the vacuum valve unit 10 has a resin sewage tank 11 buried underground. The lower end of the sewage inflow pipe 12 is connected to the lower side wall of the sewage tank 11. Through this sewage inflow pipe 12, sewage discharged from homes flows naturally into the sewage tank 11 and is stored in the sewage pool 11a.

On the upper side wall of the sewage tank 11, a vacuum drain pipe 3 is provided.
1 are connected at the upstream end. The upstream end of the vacuum sewage pipe 31 is inserted into the sewage tank 11 in a substantially horizontal state, and a gate valve 13 is connected to the end in the sewage tank 11. A sewage suction pipe 15 is connected to the upstream side of the gate valve 13 via a vacuum valve 14. Sewage suction pipe 15
Is bent downward so that the inflow port at the lower end is located in the sewage pool 11a at the bottom of the sewage tank 11. The gate valve 13 is provided to shut off a communication state between the vacuum sewer pipe 31 and the vacuum valve 14 and the sewage suction pipe 15 at the time of maintenance of the vacuum valve unit 10 or the like.

When the vacuum pressure of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 is applied, the flow path of the vacuum valve 14 is opened, and the vacuum sewer pipe 31 is opened.
And the sewage suction pipe 15. When the sewage suction pipe 15 and the vacuum sewage pipe 31 are in communication with each other, the inside of the sewage suction pipe 15 becomes a vacuum state similar to the vacuum state in the vacuum sewage pipe 31, and the sewage in the sewage pool 11 a becomes sewage suction pipe It is sucked into 15 and supplied to the vacuum sewer pipe 31.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a water level detecting pipe,
This is for detecting the level of the sewage stored in a. The internal pressure of the water level detection pipe 16 rises as the water level of the sewage stored in the sewage pool 11a rises. The vacuum valve 14 is opened and closed by a differential pressure between the pressure in the water level detection pipe 16 and the pressure in the vacuum drain pipe 31 connected to the downstream side through the gate valve 13.

The opening of the vacuum valve 14 causes the water level of the sewage in the sewage pool 11a to drop and the sewage suction pipe 1
The flow path is adjusted so that the flow path is closed when a predetermined time elapses after the wastewater is not sucked by 5. Therefore, the sewage suction pipe 15 is connected to the sewage pool 11a.
After sucking the sewage therein, the air in the sewage pool 11a is sucked for a predetermined time.

An air inlet pipe 17 is connected to an upper part of a sewage pool 11a provided at a lower part of the sewage tank 11.
The air inflow pipe 17 is piped underground, and its tip protrudes upward from the surface of the ground and is disposed in the atmosphere. The role of this air inflow pipe 17 is that when the sewage and air stored in the sewage pool 11a are vacuum-suctioned into the sewage suction pipe 15, the air on the ground surface flows into the sewage tank 11,
The purpose is to prevent a pressure drop in the sewage pool 11a.

A small diameter air introduction pipe 18 is provided in the air inflow pipe 17. The air introduction pipe 18 is connected to the air inflow pipe 17 through the automatic intake valve 20 and into the vacuum sewer pipe 31.
The air inside is directly supplied. As described above, since the air introduction pipe 18 is provided in the air inflow pipe 17, even if the inside of the sewage tank 11 of the vacuum valve unit 10 is submerged, the air introduction pipe 18 is inserted into the vacuum drain pipe 31. Air can be supplied reliably.

When it is not necessary to consider the state of submergence in the sewage tank 11 of the vacuum valve unit 10, the inflow side of the automatic intake valve 20 is opened in the sewage tank 11, and the sewage is discharged through this opening. The air in the tank 11 may be supplied to the vacuum sewer pipe 31.

As shown in FIG. 3, the automatic intake valve 20 includes an upstream portion 18a and a downstream portion 18a of the air introduction pipe 18.
b, a valve body 22 provided in the valve box 21, and a cap body 23 attached to the valve box 21. The downstream portion 18 b of the air introduction pipe 18 is connected to the vacuum sewer pipe 31 via the gate valve 13.

The valve box 21 is formed as a cylindrical body provided with a valve body accommodating portion 21 d which protrudes in a cylindrical shape at the center in the axial direction, and has one end located upstream of the air introduction pipe 18. The inflow portion 21a is connected to the portion 18a. The other end concentric with the inflow section 21a is connected to the air introduction pipe 18
Outflow portion 21b connected to the downstream portion 18b of the cylinder
It has been.

The valve body accommodating portion 21d is orthogonal to the inflow portion 21a and the outflow portion 21b, and communicates with the outflow portion 21b. The inflow portion 21a of the valve box 21 is divided into an outflow portion 21b and a valve body accommodating portion 21d by a partition wall 21c.
The suction port 21e that communicates the valve body accommodating portion 21d and the inflow portion 21a is provided in the partition wall portion 21c concentrically with the axis of the valve body accommodating portion 21d.

At the distal end of the valve accommodating portion 21d, a cap 23 in the shape of a truncated cone with a diaphragm 24 is attached to the valve accommodating portion 21d with bolts 23b via a diaphragm 24 which covers the distal end opening in an airtight state. And are integrally attached. A cylindrical valve element 22 is provided in a cylindrical valve element accommodating section 21d with an intake port 21e provided in a partition wall section 21c.
And is slidably provided in a direction concentric with the suction hole 21e. The diaphragm 24 is made of a thermoplastic elastomer such as EPDM.

The outer diameter of the cap body 23 is
The outer diameter gradually decreases as the distance from d increases, and a nut member 23a is attached to an axial center portion at the tip end. The cap member 2 is attached to the nut member 23a.
The adjusting bolt 23c that passes through the shaft center portion 3 is screwed, and the head of the adjusting bolt 23c is arranged so as to be close to the valve body accommodating portion 21d. The tip of the adjustment bolt 23c on the side opposite to the head projects upward from the tip of the cap body 23.
Cover member 2 detachable from cap body 23
6.

The adjusting bolt 23c is rotated forward and backward by manipulating the tip end projecting from the cap body 23, whereby the adjusting bolt 23c is screw-fed to the nut member 23a attached to the tip end of the cap body 23, and is axially moved. Is slid up and down along.

A compression spring 23e is fitted on the shaft of the adjustment bolt 23c arranged in the cap body 23.
The compression spring 23e includes a lower spring receiver 23f mounted adjacent to the head of the adjustment bolt 23c, and an adjustment bolt 23c.
Upper spring receiver 23 slidably provided in the middle of c
h, it is fitted to the adjustment bolt 23c in a compressed state. The upper spring receiver 23h is prevented from coming off by a C-shaped retaining ring 23g.

The compression spring 23e is housed in a cylindrical piston member 23d which is fitted concentrically with the adjustment bolt 23c. Nut member 2 in piston member 23d
The end face close to 3a is engaged with a spring receiver 23f that supports the upper end of the compression spring 23e via a C-shaped retaining ring 23g. As a result, the piston member 23d is supported by the compression spring 23e so as to be slidable along the adjustment bolt 23c in a state of being urged upward so as to be separated from the valve body accommodating portion 21d.

The valve housing 2 in the piston member 23d
The upper end of the valve stem 22a is supported on the axial center of the lower end surface near 1d. The valve stem 22a is
d through the lower end surface and the axial center of the diaphragm 24, and is inserted into the valve body accommodating portion 21d.
d, and penetrates the axis of the valve element 22 provided in the valve element housing 21d. The lower end of the valve stem 23d is inserted concentrically into an air inlet 21e that communicates the valve body accommodating portion 21d with the inflow portion 21a. A guide body 25 is attached to the lower end of the valve stem 22a inserted into the intake port 21e via a packing 22b.

The guide body 25 is a partition 21c of the valve box 21.
Through the inlet 21e provided in the valve case 21 and into the inflow portion 21a of the valve box 21. The guide body 25 is a valve body 2
Except for the upper end portion close to 2, the valve stem 22a and the intake port 21e are formed in a concentric cylindrical shape,
A certain interval is provided with the intake port 21e. The upper end of the guide body 25 is a frusto-conical guide part 25a whose outer diameter gradually increases toward the upper side.

The packing 22b provided between the valve body 22 and the guide body 25 is made of an elastic material such as rubber and has a disk having an outer diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the intake port 21e through which the guide body 25 is inserted. The valve body 22 is fitted into a recess formed at the center of the lower end surface of the valve body 22,
Is pressed into contact with the lower end surface. The packing 22b is pressed against the valve seat 21f around the intake port 21e in an airtight state over the entire circumference.

The guide body 25a has a packing 22b provided between the guide body 25a and the valve body 22 sandwiched between the guide body 25a and the valve body 22, and the upper end surface of the valve body 22 is located below the piston member 23d via the diaphragm 24. It is integrally attached to the lower end of the valve stem 22a so as to be pressed against the end face. Therefore, the piston member 23d provided in the cap body 23 and the valve body 22 provided in the valve body accommodating portion 21d are provided.
And the diaphragm 24 provided between the piston member 23d and the valve body 22, and the valve body 22 and the guide body 25 are also integrated with the packing 22b.

The guide body 25 slides downward together with the valve body 22 by sliding the piston member 23d downward against the spring force of the compression spring 23e. Packing 22 provided
b is pressed against the valve seat 21f around the intake port 21e,
The intake port 21e is closed in an airtight manner.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
Slides upward, the pressure contact state between the packing 22b and the valve seat 21f is released, and the valve box 2 passes through the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the intake port 21e and the outer peripheral surface of the guide body 25.
The first inflow portion 21a and the inside of the valve body accommodating portion 21d communicate with each other. As a result, the air inflow pipe 17 into which the ground surface air flows and the vacuum sewer pipe 31 are in communication with each other, and the ground surface air is supplied to the vacuum sewer pipe 31 through the air inlet pipe 18 and the automatic intake valve 20. .

The vacuum type sewage system having such a configuration is as follows.
When the gate valve 13 in the vacuum valve unit 10 is opened, the operating state is established, and the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 is evacuated by the vacuum pump provided in the vacuum station.

When the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 is in a vacuum state, the automatic intake valve 20 is in the same vacuum state as the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 inside the valve housing part 21d, and the valve body housing part 21d A suction force P directed toward the inside of the valve body accommodating portion 21d acts on the diaphragm 24 separating the airtight state from the cap body 23.

Then, the suction force P is applied to the adjusting bolt 23c.
Is greater than the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, the diaphragm 24 is sucked into the valve body accommodating portion 21d, and the piston member 23d, the valve body 22, and the guide body 25 slide downward integrally. , Packing 2
2b is pressed against the valve seat 21f in an airtight state. As a result,
As shown in FIG. 3, the intake port 21e that communicates the inflow portion 21a of the valve box 21 with the valve body housing portion 21d is closed in an airtight state.

Thereafter, the water level of the sewage stored in the sewage pool 11a of the sewage tank 11 is determined by the water level detection pipe 16.
When it is detected that the water level has reached a predetermined water level set in advance, the vacuum valve 14 takes in the vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 and opens the flow path. As a result, the sewage suction pipe 15 and the vacuum sewage pipe 31 communicate with each other, and the inside of the sewage suction pipe 15 becomes the same vacuum state as the inside of the vacuum sewage pipe 31,
The sewage stored in the sewage pool 11a is discharged to the sewage suction pipe 1
5 is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31. Then, the sewage in the sewage reservoir 11a is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 and the level of the sewage in the sewage reservoir 11a decreases. When the sewage is not sucked by the sewage suction pipe 15, the sewage suction pipe 15 Then, the air in the sewage tank 11 is sucked, and then the vacuum valve 14 is in a state in which the flow path is closed.

When the sewage and the air are sucked into the vacuum sewage pipe 31, the sewage flows into the vacuum sewage pipe 31 toward the vacuum station 32 as a gas-liquid two-phase flow together with the air. By the way, since the air flows at a higher speed than the sewage, only the air passes through the ascending portion 31b of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 and the sewage stays in the lowest part of the ascending portion 31b.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, sewage accumulates in the upwardly inclined portion 31b of the vacuum sewer pipe 31, and a faucet for sealing the lower portion of the upwardly inclined portion 31b is formed. After that, when the water block W in which the entire upward inclined portion 31b is completely water-sealed is formed by the inflow of sewage that further exceeds the air amount, the vacuum drain pipe downstream of the portion where the water block W is formed is formed. The vacuum pressure in 31 is not transmitted to the upstream side of the water block W, and the pressure in the upstream portion of the water block W increases.
As a result, the pressure in the vacuum drain 31 upstream of the portion where the water block W is formed increases, and the degree of vacuum inside the tube decreases.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface of the downward inclined portion 31a located on the upstream side near the upwardly rising lift portion 31b provided in the middle portion of the vacuum sewer pipe 31. One end of the same automatic intake valve 20 as that shown in FIG. 3 is connected to the upper end of the intake pipe 4a that is raised to the ground surface.

Therefore, in the above state,
Outflow portion 21b and valve body accommodation portion 21d of automatic intake valve 20
The pressure inside rises. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the suction force P acting on the diaphragm 24 becomes smaller than the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, the piston member 23d slides upward due to the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, and The valve body 22 and the guide body 25 integrated with the member 23d also slide upward. Then, an intake port 21e that communicates the inflow section 21a with the valve body accommodating section 21d.
The packing 22b pressed against the surrounding valve seat 21f is also slid upward. As a result, the intake port 21e is opened, and the inflow portion 21a communicates with the outflow portion 21b via the valve body accommodating portion 21d.

At this time, the outflow section 21b is connected to the vacuum sewer pipe 3
1, the degree of vacuum is reduced, but the vacuum state is lower than the atmospheric pressure.
Is opened so that the surface air is
Through a, it is sucked into the inflow portion 21a. Then, this air is supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 through the valve body housing part 21d, the outflow part 21b, and the intake pipe 4a.

When air is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31,
Due to the water block W that seals the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31, the pressure in the portion of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 upstream of the water block W increases, and the degree of vacuum decreases. When the pressure in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 increases due to the open state of the intake port 21e being continued, the air supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 passes through the water block W. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, when the air passes through the water block W, the sewage forming the water block W becomes a gas-liquid two-phase flow together with the air flowing at a high speed and becomes a vacuum sewage pipe 31. It flows toward the downstream side in the interior. As a result, the sewage passes through the upwardly inclined portion 31b in the vacuum drain pipe 31.

As described above, when the sewage retained in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 flows to dissolve the water block W,
The degree of vacuum in the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 increases throughout. When the suction force P acting on the diaphragm 24 of the automatic intake valve 20 becomes larger than the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, the intake port 21e is closed.

Similarly, the vacuum valve unit 10 shown in FIG.
When the water block W is formed in the upwardly inclined portion 31b of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 close to the side and the above state is established, the vacuum sewer pipe 31 in the vacuum valve unit 10 is opened.
The degree of vacuum in the downstream portion 18b of the air introduction pipe 18 connected to the air intake pipe 18 decreases, and the pressure in the outlet 21b of the automatic intake valve 20 and the pressure in the valve housing 21d increase. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when the suction force P acting on the diaphragm 24 becomes smaller than the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, the piston member 23d slides upward due to the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, and The valve body 22 and the guide body 25 integrated with the member 23d also slide upward.
Then, the packing 22b pressed against the valve seat 21f around the intake port 21e communicating the inflow portion 21a and the valve element housing portion 21d is also slid upward. As a result, the intake port 21
e is opened, and the inflow portion 21a is set in the valve body accommodation portion 21d.
Through the outlet 21b.

At this time, the outflow portion 21b is connected to the vacuum drain 3
1, the degree of vacuum is reduced, but the vacuum state is lower than the atmospheric pressure.
Is opened, the air on the ground surface is sucked into the inflow portion 21a via the upstream portion 18a of the air inflow tube 17 and the air introduction tube 18. Then, the air that has flowed into the inflow portion 21a is supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 through the valve body accommodating portion 21d, the outflow portion 21b, the downstream portion 18b of the air introduction pipe 21 and the gate valve 13.

When air is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31,
Due to the water block W that seals the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31, the pressure in the portion of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 upstream of the water block W increases, and the degree of vacuum decreases. When the pressure in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 increases due to the open state of the intake port 21e being continued, the air supplied into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 passes through the water block W. At that time, as shown in FIG. 6, when the air passes through the water block W, the sewage forming the water block W becomes a gas-liquid two-phase flow together with the air flowing at a high speed and becomes a vacuum sewage pipe 31. It flows toward the downstream side in the interior. As a result, the sewage passes through the upwardly inclined portion 31b in the vacuum drain pipe 31.

As described above, when the sewage accumulated in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 flows to dissolve the water block W,
The degree of vacuum in the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 increases throughout. When the suction force P acting on the diaphragm 24 of the intake valve 20 becomes larger than the spring force F of the compression spring 23e, the intake port 21e is closed.

Thereafter, by repeating the same operation, the sewage is converted into a gas-liquid two-phase flow and sequentially transported through the vacuum sewer pipe 31 toward the vacuum station 32, and is transferred to the collecting tank of the vacuum station 32. Collected.

As described above, in the vacuum type sewage system of the present invention, when the vacuum valve 14 is opened and sewage and air are sucked into the vacuum sewage pipe 31, the vacuum valve 14 is closed.
Even after the vacuum valve 14 is closed, the intake valve 20 is opened according to the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 so that required air is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31. Therefore, the gas-liquid two-phase flow close to the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the simultaneous gas-liquid separation and suction method in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to supply an appropriate amount of air corresponding to the degree of vacuum that frequently changes in the vacuum sewer pipe 31.

The degree of vacuum in the vacuum drain 31 when the intake valve 20 opens and closes the intake port 21e can be adjusted by changing the spring force F of the compression spring 23e. That is, when the adjustment bolt 23c is rotated to move the entire adjustment bolt 23c away from the intake port 21e, the compression spring 2
The spring force F of 3e increases, and the suction force P of the diaphragm 24 required to close the intake port 21e, that is, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum drain 31 increases. Conversely, when the entire adjustment bolt 23c is moved in a direction approaching the intake port 21e, the spring force F of the compression spring 23e decreases, and the
The suction force P of the diaphragm 24 required for closing 1e, that is, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum drain 31 is reduced. For example, if the pressure in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 is -4.5 mA
When it is set to q, it is desirable to set the pressure at which the intake port 21e of the intake valve 20 is opened to about -3.0 mAq.

The degree of vacuum for opening the intake port 21e is
If it is set small so that the difference between the vacuum degree in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 and the steady state vacuum becomes large, it may take a long time before the inside of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 returns to the normal vacuum degree after the water block is eliminated. Not so desirable because there is.
However, the automatic intake valve 20 of the vacuum valve unit 10 provided at the upstream end of the long vacuum sewer pipe 31 with a small amount of the upwardly inclined portion 31b is opened even at a low degree of vacuum such that the vacuum valve does not operate. In this case, air is sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 for a relatively long time, and sewage remaining in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 flows slowly.

When the degree of vacuum at which the intake port 21e is opened is set to be large so that the difference from the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 in a steady state is reduced, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 is slightly reduced. , The automatic intake valve 20 is opened. Therefore, as soon as the vacuum valve 14 of the vacuum valve unit 10 is opened and the suction of the sewage from the sewage suction pipe 15 is started, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe 31 decreases, the suction port 21 e of the suction valve 20 is immediately closed. When opened, air will be sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31. As a result, at the beginning of the suction of the sewage, a gas-liquid two-phase flow in which the sewage flows together with the air sucked into the vacuum sewer pipe 31 can be formed. it can.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the vacuum sewage system according to the present invention. The second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that a detour portion 31c is provided so as to straddle a river serving as an obstacle 33 using a bridge portion.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper end stands on the downstream side of the downward inclined portion 31a located on the upstream side of the bypass portion 31c of the vacuum sewer pipe 31 so that the upper end is located on the ground surface. One end of the same automatic intake valve 20 as in FIG. 3 is connected to the upper end of the raised intake pipe 4a. In this case, it is desirable to protect the area around the automatic intake valve 20 with a waterproof member.

In such a state, the sewage is transported as a gas-liquid two-phase flow in the vacuum sewage pipe 31, and a portion of the vacuum sewage pipe 31 slightly downstream of the position where the intake pipe 4a is connected, that is, , Downhill portion 31a and uphill portion 31
When a water block is formed at a bent portion such as a boundary portion with b, the pressure in the vacuum drain 31 upstream of the water block is increased, and the degree of vacuum is reduced.

In this case, as in the above case, the water block shown in FIG. 5 is formed. When the degree of vacuum in the vacuum drain pipe 31 on the side of the downward slope 31a becomes lower than the set pressure of the automatic intake valve 20, the automatic intake valve 2
0 opens to draw air and blow sewage to form a two-phase flow, similar to FIG. After the sewage blows, the water block is melted and the downstream vacuum is transmitted to the upstream,
The degree of vacuum on the upstream side increases, and the automatic intake valve 20 is closed.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are a plan view and an explanatory front view showing a main part of a third embodiment of the vacuum sewage system of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the vacuum valve unit 10 has a large structure of a multi-valve type having three vacuum valves 14, except that the automatic intake valve 20 is arranged on one of the vacuum valves 14. Since the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. In the case of the third embodiment, the three vacuum drains 31 are connected to the sewage tank 11.
And then joins one large-diameter vacuum sewer.

Such a multi-valve vacuum valve unit 10
Is suitable for condominiums and the like in which a large amount of wastewater flows in from a large number of dwellings in a natural flow manner, or where continuous inflow occurs for a long time by pumping from a manhole pump.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a main part of a fourth embodiment of the vacuum sewage system according to the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, compared to the position of the vacuum sewage main pipe 31, the vacuum valve unit 1
0 is considerably low, and a high lift portion 31b is formed between the horizontal connecting pipe 31d through which the contaminated water sent from the vacuum valve unit 10 passes and the main vacuum sewage pipe 31. Then, the vacuum valve unit 10 and the lift unit 31b
The intake pipe 4a is connected to the upper surface of the horizontal connection pipe 31d positioned between the intake pipe 4a and the ground connection pipe 31a.
The upper end of the automatic intake valve 20 shown in FIG.
Are connected to each other.

In the fourth embodiment, the sewage generated in the dwelling 5 is discharged from the inflow pipe 12 through a drainage system 51 such as a drainage muffler in a residential area and a public square 52 to a vacuum valve unit 10.
Flow into When a certain amount of sewage accumulates in the sewage sump 11a, the water level is detected by a water level detection pipe 16. The controller detects this fact and activates a vacuum valve 14. It will be discharged to 31d.

In this case, since the automatic intake valve 20 is disposed on the horizontal connection pipe 31d via the intake pipe 4a, a high lift portion 31b exists between the horizontal connection pipe 31d and the vacuum sewage main pipe 31. Even if it does, since the automatic intake valve 20 inhales until the water block is released, the sewage collected in the sewage pool 11a of the vacuum valve unit 10 can be discharged well.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a fifth embodiment of the vacuum sewage system according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the automatic intake valves 201 and 202 are arranged on both the upstream side of the junction 313 where the vacuum sewer pipes 311 and 312 join.

When the vacuum sewage main pipe 31 joins in a T-shape, as shown in FIG. 11, for example, when sewage flows in by the operation of the vacuum valve unit 10a on the vacuum sewage pipe 311 side, as shown in FIG. At 313, not all of the sewage flows into the vacuum sewage main pipe 31 in the arrow direction X, and a part of the sewage flows back to the arrow direction Y side, that is, to the vacuum sewage pipe 312 side.

[0091] The contaminated water that has flowed back stays in the lift section and the pipe on the vacuum sewer pipe 312 side. If there is not much operation of the vacuum valve in the pipeline on the side of the vacuum sewer pipe 312, this accumulated sewage generates a water block, lowers the degree of vacuum in the downstream portion, and affects the operation of the vacuum valve. Become.

As described above, since the automatic intake valves 201 and 202 are provided in the vicinity of the junction where the wastewater converges, and where the retention of the wastewater is expected to occur, the automatic intake valve 2 is provided.
Even if a water block or a vacuum pressure drop occurs due to the inflow of sewage on the 02 side, the automatic intake valve 2
By the action of 02, the water block generated on the vacuum drain 312 side is released. Conversely, when sewage flows in by the operation of the vacuum valve unit 10b, the water block generated on the vacuum sewer pipe 311 side is released by the automatic intake valve 201 acting in the same manner as described above. You.

[0093]

According to the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, an automatic intake valve is connected to a plurality of vacuum valve units, and the automatic intake valve is closed by a vacuum in a vacuum sewer pipe.
When the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer drops, it is opened and air is supplied into the vacuum sewer, so necessary air is reliably supplied in response to changes in the degree of vacuum of the vacuum sewer. After the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer increases, without performing any special work,
It is possible to quickly return to a constant vacuum level. The vacuum valve unit does not suck excessive air.Effectively sucks air in places where lifts and water blocks are likely to occur, forming a two-phase flow. The running cost can be reduced.

Further, in each vacuum valve unit, excessive intake is prevented from being performed, so that the pressure loss applied to the inflow pipe is reduced, and the sewage trap in the piping in the residential land does not break.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the automatic intake valve is disposed on the upstream side near the upwardly rising lift portion provided in the middle portion of the vacuum sewer pipe, sewage accumulates in this lift portion. The formed water block is eliminated by the operation of the automatic intake valve, and effective conveyance of sewage can be performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the automatic intake valve is disposed at one of the vacuum valves of a multi-valve vacuum valve unit having a plurality of vacuum valves, a large amount of sewage inflows from many houses at once. It is suitable for a large-sized vacuum valve unit such as an expected apartment.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the automatic intake valve is disposed in a horizontal portion of the connecting pipe connecting the vacuum valve unit buried at a low position and the vacuum sewer pipe,
Even if there is a high lift between the horizontal connection pipe and the vacuum sewer pipe, the water block can be eliminated and effective sewage conveyance can be performed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the automatic intake valves are disposed on both the upstream side of the junction where the vacuum sewer pipes join together, even if the water block or the vacuum pressure drops due to the backflow of the sewage, It can be released by the operation of the automatic intake valve.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a first embodiment of a vacuum type sewage system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a vacuum valve unit in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the automatic intake valve in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the operation of the automatic intake valve of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view showing the operation of the automatic intake valve of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a second embodiment of the vacuum sewage system of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view showing a third embodiment of the vacuum sewage system of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory front view corresponding to FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the vacuum sewage system of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a fifth embodiment of the vacuum sewage system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 vacuum valve unit 11 sewage tank 11a sewage pool 12 sewage inflow pipe 14 vacuum valve 15 sewage suction pipe 16 water level detection pipe 17 air inflow pipe 20, 201, 202 automatic intake valve 31, 311, 312 vacuum drain pipe 313 junction 31a down Inclined portion 31b Ascended portion (lift) 31c Detour portion 31d Horizontal connection pipe 32 Vacuum station 4a Intake pipe W Water block

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A sewage pipe having a vacuum inside, a vacuum station having a vacuum pump for generating a vacuum of the vacuum sewage pipe, and sewage flowing from home or the like under natural flow through a sewage pipe into a sewage tank. By storing and storing a vacuum valve disposed in the sewage tank is opened, in a vacuum-type sewage collection system comprising a plurality of vacuum valve units for sending sewage in the sewage tank to the vacuum sewer pipe, An automatic intake valve is connected to at least the plurality of vacuum valve units, and the automatic intake valve is closed by the vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe, and is opened when the degree of vacuum in the vacuum sewer pipe decreases to supply air into the vacuum sewer pipe. A vacuum sewage system characterized in that it is adapted to be operated. 2. The vacuum type sewage collection system according to claim 1, wherein an uplift is provided in an intermediate portion of the vacuum sewer pipe, and an automatic intake valve is arranged upstream near the lift. 3. The vacuum type wastewater collection system according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum valve unit is a multi-valve type having a plurality of vacuum valves, and one of the vacuum valves is provided with an automatic intake valve. 4. A vacuum valve unit is buried at a position considerably lower than a vacuum sewer pipe, and an automatic intake valve is arranged at a horizontal portion of a connecting pipe connecting the vacuum valve unit and the vacuum sewer pipe. The vacuum-type wastewater collection system according to claim 1, wherein: 5. The vacuum-type wastewater collection system according to claim 1, wherein automatic suction valves are arranged on both upstream sides of a junction where the vacuum sewer pipes join with each other.