JP2546235B2 - Practice keyboard - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a practice keyboard device, more specifically, a practice in which the strength of a key depression operation is detected and can be used for an actual performance of a piano or the like. Keyboard device.

(Prior Art) Generally, in keyboard musical instruments such as a piano, it is difficult to master playing techniques. This is because it is difficult for the playing technique to objectively grasp the key pressing operation corresponding to the musical composition, particularly the strength and speed of the key pressing force. Since the strength of the key depression is an important factor that affects the volume of the piano and the like, it is necessary to maintain the strength of the key depression at a constant value corresponding to the musical idea.

Conventionally, there is no device for detecting / measuring the strength / speed of such a key pressing force, and whether or not the strength is appropriate is determined solely by the performer's subjective judgment (audience, etc.). ).

Incidentally, in order to measure the strength of key depression (the strength of finger pressing force) and the like, the performer has conventionally used a normal spring scale or the like.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, according to such a conventional measuring method, the strength and speed of key depression in the actual key depression operation during performance practice are objectively determined, The problem is that it is extremely difficult to obtain. For example, according to the measurement of the key pressing force by the spring measure, it was not possible to accurately determine the strength of each key pressing during the performance in the practice of the performance.

(Means for Solving Problems) Therefore, the present invention detects information related to a key depression operation,
A sensor that outputs a detection signal corresponding to the key pressing force, a data creating unit that creates an evaluation data signal based on the detection signal from the sensor, and outputs the data signal, and a data signal from the data creating unit The above problem is solved by providing a practice keyboard device provided with data providing means for providing information on performance technique based on the above.

(Operation and Effect) In the practice keyboard device according to the present invention, the sensor is
Information regarding a key depression operation is detected, and a detection signal (for example, an electric signal) corresponding to the key depression force is output from this information.
The data creating means creates a data signal for evaluating the key pressing operation based on this detection signal, and outputs this data signal. The data providing means provides information on performance technique based on this data signal. As a result, the player can obtain accurate information such as the strength of key depression with respect to his or her key depression operation in the actual performance. Therefore, it becomes possible to objectively understand the drawbacks and the like of one's own playing technique by comparing it with the model playing, for example. As a result, in the practice keyboard device according to the present invention, it is possible to objectively grasp the strength, speed, etc. of the key depression operation which has been impossible in the past, and it can be useful for performance practice.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described based on drawing.

1 to 5 show an embodiment of a practice keyboard device according to the present invention.

 First, the configuration will be described.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a sensor, that is, a piezoelectric conversion element that converts a pressing force of a key by a finger into a predetermined electric signal. The detection signal from the piezoelectric conversion element 1 is the data creating means 2
And a data signal for evaluation relating to a predetermined key depression operation is created by the data creating means 2. For example, the strength and speed of key depression. Then, these data signals from the data creating means 2 are output to the data providing means 3,
The data providing means 3 provides it as a signal relating to performance technique through means such as display.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the piezoelectric conversion element 1 is attached to a key pressing portion of a keyboard instrument such as a piano. More specifically, the piezoelectric conversion element 1 is a so-called flexible piezoelectric body such as a polymer piezoelectric body or a polymer composite piezoelectric body 11.
Is formed into a thin plate, and a pair of electrode plates 12 and 13 are attached to both upper and lower surfaces thereof (so-called sandwich shape). In addition, this thin plate-shaped piezoelectric conversion element 11 has a key body 14
And the white key portion 15 fitted thereinto, the piezoelectric conversion element 11 is also pressed by the pressing of the white key portion 15 by the finger during the performance, and the pressing force corresponds to the electric signal corresponding to this. Is to be converted to.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 16 denotes a keyboard reed, and 17 denotes a key pin on the keyboard reed 16. Further, lead wires are connected to the pair of electrode plates 12 and 13, respectively. Third
In the figure, 15A indicates a retaining portion of the white key portion 15.

As shown in FIG. 1 again, the data creating means 2 to which the detection signal (electrical signal) is input from the piezoelectric conversion element 1 is
Amplifier 21, waveform shaping circuit 22, peak value detection circuit 23
, Comparator 24 and delay circuit 25, gate circuit 26, A / D
And a conversion circuit 27.

The amplifier 21 amplifies the detection signal from the piezoelectric conversion element 1 and outputs it to the waveform shaping circuit 22. The waveform shaping circuit 22 outputs the shaped signal to both the peak value detection circuit 23 and the comparator 24. The comparator 24 compares the reference voltage (V _ref .) With this signal and outputs a pulse signal to the delay circuit 25. The delay circuit 25 delays the pulse signal by a predetermined time (t _D ) and the gate circuit 26
Output to. The peak signal from the peak value detection circuit 23 is input to the gate circuit 26, and the peak signal is output to the A / D conversion circuit 27 when the pulse signal is input. The A / D conversion circuit 27 converts this signal into a predetermined digital signal and outputs it to the display circuit 28. This digital signal means information relating to a key depression operation in performance practice, that is, an evaluation data signal.

Further, the display circuit 28 is connected to a predetermined display means 29, for example, a liquid crystal display.

Therefore, these display circuit 28 and liquid crystal display 29
Constitutes the data providing means 3 as a whole. The data providing means 3 provides information on performance technique based on the evaluation data signal from the data creating means 2.

The data providing means 3 is not limited to the above display. For example, in addition to this, data generating means 2 based on the MIDA standard can be applied to a musical tone generating device such as an electronic musical instrument.
Can also be connected.

 Next, the operation will be described.

First, the performer performs a piano performance based on the musical ideas of the place. At this time, the strength of the key depression is individually detected by the sensor 1. That is, the piezoelectric conversion element 1 converts the strength of the key depression (the pressure of the finger) into an electric signal having a value according to the strength. Then, the piezoelectric conversion element 1 outputs this detection signal to the data creating means 2.

That is, the electric signal from the sensor is amplified by the amplifier 21 and the waveform thereof is shaped by the waveform shaping circuit 22, as shown in the waveform of FIG. 5A. FIG. 5B shows the output waveform after this shaping. Then this circuit 22
The output signal from is input to the comparator 24 and the peak value detection circuit 23. The comparator 24 uses this signal as a reference voltage (V _ref .)
And outputs a predetermined pulse signal to the delay circuit 25.
The delay circuit 25 outputs a predetermined pulse signal to the gate circuit 26 after a lapse of a constant delay time (t _D ). On the other hand, the peak value of the shaped signal (FIG. 5B) is detected by the peak value detection circuit 23 and is output to the gate circuit 26 as a peak signal. FIG. 5C shows the output waveform of the peak value detection circuit 23. Therefore, in the gate circuit 26, the delay circuit
When the pulse signal is input from 25, this peak signal is A / D
Output to the conversion circuit 27. Further, this A / D conversion circuit 27 converts this signal into a digital signal and outputs it to the display circuit 28. FIG. 5D shows the output waveform of the A / D conversion circuit 27.

In this way, the data creating means 2 creates a data signal for evaluation relating to the key depression operation during performance practice based on the detection signal from the sensor 1, and outputs this data signal to the data providing means 3. For example, it is a numerical representation of the strength of key depression during performance.

Next, the display circuit 28 and the liquid crystal display 29, which constitute the data providing means 3, display information on performance technique based on the digital signal. For example, the key pressing force is digitized.

As a result, those practicing in playing can accurately grasp the strength and weakness of the key depression regarding their own playing technique. Then, the practitioner can use it as a guide when overcoming the drawbacks in the performance practice again. Further, according to the present embodiment, the pressing input to the keyboard action system can be detected at the input unit or in the vicinity thereof. As a result, the accuracy of detecting the pressing force can be improved. Further, according to this embodiment, since the thin plate-shaped piezoelectric conversion element is used to secure the detection portion having a large area, even if the pressing position of the finger at the time of the key pressing operation is variously changed, the pressing input can be reliably detected. can do.

In this embodiment, the data of the key pressing force based on the model performance is input to the computer in advance, the computer samples the data based on the model performance from the start of the key pressing operation, and the storage unit is sequentially stored. Transfer to. Then, after the performance is finished, a signal such as the strength of key depression due to practice may be compared with this sample signal by a computer, the key depression operation may be evaluated, and a message for instruction may be displayed. As a result, it is possible to evaluate not only the individual key depression operations but also the entire performance of the musical composition.

Next, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing another embodiment of the practice keyboard device according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the sensor of this device is attached to a keyboard action system of an upright type piano.

That is, in the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes one of the keys constituting the keyboard, and the key 41 is swingably supported on the keyboard reed 43 via the balance key pin 42. The rear ends of these keys 41 are connected to a hammer 45 via a key action transmission mechanism 44, and this hammer 45 is a fulcrum when a key is pressed.
It rotates around 46 and strikes a string 47 stretched on the piano body. Since the transmission mechanism 44 is basically the same as that used in a normal upright type piano, its detailed description is omitted.

Here, the sensor (piezoelectric conversion element) 51 is arranged between the wippen 52 and the capstan screw 53 to which the pressing force is transmitted. In this case, the sensor is arranged between the back surface of the front end of the key 41 and the front punching cloth 54, or between the upper surface of the rear end of the key 41 and the damper lever 55, or in the vicinity of the pressing force transmission section. You may.

Further, other configurations and operations are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment, and will be omitted. By arranging such a sensor, it is possible to easily detect the strength and the like in the key pressing operation by partially improving the existing piano (by attaching a thin sensor to the abutting portion or the like). .

 FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, as in the above embodiments, the sensor is provided on the practice keyboard without being directly attached to each part of the actual keyboard instrument.

That is, a keyboard having a predetermined arrangement pattern is drawn (printed) on the upper surface of the keyboard plate 61 which is a rectangular plate-like body, and the flexible plate sandwiched between the pair of electrode plates 62 and 63 is formed on the lower surface of the keyboard plate 61. A piezoelectric body (piezoelectric conversion element) 64 is fixed and held.

As a result, an extremely compact and practical keyboard device for practice can be provided. The piezoelectric body may be divided and formed according to the arrangement pattern of the keys on the keyboard.

Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the above-mentioned embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

 FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, a magnet type detection device is used as a sensor instead of the piezoelectric conversion element in each of the above embodiments.
According to this embodiment, the coil 72 is wound around the key pressing portion of the key 71.
This is a coil-like magnet 73
Is provided so that it can be inserted freely. The rod-shaped magnet 73 is fixed to the keyboard reed. As a result, regarding the key pressing operation, since the coil 72 moves at a predetermined speed relative to the magnet 73, the magnitude of the electromotive force generated in the coil 72 due to the disconnection of the magnetic flux is measured to determine the speed of the key pressing. Can be detected.

An optical sensor may be used as the sensor. That is, the speed of the key pressing operation is detected by arranging a pair or a plurality of pairs of the light emitting element and the light receiving element facing each other corresponding to the portion corresponding to the key pressing operation.

Other configurations and actions are substantially the same as those of the above-mentioned respective embodiments, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a practice keyboard apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a sensor mounting portion according to the embodiment, and FIG. The bottom view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the sensor mounting portion, FIG. 5 is the output waveform diagram of the data generating means, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the sensor mounting portion according to another embodiment. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a keyboard portion according to still another embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a sensor mounting portion according to another embodiment. 1 ... Sensor (piezoelectric conversion element), 2 ... Data creating means, 3 ... Data providing means.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sensor that detects information related to a key pressing operation and outputs a detection signal corresponding to the key pressing force, and a data signal for evaluation is created based on the detection signal from the sensor and is output. And a data providing means for providing information on performance technique based on a data signal from the data creating means.