JP2538745Y2 - Transceiver - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission / reception apparatus that shares radio waves and light waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a transmitting / receiving apparatus using both radio waves of a radar or the like and infrared rays radiated from a heating element or the like has been known. Since it can have functions, it can be widely used. Conventionally, as an example of such an apparatus, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 has been proposed. In the figure, 1 is a radio wave detector, 3 is a transmitter, 6 is a separation plate, 7 is a circular parabolic reflector, 10 is a light wave detector, 11
Is a signal processor, 12 is a signal processor, and the radio wave detector 1
As shown in FIG. 4, is composed of a receiving element 2 for receiving radio waves from space and a transmitting element 5 for radiating radio waves to space. By separating the receiving element 2 and the transmitting element 5 in this manner, a duplexer such as a circulator becomes unnecessary, and the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified. Further, a microstrip element is often used for the receiving element 2 and the transmitting element 5, and the radio wave detector 1 can be reduced in size. By arranging a plurality of receiving elements 2 at predetermined intervals as shown in FIG. 4, monopulse reception becomes possible. Further, a monopulse comparator, a mixer, and the like are integrated with the radio wave detector 1 to simplify the apparatus and reduce the reception sensitivity. A method of improving is often used.

Next, the operation will be described. The radar signal generated by the transmitter 3 is sent to the transmitting element 5, and the radio wave radiated therefrom passes through the separating plate 6, is reflected by the circular parabolic reflector 7, and is radiated to space. The reflected radio wave from the target passes through a path reverse to that at the time of transmission, is detected by the receiving element 2, converted into an electric signal, and sent to the signal processor 12. In addition, light waves such as infrared rays radiated from the target are reflected by the circular parabolic reflecting mirror 7, and then further reflected by the separating plate 6,
The light is focused by the light wave detector 10, detected, converted into an electric signal, and sent to the signal processor 11. As an example, the separating plate 6 may be formed by coating a dielectric plate having a thickness of a half-wave having a high radio wave transmittance or an integral multiple thereof with a dielectric multi-layer coating that reflects light waves in a wavelength band to be used. Although it serves as a light wave reflector, it hardly affects the transmission of radio waves, so that a flat or curved plate capable of separating light waves and radio waves can be realized.

[0004]

Since the conventional transmitting / receiving apparatus is configured as described above, the isolation between transmission and reception is poor because the receiving element and the transmitting element are adjacent to each other. It may adversely affect the receiving system. That is, since a high-power signal is input to the receiving system, saturation of the mixer occurs, and reception is not possible until the mixer recovers from saturation to a normal state. For this reason, when used as a pulse radar transceiver which alternately repeats transmission and reception, there is a problem. In order to prevent this, there is a method in which the receiving element and the transmitting element are shared and the transmission and reception are separated by a circulator.For example, a circulator in the millimeter wave band has poor isolation, a narrow operating frequency band, poor temperature characteristics, etc. There is a problem.
Also, when a microstrip element is used as a transmitting element, the power resistance of the element is small, so that the transmission power cannot be sufficiently increased.Instead, an element having a large power resistance such as a horn antenna may be required. The arrangement becomes difficult due to the balance.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide a transmitting / receiving apparatus in which a radio wave receiving element, a transmitting element, and a light wave detector can be separately arranged. And

[0006]

A transmitting and receiving apparatus according to the present invention has a radio wave receiving element and a transmitting element which are separated from each other and arranged at opposing positions, and a light wave detector is provided with a radio wave receiving element and a transmitting element. The reflector is separated from the element, the light wave reflector and the radio wave reflector are separated into a circular paraboloid and a ring paraboloid on a concentric circle, and the paths of the light wave and the radio wave are separated by a separating plate.

[0007]

In the transmitting and receiving apparatus according to the present invention, the radio wave radiated from the transmitting element is reflected by the sub-reflecting mirror, then reflected again by the ring-shaped parabolic reflecting mirror, and radiated to the target in space. . The reflected radio wave from the target is reflected by the circular parabolic reflector and the ring-shaped parabolic reflector, passes through the separating plate, and is focused on the receiving element of the radio wave detector. The light wave radiated from the target is reflected by the circular parabolic reflector, then further reflected by the separation plate, and focused on the light wave detector.

[0008]

[Embodiment 1] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
1, 1 is a radio wave detector, 3 is a transmitter, 4 is a transmitting element, 6 is a separating plate, 7 is a circular parabolic reflector, 8 is a ring-shaped parabolic reflector, 9 is a sub-reflector, Is a light wave detector, 11
Is a signal processor, 12 is a signal processor, and the radio wave detector 1
Has a receiving element 2 as shown in FIG.

Next, the operation will be described. In FIG. 1, a radio wave radiated from a transmitting element 4 is reflected by a sub-reflecting mirror 9 and then reflected again by a ring-shaped parabolic reflecting mirror 8 and radiated into space. The mirror surface shape of the sub-reflecting mirror 9 can be configured as a spheroid or a hyperboloid. In any shape, when viewed in cross section, one of the two focal points of the sub-reflecting mirror 9 is made to coincide with the focal point of the ring-shaped parabolic reflecting mirror 8, and the sub-reflecting mirror 9
If the other focal point and the radiation phase center of the transmitting element 4 are made to coincide with each other, the wavefronts of radio waves radiated from the ring-shaped parabolic reflector 8 into space can be made uniform. Since the transmitting element 4 is separated from the radio wave detector 1, even a physically large element can be easily arranged, and a horn antenna or the like having high power durability can be used. Next, the reflected wave from the target is reflected by the circular parabolic reflector 7, passes through the separating plate 6, is focused on the radio wave detector 1, is converted into an electric signal, and is sent to the signal processor 12. If the radio wave detector 1 is arranged at the focal point of the circular parabolic reflector 7, it operates as a normal parabolic antenna. Since both the radio wave detector 1 and the transmitting element 4 are element antennas having a wide beam width, the power of the transmission wave received by the radio wave detector 1 is sufficiently small, and the isolation between transmission and reception is larger than that of the conventional device. be able to. In addition, light waves such as infrared rays radiated from the target are reflected by the circular parabolic reflector 7 and then also by the separating plate 6, are focused on the light wave detector 10, and are converted into electric signals.
The signal is sent to the signal processor 11.

In the above description, the case where the number of receiving elements is four has been described assuming a monopulse radar, but the number of receiving elements may be one.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention, isolation between transmission and reception can be increased, and a transmission element having high power durability can be easily arranged, so that a transmission / reception apparatus suitable for radar is obtained. Can be

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a transmission / reception device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a radio wave detector according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional transmission / reception device.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional radio wave detector.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Radio wave detector 2 Receiving element 3 Transmitter 4 Transmitting element 6 Separating plate 7 Circular parabolic reflector 8 Ring-shaped parabolic reflector 9 Sub-reflector 10 Light wave detector 11 Signal processor 12 Signal processor

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-115185 (JP, A) JP-A-3-199989 (JP, A) JP-A-3-120488 (JP, A) 79278 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 4-51689 (JP, U) JP 3-78947 (JP, B2)

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A circular parabolic reflector for reflecting radio waves and light waves, a ring-shaped parabolic reflector provided around the circular parabolic reflector for reflecting radio waves, and the circular parabolic reflector. A transmitting element provided on the central axis of the mirror and emitting radio waves,
A sub-reflecting mirror for reflecting the radio wave radiated from the transmitting element to the ring-shaped parabolic reflector; and receiving the radio wave reflected from the circular parabolic reflector provided at a vertex position of the sub-reflecting mirror A radio wave detector with a receiving element for
A lightwave detector provided at or near the apex of the circular parabolic reflector for receiving lightwaves, a signal processor connected to the two detectors, and a transmitter for transmitting radio waves to the transmitting element A separating plate that is provided between the circular parabolic reflector and the transmitting element, transmits radio waves reflected from the circular parabolic reflector, reflects light waves, and focuses the light waves on the light wave detector. A transmission / reception device comprising: