JP2535946Y2 - Harvester - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a harvester such as a general-purpose combine harvester for harvesting rice, wheat, soybeans, etc., and more specifically, after threshing a harvested grain stem. The present invention also relates to a structure of a harvester provided with a culm processing chamber for discharging the culm such as the processed straw to the outside of the machine.

[Conventional technology]

As disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-169940, a general-purpose combine for harvesting rice, wheat, soybeans, etc., was planted in front of a handling room containing a screw-type handling cylinder. A pre-cutting device that cuts and introduces the culm from the root side is installed, a catching net is installed below the handling room, and a sorting mechanism that performs rocking sorting and wind sorting is provided below it, and At the rear of the sorting mechanism, a culm processing chamber with a built-in culm processing device is provided in communication with the culm processing apparatus. The crushed grains and straw waste dropped through the receiving net are subjected to a rocking sorting operation and a wind sorting operation in the sorting mechanism, and waste such as straw waste is sorted by the sorting fan in the sorting mechanism. While being sent to the culm processing chamber, the straw chips fall from the end of the receiving net at the rear of the handling cylinder. And Hai稈, while mixing at Hai稈 processing apparatus of the exhaust culm process chamber, and configured to discharged outside from the exhaust 稈出 port.

Since the culm exit in the culm processing chamber is open below the culm processing apparatus, the wind changes its course largely in the culm processing chamber and moves toward the culm exit direction, and In the culm processing chamber, there are many long culms falling from the end of the handling cylinder, etc., so that the wind from the sorting mechanism is not smoothly guided to the culm exit, and the wind sorting mechanism side The phenomenon that the wind sorting action is weakened due to the backflow, or that the blown-up straw waste is returned to the sorting mechanism side, etc., has occurred, which causes the sorting performance to deteriorate.

In order to solve this inconvenience, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-70740 discloses that a dust exhaust fan is provided above the rear part of the sorting mechanism adjacent to the end of the handling chamber (mouth opening). The dust collected by the dust exhaust fan is joined at the location of the rotating culm processing device in the culm processing chamber, and the culm and the dust are mixed by tapping. It is disclosed that the air is discharged from the exhaust port to the outside while being dispersed in the air.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, this device requires a dust exhaust fan separately, and light dust and exhaust air collide with the exhaust culm falling from above into the culm processing chamber via the dust exhaust fan from below. When merging at the place of the culm processing device, the problem that the light dust and the exhaust air flow back toward the terminal end of the sorting mechanism could not be solved.

The present invention has been made to solve this technical problem.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention includes a sorting mechanism below the handling cylinder for threshing the harvested grain culm, and a continuous culm processing chamber having a built-in culm processing device behind the sorting mechanism. A harvester configured to discharge the culm to the outside from the culm outlet at a lower part of the culm processing chamber, wherein a rear end upper side of the culm processing chamber is located above the culm outlet. In addition, a separate exhaust path for discharging the exhaust air to the outside of the machine is provided separately, and the sorting mechanism includes a sorting fan that sends a sorting wind obliquely upward toward the exhaust path through the waste culm processing chamber. It is provided.

[Actions and effects of the invention]

In this way, the culm processing chamber provided so as to communicate with the rear of the sorting mechanism has a culm exit at a lower portion thereof, and a separate exhaust passage at a rear upper portion of the culm processing chamber above the culm processing chamber. As a result, the wind from the sorting fan in the sorting mechanism can be smoothly exhausted outside the machine without being disturbed by the culm processing device itself in the culm processing chamber or the presence of culm in the culm processing chamber. it can.

Therefore, the wind coming into the culm processing chamber does not return to the sorting mechanism as in the past, so that the wind from the sorting fan flows back to the sorting mechanism side to weaken the wind sorting action, or the straw dust once blown up. Is not returned to the sorting mechanism side, and the remarkable effect that the sorting performance in the sorting mechanism can be improved can be achieved.

〔Example〕

Next, an embodiment applied to a general-purpose combiner will be described. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine mounted on a track frame 3 with a traveling crawler 2, and reference numeral 4 denotes a threshing unit provided on one side of the machine 1. A grain tank for taking out grains through a fryer cylinder; 8 an engine provided at the rear of the grain tank 5; 9 a mowing pre-processing unit mounted at the front of the machine base 3 so as to be able to move up and down via a hydraulic cylinder 10; Reference numeral denotes an operating unit cabin located in front of the grain tank 5, and reference numeral 12 denotes a carry-out auger for taking out grains in the grain tank 5 outside the machine.

The cutting pre-processing unit 9 is opened at the front of the threshing unit 4 and has a square tubular feeder house 13 that can be moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 10.
A horizontally long bucket-shaped platform 14 to be attached to the front end of the feeder house 13, a grain stalk scraping auger 15 which is installed in the platform 14 and rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. And a reel 16 for rotating and driving in the direction of the arrow to scrape the cereal stem, and a clipper-like cutting blade 17 provided laterally at the front end of the lower surface of the platform 14 for cutting the root portion of the planted cereal stem, The cut stalks are
Collected at approximately the center of the left and right sides of the scraping auger 15 in the platform 14, the supply chain conveyor 18 in the feeder house 13
At the threshing unit 4.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a screw-type gripper that is attached to the longitudinal rotation shaft 21 in the handling chamber 20 of the threshing unit 4 in the longitudinal direction of the combine along the traveling direction of the combine. A certain screw blade 22 is wound around the stem, and a stem-cum-scattering plate 23 is erected at the outer peripheral end of the handling cylinder 19.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a dust outlet 24 at the rear end of the handling chamber 20 below the handling cylinder 19.
Reference numeral 25 denotes a sorting mechanism disposed below the handling room 20. The sorting mechanism 25 includes a swinging plate 28 that swings back and forth by swinging links 26 and 27. A feed pan 29 located at a lower front part of the handling cylinder 19, a first chief sheave 30 provided behind the feed pan 29, a sorting net 31 stretched below the feed pan 29, and a rear end of the first chief sheave 30 First
The sieve (sieve) line 33, the second chaff sheave 34 provided at the lower rear part of the first sieve line 33, the second sieve line 35, and the first and second flow grain plates 36 and 37 are swung. Prepared for panel 28.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a dust removal fan that supplies a sorting wind to the upper surface side of the feed pan 29, and reference numeral 39 denotes a dust removing fan that supplies the sorting wind toward the first flour plate 36 and sends the sorting wind toward the culm processing chamber 42 described below. 1 Sorting fan, reference numeral 40 is the first conveyor with the first gutter 41 that receives the grain from the first grain board 36 and sends it out to the fryer cylinder, code
Reference numeral 43 denotes a second sorting fan that supplies the sorting wind toward the second chaff sheave 34 and passes through the sorting wind toward the culm processing chamber 42 described later. The second sorting fan 43 is more than the first sorting fan 39. It is arranged at a position near the culm processing chamber.

Reference numeral 44 denotes a second conveyor with a second gutter 45 for sending a second processed product, which is a reductant such as a grain from the second flow grain plate 37, to a second reduction cylinder 46. The upper end (discharge port)
An opening is provided at a position near the front end of the handling cylinder 19 in the handling chamber 20, or an opening is provided on the feed pan 29 to reduce the second processed material.

A culm processing chamber that communicates with the exhaust port 24 and the rear end of the sorting mechanism 25
The inclined culm plate 47 at the lower end of 42 faces the rear end side of the rocking plate 28, and in the culm processing chamber 42, a rotating diffusion tooth 48, which is a culm processing device, is attached to a horizontal rotating shaft 49, and the arrow The rotating diffusion teeth overlap with the rotation trajectories of the plurality of rotating diffusion teeth 48 driven to rotate in the direction A.
The fixed teeth 50 facing the side 48 are mounted so as to be able to protrude and retract upward from the bottom plate 54 of the culm processing chamber 42.

A plurality of culm guide rods 51 having a proximal end attached to the dust outlet 24
Are suspended so as to overlap with the rotation locus on the side of the rotating diffusion tooth 48, and each culm guide rod 51 is arranged so as to extend downward from above at the front position of the culm processing chamber 24. Set up.

From the culm outlet 52 provided rearward at the lower part of the culm processing chamber 42, the culm extruded by the rotating diffusion teeth 48 is formed in a horizontally long shape so as to be discharged outside the machine, and is located above the culm outlet 52. The first sorting fan 39 is provided above the rear end of the culm processing chamber 42.
And the wind from the second sorting fan 43 behind the machine 1 (arrow B).
(Discharge direction) is provided so as to open.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a handle 57 for rotatably attaching to one of the support shafts 56 at both ends of a support rod 55 for supporting the base of each fixed tooth 50. Is rotated downward, and fitted into the restriction recess 59a of the guide groove 59 formed in the operation guide plate 58, the fixed teeth 50 can be held in a state of falling down from the bottom plate 54, and the culm can be removed. Can be released outside the aircraft in a long state.

Then, the handle 57 is rotated upward so that the guide groove 59
If it is left movably in the longitudinal direction of the
It can be held in a state of protruding upward by force. then,
A long groove 61 drilled in a bracket 60 to be attached to the other support shaft 56
, The tip of the pressing shaft 62 is movably engaged, and a halfway portion of the pressing shaft 62 is slidably fitted on a pivot 63 that is rotatably mounted on the machine base 1 or the side plate 42a of the culm processing chamber 42. Together with the spring
At 64, the pressing shaft 62 is urged in a direction in which the fixed teeth 50 stand upward from the bottom plate 54. As shown by a solid line in FIG. The biasing force of the spring 64 is weak, and the biasing force of the spring 64 increases in the direction indicated by the dashed line as the fixed tooth 50 falls down.

Therefore, the culm is cut in front of the fixed teeth 50 when the rotating diffusion teeth 48 approach, and if the drag at that time is large, the fixed teeth 64 can fall down against the spring 64 force, and the rotation teeth 48 There is no inconvenience of overloading and clogging of the culm.

With the above configuration, the reel 16 in the pre-cutting processing unit 9 is provided.
The culm, which has been squeezed by the cutting blade 17 and sliced by the cutting blade 17, is squeezed by the rake auger 15 in the platform 14 and supplied to the front end of the handling drum 19 via the supply chain conveyor 18 in the feeder house 13. Is done.

Grains are sequentially shed from the grain stalks by the rotation of the handling cylinder 19 in the handling room 20, and the grains and straw chips dropped through the receiving net 32 are sorted out.
At 25, the grains are subjected to the swing sorting action and the wind sorting action of the first sorting fan 39, and only the grains are collected in the first gutter 41, and are collected in the grain tank 5 from the first conveyor 40 via the lifting cylinder.

The processed material with a large amount of straw waste gathers at the second chaff sheave 38, which is the rear part of the sorting mechanism, and moves rearward by the rocking sorting operation, while being subjected to the wind sorting operation by the second sorting fan 43, and The dust is blown off toward the culm processing chamber 42, and together with the blast, the straw chips and dust can be smoothly discharged outside the machine via the exhaust path 53 at the upper rear end of the culm processing chamber 42.

On the other hand, the grain culm discharged from the dust discharge port 24 at the rear end of the handling cylinder 19 is received on the front surface of the culm guide rod 51, falls in the direction of the rotating diffusion tooth 48, is scraped out by the culm processing device 48, and is discharged from the culm exit Since the air is discharged out of the machine from the air outlet 52, the air discharge passage 53 is not clogged with the culm.
In other words, light materials such as straw waste and dust are discharged almost linearly out of the machine through the air discharge passage 53 on the upper side of the culm processing chamber 42 together with the exhaust air. Since the discharge part is separated into two parts so as to correspond to the nature of the material to be discharged, such as from the top to the bottom of the culm processing chamber, the sorting wind does not flow backward in the direction of the sorting mechanism in the culm processing chamber .

Therefore, the amount of straw waste and dust falling on the second flow grain plate 37 is reduced, and the amount of straw waste and dust mixed with the second processed material collected on the second conveyor 44 from the second gutter 45 is reduced as a result. When the material is returned to the front of the handling cylinder 19 via the second reduction cylinder 46, the amount of waste discharged from the dust outlet 24 at the rear end of the handling cylinder 19 is reduced, and the loss of the fourth cutting grain is reduced. Can be done. Further, when the second processed material having a small amount of straw waste and dust is returned to the front feed pan 29 and the first chaff sheave 30 of the rocking plate 28 via the second reduction cylinder 46, the small amount of the first gutter 41 is reduced. The mixing of waste is drastically reduced, and the third loss (loss due to grains discharged outside the machine from the culm outlet 52 at the lower part of the culm processing chamber 42) can be reduced.

In this way, there is no phenomenon that the wind from the sorting fan flows back to the sorting mechanism side to weaken the wind sorting action or return the once-raised straw waste to the sorting mechanism side. This has a remarkable effect that the performance can be improved.

Note that a plurality of culm guide rods 51 may be configured to be detachably attached to the dust outlet 24, and an embodiment in which the culm guide rods 51 are removed is shown in FIG.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a plan view of the combine, FIG. 2 is a side view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an IV of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along a line IV, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-V of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line II, and FIG. 8 is a view of an embodiment in the case where no culm guide bar exists in front of the air discharge passage. 1 ... machine stand, 4 ... threshing section, 9 ... pre-cutting processing section, 13 ...
… Feeder House, 18 …… Supply chain conveyor, 10 ……
Handling cylinder, 20 ... Handling room, 24 ... Dust outlet, 25 ... Sorting mechanism, 28
... rocking board, 30 ... 1st chaff sieve, 32 ... catching net,
34... Second chaff sheave, 36... First flow grain plate, 37... Second flow grain plate, 39... First sorting fan, 43... Second sorting fan, 42. … Second reduction cylinder, 48… Rotary diffusion teeth, 50… Fixed teeth, 52… Excretion exit, 53… Exhaust air passage.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A culm processing chamber having a sorting mechanism provided below a handling drum for threshing a harvested grain culm, and a culm processing apparatus having a built-in culm processing device built in behind the sorting mechanism. In a harvester configured to discharge the culm from the lower culm exit to the outside of the machine, the upper part of the rear end of the culm processing chamber is separately located outside the culm exit at a position above the culm exit. An exhaust path for discharging exhaust air is provided, and the sorting mechanism is provided with a sorting fan that sends a sorting wind obliquely upward toward the exhaust path through the exhaust tube processing chamber. Harvester.