JP2531890B2 - Image holding member, electrophotographic apparatus using the same, apparatus unit and facsimile - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image holding member using a resin having a specific structure, and more particularly to an image holding member having excellent surface lubricity and durability.

The present invention also relates to an electrophotographic apparatus, an apparatus unit and a facsimile having the above image holding member.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art An electrophotographic photosensitive member is one of the typical image holding members. In recent years, as the electrophotographic photoreceptor, one using an organic photoconductive material is excellent in terms of pollution-free property, high productivity, easiness of material design, and future potential, and therefore, a large number have been proposed. Has been put to practical use. As a matter of course, these electrophotographic photoreceptors have
Electrical, mechanical, depending on the electrophotographic process applied
Further, various characteristics such as optical characteristics are required. In particular, for photoreceptors that are repeatedly used, electrical and mechanical external forces such as corona charging, image exposure, toner development, transfer to paper and cleaning treatment are directly applied to the surface of the photoreceptor, which makes it durable against them. Sex is required.

Specifically, deterioration of characteristics due to ozone generated at the time of corona charging, that is, a decrease in sensitivity, a decrease in potential, an increase in residual potential, and abrasion of the surface caused by rubbing of the photosensitive member surface during transfer or cleaning. Durability against scratches and scratches is required.

The surface of the photoreceptor is generally a very thin resin layer, and the characteristics of the resin are one of the very important requirements.
A polycarbonate resin having bisphenol A as a skeleton has been conventionally used as a resin satisfying the above conditions. However, this resin more than fully satisfies all the properties required for a resin for an electrophotographic photoreceptor. It wasn't. For example, bisphenol A-type polycarbonate resin has relatively high crystallinity, and therefore, it easily gels in a solution dissolved in a solvent. When an electrophotographic photosensitive member is prepared using this resin, good electrophotographic characteristics may not be obtained. , Sometimes the productivity was low.

Further, since this resin has low lubricity with respect to an elastic blade which is usually used as a cleaning means, when this resin is used for the surface layer of the photoconductor, the cleaning blade is liable to turn over and a cleaning failure may occur. It was Furthermore, the material to be transferred (for example, paper) during transfer
The resistance to rubbing due to abrasion was relatively high, and the surface was likely to be worn.

As one of means for solving these problems, it is known that various components are introduced into a polycarbonate resin structure to form a copolymer, thereby lowering the crystallinity and improving the liquid storage stability. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-
No. 62039). However, depending on the components to be copolymerized, the electrophotographic properties may be deteriorated, the mechanical properties of the copolymer may be deteriorated, or the coatability may be deteriorated, so that it is not always possible to obtain sufficiently satisfactory properties.

Further, there is known a method of improving the coating property by adding a surfactant having a polydimethylsiloxane resin as a main component, but the residual potential is apt to remarkably increase even with the addition of a very small amount. . In particular, when an organosiloxane derivative having poor compatibility is added, the optical properties of the coating are deteriorated, and there are drawbacks such as deterioration in image quality and durability. Further, as described in JP-A-61-232954, an attempt has been made to improve the above-mentioned characteristics by copolymerizing a polyorganosiloxane block in a polycarbonate resin. In this case, since the polymer itself has lubricity, it is improved in that the change in lubricity due to durability is small. However, depending on the material and the synthesis method, the copolymer obtained may be dissolved when dissolved in a solvent. Since it becomes cloudy or a mixture of the homopolymer of polyorganosiloxane and the homopolymer of the polyhydric phenol used is obtained, stable production is difficult.

Besides, it is known that the above characteristics are improved by using a bisphenol Z type polycarbonate resin, but with the recent demand for higher image quality and higher durability, more excellent characteristics have been obtained. Electrophotographic photoreceptors having the same have been studied.

Similar problems occur in other image holding members, such as an electrostatic recording body and an image holding member for plate making.

[0011]

The object of the present invention is excellent by solving the problems that image holding members using a polycarbonate resin as a surface layer have, and improving the lubricity and wear resistance. Another object of the present invention is to provide an image holding member having improved mechanical characteristics, electrical characteristics, and liquid storage stability, and having excellent image forming characteristics and high productivity.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic apparatus, an apparatus unit and a facsimile having the above image holding member.

[0013]

That is, according to the present invention, in an image holding member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, the surface layer of the image holding member has the following formula [I]:

[0014]

[Outside 8] (In the formula, A is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylidene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl-substituted alkylidene group, an arylenedialkylidene group, or -O-, -S-, -C.
O -, - SO- and -SO ₂ - shows _{a, R 1, R 2, R} 3
And R ₄ represents hydrogen, halogen, or an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ) And the following formula [II]

[0015]

[Outside 9] (In the formula, R ₅ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group, R ₆ and R ₇ represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 200. .) Is a copolymer having a structural unit represented by
Further, the image holding member is characterized in that the constitutional unit represented by the formula [II] contains the copolymer in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the copolymer.

The present invention also provides an electrophotographic apparatus, an apparatus unit and a facsimile using the above image holding member.

The molecular weight of the copolymer used in the present invention is
The viscosity may be in any range as long as the viscosity can obtain a suitable film thickness when the coating film is formed by coating, but from the viewpoint of mechanical properties of the coating film, the viscosity average molecular weight is 10,000.
It is preferably from 100,000, and particularly preferably 20,
It is preferably in the range of 000 to 40,000.

The copolymer used in the present invention has the following formula [III]:

[0019]

[Outside 10] (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same as those described above.) And bisphenol having a structure represented by the following formula [IV]

[0020]

[Outside 11] (In the formula, R _{5 to} R ₇ are the same as the above.), And can be obtained by interfacial polymerization of bisphenol having the structural formula in the presence of phosgene, a carbonic acid ester or a chloroformate.

In the present invention, the constituent unit represented by the formula [II] is 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer. In addition, n represents an integer of 1 to 200, preferably 5 to 100. Examples of R ₅ include ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylene, pentylene and the like, with ethylene, propylene and isopropylene being particularly preferred.

Specific examples of the bisphenol represented by the formula [III] are shown below, but the biphenol used in the present invention is not limited to these.

[0023]

[Outside 12]

[0024]

[Outside 13]

[0025]

[Outside 14]

[0026]

[Outside 15]

[0027]

[Outside 16]

[0028]

[Outside 17]

[0029]

[Outside 18]

[0030]

[Outside 19]

[0031]

[Outside 20]

[0032]

[Outside 21]

[0033]

[Outside 22]

[0034]

[Outside 23]

[0035]

[Outside 24]

[0036]

[Outside 25]

[0037]

[Outside 26]

[0038]

[Outside 27]

[0039]

[Outside 28]

[0040]

[Outside 29]

[0041]

[Outside 30]

[0042]

[Outside 31]

[0043]

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[0044]

[Outside 33]

[0045]

[Outside 34]

[0046]

[Outside 35]

[0047]

[Outside 36]

[0048]

[Outside 37]

Among the above compounds, the exemplified compound N is particularly preferable.
o. 3,8,16,19 and 21 are preferred.

Next, specific examples of the bisphenol represented by the formula (IV) will be shown, but the bisphenol is not limited to these.

[0051]

[Outside 38]

[0052]

[Outside 39]

[0053]

[Outside 40]

[0054]

[Outside 41]

[0055]

[Outside 42]

[0056]

[Outside 43]

[0057]

[Outside 44]

(Synthesis example) 3.8 kg of sodium hydroxide was dissolved in 45 liters of water, and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane (viscosity average molecular weight 2.20 × 10 ⁴ ) 0.2 kg and a polydimethylsiloxane derivative having the following structural formula (X-22-165B,
Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)

[0059]

[Outside 45] 1.5 kg and 8 g of hydrosulfite were dissolved. Add 32 liters of methylene chloride to this and p while stirring.
158 g of -t-butylphenol was added, and then 3.5 kg of phosgene was blown in over 60 minutes.

After the completion of blowing phosgene, the reaction solution was emulsified by vigorous stirring, 8 g of triethylamine was added after emulsification, and stirring was continued for about 1 hour for polymerization.

The polymerization liquid was separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, the organic phase was neutralized with phosphoric acid, and then washing with water was repeated until the pH of the washing liquid became neutral. Then, 35 liters of isopropanol was added to precipitate the polymer. The precipitate was filtered and then dried to give a white powdery copolymer having the following structural formula (where the copolymerization ratio is a weight ratio) (viscosity average molecular weight 2.8 ×).
10 ⁴ ) was obtained. Compositional analysis was obtained by measuring infrared absorption spectra.

[0062]

[Outside 46]

According to the copolymer used in the present invention, a coating having good lubricity can be obtained without deteriorating the electrical and mechanical properties. In addition, the copolymers are highly soluble in very common solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, cyclohexanone, benzene, toluene, xylene, monochlorobenzene or dichloromethane, dichlorobenzene or mixtures thereof, and in solution gels. It also has good characteristics such as electrophotographic characteristics, manufacturing stability, and quality stability, such as no problems such as a decrease in pot life due to aging.

In the present invention, the copolymer used in the present invention may have two or more kinds of copolymerization components having the structure represented by the formula [I], and similarly represented by the formula [II]. You may have 2 or more types of copolymerization components which have a structure.

Further, in the present invention, two or more kinds of the copolymer used in the present invention may be mixed and used, or the copolymer used in the present invention may be mixed and used with another resin. . Such other resins are polyester resins,
Examples thereof include acrylic resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyvinyl carbazole resin, phenoxy resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, polysulfone resin, polyarylate resin and vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer resin. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention, in particular, the electrophotographic photoreceptor will be described in detail below.

The copolymer of the present invention is contained in the surface layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member. The surface layer may be a photosensitive layer or a surface protective layer provided on the photosensitive layer. Good.

Even if the photosensitive layer is a so-called single layer type in which the charge generating substance and the charge transporting substance are contained in the same layer, the charge generating layer containing the charge generating substance and the charge transporting layer containing the charge transporting substance are functionally separated. Also, a so-called laminated type may be used.

The charge generating layer can be obtained by applying and drying a liquid dispersed in a binder resin for the charge generating substance. Examples of the charge generating substance include azo pigments such as Sudan Red and Diane Blue, pyrenequinone and anthanthrone. Examples thereof include quinone pigments, quinocyanines, pigments, perylene pigments, indigo pigments such as indigo and thioindigo, azulenium salt pigments, and phthalocyanine pigments such as copper phthalocyanine. As the binder resin, when the charge generation layer is a surface layer, at least the copolymer of the present invention is used, but when the charge generation layer is not a surface layer, another resin may be used without using the copolymer of the present invention. it can. Such other resins are the same as those described above.

The weight ratio of the charge generating substance to the binder resin is 1: 5 to 5: 1, preferably 1: 2 to 3: 1.
The thickness of the charge generation layer is preferably 5 μm or less, and particularly preferably 0.05 to 2 μm.

Examples of the charge-transporting substance contained in the charge-transporting layer are polycyclic aromatic compounds such as biphenylene, anthracene, pyrene and phenanthrene, nitrogen-containing cyclic compounds such as indole, carbazole, oxadiazole and pyrazoline, hydrazone compounds, Examples thereof include styryl compounds, triarylamine compounds and their derivatives, and mixtures thereof.

Generally, the charge transport material is poor in film-forming property, and therefore it is used by dissolving it in an appropriate binder resin. As such a resin, when the charge transport layer is the surface layer of the photoreceptor, the copolymer of the present invention is used, but when the charge transport layer is not the surface layer, another resin may be used without using the copolymer of the present invention. it can. Such other resins are the same as those described above.

The charge transport layer is formed by dissolving the above charge transport substance and the binder resin in a suitable solvent, and coating and drying the solution. The mixing ratio of the charge transport material and the binder resin is preferably 3: 1 to 1: 3, more preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, by weight.

The thickness of the charge transport layer is 5 to 40 μm,
Particularly, 10 to 30 μm is preferable.

When the photoreceptor is a single layer type, it can be obtained by coating and drying a solution in which the above-mentioned charge generating substance and charge transporting substance are dispersed and dissolved in a binder resin.

As the binder resin, at least the copolymer of the present invention is used when the photosensitive layer is the surface layer, but when it is not the surface layer, another resin is used without using the copolymer of the present invention. Can be used. Such other resins are the same as those described above.

The thickness of the photosensitive layer is preferably 5 to 40 μm, particularly preferably 10 to 30 μm.

Further, in the present invention, a surface protective layer may be provided on the photosensitive layer for the purpose of protecting the photosensitive layer from external mechanical, chemical or electrical adverse effects. This protective layer contains at least the copolymer of the present invention,
Further, other resin may be contained and used. Such other resins are the same as those described above. Further, the surface protective layer may be made of a resin alone, or may be added with the above-mentioned charge transport material or a conductive material such as conductive powder for the purpose of lowering the residual potential. Examples of the conductive powder include metal powder such as aluminum, copper, nickel and silver, scaly metal powder and metal short fiber, conductive metal oxide such as antimony oxide, indium oxide and tin oxide, polypyrrole and polyaniline. Polymer conductive agents such as polymer electrolytes, carbon black, carbon fibers, graphite powders, organic and inorganic electrolytes, or conductive powders whose surfaces are coated with these conductive substances.

The thickness of the protective layer is determined in consideration of electrophotographic characteristics and durability, but is preferably 0.2 μm to 15 μm,
In particular, 0.5 μm to 15 μm is preferable.

In the present invention, an undercoat layer having both a barrier function and an adhesive function may be provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer.

Materials for the undercoat layer include casein, polyvinyl alcohol, nitrocell sauce, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, phenol resin polyamides (nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, copolymer nylon, Alkoxymethylated nylon etc.), polyurethane, gelatin and aluminum oxide. The thickness of the undercoat layer is preferably 0.1 to 10 μm, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 μm.

In the present invention, further, a coating is provided between the support and the subbing layer for compensating for surface defects of the support, and interference fringes which become a problem particularly when image input is laser light are formed. A conductive layer may be provided for the purpose of preventing the generation. This conductive layer can be formed by applying and drying a solution in which conductive powder such as carbon black, metal particles or metal oxide particles is dispersed in a suitable binder resin. The thickness of the conductive layer is preferably 5 to 40 μm, particularly preferably 10 to 30 μm.

The various layers described above can be applied by a coating method such as a dipping method, a spray coating method, a spinner coating method, a bead coating method, a blade coating method or a beam coating method.

As the conductive support used in the present invention, the support itself has conductivity, for example, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, zinc, stainless steel, vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, titanium, nickel, indium, Also, gold, platinum, etc. can be used,
Besides, a plastic having a conductive layer obtained by vacuum deposition of aluminum, aluminum alloy, indium oxide, tin oxide and indium oxide-tin oxide alloy,
Examples thereof include paper and the like, plastics having conductive particles impregnated in the paper, plastics having a support or a conductive polymer, and the like.

The shape of the support may be drum-shaped, sheet-shaped, or belt-shaped, and is preferably the most suitable shape for the electrophotographic apparatus to which it is applied.

The image holding member of the present invention can be applied to general electrophotographic apparatuses such as copying machines, laser printers, LED printers and liquid crystal shutter type printers. It can be widely applied to devices such as light printing, plate making, and facsimile.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic constitutional example of a transfer type electrophotographic apparatus using the image holding member of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a drum type photosensitive member as an image holding member, which is rotationally driven around a shaft 1a in a direction of an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed. The photosensitive member 1 is uniformly charged at its peripheral surface by a charging unit 2 at a predetermined positive or negative potential in the course of its rotation, and then at an exposure unit 3 an optical image exposure L (slit exposure Laser beam operation exposure). As a result, electrostatic latent images corresponding to the exposed image are sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor.

The electrostatic latent image is then toner-developed by the developing means 4, and the toner developed image is rotated by the transfer means 5 between the photoconductor 1 and the transfer means 5 from a paper feeding portion (not shown). The images are sequentially transferred onto the surface of the transfer material P that has been synchronized and fed.

The transfer material P which has received the image transfer is separated from the surface of the photoconductor and is introduced into the image fixing means 8 where it is subjected to the image fixing and printed out as a copy.

After the image transfer, the surface of the photosensitive member 1 is cleaned by the cleaning unit 6 to remove the residual toner after transfer, and is further discharged by the pre-exposure unit 7 to be repeatedly used for image formation.

As the uniform charging means 2 for the photoconductor 1, a corona charging device is generally widely used. In addition, the transfer device 5
Corona transfer means are also widely used. The electrophotographic apparatus is configured by integrally combining a plurality of constituent elements such as the photoconductor, the developing unit, and the cleaning unit described above as an apparatus unit, and the unit is configured to be detachable from the apparatus body. May be. For example, at least one of a charging unit, a developing unit, and a cleaning unit is integrally supported together with a photoconductor to form a unit, which is a detachable single unit in the apparatus body, and a guide unit such as a rail of the apparatus body is used. It may be detachable. At this time, the above device unit may be provided with a charging unit and / or a developing unit.

When the electrophotographic apparatus is used as a copying machine or a printer, the light image exposure L is performed by irradiating the photoconductor with reflected light or transmitted light from the document, or by reading the document with a sensor, and converting it into a signal. In accordance with this signal, the laser beam is scanned, the LED array is driven, or the liquid crystal shutter array is driven to irradiate the photoconductor with light.

When used as a Facsimile printer, the optical image exposure L becomes an exposure for printing the received data. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of this case.

The controller 11 controls the image reading section 10 and the printer 19. The entire controller 11 is CP
It is controlled by U17. The read data from the image reading unit is transmitted to the partner station through the transmission circuit 13. The data received from the partner station is sent to the printer 19 through the receiving circuit 12. Predetermined image data is stored in the image memory. The printer controller 18 is the printer 1
9 is controlled. 14 is a telephone.

The image received from the line 15 (image information from a remote terminal connected via the line) is demodulated by the receiving circuit 12, and then the CPU 17 performs a composite process of the image information and sequentially stores it in the image memory 16. Is stored. Then, when at least one page of image is stored in the memory 16,
The image of that page is recorded. CPU 17 is a memory 1
The image information of one page is read out from 6 and the combined image information of one page is sent to the printer controller 18. The printer controller 18 is the one from the CPU 17.
When the image information of the page is received, the printer 19 is controlled to record the image information of the page.

The CPU 17 is receiving the next page while the printer 19 is recording.

As described above, the image is received and recorded.

[0098]

【Example】

50 parts of conductive titanium oxide powder coated with tin oxide containing 1.10% antimony oxide, phenolic resin 25
Parts, 20 parts of methyl cellosolve, 5 parts of methanol and 0.002 parts of silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane polyoxyalkylene copolymer, average molecular weight 3000) are dispersed for 2 hours in a sand mill device using φ1 mm glass beads to make a conductive coating. Got This was applied onto an aluminum sheet with a wire bar and dried at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a conductive layer having a film thickness of 20 μm.

Then, N-methoxymethylated nylon 5
Parts were dissolved in 95 parts of methanol to obtain an undercoat layer coating material. This coating material was applied onto the conductive layer and dried at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of 0.6 μm. Then
The following structural formula is used as a charge generating substance.

[0100]

[Outside 47] 3 parts of disazo pigment, 2 parts of polyvinylbenzal (80% benzalization rate, weight average molecular weight 11,000) and 35 parts of cyclohexanone were dispersed for 12 hours in a sand mill using φ1 mm glass beads, and then 60 parts of methyl ethyl ketone was added. A dispersion liquid for the charge generation layer was obtained. This dispersion is coated with a wire bar on the above-mentioned undercoat layer,
It was dried at 80 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a charge generation layer having a film thickness of 0.2 μm.

Next, as a charge transporting substance, the following structural formula

[0102]

[Outside 48] 10 parts of styryl compound of the following formula as a binder resin

[0103]

[Outside 49] Structure (copolymerization ratio indicates weight ratio; hereinafter the same)
Copolymer having (viscosity average molecular weight 2.10 × 10 ⁴ )
10 parts dichloromethane 20 parts, monochlorobenzene 4
The solution was dissolved in 0 part of the mixed solvent, and the solution was applied onto the above-mentioned charge generation layer with a wire bar and dried at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes to form a charge transport layer having a film thickness of 18 μm to obtain a photoreceptor.

Ablation tester No. When a rotary Taber abrasion test was conducted using 101 (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Co., Ltd.), it was 100 at a load of 500 g.
Even after rubbing 0 times, no weight loss due to wear was observed, indicating very good wear resistance. Using this photoconductor, the surface resistance tester (HEIDON-14, manufactured by Shinto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) was used to measure the slip resistance against a urethane cleaning blade at a load of 10 g. The output value was 100 mV.

In this case, the smaller the output value on the chart recorder, the smaller the slip resistance, that is, the higher the lubricity. The results are shown in Table 1.

2. The following formula for the binder resin

[0107]

[Outside 50] A copolymer having a structure shown by (viscosity average molecular weight 2.07 ×
A photoreceptor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10 ⁴ ) was used. Table 1 shows the results.

3. The following formula for the binder resin

[0109]

[Outside 51] A copolymer having a structure shown by (a viscosity average molecular weight of 3.
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that (05 × 10 ⁴ ) was used. Table 1 shows the results.

4. The following formula for the binder resin

[0111]

[Outside 52] A copolymer having a structure shown by (viscosity average molecular weight 4.
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that (05 × 10 ⁴ ) was used. Table 1 shows the results.

5. The following formula for the binder resin

[0113]

[Outside 53] A copolymer having a structure represented by (viscosity average molecular weight 2.
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that (03 × 10 ⁴ ) was used. Table 1 shows the results.

6. Instead of the charge generating material used in Example 1, the following formula

[0115]

[Outside 54] The disazo pigment represented by

[0116]

[Outside 55] The hydrazone compound represented by
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in. Table 1 shows the results.

7. The following formula for the binder resin

[0118]

[Outside 56] A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 using the copolymer represented by (viscosity average molecular weight 2.10 × 10 ⁴ ) and evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.

8. The following structural formula is used as a charge generating substance.

[0120]

[Outside 57] An image holding member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above disazo pigment was used. The results are shown in Table 1.

9. The following structural formula is used as a charge generating substance.

[0122]

[Outside 58] An image holding member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above disazo pigment was used. The results are shown in Table 1.

10-14. A photoreceptor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolymer having the structure shown below was used as the binder resin.

(Copolymer for Example 10)

[0125]

[Outside 59] Viscosity average molecular weight 2.30 × 10 ⁴

(Copolymer for Example 11)

[0127]

[Outside 60] Particle size average molecular weight 2.15 × 10 ⁴

(Copolymer for Example 12)

[0129]

[Outside 61] Particle size average molecular weight 3.03 × 10 ⁴

(Copolymer for Example 13)

[0131]

[Outside 62] Particle size average molecular weight 4.01 × 10 ⁴

(Copolymer for Example 14)

[0133]

[Outside 63] The viscosity average molecular weight of 5.23 × 10 ⁴ is shown in Table 1.

15. The following formula for the binder resin

[0135]

[Outside 64] Example 1 except that a copolymer having a structure with a viscosity average molecular weight of 2.89 × 10 ⁴ was used.
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 1) The following formula was used as the binder resin.

[0137]

[Outside 65] Example 1 except that a polymer having a structure represented by a viscosity average molecular weight of 2.50 × 10 ⁴ was used.
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 2) The following formula was used as the binder resin.

[0139]

[Outside 66] Example 1 except that a polymer having a structure represented by a viscosity average molecular weight of 1.92 × 10 ⁴ was used.
A photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0140]

[Table 1]

16. An aluminum drum with a diameter of 80 mm was used as the conductive support, the coating method was the dipping method, and the charge transport material was the following formula.

[0142]

[Outside 67] Example 1 except that the compound having the structure shown in was used.
A photoconductor was prepared in the same manner as in.

This photoconductor is a color copying machine (CL having processes of charging, exposing, developing, transferring and cleaning.
C-500, manufactured by Canon Inc.), the durability of the photoreceptor and image defects due to reversal of the cleaning blade were evaluated by repeatedly displaying images. Even after 1,000 sheets of durability, the photoreceptor surface was completely scratched. No abrasion occurred, and even after 10,000 sheets of durability, filming, cleaning failure, or reversal of the cleaning blade did not occur, and a good quality image could not be obtained.

17. A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16 except that an aluminum drum having a diameter of 30 mm was used and the charge generating substance and the charge transporting substance used in Example 6 were used.

This photoconductor is a laser printer (LBP
When visually evaluated using -SX Canon Inc., there was no reversal of the cleaning blade during the endurance of 5000 sheets, and no image defects due to scratches on the surface of the photoconductor occurred.

18. A photoreceptor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 17, except that the copolymer used in Example 15 was used as the binder resin.

As a result, there was no reversal of the cleaning blade during the endurance of 5000 sheets, and no image defects due to scratches on the surface of the photosensitive member occurred.

(Comparative Example 3) A photoreceptor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 16 except that the resin used in Comparative Example 1 was used as the binder resin.

As a result, the surface of the photoconductor is already scratched by rubbing with the cleaning blade after 1000 sheets have been run, and the cleaning blade is liable to be turned over especially at the beginning of the run. I didn't have it. Further, it was observed that the deterioration of the image quality such that the reproducibility of the small dots deteriorates due to the scratches generated by the rubbing as the durability progresses. The reduction in film thickness due to abrasion after 10000 sheets was 8 μm.

19. A protective layer coating liquid prepared by dissolving 5 parts of the copolymer used in Example 1 in 95 parts of chlorobenzene was spray-coated on the photoreceptor prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3,
It was dried at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a surface protective layer having a thickness of 2.5 μm. When this was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 16, it was 100
Even after 00 sheets, good surface lubricity was obtained, and deterioration of image quality and inversion of the cleaning blade were not observed.

20. A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that 2 parts of fine powder of tin oxide, 10 parts of the copolymer used in Example 1 and 100 parts of monochlorobenzene were used as the coating liquid for the protective layer. Was prepared and evaluated, the photoreceptor had good surface lubricity even after running 10,000 sheets, and deterioration of image quality and reversal of the cleaning blade were not observed.

21. As a coating liquid for the protective layer, a charge-transporting substance represented by the following structural formula

[0153]

[Outside 68] And Example 1 except that a coating composition comprising 10 parts of the copolymer used in Example 1 and 100 parts of monochlorobenzene was used.
When a photoconductor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in No. 9, the photoconductor had good surface lubricity even after running 10,000 sheets, and deterioration of image quality, reversal of the cleaning blade, etc. were observed. Was not done.

[0154]

As described above, according to the present invention, an image holding member having sufficient mechanical strength and lubricity and having good electrophotographic characteristics is provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration example of an electrophotographic apparatus having an image holding member of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a block diagram of a facsimile having an image holding member of the present invention.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Noriko Otani 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Sakai 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Incorporated (72) Inventor Satoshi Kanayama 1-5-13 Inagawa Takamaru, Takarazuka-shi, Hyogo (72) Inventor Noriyoshi Ogawa 3-10-1 Sanwa-cho, Toyonaka-shi, Osaka (56) Reference JP-A-61 -132954 (JP, A) JP-A-3-185451 (JP, A)

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. An image holding member having a resin layer on a conductive support, wherein the surface layer of the image holding member has the following formula [I] (In the formula, A is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylidene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl-substituted alkylidene group, an arylenedialkylidene group, or -O-, -S-, -C.
O -, - SO- and -SO ₂ - shows _{a, R 1, R 2, R} 3
And R ₄ represents hydrogen, halogen, or an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ) And the following formula [II] (In the formula, R ₅ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group, R ₆ and R ₇ represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 200. .) Is a copolymer having a structural unit represented by
An image holding member, wherein the constitutional unit represented by the formula [II] contains the copolymer in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the copolymer. 2. The structural unit represented by the above formula [I] is represented by the following formula: The image holding member according to claim 1, wherein 3. A structural unit represented by the above formula [I] is represented by the following formula: The image holding member according to claim 1, wherein 4. The structural unit represented by the above formula [I] is represented by the following formula: The image holding member according to claim 1, wherein 5. The structural unit represented by the above formula [I] is represented by the following formula: The image holding member according to claim 1, wherein 6. The structural unit represented by the above formula [I] is represented by the following formula: The image holding member according to claim 1, wherein 7. An electrophotographic apparatus having an image holding member, electrostatic latent image forming means, means for developing the formed electrostatic latent image, and means for transferring the developed image to a transfer material, wherein the image holding member is claimed. An electrophotographic apparatus, which is the image holding member according to item 1. 8. An apparatus unit having an image holding member, a charging unit, a developing unit and a cleaning unit, wherein the image holding member is the image holding member according to claim 1, wherein the image holding member, the charging unit and the developing unit. An apparatus unit, which integrally supports a cleaning means and is removable from the apparatus body. 9. A facsimile having an electrophotographic apparatus and a means for receiving image information from a remote terminal, wherein the electrophotographic apparatus has the image holding member according to claim 1.