JP2524908B2 - Eccentric suspension suspension system and device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a suspension system (method) and an apparatus constructed by using an eccentric holder, and a braking device and a speed detector used in this apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Deformation of a tire on a running wheel,
Impact and vibration in the front-rear direction occur due to small irregularities on the road surface and differences in the angular velocities of the front and rear wheels. This longitudinal force is
The influence increases as the road surface improves and the vehicle speed increases. This was reported by the present inventor at the 1975 Spring Scientific Lecture Meeting of the Automotive Engineering Society.

However, the suspension systems heretofore have not had sufficient performance against such shock and vibration in the front-rear direction due to the increase in speed. Therefore, the present inventor has proposed a suspension device (for example, Japanese Patent Nos. 772,213 and 805,794) having an eccentric holding body in which a circular motion in the front-back direction is incorporated in a wheel.

[0004]

A suspension system constructed by using an eccentric holder has a very great effect in terms of cushioning shock and vibration in the front-rear direction. In this regard, 15
The present inventor gave a lecture at a nonlinear symposium held at the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1976, a year ago. However, after that, the disadvantage that the vertical input becomes larger than the conventional suspension system,
This is a major obstacle to practical application. This will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a model diagram of an eccentric holding suspension system that I have proposed so far. The eccentric holding member is a crankshaft 1.
Is the case. The wheel is rotatably supported by the shaft above the crankshaft, and the other lower shaft is rotatably supported by the housing 2a on the vehicle body side. In this case, on a flat road, the load point A of the vehicle body 2 is vertically below the wheel center B. With this crankshaft, the vehicle body can perform a circular movement in the front-rear direction having a radius of the eccentricity of the crankshaft.

Therefore, when the wheel 3 collides with the road surface projection 4, the lower point A of the crankshaft moves upward while moving forward, as shown in the left figure. That the movement back and forth, can be alleviated shock and vibration in the longitudinal direction. However, when viewed in the vertical direction, the wheel rides on the road surface protrusion and moves upward, and the load point A also moves upward, so that there is a problem in that the thrust to the vehicle body is rather increased. Conventionally, this vertical input has been absorbed by the spring / damper of the vertical suspension device 5.

It is an object of the present invention to obtain an eccentricity holding type suspension method and apparatus which can eliminate such drawbacks and reduce shock and vibration in the front-rear direction and further reduce vertical input. Furthermore, it is an object to provide a braking device and a speed detector adapted to this device.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the eccentricity holding type suspension method of the present invention uses a shaft below the crankshaft 1 as an axle as shown in FIG. In addition, the other shaft is supported by the rubber bush and the housing on the vehicle body side so that the other shaft is vertically above the axle. With this rubber bush, the load point A of the vehicle body was lifted vertically above the wheel center B as shown in FIG. Comparing FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 reveals that line AA is upside down with respect to line BB.

In the new suspension method shown in FIG. 2, when the wheel 3 collides with the road surface protrusion 4, the load point A of the vehicle body 2 moves forward while moving forward as shown in the left figure. At this time, the wheels move by springs so as to escape backward, so that shocks and vibrations from the front can be absorbed. Further, the wheel rides on the road surface protrusion and moves upward, but the load point A of the vehicle body goes down, so that the thrust of the road surface protrusion on the vehicle body becomes small. In this way, both vertical and longitudinal inputs applied to the vehicle body are reduced. As a result, the performance of the suspension system constructed by using the eccentric holding body is remarkably improved. We can understand this new discovery as follows.

FIG. 3 is a model diagram showing the operating principle of the suspension system. That is, when the wheel 3 collides with the road surface projection 4, the wheel escapes upward as shown by the arrow, and the influence of the road surface projection is hardly transmitted to the vehicle body. However, since the spring 6 contracts, vertical vibration occurs. Since this vibration energy is a part of the kinetic energy of the vehicle body, it results in energy loss.

FIG. 4 shows the eccentricity holding type suspension method proposed this time, which is obtained by removing the upper and lower springs and dampers from the structure of FIG. In this case, when the wheel 3 collides with the road surface projection 4, the crankshaft 1 causes the wheel to move upward as shown by the arrow while being delayed with respect to the vehicle body 2. At this time, the rubber bush fitted on the shaft above the crankshaft is twisted, and a part of the kinetic energy of the vehicle body is stored as elastic energy. However, this elastic energy is used to pull back the delayed wheel to the front, so that it does not cause energy loss of the vehicle body.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows a suspension method of the eccentric holder type which has been proposed so far, and the upper and lower springs and dampers are removed from the structure of FIG. 1 at this time as well. In this case, even if the wheel 3 rides on the road surface projection 4, it cannot be said that only the wheel will go up. Moreover, if the eccentric holder 1 moves upward as indicated by the arrow due to front-back input, the locus of the center of the vehicle body 2 becomes larger than the road surface projection. It will be appreciated that the present invention overcomes these drawbacks.

The effect of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is particularly useful in a bicycle, to which the application of a suspension device has heretofore been unsuitable. The reason is as follows.
Bicycles, unlike other vehicles, generate vertical vibrations because humans apply force to the bicycle. When a conventional suspension device is mounted, the vehicle body vibrates up and down due to the rubbing force even when traveling on a road with flat wheels, which rather deteriorates the riding comfort. In addition, this vibration deprives the occupant of energy.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, while traveling on a flat road, the vehicle body does not vibrate no matter how hard the occupant moves his or her body up and down to depress the pedal. Because the wheel rotates smoothly on a flat road, the value of the longitudinal force is small and the crankshaft 1 does not move. However, when the wheel hits the unevenness of the road surface, both longitudinal force and vertical force are generated, so that the crankshaft 1 operates as shown in FIG. 4 and vertical movement of the vehicle body is suppressed.

By the way, it has been clarified in my previous studies that this longitudinal force becomes larger as the radius of the wheel becomes smaller, the tire becomes thicker and the deformation thereof becomes larger, and the rotational speed of the wheel becomes larger. . Further, the larger the unevenness of the road surface, the more the running resistance increases, so the longitudinal force also increases.

As shown in FIG. 6, the basic structure of the eccentric holder may be a crankshaft type or an eccentric cylinder type. The two both have two parallel axes OO and PP. In an eccentric cylinder, the axis of the cylinder is O-O. FIG. 7 shows the basic configuration of an eccentric holding suspension system using these. In the figure, a conventional vertical vibration system is represented by a spring 6, and a case is shown in which this is combined with a longitudinal vibration system using an eccentric holder.

(I) rotatably supports the wheel 3 at the center of the crankshaft 1, and both ends of the wheel 3 are connected to the housing 2a on the vehicle body side.
And, it is supported through a torsion type rubber bush. (II) rotatably supports the wheel 3 on the outer circumference of the eccentric cylinder 1c, and the axle 1a that is eccentric to the wheel is supported at its both ends via a housing 2a on the vehicle body side and a torsion type rubber bush. . In (III), both ends of the axle 1a are fitted into the eccentric holes of the eccentric cylinder 1c, and the outer circumference of the eccentric cylinder is provided with a housing 2 on the vehicle body side through a torsion type rubber bush.
It is supported by a.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment based on the above consideration. 8 and 9
Shows a structure in which the front wheel is supported by a crankshaft type eccentric holder in an embodiment applied to a bicycle. FIG. 8 is a sectional front view, in which the hub 3a of the front wheel is supported via the ball bearing 7 with one shaft 1a of the crankshaft as the axle. The shaft constitutes a crank shaft by inserting eccentric holding shafts 1b at both ends thereof. A torsion type rubber bush 8 is fitted on the eccentricity holding shaft by providing a rotation stopper such as a key. Then, the outer circumference of the rubber bush is fitted into the housing 2a provided at the tip of the front wheel fork 2b forming a part of the vehicle body also in this case using a detent such as a key.

The keys provided inside and outside the rubber bush are
The rubber bush has the function of causing torsion. The torsion spring force of the rubber bush supports the horizontal portion of the eccentric holding shaft 1b above the shaft 1a in the vertical direction.

An example of the structure of the assembly type crankshaft shown in FIG. 8 is shown in FIG. One end of the shaft 1a is a flange 13 and a key groove 14 is cut. Although a screw 15 is cut at the other end, a key groove 16 is also provided here. Then, the key 1 is attached to the left and right eccentric holding shafts 1b.
7 is press-fitted. The key and the key groove here play a role of keeping the two eccentric holding shafts 1b in parallel.

In this example, a drum brake is used as the wheel braking device. 8 and 9,
A well-known drum brake device including a brake wire 9, a brake lever 10, a brake shoe, a brake panel 11, and the like is supported by pivotably fitting the brake panel on the shaft 1a. Here, when the brake wire 9 is pulled, the brake lever 10 moves and a braking force acts on the wheels, but as a reaction thereof, a braking torque is applied to the brake panel 11. In order to prevent the brake panel from rotating due to this braking torque, the eccentric holding shaft 1
The link 12 having an axial distance equal to the eccentric amount of b connects the brake panel and the front wheel fork 2b, which is a member on the vehicle body side.
Tie. Further, if the eccentricity holding shaft 1b and the link 12 constitute a parallel link, the brake panel can only make a forward and backward circular movement during braking and can prevent its rotation.

FIG. 11 is a sectional front view when applied to a motorcycle. In the figure, the hub 3a of the front wheel is the shaft 1a.
It is rotatably supported by a ball bearing 19a, and both ends of the eccentric holding shaft 1b are attached to the telescopic fork 2c.
It is fitted into a housing 2a provided at the tip of the via a torsion type rubber bush 8 and a ball bearing 19b. This ball bearing is used to increase the rigidity of the fork. A compression spring and damper unit 2 is provided between the caliper support 23 and the telescopic fork.
0 is provided in order to change the natural frequency of the eccentric holder and to give a large damping force required depending on the application. When designing, rubber bush 8
Instead, the spring / damper unit 20 alone may be used.
Further, the telescopic fork is used as a vertical suspension device.

As the brake, a disc brake is used. In this case, a known disc brake device including a pad, a piston, a cylinder, a caliper 22, a caliper support 23, and the like, of which the caliper support is the shaft 1
It is supported by being inserted into a so that it can swing. In order to prevent the caliper support from rotating due to the braking torque, the caliper support is connected to the telescopic fork 2c by the link 12 like the brake panel 11. The crankshaft and this link form a parallel link.

The speed detector 25 is built in the caliper support 23 in this example. Therefore, this caliper support also serves as the speed detector housing. Of course, the speed detector housing may be provided separately and separately. In this case, this housing is supported in the same way as the brake panel 11 and the caliper support 23.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment applied to an automobile, in which the vertical suspension system is called a strut type. The strut 5a, which is a combination of the shock absorber and the coil spring, corresponds to the vehicle body side member in this case. A housing 2a is provided at the lower end thereof, and an eccentric holding body 1c is fitted therein through a torsion type rubber bush 8. The eccentric retaining body, it is fixed in eccentric disc having <br/> wheel axis position parallel to the axis of the outer peripheral surface.

FIG. 13 shows an embodiment applied to the driving wheels of an automobile. The vertical suspension device is of a type called a trailing link type. The drive wheel 3b is coupled to the drive shaft 1d, and the right end of the drive shaft is connected to the rotary shaft of the engine via a universal joint. Further, this drive shaft is fitted into the eccentric hole 1f of the eccentric cylinder type eccentric holder 1e through ball bearings 26 and 27 as shown in the figure. The outer circumference of the eccentric holding body 1e is fitted to the trailing link 28 via the rubber bush 8 of the torsion type. Here, this trailing link corresponds to a member on the vehicle body side. 29 is
The meat is removed to reduce the weight. This trailing link is connected to the body frame by means of a spring / damper unit 5.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment applied to a bogie truck of a railway. The eccentric cylinder type eccentric retainer 1e is fitted into the axle box 31 attached to the spring seat 30 via the torsion type rubber bush 8, and the axle 33 is rotatable through the rolling bearing 32 in the eccentric hole of this eccentric retainer. It is embedded in. The spring seat 30 is connected to the bogie carriage frame 34 by using the spring / damper 5 of the vertical vibration system. In this case, this spring seat corresponds to a member on the vehicle body side.

The embodiment of the present invention is, in addition to the above,
There are aircraft landing gears, etc., in which case the structure can be applied to the design of automobiles and motorbikes. Further, the structure of a bicycle can be applied to a trolley for carrying luggage.

[0029]

As described above, in the conventional eccentricity holding type suspension device, the vertical input is increased even if the front / rear input is decreased.
However, in the suspension method of the present invention, the wheel can be moved upward by using an elastic material such as a rubber bush. As a result, both front and back and up and down inputs are reduced, and the drawback that vibrations tend to remain is eliminated.

From an energy point of view, the vibration generated by the suspension during traveling on a rough road causes a loss of traveling energy. However, in the present invention, the elastic energy accumulated by the wheel escaping backward is returned as the rotational energy of the wheel when returning to the front. In this way,
The common sense that vibrations in suspension systems rob running energy has been overcome by the present invention. Furthermore, the property of not working without front-to-back input is compatible with bicycle suspensions that were previously unsuitable.

[0031] In embodiments of the present invention, the eccentric retainer of the crankshaft types of bicycle and motorcycle, an eccentric cylindrical type are applied respectively to the vehicles and trains. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and any type may be selected according to usage conditions. Also, the braking device is not limited to the embodiment described in the specification, and either a drum brake or a disc brake may be used. You can also use caliper brakes on your bicycle .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a model diagram of a conventional method.

FIG. 2 is a model diagram showing the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a model diagram of a conventional method.

FIG. 4 is a model diagram showing the method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a model diagram of a conventional method.

FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view of an eccentric holder.

FIG. 7 is a model diagram showing the method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional view of an eccentric holder.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Eccentric Holder 1a Axle 1b Eccentric Holding Shaft 1c, 1e Eccentric Cylinder 2 Vehicle Body 2a Vehicle Body Side Housing 2b Front Wheel Fork 2c Telescopic Fork 3 Wheel 3a Wheel Hub 3b Tire 5 Spring / Damper 8 Rubber Bushing 11 Brake Panel 12 Link 20 Unit of compression spring and damper 21 Disk 22 Caliper 23 Caliper support 25 Speed detector 30 Spring seat

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. An eccentric holding body having two parallel axes is used as an axle, a wheel is rotatably supported around the axle, and the other axis is vertically above the axle. In addition, by supporting it with a spring / damper such as a rubber bush and a housing on the vehicle body side, it is possible to rotate the wheel around its axis and to make a circular movement in the front-rear direction with the radius between the two parallel axes of the eccentric holder. Eccentricity holding suspension system . 2. An eccentric holding body having two parallel axes is used as an axle, a wheel is fitted into the axle via a rolling bearing, and a torsion spring such as a rubber bush is attached to the other axis. An eccentric suspension type suspension in which the other shaft is positioned vertically above the axle by fitting a member on the vehicle body side through the above or by providing a spring / damper between the axle and the member on the vehicle body side. apparatus. 3. The eccentric holding suspension according to claim 2, wherein a crankshaft having two parallel shafts is used as the eccentric holding body.
Rack device. As wherein the eccentric retainer, 請 using eccentric cylinder having an eccentric hole around the axis parallel to the axis of the outer peripheral surface
The eccentric holding suspension device according to claim 2. 5. The eccentric disc according to claim 2, wherein an eccentric disc having an axis parallel to the axis of the outer peripheral surface is used as the eccentric holder.
Handheld suspension system. 6. The eccentric holding suspension according to claim 2 , wherein a known vertical suspension device is interposed between a member on the vehicle body side and the vehicle body.
Rack device. 7. An axle portion of the eccentric holding member supports a known braking device so that the braking device can swing, and a brake panel or a caliper support member of the device is provided between two axes parallel to the parallel shafts of the eccentric holding member. one of the distance attached with the body side member in links with, the eccentric retainer claim 2 which is adapted the link constitutes a parallel link to claim 6
The eccentric holding suspension system according to. 8. A link for supporting a known speed detector on the axle portion of the eccentric holder so that the speed detector can be swung, and having an axial distance equal to two parallel axes of the eccentric holder. 3. The structure according to claim 2 , wherein the eccentric holding body and this link are connected to each other on the vehicle body side by means of a parallel link.
The eccentric holding suspension according to claim 7.
Place.