JP2516148B2 - Plastic forming method for members with holes - Google Patents
Plastic forming method for members with holesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2516148B2 JP2516148B2 JP4201436A JP20143692A JP2516148B2 JP 2516148 B2 JP2516148 B2 JP 2516148B2 JP 4201436 A JP4201436 A JP 4201436A JP 20143692 A JP20143692 A JP 20143692A JP 2516148 B2 JP2516148 B2 JP 2516148B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- mandrel
- die
- punch
- diameter portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
- B21K1/305—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth helical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、中央に貫通孔の形成さ
れる穴付部材を、塑性加工により得る時に、外周に発生
する欠肉等の欠陥をなくすことができる穴付部材の塑性
加工方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic working of a perforated member capable of eliminating defects such as a cutout generated on the outer circumference when a perforated member having a through hole formed in the center thereof is obtained by plastic working. Regarding the method.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、外周形状が軸長方向に変化しな
い、円柱,角柱,平歯車等の同一断面形状の部材の両端
面を平坦に塑性加工する方法としては、例えば、図26
に示すようなものが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of flattening both end faces of a member having the same sectional shape such as a cylinder, a prism, and a spur gear whose outer peripheral shape does not change in the axial direction, as shown in FIG.
The following are known.
【0003】すなわち、この方法では、ダイ1には、図
27に示す平歯車からなる同一断面形状部材3に対応す
る形状のダイ孔5が形成されており、ダイ1のダイ孔5
内に、同一断面形状部材3の内接円より小さい素材7を
投入した後、ダイ孔5の一側および他側に嵌合するパン
チ9およびカウンターパンチ11により、素材7を圧縮
成形して、ダイ孔5内に素材7を充満させることによ
り、図27に示したような同一断面形状部材3が形成さ
れる。That is, in this method, the die 1 is formed with a die hole 5 having a shape corresponding to the member 3 having the same cross section and formed of a spur gear shown in FIG.
After the raw material 7 smaller than the inscribed circle of the member 3 having the same cross-section is put therein, the raw material 7 is compression-molded by the punch 9 and the counter punch 11 fitted to one side and the other side of the die hole 5, By filling the die hole 5 with the material 7, the member 3 having the same cross-section as shown in FIG. 27 is formed.
【0004】しかしながら、このような同一断面形状部
材の塑性加工方法では、パンチ9とカウンターパンチ1
1により素材7を圧縮成形すると、材料は、素材7に最
も近い点から、最も遠い点に向かって、すなわち、図2
7の平歯車では、歯底部13から歯先部15に向けて順
次充満されていくため、歯先部15には、材料が到達し
にくく、図26に示したように、成形された同一断面形
状部材3の外周の両端部に欠肉部17が発生するという
問題があった。However, in such a plastic working method for a member having the same sectional shape, the punch 9 and the counter punch 1 are used.
When the material 7 is compression molded by 1, the material is moved from the point closest to the material 7 to the farthest point, that is, as shown in FIG.
In the spur gear of No. 7, since the tooth bottom portion 13 is sequentially filled toward the tooth tip portion 15, it is difficult for the material to reach the tooth tip portion 15, and as shown in FIG. There has been a problem that the thin portion 17 is generated at both ends of the outer periphery of the shaped member 3.
【0005】なお、この欠肉部17を少なくするため
に、素材7に高い応力を作用させると、ダイ1への応力
が増大し、ダイ1が破損する虞れがあり、また、製品を
取り出した時にスプリングバックにより部分的なバラツ
キが大きくなり、金型の精度を製品の精度に確実に転写
することが困難になる。If a high stress is applied to the raw material 7 in order to reduce the thickness lacking portion 17, the stress on the die 1 may increase and the die 1 may be damaged. The spring back causes a large local variation when it is opened, making it difficult to reliably transfer the accuracy of the mold to the accuracy of the product.
【0006】また、この方法では、パンチ9とダイ1と
を嵌合する必要があるため、その嵌合部分19に縦バリ
が発生するという問題があった。さらに、この方法で
は、はすば歯車のように、歯形成形部が捩じれた溝状を
しているものを成形しようとすると、パンチを回転しな
がらダイに嵌合する必要があるため、嵌合が極めて困難
になるという問題があった。Further, in this method, since it is necessary to fit the punch 9 and the die 1, there is a problem that vertical burrs are generated in the fitting portion 19. Furthermore, in this method, when trying to form a helical grooved tooth formation, such as a helical gear, it is necessary to fit the die while rotating the punch. There was a problem that it became extremely difficult.
【0007】そして、上述した問題は、図28に示すよ
うに、素材7の中央部にマンドレル21を挿入して、中
空状の穴付部材23を成形する時にも同様に生ずる。そ
こで、このような穴付部材23を塑性加工する方法とし
て、図29に示すように、ダイ部1Aおよびコンテナ部
25を、付勢部材27によりパンチ9A側に付勢し、ダ
イ部1Aおよびコンテナ部25に投入された素材7を、
ダイ部1Aの上面に密着するパンチ9Aにより、ダイ部
1Aとともに、カウンターパンチ29側に押し込み、素
材7をパンチ9Aとカウンターパンチ29とにより圧縮
する穴付部材の塑性加工方法が考えられている。The above-mentioned problem also occurs when the mandrel 21 is inserted in the central portion of the material 7 to form the hollow holed member 23, as shown in FIG. Therefore, as a method of plastically processing such a holed member 23, as shown in FIG. 29, the die portion 1A and the container portion 25 are urged toward the punch 9A side by the urging member 27, and the die portion 1A and the container portion 25 are urged. The material 7 put in the part 25 is
A plastic working method of a perforated member is considered in which the punch 9A that is in close contact with the upper surface of the die portion 1A pushes the material 7 together with the die portion 1A toward the counter punch 29 and compresses the material 7 by the punch 9A and the counter punch 29.
【0008】この方法では、パンチ9Aとダイ部1Aと
を嵌合させる必要がないため、嵌合部分に縦バリが発生
することがなくなり、また、はすば歯車のように歯形成
形部が捩じれた溝状をしているものをも比較的容易に成
形することが可能になる。In this method, since it is not necessary to fit the punch 9A and the die portion 1A, vertical burrs do not occur in the fitted portion, and the tooth forming profile is twisted like a helical gear. It becomes possible to form a grooved material relatively easily.
【0009】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな穴付部材の塑性加工方法では、図29に示したよう
に、成形された穴付部材23の外周の両端部に欠肉部1
7が依然として発生するという問題がある。However, in such a plastic working method for a holed member, as shown in FIG. 29, the recessed portion 1 is formed at both ends of the outer periphery of the formed holed member 23.
There is a problem that 7 still occurs.
【0010】そして、この欠肉部17を小さくするため
に、素材7に高い応力を作用させると、ダイ部1Aへの
応力が増大し、ダイ部1Aが破損する虞れがあり、ま
た、製品を取り出した時にスプリングバックにより部分
的なバラツキが大きくなり、金型の精度を製品の精度に
確実に転写することが困難になるという問題が発生す
る。If a high stress is applied to the material 7 in order to reduce the thickness of the deficient portion 17, the stress on the die portion 1A increases, and the die portion 1A may be damaged. When the product is taken out, the spring back causes a large local variation, which causes a problem that it becomes difficult to reliably transfer the accuracy of the mold to the accuracy of the product.
【0011】本発明は、上記のような問題を解決したも
ので、欠肉等の欠陥の発生を確実に防止することができ
る穴付部材の塑性加工方法を提供することを目的とす
る。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a plastic working method for a perforated member capable of reliably preventing the occurrence of defects such as undercuts.
【0012】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の第1の穴付部材
の塑性加工方法は、得ようとする穴付部材に対応する形
状のダイ孔の形成されるダイ部とこのダイ部に連続する
コンテナ部とを有し、パンチ側に付勢されるダイ部材内
に素材を投入するとともに、素材の中央に形成される貫
通孔にマンドレルの大径部を挿入した後、前記コンテナ
部に嵌合するカウンターパンチと、前記ダイ部材のダイ
部端面をカウンターパンチ側に押圧するパンチとによ
り、素材を圧縮成形して、前記ダイ孔と前記マンドレル
の大径部との間に素材を充満させ中間素材を得る荒加工
工程と、この荒加工工程の後、前記中間素材に前記パン
チとカウンターパンチとにより圧縮応力を作用させなが
ら、前記中間素材の貫通孔から前記マンドレルの大径部
を引き抜きつつ、この貫通孔に前記マンドレルの小径部
を挿入し、マンドレルの小径部と貫通孔との間の間隙に
素材を充満させる仕上加工工程とを有するものである。A first method of plastic working a perforated member according to the present invention is to provide a die part in which a die hole having a shape corresponding to the perforated member to be obtained is formed and a continuous die part. Having a container part for holding the material, and inserting the material into a die member that is biased toward the punch side, and inserting the large diameter part of the mandrel into the through hole formed in the center of the material, and then fitting the material into the container part. The material is compression-molded by a counter punch that fits it and a punch that presses the end surface of the die member of the die member toward the counter punch, and the material is filled between the die hole and the large-diameter portion of the mandrel. Roughing step to obtain the material, after this roughing step, while applying compressive stress to the intermediate material by the punch and counter punch, while pulling out the large diameter portion of the mandrel from the through hole of the intermediate material, This Wherein to insert the small diameter portion of the mandrel into the through hole and has a finishing step of filling the material into the gap between the small diameter portion and the through hole of the mandrel.
【0013】本発明の第2の穴付部材の塑性加工方法
は、得ようとする穴付部材に対応する形状のダイ孔の形
成されるダイ部とこのダイ部に連続するコンテナ部とを
有し、パンチ側に付勢されるダイ部材内に素材を投入す
るとともに、この素材の中央に形成される貫通孔のパン
チ側に、マンドレルの小径部を挿入した後、この小径部
に続く穴径拡大部を貫通孔に圧入し、貫通孔のパンチ側
を拡径した後、前記コンテナ部に嵌合するカウンターパ
ンチと、前記ダイ部材のダイ部端面をカウンターパンチ
側に押圧するパンチとにより、素材を圧縮成形して、前
記ダイ孔と前記マンドレルとの間に素材を充満させ中間
素材を得る荒加工工程と、この荒加工工程の後、前記中
間素材に前記パンチとカウンターパンチとにより圧縮応
力を作用させながら、前記中間素材の貫通孔から前記マ
ンドレルの穴径拡大部を引き抜きつつ、この貫通孔に前
記マンドレルの前記小径部を挿入し、マンドレルの小径
部と、テーパ部、またはテーパ部および大径部とにより
拡径された貫通孔との間の間隙に素材を充満させる仕上
加工工程とを有するものである。A second plastic working method for a holed member according to the present invention has a die part in which a die hole having a shape corresponding to the holed member to be obtained is formed and a container part continuous with the die part. Then, after inserting the material into the die member that is urged toward the punch side, and inserting the small diameter part of the mandrel into the punch side of the through hole formed in the center of this material, the hole diameter following this small diameter part. After pressing the enlarged portion into the through hole and expanding the punch side of the through hole, a counter punch that fits into the container portion and a punch that presses the die portion end surface of the die member toward the counter punch side Is subjected to compression molding, and a roughing step of filling the material between the die hole and the mandrel to obtain an intermediate material, and after this roughing step, compressive stress is applied to the intermediate material by the punch and the counter punch. While working While pulling out the hole diameter enlarged part of the mandrel from the through hole of the intermediate material, the small diameter part of the mandrel is inserted into the through hole, and by the small diameter part of the mandrel, the tapered part, or the tapered part and the large diameter part. And a finishing step of filling the material with a gap between the enlarged through hole.
【0014】本発明の第3の穴付部材の塑性加工方法
は、得ようとする穴付部材に対応する形状のダイ孔の形
成されるダイ部とこのダイ部に連続するコンテナ部とを
有し、パンチ側に付勢されるダイ部材内に素材を投入す
るとともに、この素材の中央に形成される貫通孔に、マ
ンドレルの小径部を挿入した後、前記コンテナ部に嵌合
するカウンターパンチと、前記ダイ部材のダイ部端面を
カウンターパンチ側に押圧するパンチとにより、素材を
圧縮成形して、前記ダイ孔と前記マンドレルとの間に素
材を充満させ、この後、前記マンドレルの小径部に続く
穴径拡大部を貫通孔に圧入し、貫通孔のパンチ側を拡径
して中間素材を得る荒加工工程と、この荒加工工程の
後、前記中間素材に前記パンチとカウンターパンチとに
より圧縮応力を作用させながら、前記中間素材の貫通孔
から前記マンドレルの穴径拡大部を引き抜きつつ、この
貫通孔に前記マンドレルの小径部を挿入し、マンドレル
の小径部と、前記穴径拡大部により拡径された貫通孔と
の間の間隙に素材を充満させる仕上加工工程とを有する
ものである。The third method of plastic working a perforated member according to the present invention comprises a die part in which a die hole having a shape corresponding to the perforated member to be obtained is formed, and a container part continuous to this die part. Then, while inserting the material into the die member that is biased toward the punch side, and inserting the small diameter part of the mandrel into the through hole formed in the center of the material, a counter punch that fits into the container part is provided. , A punch that presses the end surface of the die part of the die member toward the counter punch side, the material is compression-molded to fill the material between the die hole and the mandrel, and then the small diameter part of the mandrel is filled. Roughing step of press-fitting the following enlarged hole diameter portion into the through hole and expanding the punch side of the through hole to obtain an intermediate material, and after this roughing step, compressing the intermediate material with the punch and counter punch. Stressed While pulling out the hole diameter enlarged portion of the mandrel from the through hole of the intermediate material, insert the small diameter portion of the mandrel into this through hole, the small diameter portion of the mandrel, and the penetration enlarged by the hole diameter enlarged portion. And a finishing step for filling the material between the holes and the material.
【0015】[0015]
【作用】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法では、仕上加
工工程において、中間素材に対してパンチとカウンター
パンチとにより圧縮応力を作用させながら、中間素材の
貫通孔からマンドレルの大径部または穴径拡大部を順次
引き抜くと、貫通孔にマンドレルの小径部が順次挿入さ
れ、マンドレルの小径部と貫通孔との間の間隙に素材が
順次充満され、素材が全体的に塑性流動を起こし、別の
部分にも塑性流動が起きやすくなり、中間素材が、中間
素材の外周の欠肉部側にも塑性流動し、中間素材の欠肉
部が、下方から徐々に埋められていく。In the plastic working method for a holed member of the present invention, in the finishing step, compressive stress is applied to the intermediate material by the punch and the counter punch, and the large diameter portion of the mandrel or When the hole diameter enlarged portion is sequentially pulled out, the small diameter portion of the mandrel is sequentially inserted into the through hole, the material is sequentially filled in the gap between the small diameter portion of the mandrel and the through hole, and the material causes plastic flow as a whole, Plastic flow is likely to occur in another portion, and the intermediate material also plastically flows to the cutout portion side of the outer circumference of the intermediate material, and the cutout portion of the intermediate material is gradually filled from below.
【0016】[0016]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面により詳細に説
明する。 (第1の実施例)図1は、本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工
方法の第1の実施例に使用される塑性加工装置を示すも
ので、図において符号31は、ダイ部材を示している。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a plastic working apparatus used in the first embodiment of the method for plastic working a holed member according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 31 denotes a die member. There is.
【0017】このダイ部材31には、ダイ部31aと、
このダイ部31aに連続するコンテナ部31bとが形成
されている。ダイ部材31は、スプリング32により上
方に向けて付勢されている。The die member 31 includes a die portion 31a,
A container portion 31b continuous with the die portion 31a is formed. The die member 31 is biased upward by a spring 32.
【0018】ダイ部31aには、図2に示すはすば歯車
からなる穴付部材33に対応する形状のダイ孔35が形
成されている。なお、穴付部材33には、貫通孔36が
形成されている。The die portion 31a is formed with a die hole 35 having a shape corresponding to the holed member 33 composed of a helical gear shown in FIG. A through hole 36 is formed in the holed member 33.
【0019】そして、ダイ部材31のダイ部31aの上
方には、ダイ部材31の上端面に当接可能なパンチ37
が配置されている。ダイ部材31のコンテナ部31bの
コンテナ穴31cには、カウンターパンチ39の上部が
嵌合されている。Then, above the die portion 31a of the die member 31, a punch 37 capable of contacting the upper end surface of the die member 31 is provided.
Is arranged. The upper portion of the counter punch 39 is fitted into the container hole 31c of the container portion 31b of the die member 31.
【0020】カウンターパンチ39には、貫通孔41が
形成され、この貫通孔41の下部には、駆動ピン43が
挿入されている。一方、貫通孔41の上部には、マンド
レル45の小径部47が挿入されている。A through hole 41 is formed in the counter punch 39, and a drive pin 43 is inserted under the through hole 41. On the other hand, the small diameter portion 47 of the mandrel 45 is inserted in the upper portion of the through hole 41.
【0021】マンドレル45は、小径部47と大径部4
9とからなり、大径部49を、パンチ37内に挿入され
ている。そして、マンドレル45は、パンチ37内に配
置されるスプリング51により、駆動ピン43側に向け
て付勢されている。The mandrel 45 has a small diameter portion 47 and a large diameter portion 4
The large diameter portion 49 is inserted into the punch 37. The mandrel 45 is biased toward the drive pin 43 side by the spring 51 arranged inside the punch 37.
【0022】なお、ダイ部材31は、ホルダ52内に上
下動自在に収容されている。さらに、この実施例では、
パンチ37の上端は、パンチホルダ71により、上ホル
ダ73に固定されている。The die member 31 is housed in the holder 52 so as to be vertically movable. Further, in this embodiment,
The upper end of the punch 37 is fixed to the upper holder 73 by the punch holder 71.
【0023】パンチ37の中央には、貫通孔37aが形
成され、この貫通孔37aに、マンドレル45の抜け止
め部45aが収容されている。抜け止め部45aと上ホ
ルダ73との間には、スプリング51が配置され、ま
た、貫通孔37aの上部には、マンドレル45の上端位
置を規制するマンドレルストッパー75が配置されてい
る。A through hole 37a is formed in the center of the punch 37, and a retaining portion 45a of the mandrel 45 is housed in the through hole 37a. A spring 51 is arranged between the retaining portion 45a and the upper holder 73, and a mandrel stopper 75 for restricting the upper end position of the mandrel 45 is arranged above the through hole 37a.
【0024】一方、下ホルダ77には、下プレート79
を介して、ホルダ52が固定されている。下プレート7
9には、貫通孔79aが形成され、下ホルダ77の上部
には、穴部77aが形成されている。On the other hand, the lower holder 77 has a lower plate 79.
The holder 52 is fixed via. Lower plate 7
9, a through hole 79a is formed, and a hole 77a is formed in the upper portion of the lower holder 77.
【0025】下ホルダ77の穴部77aの下方には、ピ
ン駆動用シリンダ81が配置され、このピン駆動用シリ
ンダ81には、油圧源83が接続されている。ピン駆動
用シリンダ81内には、ピストン85が収容され、この
ピストン85の上端に、駆動ピン43の下端が固定され
ている。A pin driving cylinder 81 is arranged below the hole 77a of the lower holder 77, and a hydraulic power source 83 is connected to the pin driving cylinder 81. A piston 85 is housed in the pin driving cylinder 81, and the lower end of the drive pin 43 is fixed to the upper end of the piston 85.
【0026】下ホルダ77の穴部77aには、第2のノ
ックアウトプレート87が配置され、下プレート79の
貫通孔79aには、第1のノックアウトプレート89が
配置されている。A second knockout plate 87 is arranged in the hole 77a of the lower holder 77, and a first knockout plate 89 is arranged in the through hole 79a of the lower plate 79.
【0027】第1のノックアウトプレート89の上面に
は、スラストベアリング91が配置されている。そし
て、第1のノックアウトプレート89と第2のノックア
ウトプレート87とが、第1のノックアウトピン93に
より連結されている。A thrust bearing 91 is arranged on the upper surface of the first knockout plate 89. Then, the first knockout plate 89 and the second knockout plate 87 are connected by the first knockout pin 93.
【0028】第2のノックアウトプレート87の下面に
は、第2のノックアウトピン95の上端が固定されてお
り、この第2のノックアウトピン95は、第2のノック
アウトピン95の下方に配置される図示しないノックア
ウト装置により、上下方向に駆動可能に構成されてい
る。The upper end of the second knockout pin 95 is fixed to the lower surface of the second knockout plate 87, and the second knockout pin 95 is arranged below the second knockout pin 95. It is configured to be vertically driven by a knockout device.
【0029】このような装置を使用して、本発明の穴付
部材の塑性加工方法の第1の実施例が以下述べるように
して行われる。すなわち、この実施例では、先ず、図1
の左側に示したように、ダイ部31aのダイ孔35およ
びコンテナ部31bのコンテナ穴31c内に、穴付部材
33の内接円より小さい、貫通孔53の形成される素材
55が投入され、貫通孔53内にマンドレル45の大径
部49が位置される。Using such an apparatus, the first embodiment of the plastic working method of the holed member of the present invention is performed as described below. That is, in this embodiment, first, as shown in FIG.
As shown on the left side of FIG. 1, a material 55 having a through hole 53, which is smaller than the inscribed circle of the holed member 33, is put into the die hole 35 of the die part 31a and the container hole 31c of the container part 31b. The large diameter portion 49 of the mandrel 45 is located in the through hole 53.
【0030】この後、パンチ37が下降され、パンチ3
7の下端が、ダイ部材31の上端面に当接され、さらな
るパンチ37の下降により、パンチ37の下端が素材5
5の上端面に当接される。After this, the punch 37 is lowered and the punch 3
The lower end of the punch 37 is brought into contact with the upper end surface of the die member 31, and the lower end of the punch 37 is further lowered by the lowering of the punch 37.
It is abutted on the upper end surface of 5.
【0031】そして、パンチ37をさらに下降すると、
図1の右側に示したように、パンチ37とカウンターパ
ンチ39により、素材55が圧縮成形され、素材55が
ダイ部31aに塑性流動され、同時にダイ孔35とマン
ドレル45の大径部49との間に素材55が充満され中
間素材57が得られる。When the punch 37 is further lowered,
As shown on the right side of FIG. 1, the punch 37 and the counter punch 39 compression-mold the material 55, and the material 55 is plastically flowed to the die portion 31 a. At the same time, the die hole 35 and the large-diameter portion 49 of the mandrel 45 are formed. In the meantime, the material 55 is filled and the intermediate material 57 is obtained.
【0032】この時の中間素材57には、ダイ部31a
において、欠肉部Eが形成されている。そして、この
後、図3の左側に示すように、パンチ37とカウンター
パンチ39により中間素材57に圧縮応力PPを作用さ
せた状態で、ピン駆動用シリンダ81に油圧を供給し、
ピストン85を上昇することにより、駆動ピン43を順
次上昇すると、中間素材57の貫通孔59からマンドレ
ル45の大径部49が順次引き抜かれ、貫通孔59にマ
ンドレル45の小径部47が順次位置され、貫通孔59
とマンドレル45の小径部47との間に間隙Sが形成さ
れる。At this time, the intermediate material 57 includes the die portion 31a.
In, the lacking portion E is formed. Then, as shown on the left side of FIG. 3, while the compressive stress PP is applied to the intermediate material 57 by the punch 37 and the counter punch 39, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the pin driving cylinder 81,
When the drive pin 43 is sequentially raised by raising the piston 85, the large diameter portion 49 of the mandrel 45 is sequentially pulled out from the through hole 59 of the intermediate material 57, and the small diameter portion 47 of the mandrel 45 is sequentially positioned in the through hole 59. , Through hole 59
And a small diameter portion 47 of the mandrel 45 forms a gap S.
【0033】そして、この間隙Sに、中間素材57が塑
性流動され、これにともない、中間素材57が欠肉部E
側にも塑性流動し、中間素材57の欠肉部Eが、下方か
ら徐々に埋められていく。Then, the intermediate material 57 is plastically flowed into the gap S, and the intermediate material 57 is also accompanied by the lacked portion E.
Plastic flow also occurs on the side, and the cutout portion E of the intermediate material 57 is gradually filled from below.
【0034】この後、図3の右側に示すように、中間素
材57の貫通孔59の全体にわたりマンドレル45の小
径部47が位置されると成形が完了し、欠肉部Eがなく
両端面が平坦な穴付部材33が得られる。After that, as shown on the right side of FIG. 3, when the small diameter portion 47 of the mandrel 45 is positioned over the entire through hole 59 of the intermediate material 57, the molding is completed and there is no lacking portion E and both end surfaces are A flat perforated member 33 is obtained.
【0035】そして、この仕上加工工程の終了後、パン
チ37が上昇した後に、図4に示すように、図示しない
ノックアウト装置の駆動により、第2のノックアウトピ
ン95が上昇され、第2のノックアウトプレート87を
介して、第1のノックアウトピン93が上昇され、スラ
ストベアリング91によりカウンターパンチ39が支持
され、回転自在となったカウンターパンチ39が、穴付
部材33の捩じれに沿って回転しながら、穴付部材33
がノックアウトされ取り出される。After completion of this finishing step, after the punch 37 is raised, the second knockout pin 95 is raised by driving a knockout device (not shown), as shown in FIG. The first knockout pin 93 is raised via 87, the counter punch 39 is supported by the thrust bearing 91, and the counter punch 39 which is rotatable is rotated along the twist of the holed member 33, Attached member 33
Is knocked out and taken out.
【0036】しかして、上述した穴付部材の塑性加工方
法では、仕上加工工程において、中間素材57にパンチ
37とカウンターパンチ39とにより圧縮応力を作用さ
せながら、中間素材57の貫通孔59からマンドレル4
5の大径部49を順次引き抜くと、貫通孔59にマンド
レル45の小径部47が順次挿入され、マンドレル45
の小径部47と貫通孔59との間の間隙Sに中間素材5
7が順次充満され、この時に、中間素材57が欠肉部E
側にも塑性流動し、中間素材57の欠肉部Eが、下方か
ら徐々に埋められていくため、欠肉等の欠陥のない穴付
部材を確実に得ることが可能になる。However, in the plastic working method of the holed member described above, in the finishing step, the punch 37 and the counter punch 39 exert a compressive stress on the intermediate material 57, and the mandrel through the through hole 59 of the intermediate material 57. Four
When the large-diameter portion 49 of 5 is sequentially pulled out, the small-diameter portion 47 of the mandrel 45 is sequentially inserted into the through hole 59.
In the gap S between the small diameter portion 47 and the through hole 59 of the intermediate material 5
7 are sequentially filled, and at this time, the intermediate material 57 is filled with the lacking part E.
Since the plastic material flows to the side as well, and the flesh portion E of the intermediate material 57 is gradually filled from below, it is possible to reliably obtain a perforated member having no defects such as flesh thickness.
【0037】(第2の実施例)図5は、本発明の穴付部
材の塑性加工方法の第2の実施例に使用される塑性加工
装置を示すもので、この装置では、駆動ピン43Aの上
部にマンドレル45の小径部47と同径のマンドレル駆
動部43aが形成され、下部にマンドレル駆動部43a
より大径のノックアウト部43bが形成されている。(Second Embodiment) FIG. 5 shows a plastic working apparatus used in a second embodiment of the plastic working method for a holed member according to the present invention. A mandrel drive part 43a having the same diameter as the small diameter part 47 of the mandrel 45 is formed in the upper part, and the mandrel drive part 43a is formed in the lower part.
A knockout portion 43b having a larger diameter is formed.
【0038】そして、ノックアウト部43bの上端に、
スラストベアリング91が配置されている。この装置を
使用しての塑性加工方法では、図5に示すように、図示
しないノックアウト装置により、駆動ピン43Aが第1
の駆動速度で上方に移動され、これにより、貫通孔59
にマンドレル45の小径部47が順次挿入され、マンド
レル45の移動が行われる。Then, at the upper end of the knockout portion 43b,
A thrust bearing 91 is arranged. In the plastic working method using this device, as shown in FIG. 5, the drive pin 43A is moved to the first position by a knockout device (not shown).
Is moved upwards at a driving speed of
The small diameter portion 47 of the mandrel 45 is sequentially inserted into the mandrel 45, and the mandrel 45 is moved.
【0039】そして、成形の終了後に、図6に示すよう
に、図示しないノックアウト装置の駆動により、駆動ピ
ン43Aが、さらに上昇され、スラストベアリング91
がカウンターパンチ39に当接し、スラストベアリング
91に支持され回転自在となったカウンターパンチ39
が、穴付部材33の捩じれに沿って回転しながらノック
アウトされ取り出される。After the completion of molding, as shown in FIG. 6, the driving pin 43A is further raised by driving a knockout device (not shown), and the thrust bearing 91
Is abutted against the counter punch 39 and is supported by the thrust bearing 91 so that the counter punch 39 is rotatable.
Is knocked out and taken out while rotating along the twist of the holed member 33.
【0040】なお、図5において、L1 は、マンドレル
45の移動のための駆動ピン43Aの移動量を示してお
り、図6において、L2 は、穴付部材33をノックアウ
トするための駆動ピン43Aの移動量を示している。In FIG. 5, L 1 indicates the amount of movement of the drive pin 43A for moving the mandrel 45, and in FIG. 6, L 2 indicates the drive pin for knocking out the holed member 33. The amount of movement of 43A is shown.
【0041】(第3の実施例)図7は、本発明の穴付部
材の塑性加工方法の第3の実施例に使用される塑性加工
装置を示すもので、この装置では、マンドレル45Aの
大径部49Aと小径部47Aとの間に、大径部49Aと
小径部47Aとを接続するテーパ部61が形成されてい
る。(Third Embodiment) FIG. 7 shows a plastic working apparatus used in a third embodiment of the plastic working method for a holed member according to the present invention. In this apparatus, a large mandrel 45A is used. A taper portion 61 that connects the large diameter portion 49A and the small diameter portion 47A is formed between the diameter portion 49A and the small diameter portion 47A.
【0042】また、上ホルダ73には、マンドレル圧入
用シリンダ97が配置され、このマンドレル圧入用シリ
ンダ97のピストン99に、マンドレル45Aの上端が
連結されている。A mandrel press-fitting cylinder 97 is arranged in the upper holder 73, and the upper end of the mandrel 45A is connected to the piston 99 of the mandrel press-fitting cylinder 97.
【0043】このような装置を使用して、本発明の穴付
部材の塑性加工方法の第3の実施例が以下述べるように
して行われる。すなわち、この第3の実施例では、先
ず、図7の左側に示したように、ダイ部31aのダイ孔
35およびコンテナ部31bのコンテナ穴31c内に、
穴付部材33の内接円より外径が小さく、貫通孔53の
形成されるリング状の素材55が投入される。Using such an apparatus, a third embodiment of the plastic working method for a holed member of the present invention is carried out as described below. That is, in the third embodiment, first, as shown on the left side of FIG. 7, in the die hole 35 of the die portion 31a and the container hole 31c of the container portion 31b,
A ring-shaped material 55 having a smaller outer diameter than the inscribed circle of the holed member 33 and in which the through hole 53 is formed is introduced.
【0044】なお、貫通孔53の内径は、マンドレル4
5Aの小径部47Aの外径とほぼ同じか、あるいは僅か
に大きくされており、大径部49Aの外径よりも充分に
小さくされている。The inner diameter of the through hole 53 is equal to that of the mandrel 4.
The outer diameter of the small diameter portion 47A of 5A is substantially the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the large diameter portion 49A, and is sufficiently smaller than the outer diameter of the large diameter portion 49A.
【0045】この後、マンドレル45Aが、コンテナ部
31b側に、マンドレル圧入用シリンダ97のピストン
99により付勢された状態で、パンチ37が下降され、
マンドレル45Aの小径部47Aが素材55の貫通孔5
3内に挿入された後、マンドレル45Aのテーパ部61
および大径部49Aが連続して貫通孔53内に圧入さ
れ、図7の右側に示すように素材55のパンチ37側の
開口部が拡径される。Thereafter, the punch 37 is lowered while the mandrel 45A is urged by the piston 99 of the mandrel press-fitting cylinder 97 toward the container portion 31b.
The small diameter portion 47A of the mandrel 45A is the through hole 5 of the material 55.
3 after being inserted into the mandrel 45A, the taper portion 61
And the large diameter portion 49A is continuously press-fitted into the through hole 53, and the opening portion of the material 55 on the punch 37 side is expanded as shown on the right side of FIG.
【0046】次に、パンチ37をさらに下降すると、図
8の左側に示したように、パンチ37とカウンターパン
チ39により、素材55Aが圧縮成形され、素材55A
がダイ部31aに塑性流動され、ダイ孔35に素材55
Aが充満され中間素材57が得られる。Next, when the punch 37 is further lowered, the material 55A is compression-molded by the punch 37 and the counter punch 39, as shown on the left side of FIG.
Is plastically flowed to the die part 31a, and the material 55 is put in the die hole 35.
A is filled and the intermediate material 57 is obtained.
【0047】この時の中間素材57には、ダイ部31a
の上部に、欠肉部Eが形成されている。そして、この
後、図8の右側に示すように、パンチ37に圧力PPを
作用させ、パンチ37とカウンターパンチ39により中
間素材57に圧縮応力を作用させた状態で、駆動ピン4
3を順次上昇すると、中間素材57の貫通孔59からマ
ンドレル45Aの大径部49Aおよびテーパ部61が順
次引き抜かれ、貫通孔59の上部にマンドレル45Aの
小径部47Aが順次位置され、貫通孔59とマンドレル
45Aの小径部47Aとの間に間隙Sが形成される。At this time, the intermediate material 57 includes the die portion 31a.
Is formed on the upper part of. Then, as shown on the right side of FIG. 8, after the pressure PP is applied to the punch 37 and compressive stress is applied to the intermediate material 57 by the punch 37 and the counter punch 39, the drive pin 4 is pressed.
When 3 is sequentially raised, the large diameter portion 49A and the tapered portion 61 of the mandrel 45A are sequentially pulled out from the through hole 59 of the intermediate material 57, the small diameter portion 47A of the mandrel 45A is sequentially positioned above the through hole 59, and the through hole 59 is formed. A gap S is formed between the small diameter portion 47A of the mandrel 45A and the small diameter portion 47A.
【0048】そして、この間隙Sに、中間素材57が塑
性流動され、これにともない、中間素材57が欠肉部E
側にも塑性流動し、中間素材57の欠肉部Eが、下方か
ら徐々に埋められていく。Then, the intermediate material 57 is plastically flowed into the gap S, and the intermediate material 57 is accompanied by the lacked portion E.
Plastic flow also occurs on the side, and the cutout portion E of the intermediate material 57 is gradually filled from below.
【0049】なお、駆動ピン43を順次上昇させる時
に、マンドレル45Aに下方への付勢力Pを作用した状
態でも、駆動ピン43の上昇力がこれを上回ればマンド
レル45Aは上方に移動するが、この時に、マンドレル
45Aの下方への付勢力をなくすことにより、マンドレ
ル45Aの上方への移動がより円滑になる。Even when a downward biasing force P is exerted on the mandrel 45A when the drive pin 43 is sequentially raised, if the upward force of the drive pin 43 exceeds this, the mandrel 45A moves upward. At times, by eliminating the downward biasing force of the mandrel 45A, the upward movement of the mandrel 45A becomes smoother.
【0050】また、マンドレル45Aの下方への付勢力
をなくすことにより、マンドレル45Aの形状および摩
擦係数等によっては、パンチ37の下方への圧縮力によ
りテーパ部61が押圧され、マンドレル45Aが自然に
上昇することがあり、この場合には、必ずしも駆動ピン
43によりマンドレル45Aを上昇する必要がなくな
る。Further, by eliminating the downward urging force of the mandrel 45A, the taper portion 61 is pressed by the downward compression force of the punch 37, depending on the shape and friction coefficient of the mandrel 45A, and the mandrel 45A naturally moves. In some cases, the mandrel 45A need not be raised by the drive pin 43 in this case.
【0051】そして、この後、図9の左側に示すよう
に、中間素材57の貫通孔59の全体にわたりマンドレ
ル45Aの小径部47Aが位置されると成形が完了し、
欠肉部Eがなく両端面が平坦な穴付部材33が得られ
る。Then, as shown on the left side of FIG. 9, when the small diameter portion 47A of the mandrel 45A is positioned over the through hole 59 of the intermediate material 57, the molding is completed,
A holed member 33 having no flattened portion E and having flat end surfaces is obtained.
【0052】そして、この仕上加工工程の終了後に、パ
ンチ37およびカウンターパンチ39が上昇され、所定
形状に成形された穴付部材33が取り出される。この第
3の実施例においても、第1の実施例とほぼ同様の効果
を得ることができる。After completion of this finishing step, the punch 37 and the counter punch 39 are raised, and the perforated member 33 formed into a predetermined shape is taken out. Also in the third embodiment, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
【0053】なお、以上述べた実施例では、素材55内
にテーパ部61および大径部49Aを挿入した例につい
て説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限定されるもの
ではなく、テーパ部61のみを挿入するようにしても良
いことは勿論である。In the embodiment described above, the taper portion 61 and the large diameter portion 49A are inserted in the material 55, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment and the taper portion 61 is used. Of course, it is also possible to insert only.
【0054】また、テーパ部61を円弧形状等の曲面形
状にしても良い。 (第4の実施例)図10は、本発明の穴付部材の塑性加
工方法の第4の実施例の要部を示すもので、この第4の
実施例では、先ず、図7の左側に示したと同様に、ダイ
部31aのダイ孔35およびコンテナ部31bのコンテ
ナ穴31c内に、穴付部材33の内接円より外径が小さ
く、貫通孔53の形成されるリング状の素材55Bが投
入される。Further, the taper portion 61 may have a curved surface shape such as an arc shape. (Fourth Embodiment) FIG. 10 shows an essential part of a fourth embodiment of the plastic working method for a holed member according to the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, first, on the left side of FIG. As shown, in the die hole 35 of the die portion 31a and the container hole 31c of the container portion 31b, the ring-shaped material 55B having a smaller outer diameter than the inscribed circle of the holed member 33 and the through hole 53 is formed. It is thrown in.
【0055】この後、マンドレル45Aの小径部47A
が素材55Bの貫通孔53A内に挿入され、パンチ37
が下降され、マンドレル圧入用シリンダ97を使用する
ことなく、図10の左側に示すように、パンチ37とカ
ウンターパンチ39により、素材55Bが圧縮成形さ
れ、素材55Bがダイ部31aに塑性流動され、ダイ孔
35に素材55Bが充満される。After this, the small diameter portion 47A of the mandrel 45A.
Is inserted into the through hole 53A of the material 55B, and the punch 37
10, the material 55B is compression-molded by the punch 37 and the counter punch 39 without using the mandrel press-fitting cylinder 97, and the material 55B is plastically flowed to the die portion 31a. The material 55B is filled in the die hole 35.
【0056】次に、マンドレル45Aが、コンテナ部3
1b側に、マンドレル圧入用シリンダ97のピストン9
9により付勢され、マンドレル45Aのテーパ部61お
よび大径部49Aが連続して貫通孔53A内に圧入さ
れ、図10の右側に示すように、素材55Bのパンチ3
7側の開口部が拡径され中間素材55Cが得られる。Next, the mandrel 45A is attached to the container 3
The piston 9 of the mandrel press-fitting cylinder 97 is attached to the side 1b.
9, the taper portion 61 and the large diameter portion 49A of the mandrel 45A are continuously pressed into the through hole 53A, and as shown on the right side of FIG.
The diameter of the opening on the 7 side is expanded to obtain the intermediate material 55C.
【0057】そして、この後、図8の右側および図9の
左側に示したと同様にして仕上加工工程が行われ、所定
形状に成形された穴付部材33を得ることができる。こ
の第4の実施例においても上述した他の実施例とほぼ同
様の効果を得ることができる。Then, after that, the finishing step is performed in the same manner as shown on the right side of FIG. 8 and the left side of FIG. 9 to obtain the perforated member 33 formed in a predetermined shape. Also in the fourth embodiment, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effect as the other embodiments described above.
【0058】(第5の実施例)図11は、本発明の穴付
部材の塑性加工方法の第5の実施例に使用される塑性加
工装置を示すもので、この装置では、マンドレル45の
大径部49と小径部47との間に、小径部47よりさら
に小径の逃げ部101が形成されている。(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 11 shows a plastic working apparatus used in a fifth embodiment of the method of plastic working a holed member according to the present invention. In this apparatus, the mandrel 45 has a large size. An escape portion 101 having a diameter smaller than that of the small diameter portion 47 is formed between the diameter portion 49 and the small diameter portion 47.
【0059】また、逃げ部101の下部に、テーパ状の
アプローチ部103が形成されている。この装置を使用
しての塑性加工方法は、第1の実施例とほぼ同様にして
おこなわれるが、この実施例では、図12の左側のマン
ドレル45の交換状態において、素材57に作用してい
る圧縮応力により、一旦、逃げ部101に素材57が流
動し、流動した素材57が、アプローチ部103および
小径部47によりしごき成形される。Further, a tapered approach portion 103 is formed below the relief portion 101. The plastic working method using this apparatus is carried out in substantially the same manner as in the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, it acts on the material 57 when the mandrel 45 on the left side of FIG. 12 is replaced. Due to the compressive stress, the material 57 once flows into the relief portion 101, and the fluidized material 57 is ironed and formed by the approach portion 103 and the small diameter portion 47.
【0060】従って、穴付部材33の穴部36を、より
精度高く仕上げることができる。なお、この実施例にお
いて、図13に示すように、マンドレル45の逃げ部1
01の下方の小径部47の外周に、軸長方向に凹溝10
5を形成し、スプライン形状等の異形形状の断面とする
ことにより、スプライン穴等を高い精度で仕上げること
が可能になる。Therefore, the hole portion 36 of the holed member 33 can be finished with higher accuracy. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the relief portion 1 of the mandrel 45 is provided.
01 on the outer periphery of the small-diameter portion 47 in the axial direction.
By forming 5 and making it a cross section of an irregular shape such as a spline shape, it becomes possible to finish the spline hole or the like with high accuracy.
【0061】(第6の実施例)図14は、本発明の穴付
部材の塑性加工方法の第6の実施例に使用される塑性加
工装置を示すもので、この装置では、マンドレル45A
のテーパ部61と小径部47Aとの間に、小径部47A
よりさらに小径の逃げ部101が形成されている。(Sixth Embodiment) FIG. 14 shows a plastic working apparatus used in a sixth embodiment of the method of plastic working a holed member according to the present invention. In this apparatus, a mandrel 45A is used.
Between the taper portion 61 and the small diameter portion 47A of the small diameter portion 47A.
An escape portion 101 having a smaller diameter is formed.
【0062】また、逃げ部101の下部に、テーパ状の
アプローチ部103が形成されている。この装置を使用
しての塑性加工方法は、第3の実施例とほぼ同様にして
おこなわれるが、この実施例では、図15の右側のマン
ドレル45Aの交換状態において、第5の実施例と同様
に、素材57に作用している圧縮応力により、一旦、逃
げ部101に素材57が流動し、流動した素材57が、
小径部47Aによりしごき成形されるため、穴付部材3
3の穴部36を、より精度高く仕上げることができる。Further, a tapered approach portion 103 is formed below the escape portion 101. The plastic working method using this apparatus is carried out in substantially the same manner as in the third embodiment. However, in this embodiment, in the replacement state of the mandrel 45A on the right side of FIG. 15, the same as in the fifth embodiment. In addition, due to the compressive stress acting on the material 57, the material 57 once flows into the relief portion 101, and the flowing material 57 is
Since the small diameter portion 47A is formed by ironing, the holed member 3
The hole 36 of No. 3 can be finished with higher accuracy.
【0063】そして、穴付部材33は、図16に示すよ
うに、第3の実施例と同様にしてノックアウトされ、取
り出される。なお、以上述べた実施例では、ダイ部材3
1をスプリングからなる付勢部材32により、パンチ3
7側に向けて付勢した例について説明したが、本発明は
かかる実施例に限定されるものではなく、例えば、図1
7に示すように、下ホルダ105の上面に、付勢力発生
用シリンダ107を配置し、この付勢力発生用シリンダ
107のピストン109に連結されるピストンロッド1
11により、ダイ部材31を上方に向けて付勢するよう
にしても良いことは勿論である。Then, as shown in FIG. 16, the holed member 33 is knocked out and taken out in the same manner as in the third embodiment. In the embodiment described above, the die member 3
The punch 3 is provided with a biasing member 32 including a spring.
Although the example of urging toward the 7 side has been described, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the urging force generating cylinder 107 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower holder 105, and the piston rod 1 is connected to the piston 109 of the urging force generating cylinder 107.
Needless to say, the die member 31 may be biased upward by 11.
【0064】また、以上述べた実施例では、マンドレル
45に大径部49と小径部47とを一体に形成した例に
ついて説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限定される
ものではなく、例えば、図18,19に示すように、大
径部49Bと小径部47Bとをその境界面113におい
て分離しても良いことは勿論である。In the above-described embodiment, the mandrel 45 is integrally formed with the large-diameter portion 49 and the small-diameter portion 47. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Of course, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the large diameter portion 49B and the small diameter portion 47B may be separated at the boundary surface 113 thereof.
【0065】さらに、以上述べた実施例では、マンドレ
ル45Aにテーパ部61と小径部47Aとを一体に形成
した例について説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限
定されるものではなく、例えば、図20に示すように、
テーパ部61と大径部45Aとを分割部材115により
形成し、この分割部材115に小径部47Cの上端を挿
入するようにしても良いことは勿論である。Further, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the taper portion 61 and the small diameter portion 47A are integrally formed on the mandrel 45A has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. As shown in FIG.
Of course, the taper portion 61 and the large diameter portion 45A may be formed by the dividing member 115, and the upper end of the small diameter portion 47C may be inserted into the dividing member 115.
【0066】また、以上述べた実施例では、ダイ部材3
1にダイ部31aとコンテナ部31bとを一体に形成し
た例について説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限定
されるものではなく、例えば、図21に示すように、ダ
イ部117とコンテナ部119とを別体に形成しても良
いことは勿論であり、さらに、ダイ部117を下側ホル
ダ121に配置し、コンテナ部119を上側ホルダ12
3に配置するようにしても良いことは勿論である。In the embodiment described above, the die member 3
Although the example in which the die portion 31a and the container portion 31b are integrally formed in 1 has been described, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 21, the die portion 117 and the container portion 31b are formed. 119 may be formed separately, and further, the die part 117 is arranged in the lower holder 121, and the container part 119 is arranged in the upper holder 12.
Needless to say, it may be arranged in No. 3.
【0067】さらに、以上述べた実施例では、歯形部の
一側にのみボス部の形成される穴付部材33を成形した
例について説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限定さ
れるものではなく、例えば、図22に示すように、パン
チ37の先端に凹部125を形成することにより、歯形
部127の両側にボス部129,131の形成される穴
付部材を成形することが可能になる。Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the example in which the holed member 33 having the boss portion formed on only one side of the tooth profile portion is formed is described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Instead, for example, as shown in FIG. 22, by forming the concave portion 125 at the tip of the punch 37, it becomes possible to form a holed member in which the boss portions 129 and 131 are formed on both sides of the toothed portion 127. .
【0068】また、以上述べた実施例では、はすば歯車
からなる穴付部材33の塑性加工に本発明方法を適用し
た例について説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限定
されるものではなく、穴付部材は、円柱,三角柱,四角
柱,六角柱等でも良く、また、平歯車,傘歯車等であっ
ても良いことは勿論である。Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, an example in which the method of the present invention is applied to the plastic working of the holed member 33 made of a helical gear has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Alternatively, the holed member may be a cylinder, a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, a hexagonal prism, or the like, or may be a spur gear, a bevel gear, or the like.
【0069】さらに、マンドレル45,45Aの小径部
47,47Aの断面形状は円形に限るものではなく、四
角,六角、スプライン形状等でも良いことは勿論であ
る。また、本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法において、
ダイ部材31を加熱し、潤滑条件を良好にすることによ
り、より低い応力で成形が可能となり、金型の寿命を向
上し、製品の寸法精度を向上することができる。Further, the cross-sectional shape of the small-diameter portions 47, 47A of the mandrels 45, 45A is not limited to the circular shape, and it goes without saying that the cross-sectional shape may be a square shape, a hexagonal shape, a spline shape or the like. Further, in the plastic working method of the holed member of the present invention,
By heating the die member 31 and improving the lubrication condition, molding can be performed with lower stress, the life of the mold can be improved, and the dimensional accuracy of the product can be improved.
【0070】すなわち、図23は、図24に示すよう
な、モジュールが1、歯数が23、ピッチ円筒捩じれ角
が20度のはすば歯車133を、上述した第1の実施例
により、歯部135に平均応力120Kg/mm2 を作用さ
せて、ダイ部材31を室温に維持して成形を行った時
の、歯先(図のA部)の欠肉状態を示すもので、径方向
に5.5mm、軸長方向に0.06mmの略三角形状の欠肉
部137が生じていた。That is, FIG. 23 shows a helical gear 133 having one module, 23 teeth and a pitch cylinder twist angle of 20 degrees as shown in FIG. The average stress of 120 kg / mm 2 is applied to the portion 135 to show the lack of tooth tip (A portion in the figure) when molding is performed while maintaining the die member 31 at room temperature. There was a substantially triangular cutout 137 of 5.5 mm and 0.06 mm in the axial direction.
【0071】一方、図25は、同一条件のもとで、ダイ
部材31を100℃に加熱して成形を行った時の、歯先
(図のA部)の欠肉状態を示すもので、径方向に0.0
5mm、軸長方向に0.015mmの欠肉部139が生じて
いたが、これは、殆ど無視できる程度である。On the other hand, FIG. 25 shows a state where the tooth tips (A portion in the figure) are thinned when the die member 31 is heated to 100 ° C. and molded under the same conditions. 0.0 in the radial direction
There was a recessed portion 139 of 5 mm and 0.015 mm in the axial direction, but this is almost negligible.
【0072】なお、ダイ部材31を室温に維持した状態
で、図23の欠肉部137を図25の欠肉部139と同
様の大きさにまで小さくするには、歯部135に平均応
力160Kg/mm2 を作用させる必要があった。Incidentally, in order to reduce the thickness of the recessed portion 137 of FIG. 23 to the same size as the thickness of the recessed portion 139 of FIG. 25 with the die member 31 maintained at room temperature, an average stress of 160 kg is applied to the tooth portion 135. It was necessary to operate / mm 2 .
【0073】[0073]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明の穴付部材の
塑性加工方法によれば、仕上加工工程において、中間素
材にパンチとカウンターパンチとにより圧縮応力を作用
させながら、中間素材の貫通孔からマンドレルの大径部
または穴径拡大部を順次引き抜くと、貫通孔にマンドレ
ルの小径部が順次挿入され、マンドレルの小径部と貫通
孔との間の間隙に素材が順次充満され、この時に、中間
素材が欠肉部側にも塑性流動し、中間素材の欠肉部が、
下方から徐々に埋められていくため、欠肉等の欠陥のな
い穴付部材を確実に得ることができるという利点があ
る。As described above, according to the plastic working method for a holed member of the present invention, in the finishing step, the intermediate material penetrates while the compressive stress is applied to the intermediate material by the punch and the counter punch. When the large diameter portion of the mandrel or the enlarged diameter portion of the mandrel is sequentially pulled out from the hole, the small diameter portion of the mandrel is sequentially inserted into the through hole, and the material is sequentially filled in the gap between the small diameter portion of the mandrel and the through hole. , The intermediate material also plastically flows to the flesh side, and the flesh portion of the intermediate material
Since it is gradually filled from below, there is an advantage that it is possible to reliably obtain a perforated member that is free from defects such as lack of thickness.
【図1】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の第1の実施
例に使用される塑性加工装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a plastic working apparatus used in a first embodiment of a plastic working method for a holed member of the present invention.
【図2】図1の装置で成形された穴付部材を示す上面図
である。FIG. 2 is a top view showing a member with holes formed by the apparatus of FIG.
【図3】図1の装置による仕上加工工程を示す断面図で
ある。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a finishing process using the apparatus of FIG.
【図4】図1の装置によるノックアウト工程を示す断面
図である。4 is a cross-sectional view showing a knockout process by the apparatus of FIG.
【図5】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の第2の実施
例に使用される塑性加工装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a plastic working apparatus used in a second embodiment of the method for plastic working a holed member of the present invention.
【図6】図5の装置によるノックアウト工程を示す断面
図である。6 is a cross-sectional view showing a knockout process by the device of FIG.
【図7】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の第3の実施
例に使用される塑性加工装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a plastic working apparatus used in a third embodiment of the method for plastic working a holed member of the present invention.
【図8】図7の装置による仕上加工工程を示す断面図で
ある。8 is a cross-sectional view showing a finishing process with the apparatus of FIG.
【図9】図7の装置によるノックアウト工程を示す断面
図である。9 is a cross-sectional view showing a knockout process by the apparatus of FIG.
【図10】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の第4の実
施例に使用される塑性加工装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a plastic working apparatus used in a fourth embodiment of the method of plastic working a holed member of the present invention.
【図11】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の第5の実
施例に使用される塑性加工装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a plastic working apparatus used in a fifth embodiment of the method of plastic working a holed member of the present invention.
【図12】図12の装置による仕上加工工程を示す断面
図である。12 is a cross-sectional view showing a finishing process with the apparatus of FIG.
【図13】図12の装置において凹溝の形成される小径
部を示す断面図である。13 is a cross-sectional view showing a small diameter portion in which a groove is formed in the device of FIG.
【図14】本発明の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の第6の実
施例に使用される塑性加工装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a plastic working apparatus used in a sixth embodiment of the method for plastic working a holed member of the present invention.
【図15】図15の装置による仕上加工工程を示す断面
図である。FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a finishing process with the apparatus of FIG.
【図16】図15の装置によるノックアウト工程を示す
断面図である。16 is a cross-sectional view showing a knockout process by the device of FIG.
【図17】ダイ部材を付勢力発生用シリンダにより上方
に付勢する装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus for urging the die member upward by the urging force generating cylinder.
【図18】マンドレルの大径部と小径部とを分割した装
置を示す断面図である。FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus in which a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion of a mandrel are divided.
【図19】図19の装置による仕上加工工程を示す断面
図である。FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a finishing process using the apparatus of FIG.
【図20】マンドレルのテーパ部と小径部とを分割した
装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus in which a tapered portion and a small diameter portion of a mandrel are divided.
【図21】ダイ部とコンテナ部とを分割した装置を示す
断面図である。FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus in which a die part and a container part are divided.
【図22】歯形部の両側にボス部の形成される穴付部材
を成形する装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing an apparatus for forming a holed member having boss portions formed on both sides of a toothed portion.
【図23】第1の実施例により成形されたはすば歯車の
欠肉部を示す説明図である。FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a cutout portion of a helical gear formed according to the first embodiment.
【図24】図24のはすば歯車の形状を示す断面図であ
る。24 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of the helical gear shown in FIG.
【図25】第1の実施例においてダイ部材を加熱して成
形されたはすば歯車の欠肉部を示す説明図である。FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing a cutout portion of a helical gear formed by heating a die member in the first embodiment.
【図26】従来の穴無し部材の塑性加工方法を示す説明
図である。FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing a conventional plastic working method of a member without holes.
【図27】図27の方法で加工された歯車を示す上面図
である。27 is a top view showing a gear processed by the method of FIG. 27. FIG.
【図28】従来の穴付部材の塑性加工方法を示す説明図
である。FIG. 28 is an explanatory view showing a conventional plastic working method for a member with holes.
【図29】従来の穴付部材の塑性加工方法の他の例を示
す説明図である。FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing another example of the conventional plastic working method for a holed member.
31 ダイ部材 31a ダイ部 31b コンテナ部 33 穴付部材 35 ダイ孔 37 パンチ 39 カウンターパンチ 45,45A マンドレル 47,47A 小径部 49,49A 大径部 53 貫通孔 55 素材 57 中間素材 61 テーパ部 31 die member 31a die part 31b container part 33 hole member 35 die hole 37 punch 39 counter punch 45, 45A mandrel 47, 47A small diameter part 49, 49A large diameter part 53 through hole 55 material 57 intermediate material 61 taper part
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平5−351(JP,A) 特開 平1−104437(JP,A) 特開 平1−104436(JP,A) 特開 平1−104438(JP,A) 特開 昭61−27137(JP,A) 特開 昭50−99940(JP,A) 特開 昭57−134230(JP,A) 実開 昭59−194347(JP,U) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-351 (JP, A) JP-A-1-104437 (JP, A) JP-A-1-104436 (JP, A) JP-A-1- 104438 (JP, A) JP 61-27137 (JP, A) JP 50-99940 (JP, A) JP 57-134230 (JP, A) Actual development 59-194347 (JP, U)
Claims (8)
ダイ孔の形成されるダイ部とこのダイ部に連続するコン
テナ部とを有し、パンチ側に付勢されるダイ部材内に素
材を投入するとともに、素材の中央に形成される貫通孔
にマンドレルの大径部を挿入した後、前記コンテナ部に
嵌合するカウンターパンチと、前記ダイ部材のダイ部端
面をカウンターパンチ側に押圧するパンチとにより、素
材を圧縮成形して、前記ダイ孔と前記マンドレルの大径
部との間に素材を充満させ中間素材を得る荒加工工程
と、この荒加工工程の後、前記中間素材に前記パンチと
カウンターパンチとにより圧縮応力を作用させながら、
前記中間素材の貫通孔から前記マンドレルの大径部を引
き抜きつつ、この貫通孔に前記マンドレルの小径部を挿
入し、マンドレルの小径部と貫通孔との間の間隙に素材
を充満させる仕上加工工程とを有することを特徴とする
穴付部材の塑性加工方法。1. A die member that has a die portion having a die hole having a shape corresponding to the holed member to be obtained and a container portion that is continuous with the die portion, and is provided in a die member that is biased toward the punch side. After inserting the material, after inserting the large diameter part of the mandrel into the through hole formed in the center of the material, press the counter punch that fits into the container part and the die part end surface of the die member to the counter punch side. The material is compression-molded by a punch that is used to fill the material between the die hole and the large diameter portion of the mandrel to obtain an intermediate material, and after the roughing step, the intermediate material is While applying compressive stress by the punch and the counter punch,
While pulling out the large-diameter portion of the mandrel from the through-hole of the intermediate material, insert the small-diameter portion of the mandrel into this through-hole, the finishing process step to fill the material between the small-diameter portion of the mandrel and the through-hole A plastic working method for a member having a hole, comprising:
ダイ孔の形成されるダイ部とこのダイ部に連続するコン
テナ部とを有し、パンチ側に付勢されるダイ部材内に素
材を投入するとともに、この素材の中央に形成される貫
通孔のパンチ側に、マンドレルの小径部を挿入した後、
この小径部に続く穴径拡大部を貫通孔に圧入し、貫通孔
のパンチ側を拡径した後、前記コンテナ部に嵌合するカ
ウンターパンチと、前記ダイ部材のダイ部端面をカウン
ターパンチ側に押圧するパンチとにより、素材を圧縮成
形して、前記ダイ孔と前記マンドレルとの間に素材を充
満させ中間素材を得る荒加工工程と、この荒加工工程の
後、前記中間素材に前記パンチとカウンターパンチとに
より圧縮応力を作用させながら、前記中間素材の貫通孔
から前記マンドレルの穴径拡大部を引き抜きつつ、この
貫通孔に前記マンドレルの前記小径部を挿入し、マンド
レルの小径部と、前記穴径拡大部とにより拡径された貫
通孔との間の間隙に素材を充満させる仕上加工工程とを
有することを特徴とする穴付部材の塑性加工方法。2. A die member having a die part having a shape corresponding to a holed member to be obtained and having a container part continuous with the die part, wherein the die member is biased toward the punch side. After inserting the material, after inserting the small diameter part of the mandrel into the punch side of the through hole formed in the center of this material,
After press-fitting the hole diameter enlarged part following this small diameter part into the through hole and expanding the punch side of the through hole, the counter punch that fits into the container part and the die part end surface of the die member are placed on the counter punch side. With a punch that presses, a material is compression-molded, and a rough processing step of filling the material between the die hole and the mandrel to obtain an intermediate material, and after the rough processing step, the intermediate material with the punch. While exerting a compressive stress with a counter punch, while pulling out the hole diameter enlarged portion of the mandrel from the through hole of the intermediate material, insert the small diameter portion of the mandrel into this through hole, the small diameter portion of the mandrel, and the A plastic working method for a perforated member, comprising: a finishing step of filling a material in a gap between the through hole enlarged by the enlarged hole diameter portion and the through hole.
ダイ孔の形成されるダイ部とこのダイ部に連続するコン
テナ部とを有し、パンチ側に付勢されるダイ部材内に素
材を投入するとともに、この素材の中央に形成される貫
通孔に、マンドレルの小径部を挿入した後、前記コンテ
ナ部に嵌合するカウンターパンチと、前記ダイ部材のダ
イ部端面をカウンターパンチ側に押圧するパンチとによ
り、素材を圧縮成形して、前記ダイ孔と前記マンドレル
との間に素材を充満させ、この後、前記マンドレルの小
径部に続く穴径拡大部を貫通孔に圧入し、貫通孔のパン
チ側を拡径して中間素材を得る荒加工工程と、この荒加
工工程の後、前記中間素材に前記パンチとカウンターパ
ンチとにより圧縮応力を作用させながら、前記中間素材
の貫通孔から前記マンドレルの穴径拡大部を引き抜きつ
つ、この貫通孔に前記マンドレルの小径部を挿入し、マ
ンドレルの小径部と、前記穴径拡大部により拡径された
貫通孔との間の間隙に素材を充満させる仕上加工工程と
を有することを特徴とする穴付部材の塑性加工方法。3. A die member which has a die portion having a die hole having a shape corresponding to the holed member to be obtained and a container portion which is continuous with the die portion, and which is urged to the punch side. While inserting the material, after inserting the small diameter part of the mandrel into the through hole formed in the center of this material, the counter punch that fits in the container part and the die part end surface of the die member are placed on the counter punch side. By pressing the punch, the material is compression-molded, the material is filled between the die hole and the mandrel, and then a hole diameter enlarged portion following the small diameter portion of the mandrel is press-fitted into the through hole to penetrate. Roughing step of expanding the punch side of the hole to obtain an intermediate material, and after this roughing step, applying compressive stress to the intermediate material by the punch and the counter punch, from the through hole of the intermediate material. The above Insert the small diameter part of the mandrel into this through hole while pulling out the expanded diameter part of the mandrel, and fill the gap between the small diameter part of the mandrel and the through hole expanded by the expanded diameter part with material. A plastic working method for a member with holes, comprising:
ルの引き抜きを前記穴径拡大部に作用する前記中間素材
からの押圧力により行うことを特徴とする請求項2また
は3記載の穴付部材の塑性加工方法。4. The plastic working of the perforated member according to claim 2, wherein the mandrel is pulled out in the finishing step by pressing force from the intermediate material acting on the hole diameter enlarging portion. Method.
は穴径拡大部との間に、前記小径部の外径よりさらに小
径の逃げ部を形成し、前記マンドレルを引き抜きつつ、
マンドレルの小径部を挿入する際に、作用している圧縮
応力により、一旦、前記逃げ部に素材を流動させ、流動
した素材を、前記小径部によりしごき成形することによ
り、穴付部材の内径部を仕上げることを特徴とする請求
項1ないし3のいずれか1項記載の穴付部材の塑性加工
方法。5. A relief portion having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the small diameter portion is formed between the small diameter portion of the mandrel and the large diameter portion or the hole diameter enlarged portion, and while pulling out the mandrel,
When inserting the small-diameter portion of the mandrel, the compressive stress acting on the mandrel causes the material to flow into the relief portion once, and the fluidized material is ironed by the small-diameter portion to form the inner diameter portion of the holed member. The plastic working method for a holed member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by finishing.
ウト部を設け、前記マンドレルの引き抜きと、製品のノ
ックアウトとを、同一のノックアウト装置を2段階に動
作させて行うことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいず
れか1項または5項記載の穴付部材の塑性加工方法。6. A mandrel drive unit and a knockout unit are provided on the drive pin, and the mandrel is pulled out and the product is knocked out by operating the same knockout device in two steps. 3. The method of plastic working of a member with holes according to any one of 3 or 5.
に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6の
いずれか1項記載の穴付部材の塑性加工方法。7. The plastic working method for a holed member according to claim 1, wherein the die part and the container part are formed separately.
で成形を行うことを特徴とする請求項1ないし7のいず
れか1項記載の穴付部材の塑性加工方法。8. The plastic working method for a perforated member according to claim 1, wherein the die member is molded while being heated to a predetermined temperature.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW081106186A TW243419B (en) | 1992-07-28 | 1992-08-05 | |
KR1019920018746A KR100246944B1 (en) | 1992-03-12 | 1992-10-12 | Deformation processing method of a part with a hole |
DE69302040T DE69302040D1 (en) | 1992-03-12 | 1993-01-08 | Process for the plastic processing of a perforated link |
EP93100205A EP0560010B1 (en) | 1992-03-12 | 1993-01-08 | Plastic working method for a holed member |
MX9301334A MX9301334A (en) | 1992-03-12 | 1993-03-10 | METHOD TO WORK PLASTIC FOR A HOLE MEMBER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5370492 | 1992-03-12 | ||
JP4-53704 | 1992-03-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH05309434A JPH05309434A (en) | 1993-11-22 |
JP2516148B2 true JP2516148B2 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=12950222
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4201436A Expired - Fee Related JP2516148B2 (en) | 1992-03-12 | 1992-07-28 | Plastic forming method for members with holes |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2516148B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100246944B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2088019A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6102286B2 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2017-03-29 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Molded product manufacturing method, molded product mold and molded product manufacturing apparatus |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4208900A (en) * | 1977-03-02 | 1980-06-24 | Lear Siegler, Inc. | Axle spindle forming apparatus |
-
1992
- 1992-07-28 JP JP4201436A patent/JP2516148B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-12 KR KR1019920018746A patent/KR100246944B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-01-25 CA CA002088019A patent/CA2088019A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR930019299A (en) | 1993-10-18 |
KR100246944B1 (en) | 2000-04-01 |
CA2088019A1 (en) | 1993-09-13 |
JPH05309434A (en) | 1993-11-22 |
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