JP2512381B2 - Plastic waste volume reduction machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial field of application] Generally, when plastic waste is incinerated, it becomes hot and damages the incinerator, so landfill processing is performed. In recent years, it has become difficult to secure land for landfill, and the garbage disposal of this plastic waste has become a social problem. Therefore, in consideration of the above points, a method of reducing the volume of plastic waste and then discarding it has begun to be adopted.

The present invention relates to a volume reducing machine for reducing the volume of such plastic waste, that is, for reducing the volume of the plastic waste. In particular, the plastic waste is put into a casing having a screw therein and compressed by the screw. The present invention relates to a volumetric reducer for plastic waste, which is melted to reduce the volume and pushed out of the casing.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional plastic waste volume reduction machine is
A casing in which a screw is installed, a charging port provided in the upper part of the casing for charging a plastic waste therein, and an extrusion die provided at an end of the casing,
A heating mechanism provided on the peripheral wall of the casing is provided so that the plastic waste put into the casing is melted by compression with a screw and heating with the compression heat or a heater to reduce the volume, and is pushed out of the casing from the extrusion die. Was.

Further, conventionally, when a volume-reduced plastic waste extruded from an extrusion die, so-called volume-reduced plastic, is burned, a neutralizing agent for neutralizing harmful gas generated during the burning is separately added. It was

[0005]

In the casing of the volume reducer as described above, first, the plastic waste charged through the charging port is crushed, mixed and compressed by the screw and melted, and the plastic waste is discharged from the extrusion die. Although it becomes a volume-reduced plastic and is extruded to the outside, there is a problem that it is difficult to extrude from the extrusion die because the plastic waste reaches the extrusion die without being sufficiently mixed and melted.

Further, when burning the volume-reduced plastic, it is necessary to add a neutralizing agent separately at the time of burning, which is troublesome and may cause an accident due to harmful gas generated when the neutralizing agent is used incorrectly. There was a problem that there was.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a plastic waste volume reducing machine which solves the problems.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has, for example, an intermediate die having an intermediate extrusion hole 10 ... Inside the casing 3 at a predetermined distance from the extrusion die 9. 11 is provided, and a neutralizing agent supply unit 14 is provided at a predetermined position of the casing 3 to supply a neutralizing agent that neutralizes harmful gas generated during combustion to the plastic waste whose volume is being reduced.

The intermediate die 11 and the neutralizing agent are used together.
While the feeding portion 14 is provided, the extrusion hole 8 of the extrusion die 9 ...
Rotating shafts 4 and 4 of the screw shaft 2 protruding outside the casing 3 so that the cutting blades 15 and 15 for cutting the volume-reduced plastic extruded from the casing to a predetermined length rotate slower than the rotating shafts 4 and 4, A plurality of pinion gears 16, 17, 19 and 20 were connected to the cutting blades 15 and 15 for cutting the volume-reduced plastic extruded from the extrusion die 9 by rotation.

[0010]

Since the intermediate die 11 is provided, the plastic waste inside the casing 3 is first crushed and mixed, and is compressed by the intermediate die 11 so that the intermediate extrusion holes 10 ...
After being extruded from, it is compressed and melted by the extrusion die 9 while being further mixed, and is extruded to the outside of the extrusion die 9. Therefore, the plastic waste that has been extruded from the intermediate die 11 and has not yet been sufficiently mixed and melted is in a state of being sufficiently mixed and melted between the intermediate die 11 and the extrusion die 9, and the plastic waste inside Since the volume reducing plastic neutralizes harmful gas generated during combustion by supplying the solvating agent, the volume reducing plastic extruded from the extrusion die 9 to the outside becomes safe. Furthermore, it is possible to save the trouble of separately using a neutralizing agent during combustion.

Extruded from the extrusion die 9 as described above.
Mixing a sufficiently, compacted plastic neutralized with melted is without too short, it may be molded into easy length treated as waste.

[0012]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a front view of the volume reducer, FIG. 2 is an enlarged end view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged end view taken along line BB of FIG. 4, and FIG. It is a figure.

As shown in FIG. 1, a volume reducing machine 1 placed on a pedestal 1a has a casing 3 in which a pair of screws 2 and 2 (only one of which is shown) extending parallel to the lateral direction are provided, and the screw 3. A drive mechanism 5 for rotating the rotary shafts 4, 4 of 2, 2 and a bearing 6 for rotatably supporting the ends of the rotary shafts 4, 4 opposite to the drive mechanism 5 are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the casing 3 has a heater (not shown) built in the peripheral wall thereof, an inlet 7 for introducing a plastic waste is provided on the upper portion thereof, and a tip end portion thereof is provided. An extrusion die 9 having shaft holes 4a, 4a through which the rotary shafts 4, 4 penetrate and a plurality of circular extrusion holes 8 through which molten plastic passes is provided. The extruding holes 8 ... Are arranged so as to surround the shaft holes 4a, 4a, and communicate with the extruding pipes 8a outside the extruding die 9. Further, inside the casing 3 spaced apart from the extrusion die 9 by a predetermined distance, shaft holes 4b and 4b through which the rotary shafts 4 and 4 penetrate, and a substantially rectangular or circular intermediate extrusion hole 10 through which molten plastic passes. An intermediate die 11 having ... And is provided. The intermediate extrusion hole 10
... are the same as the extrusion holes 8 ...
It is arranged so as to surround b and the inside of the casing 3 is divided by the intermediate die 11 as a partition.
It is divided into a first melting chamber 12 located between them and a second melting chamber 13 located between the intermediate die 11 and the extrusion die 9.

As shown in FIG. 1, the casing 3 is
A neutralizing agent supply unit 14 for supplying a neutralizing agent is provided at an upper portion located between the end on the drive mechanism 5 side and the charging port. This neutralizing agent has a function of neutralizing harmful gas during combustion by premixing with the plastic waste whose volume is being reduced.

As shown in FIG. 4, the end portions of the rotary shafts 4, 4 project outside the casing 3 on the extrusion die 9 side, and the projecting portions are supported by the support portion 6. Further, a pair of cutting blades 15 and 15 that rotate through the vicinity of the outlets of the extruding pipes 8a ... Are connected to one end of the rotating shaft 4 through a connecting mechanism. This connecting mechanism has a first pinion gear 16 provided at the tip of the rotating shaft 4 and a second pinion gear 17 meshing with the first pinion gear 16 at the tip, and is rotatably supported at the central portion of the bearing portion 6. Each rotating shaft having a shaft 18, a third pinion gear 19 provided at an inner end of the interlocking shaft 18, and fourth pinion gears 20 and 20 meshing with the third pinion gear 19, and also having the cutting blades 15 and 15. The rotary cylinders 21 and 21 are rotatably fitted to the rotary cylinders 4 and 4. The first pinion gear 16 has a smaller diameter than the second pinion gear 17, and the third pinion gear 19 has a smaller diameter than the fourth pinion gear 20. Therefore, the connecting mechanism is a speed reducing mechanism for the cutting blades 15, 15. The cutting blades 15 and 15 rotate slower than the rotary shafts 4 and 4. In the figure, reference numerals 22 ...
4 is a bearing for making the rotating cylinder 21 and 21 rotatable relative to each other.

As shown in FIG. 1, the drive mechanism 5 is connected to the rotary shafts 4 and 4 via a pair of first rotary joints 23 (only one is shown), a motor 24, and a pair of second rotary joints. 25, 25 (only one shown), and a speed reducer 26 composed of a plurality of sprockets.

Next, the operation of the volume reducing machine of the above embodiment will be described. First, the driving mechanism 5 is driven to rotate the screw 2, the plastic waste is charged from the charging port 7, and the supplying section 14 is used. When a neutralizing agent in an amount suitable for the amount of plastic waste is added, the plastic waste moves in the first melting chamber 12 toward the intermediate die 11 by the rotation of the screw 2 while being crushed and mixed. When approaching the intermediate die 11, it is compressed and begins to melt due to the heat of compression and the heat of the heater, and by the time it reaches the intermediate die 11, it becomes incomplete but volume-reduced plastic, and the intermediate extrusion holes 10 ... -Is extruded into the second melting chamber 13. The incomplete volume-reduced plastic that has entered the second melting chamber 13 moves toward the extrusion die 9 while being further mixed, and when it reaches the vicinity of the extrusion die 9, it is sufficiently mixed and melted, and the extrusion pipe 8a.・ ・ Extruded from. The neutralizing agent supplied from the neutralizing agent supply unit 14 is mixed with the plastic waste in the first melting chamber 12 and is further uniformly mixed in the volume-reduced plastic in the second melting chamber 13.

The volume-reduced plastic extruded from the extruded pipes 8a ... Is cut into a suitable length as waste by the cutting blades 15 and is cooled by the outside air to be solidified.

As described above, according to the volume reducing machine of the above embodiment,
The volume-reduced plastic extruded from the intermediate extrusion holes 10 ... of the intermediate die 11 which has not been sufficiently mixed and melted is almost uniformly mixed in the second melting chamber 13 and sufficiently melted. The product extruded from the extrusion die 9 neutralizes the harmful gas generated during combustion by premixing the neutralizing agent, so that it can be made into a safe waste. There is an advantage that it is possible to save the trouble of using. In addition, since the cutting blades 15 and 15 rotate slower than the rotating shafts 4 and 4 due to the speed reduction mechanism, the cut volume-reducing plastic is not too short and is formed into a length that can be easily treated as waste. There is an advantage of getting.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the supply port of the neutralizing agent supply section 14 is the first.
It may be provided in either the melting chamber 12 or the second melting chamber 13, and the speed reducing mechanism for the cutting blades 15, 15 may not be provided in particular.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the intermediate die is provided, the plastic waste is mixed almost uniformly through the two-stage mixing and melting process and is sufficiently melted. Since a neutralizing agent can be supplied to the plastic waste during volume reduction, the obtained volume-reduced plastic waste can neutralize the harmful gas generated during combustion, making it a safe waste and at the same time during combustion. The effect that it is possible to save the trouble of separately using a neutralizing agent is exerted.

Further, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the volume-reduced plastic cut by the cutting blade is not too short and can be molded into a length that can be easily treated as waste.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a volume reducing machine.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged end view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged end view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional plan view of a main part.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Volume reducer 2 Screw 3 Casing 4 Rotating shaft 7 Input port 8 Extrusion hole 8a Extrusion pipe 9 Extrusion die 10 Intermediate extrusion hole 11 Intermediate die 12 First melting chamber 13 Second melting chamber 14 Neutralizer supply part 15 Cutting blade

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plastic waste volume reducer for extruding a volume-reduced plastic from an extrusion hole of an extrusion die provided at a tip of a casing having a screw therein, wherein the casing is provided at a predetermined interval from the extrusion die. Inside the
An intermediate die having an intermediate extrusion hole was arranged, and a neutralizing agent supply section was provided at a predetermined position of the casing in order to supply a neutralizing agent that neutralizes harmful gas during combustion to the plastic waste whose volume is being reduced. A plastic waste volume reduction machine characterized by the following. 2. A volume-reducing plastic from an extrusion hole of an extrusion die provided at a tip of a casing having a screw inside.
A volume reduction machine extruded plastic waste, said press
Inside the casing with a predetermined distance from the exit die,
Place an intermediate die with an intermediate extrusion hole and reduce
Neutralize toxic gas when burning plastic waste in the container
Neutralizing agent at a predetermined position of the casing to supply the neutralizing agent
While providing the agent supply part, push it through the extrusion hole of the extrusion die.
A cutting hand that cuts the volume-reduced plastic that is put out to a specified length.
A step is provided, and this cutting means includes a rotating shaft of a screw protruding to the outside of the casing and a cutting blade that is arranged in the vicinity of the extrusion hole and cuts the volume-reduced plastic by rotation through a reduction mechanism. A volumetric reducer for plastic waste, characterized in that the cutting blades rotate so as to rotate slower than the rotation axis by being connected to each other.