JP2510399Y2 - Absorption condenser - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to an absorption condenser.

(Prior Art) A conventional absorption condenser is shown in FIGS. 13 and 14.

First, the absorption condenser shown in FIG. 13 will be described. (1) is shell, (2) is a spray pipe arranged in the upper part of the shell (1), and (3) is penetrated through the shell (1). A meandering heat transfer tube, (4) a steam supply tube for supplying steam into the shell (1), (5) a diluent supply tube communicating with the spray tube (2), and (6) a heat transfer tube. A refrigerant supply pipe communicating with (3), (7) is a condensate reservoir provided in the lower part of the shell (1), and steam as a heat medium is supplied from the steam supply pipe (4) to the shell (1).
The refrigerant is supplied into the heat transfer tube (2) from the refrigerant supply pipe (6), and the diluent is sprayed from the diluent supply pipe (5) to the spray pipe (2) into the shell (1). , Most of the diluted liquid is dropped on the uppermost heat transfer tube (3), and the heat transfer tube (3)
A liquid film (or droplets) is formed by flowing down along the outer surface of the.

Also, the remaining part is made to collide with the inner surface of the side wall of the shell (1) and flow down.

Further, the remaining portion is dropped directly into the condensate reservoir (7) without colliding with the inner surface of the side wall of the heat transfer tube (3) or shell (1).

As described above, the diluent flowing down along the outer surface of the uppermost heat transfer tube (3) is cooled by the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube (3) to condense steam.

While increasing the amount of liquid, they collide with the lower heat transfer pipes (3) one after another, repeating the above-mentioned absorption and condensation actions, gradually approaching saturated liquid, and eventually becoming saturated liquid, and then the condensate reservoir (7). To the shell (1) inner wall surface while falling, and then to flow down the shell (1) inner wall surface,
Drop into condensate reservoir (7).

In this way, the diluent that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell (1) and flows down there does not contact the heat transfer tube (3) again, and absorbs only a small amount of vapor. The diluting liquid that has fallen into the condensate reservoir (7) and is accumulated therein is discharged to the outside of the absorption condenser through a discharge line (not shown).

On the other hand, the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube (3) is discharged to the outside of the heat transfer tube while cooling the diluent.

Next, the absorption condenser shown in FIG. 14 will be described. (8) is a wire-dispersing wire mesh arranged in two stages below the spray pipe (2), and (15) is below the shell (1). The other parts of the dilution liquid discharge pipe provided are the same as those of the absorption condenser shown in FIG. 13. Also in this absorption condenser, the steam as the heat medium is supplied from the steam supply pipe (4). The shell is supplied into the shell (1), the refrigerant is supplied from the refrigerant supply pipe (6) into the heat transfer pipe (3), and the diluting liquid is supplied to the diluting liquid supply pipe (5) → the spray pipe (2) → the liquid-spraying wire mesh ( The mesh (13) of 8) is sprayed into the shell (1), and most of the diluent is dropped onto the uppermost heat transfer tube (3), and the heat transfer tube (3)
A liquid film (or droplets) is formed by flowing down along the outer surface of the.

Also, the remaining part is made to collide with the inner surface of the side wall of the shell (1) and flow down.

Further, the remaining portion is dropped directly into the condensate reservoir (7) without colliding with the inner surface of the side wall of the heat transfer tube (3) or shell (1).

As described above, the diluent flowing down along the outer surface of the uppermost heat transfer tube (3) is cooled by the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube (3) to condense steam.

While increasing the amount of liquid, they collide with the lower heat transfer pipes (3) one after another, repeating the above-mentioned absorption and condensation actions, gradually approaching saturated liquid, and eventually becoming saturated liquid, and then the condensate reservoir (7). To the shell (1) inner wall surface while falling, and then to flow down the shell (1) inner wall surface,
Drop into condensate reservoir (7).

In this way, the diluent that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell (1) and flows down there does not contact the heat transfer tube (3) again, and absorbs only a small amount of vapor. The diluting liquid that has fallen into the condensate reservoir (7) and is accumulated therein is discharged to the outside of the absorption condenser through a discharge line (not shown). On the other hand, the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube (3) is discharged to the outside of the heat transfer tube while cooling the diluent.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional absorption condenser shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the vapor is absorbed and condensed by the diluting liquid that has dropped onto the surface of the heat transfer tube (2), and the vapor is released at that time. The amount of heat to be generated or the amount of heat received by the diluting liquid is absorbed by the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube (3), and if there is an unwetted portion on the surface of the heat transfer tube (3), the heat transfer tube (3) will transfer heat. Almost no heat is applied.

Even if it is wet, the liquid film (or liquid droplets) formed on the surface of the heat transfer tube (3) does not immediately flow down to the lower heat transfer tube (3), but is long on the outer surface of the same heat transfer tube (3). If it stopped, absorption and condensation proceed, and as it approaches a saturated liquid, the absorption and condensation capabilities also decrease.

That is, the diluted liquid flowing down from above is transferred to the heat transfer tube (3).
Ideally, it uniformly spreads on the outer surface, is absorbed and condensed, and then uniformly flows from the lower portion of the heat transfer tube (3) to the downstream side along the tube axis direction of the heat transfer tube (3).

However, in reality, when the liquid column (or liquid droplet) flows down from the upstream side and spreads to some extent on the outer surface of the heat transfer tube (3), the liquid column (or liquid) flowing down on the heat transfer tube (3) is reached. A portion that extends circumferentially downward along the outer surface of the heat transfer tube (3) from the position of the droplet, that is, the liquid column (or droplet) flows down from the vicinity of the lower part of the heat transfer tube (3), and the other portion There is only a small amount of runoff. Further, as it goes downstream, coalescence of liquid columns (or droplets) occurs, and the interval between the liquid columns (or droplets) existing in the tube axis direction below the heat transfer tube (3) also becomes longer.

This is also clear in the experimental example. Due to these, the liquid columns (or droplets) that flow down onto the heat transfer tube (3) and flow down from the lower part of the heat transfer tube (3) are circumferentially downward along the surface of the heat transfer tube (3). The liquid column (or liquid droplets) existing near the bottom of the heat transfer tube (3), that is, near the bottom of the heat transfer tube (3), does not remain on the surface of the heat transfer tube (3) for a long time.
Heat transfer is performed smoothly, but it can be said that other parts are worse than this part.

It is also clear that if the liquid film is too thick, it will cause thermal resistance and hinder heat transfer. In addition, it is also clear that the diluent that does not come into contact with the heat transfer tube (3) does not exchange heat with the refrigerant, and therefore becomes a saturated liquid by absorbing a very small amount of vapor and hardly contributes to heat transfer.

As described above, the conventional absorption condenser shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 has the following problems. That is, (I) the diluent that is sprayed from the spray pipe (2), collides with the inner wall surface of the shell (1) and flows down there, and the diluent that directly drops into the condensate reservoir (7) is used for heat transfer. Not contributing.

(II) The diluted liquid sprayed from the spray pipe (2) flows through the heat transfer pipe (3), coalescing of liquid columns (or droplets) occurs, and the more downstream the heat transfer pipe (3) The distance between the liquid columns (or droplets) existing in the tube axis direction becomes long. That is, as it goes downstream, the diluting liquid once attached to the heat transfer tube (3) is not smoothly replaced, and heat transfer is not smoothly performed.

(III) In order to uniformly spread the spray liquid on the heat transfer pipes (3) on the projection surface in the downflow direction of the diluting liquid, if the projected area is large, it is necessary to increase the number of spray pipes (2). ，
The structure is complicated and the cost is high.

There was a problem.

The present invention is proposed in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption condenser that can improve heat transfer performance and reduce cost.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the absorption condenser of the present invention has a diluent spraying pipe arranged in the upper part of the shell, and in the shell below the diluent spraying pipe. A liquid spray tray having a large number of diluting liquid spray holes is provided in the liquid spray tray to form a vapor flow path between the outer peripheral portion of the liquid spray tray and the inner wall surface of the shell, and directly above the outer peripheral portion of the liquid spray tray. A liquid collecting tray for guiding the diluting liquid that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell and flows down the inner wall surface to the liquid distribution tray is arranged, and a heat transfer tube is arranged in the shell below the liquid distribution tray.

(Operation) The absorption condenser of the present invention is configured as described above,
While diluting the liquid sprayed from the diluting liquid spray pipe to the liquid spreading tray and temporarily storing it, the diluting liquid that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell and flows down the inner wall surface is collected in the liquid spreading tray via the liquid collecting tray. , The diluted liquid in this liquid spray tray is evenly sprayed to the lower heat transfer pipe (heat transfer pipe in which the refrigerant flows in the pipe) through a large number of diluted liquid spray holes provided in the liquid spray tray, and the outer surface of the heat transfer pipe Of the heat transfer medium is led to the heat transfer tube in the direction of the heat transfer tube through the steam passage formed between the outer peripheral part of the liquid distribution tray and the inner wall surface of the shell, and flows down the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer tube. The diluent is cooled by the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube to condense the steam.

(Embodiment) Next, the absorption condenser of the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. (1) is arranged in the shell and (2) is arranged in the upper part of the shell (1). Dispersion pipe, (3) a meandering heat transfer pipe penetrating through the shell (1), (4) a steam supply pipe for supplying steam into the shell (1), and (5) a distribution pipe (2). ) Is a diluting liquid supply pipe, (6) is a refrigerant supply pipe communicating with the heat transfer pipe (3), and (7) is a condensate reservoir provided under the shell (1).

Further, (10) is a liquid distribution tray arranged in two stages below the distribution pipe (2), and (11) is an annular liquid collection tray arranged immediately above the outer periphery of the liquid distribution tray (10), ( 12) is an annular vapor flow path formed between the outer peripheral portion of the liquid distribution tray (11) and the inner wall surface of the shell (1), and (13) is a plurality of annular vapor passages provided in the liquid distribution tray (11). It is a diluting liquid spray hole.

Next, the operation of the absorption condenser shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 will be specifically described. Disperse the diluent evenly over the heat transfer tube (3),
In order to uniformly diffuse and flow down the outer surface of the heat transfer tube (3), it is necessary to subdivide the flow path of the diluting liquid and to secure the flow rate of the diluting liquid. Therefore, in this embodiment, A large number of dilution liquid distribution holes (thin diameter dilution liquid distribution holes that do not clog) in the shell (1) below the dilution liquid distribution pipe (2) (13)
The liquid distribution trays (10) having the above are arranged in upper and lower two stages to form a vapor flow path (12) between the outer peripheral portion of each liquid distribution tray (10) and the inner wall surface of the shell (1), Each liquid spray tray (1
A collecting tray (11) for guiding the diluting liquid that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell (1) and flows down on the inner wall surface of the shell (1) is provided directly above the outer peripheral portion of (0), and The heat transfer tube (3) is arranged in the shell (1) below the liquid spray tray (10), and the diluted liquid sprayed from the diluted liquid spray pipe (2) is first in the upper liquid spray tray (10). While being stored, the diluted liquid that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell (1) and flows down the inner wall surface of the shell (1) is collected in the upper liquid spray tray (10) via the liquid collection tray (11) and then stored. The diluting liquid in the upper liquid spray tray (10) passes through a large number of diluting liquid spray holes (13) provided in the liquid spray tray (10), and the lower heat transfer pipe (heat transfer pipe in which the refrigerant flows inside the pipe) (3) The heat transfer tubes (3) are evenly dispersed on the outer surface of the liquid transfer tray (10) while the outer surface of the heat transfer tube (3) is uniformly diffused and flowed down. Inside the heat transfer tube (3) through the steam passage (12) formed between the shell and the inner wall surface of the shell (1), leading to the direction of the heat transfer tube (3) and flowing down the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer tube (3). It is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through it to condense the vapor. The above is the liquid spray tray (10) in the upper stage, but the same operation is performed in the liquid spray tray (10) in the lower stage.

Figures 4, 5 and 6 show that the liquid distribution tray (10) is provided with the rectangular steam flow channel (12) in plan view and the dilution liquid distribution hole (13) in circular shape in plan view in a dispersed state. In another embodiment in which the pipe (14) is provided in the hole (13) in a suspended state, the same operation as in the above embodiment is performed in this embodiment.

Figures 7,8,9,10 show that the liquid-dispersion wire nets (8) (10) are arranged in two stages below the spray pipe (2), and in between, the Raschig ring (ring with thin tubes cut into rings = packing material). (9) is filled, and the flow path (11) and the diluent spray hole (13) are provided in a dispersed state between the wire meshes (8) and (10) for spraying liquid,
In this embodiment, the diluted liquid is dropped onto the liquid-dispersing wire net (8) and dispersed while the Raschig ring (9) layer is flowing down so that the liquid-dispersing wire mesh (10) is uniformly distributed to the heat transfer pipe (3) below. Sprinkle on.

In this case, the Raschig ring (9) is filled between the liquid-spraying wire nets (8) and (10), so that a dispersion layer of the diluent can be easily formed.

Fig. 11 shows a wire mesh (1
0) is used while a large number of wires (12) are attached to the wire mesh (10) for spraying the same liquid in a suspended state. In this embodiment as well, the diluting liquid is transferred to the lower heat transfer tube (3). Distribute evenly.

FIG. 12 shows still another embodiment in which the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7, 8, 9 and 10 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 are combined. Also in this embodiment, the diluting liquid is transferred to the lower heat transfer tube ( Spray evenly onto 3).

(Effect of the device) The absorption condenser of the present invention drops the diluted liquid sprayed from the diluted liquid spray pipe to the liquid spray tray as described above, and temporarily stores it, while colliding with the inner wall surface of the shell and colliding with the inner wall surface. The diluting liquid flowing down is collected in the liquid spraying tray through the liquid collecting tray, and the diluting liquid in the liquid spraying tray is passed through the many diluting liquid spraying holes provided in the liquid spraying tray, and the lower heat transfer pipe (the refrigerant in the pipe is The heat transfer pipes are evenly distributed over the outer surface of the heat transfer pipes, and the steam of the heat transfer medium is formed between the outer periphery of the liquid distribution tray and the inner wall surface of the shell. Guide to the direction of the heat transfer tube through, the diluent flowing down the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer tube is cooled by the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube, to condense the steam, the following problems that occurred in the conventional absorption condenser, That is, the dilution that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell and flows down the inner wall surface. The liquid can be dropped directly without flowing down to the outer surface of the heat transfer tube, the diluting liquid adhering to the outer surface of the heat transfer tube cannot be replaced smoothly, and the number of diluting liquid spray tubes can be increased to It is not necessary to sprinkle the spray liquid on the heat transfer tubes on the projection surface in the downflow direction so as to be evenly wetted, so that the heat transfer performance can be improved and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of an absorption condenser according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view showing an essential part thereof, FIG. 3 is an enlarged transverse plan view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of the same, FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical side view of the same, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view showing the part
Figure is its enlarged vertical side view, Figure 10 is its enlarged vertical side view, Figure 11 is a vertical side view showing another embodiment, and Figure 12 is a vertical side view showing yet another embodiment. Is a vertical side view showing a conventional absorption condenser, and FIG. 14 is a vertical side view showing another conventional example. (1) …… Shell of absorption condenser, (2) (5) …… Diluent spraying pipe, (4) …… Steam supply pipe, (6) …… Refrigerant supply pipe, (10) (11) …… Tray, (12) …… Steam flow path,
(13) …… Diluting liquid spray hole.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ichiyoshi Tsuji, 1-1 1-1 Atsunoura-machi, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Research Institute (56) References: 60-43967

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A diluting liquid spraying pipe is arranged in the upper part of the shell, and a diluting liquid spraying tray having a large number of diluting liquid spraying holes is arranged in the shell below the diluting liquid spraying pipe to spray the diluting liquid. A vapor flow path is formed between the outer peripheral portion of the tray and the inner wall surface of the shell, and the diluting liquid that collides with the inner wall surface of the shell immediately above the outer peripheral portion of the liquid spray tray and flows down the inner wall surface to the liquid spray tray. An absorption condenser in which a liquid collecting tray for guiding is arranged, and a heat transfer tube is arranged in a shell below the liquid distributing tray.